EP3269889A1 - Connection system - Google Patents

Abstract

Connection system (1) for connecting a timber component (3) to a building element (5), comprising a first holding section (13) for the building element (5), a second holding section (14) for the timber component (3), a coupling element (15) which releasably interconnects the first holding portion (13) and the second holding portion (14), the second holding portion (14) (i) comprising a wood component side fitting (20) having a first contact surface (30) for attachment to a first surface of the timber component (3) and (ii) has a second contact surface (31) for a second surface of the timber component (3), wherein the first contact surface (30) of the wood component side fitting (20) and the second contact surface (31) of the second holding portion (14) enclose an angle (±) different from 180 °.

Description

The present invention relates to a connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element. Furthermore, the invention relates to a timber construction connection comprising at least one such connection system. Finally, the invention relates to a building comprising at least one such connection system.

State of the art

In concrete construction, various connection systems for connecting a building with a projecting component, which avoid local cold bridges, are well known. By thermal decoupling of building exterior shell and the cantilever component, the attachment or implementation of an insulating layer can be accomplished without interruption.

In timber construction causes the formation of cantilevered components due to the relatively poor thermal conductivity of wood low local cold bridges, which usually lead to low building physics weaknesses. With a thermal conductivity of approx. 0.12 W / mK, wood is around a factor of 3 worse than conventional thermal insulation materials, which have an average thermal conductivity of 0.04 W / mK. In buildings with increased thermal requirements (such as in passive houses, active buildings) prepare the state-of-the art projections with a implementation of the wood element and an interruption of the insulating layer in wood construction problems.

In addition to the requirements for heat or cold protection in timber construction in the execution of projections in the prior art, a further, sometimes much larger vulnerability. This relates to the formation of a continuous airtight plane in order to prevent undesired local convection of warm, moisture-saturated air from the inside to the outside, in order to avoid the resulting increased moisture in the supporting structural elements and the damage usually associated therewith. Since system-related in structures made of wood, in particular cross-laminated timber (short BSP or CLT), joints and joints are present, the risk of increased air convection in the range of elemental shocks but also in the range of lamella joints of the individual elements is particularly high. This can be reduced only by an increased workload by subsequent sealing and / or bonding.

Another problem in timber construction is the weather exposure of projecting components, especially during the construction and assembly phase. Even with compliant sealing of cantilevered components, various factors (such as direct ventilation) can damage the timber structure. To make matters worse, that in a claim cantilevers that go from the building interior to the outside, can be replaced only with considerable effort, or usually only as a separate superior components are re-assembled, making their own load dissipation constructions are required.

Brief description of the invention

The subject invention has set itself the task of providing a connection system for timber construction, which addresses the above problems. In particular, the problem of increased air convection, the interchangeability of Kragbauteile, and the thermal decoupling of the cantilever is to be solved.

This object is achieved by a connection system for connecting a timber component to a building element, characterized by a first holding portion for the building element, a second holding portion for the timber component, a coupling element, which releasably interconnects the first holding portion and the second holding portion, wherein the second holding portion (i) a wood component side fitting having a first contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the timber component; and (ii) a second contact surface for a second surface of the timber component, wherein the first contact surface of the wood component side fitting and the second contact surface of the second retention portion are one of 180 Enclose different angles α with each other.

The building element is preferably also a wooden construction element, for example a floor slab.

Such a connection system is on the one hand via the first holding portion, preferably via a building-side fitting, attached to the building, such as a floor ceiling. On the other hand, the timber component, such as a balcony or balcony girder, mounted on the wood component side fitting, so that building and wooden component are connected via the connecting element. The connection is a detachable connection. This means that the connection of the two holding sections can be achieved without destroying one of the holding sections, eg via a screw connection, rivets or the like.

About such a connection system, it is possible that the building side fitting with an airtightness element is first attached to the building. In a further step, the building's own airtightness layer is connected to the airtightness element, for example by means of adhesive bonding.

The airtightness layer may comprise a foil and / or thermal and / or acoustic insulation elements which are applied to the building.

Thereafter, the timber component can be attached to the building via the wood component side fitting by the two fittings are connected to each other via the coupling element. The connection between the two fittings is indeed solvable, but also substantially rigid and rigid. A releasable connection can be a screw connection in the simplest case. Other types of connections would also be conceivable, such as e.g. a hook connection, a positive connection such as a dovetail connection. By a rigid connection is meant one in which deformations are so small that the force application points experience negligible displacements. At most, such rigid compounds include damped elastic compounds resulting from structure-borne sound insulation.

Characterized in that two are provided at a different angle from 180 ° to each other arranged contact surfaces, the holding portion engages around the wooden component at two contact surfaces, which allows an ideal flow of force within the connection system.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the first holding section (i) has a building-side fitting with a first building-side contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the building element and (ii) a second building-side contact surface for a second surface of the building element, wherein the first building-side contact surface of the building-side fitting and the second building-side contact surface of the first holding portion enclose an angle β different from 180 ° with each other.

The previously described embodiments allow an ideal power flow between the elements to be connected. In particular, occur by conventional slender cross-sectional shapes of the timber component high bending stresses. In that the second holding portion has a wood component-side fitting with a contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the timber component and a contact surface for a has second surface of the timber component, these surfaces are at an angle α, which is different from 180 °, arranged to each other, these bending moments can be ideally transmitted from the wood hardware side fitting on the coupling element to the building element. This also allows for far overhanging timber construction elements.

Although the first holding portion has a building-side fitting with a contact surface for attachment to a first surface of the building element and a contact surface for a second surface of the building element, and although here the contact surface of the building side fitting and the other contact surface an angle β of 180 ° with each other These forces can also be ideally transmitted.

In one embodiment, it can be provided that the angle α and / or the angle β are approximately between 45 ° and 135 °, preferably approximately 90 °. In addition, wood components are usually made with perpendicular to each other arranged surfaces, so there are also production advantages.

It is preferably provided that the first contact surface of the building-side fitting and the first contact surface of the wood component-side fitting are arranged substantially parallel to each other or lie substantially in one plane. The variant that the contact surfaces are approximately in one plane or have only one offset (and thus a parallel arrangement) of less than 100% of the thickness of the timber component has advantages for the transmission of forces.

It may be arranged in a variant of the building side fitting and the wood component-side fitting substantially parallel to each other or lie substantially in one plane.

An embodiment variant provides that the second contact surface of the second holding portion and the second contact surface of the first holding portion are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Thus, these two contact surfaces are arranged at a distance from each other. This has the advantage that in this distance further elements, in particular insulation elements, plaster, fire protection elements or the like. Can be introduced.

Therefore, it can be provided that in the installed state, the timber component to the building element spaced by a distance D come to rest, so that between wood component and building element, a thermal insulation element and / or another Façade element - such as a plaster layer or fire protection boards - can be introduced.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the building-side fitting is designed such that it can be connected by means of at least one fastening means with the building element, and that the wood component-side fitting with the timber component by means of at least one fastening means is connectable. This allows easy installation of the timber component and the building element. In the simplest case bores can be provided, via which the fastening means can be inserted and introduced into the wooden building or building element. It may be in the fasteners to pin-shaped such. act around screws, nails, bolts or the like. However, other types of attachment may be provided, such as e.g. Brackets, holders, glue etc.

It is preferably provided that the respective fitting guides for - preferably pin-shaped - has fastening means, so that the fastening means in a defined spatial angle γ, δ to the respective contact surface of the fitting can be introduced. At least some of the guides of the fastener guides may be designed such that in the installed state the respective pin-shaped fasteners penetrate into the respective component obliquely to the contact surface on the fitting, preferably at a spatial angle γ, δ between 30 degrees and 60 degrees ( Fig. 4 ). This is particularly advantageous if timber or building element made of cross-laminated timber, as a stable and secure anchoring is guaranteed. But also glulam or non-glued woods can be fixed safely in this way.

In one embodiment, an adjusting device is provided, with which the inclination angle ε between the second contact surface of the second holding portion and the second building-side contact surface of the first holding portion is adjustable. Thus, load-related or production-related inclinations between wood component and building element can be compensated.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the adjusting device has an adjusting element with which a distance d between the first holding section and the second holding section is variable. In the simplest case, the contact surfaces of the two holding sections arranged parallel to one another via the coupling element form a profile with two legs, eg a U or V profile (the orientation of the profile does not matter), whereby the leg ends are distance-displaceable via the adjusting element.

The adjusting device can be fastened at a first connection point on the building-side fitting and at a distance at a second connection point on the wood component side fitting, wherein the adjusting device has an actuating element with which the distance d between the two connection points can be changed.

Also, the adjusting device may have a joint portion with which the inclination angle ε is adjustable.

For example, an articulated actuator could be provided, which has a spherical cap, by means of which at least the angle of inclination between the building side fitting and wood component-side fitting is adjustable about a formed by Kugelkalotte axis of rotation A. Alternatively, the adjusting element may comprise an adjusting device, which has a lag screw, a pressure screw, an eccentric or a combination thereof, which is received by the adjusting element by means of spherical cap, cylinder segment or the like.

Furthermore, it can be provided that an airtightness element is attached to the first holding section, to which the building-side airtightness layer, for example by means of gluing, is connected.

The connection system can be designed such that the coupling element with the building-side fitting, the wood component-side fitting or both is releasably and substantially rigidly connected. In this case, the coupling element can be separated from the two fittings. In a preferred embodiment, the coupling element with the building-side fitting is permanently connected and releasably connected to the wood component side fitting and substantially rigid. This embodiment has the advantage that the building-side fitting on the one hand can be attached to the building and the wood component side fitting on the other hand can be attached to the timber component, whereupon the two fittings are connected together, so that the timber component can be installed quickly.

The detachable connection of building-side fitting and wood component side fitting can for example also be done so that at the same time the wood component is attached. For example, a screw may be provided, with which the two fittings are connected to each other by the screw is guided by receptacles in the two fittings (eg holes) and is screwed into the timber component.

In one embodiment, it can be provided that the coupling element and the wood component-side fitting have sections that form-fit engage each other such that at least a portion of the load transfer from the wood component side fitting to the coupling element via this form-fitting.

The coupling element preferably has recesses and a plurality of legs, which allow an ideal flow of force. Therefore, a stiffening element may be provided to increase the stability of the coupling element. If the coupling element has parallel legs, the stiffening element can connect the two legs together.

It can be provided that the wood component-side fitting in the assembled state, the timber component on the wood component side fitting is connected hanging.

In one aspect of the invention, a timber construction joint is provided, which has a connection system of the aforementioned type, wherein the timber component side fitting and the building element side fitting are connected to the coupling element, a timber component, which is connected to the wood component side fitting by means of at least one fastening means, and a building element which is connected to the building element side fitting by means of a fastening means.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1a, 1b

zeigt zwei Ansichten einer Holzbauverbindung nach Stand der Technik.

Fig. 2

zeigt ein Verbindungssystem nach der Erfindung.

Fig. 3

zeigt die im Verbindungssystem nach Fig. 2 auftretenden Kraftflüsse und Kontaktflächen

Fig. 4

zeigt ein Verbindungssystem gemäß einer Ausführungsform.

Fig. 5

Zeigt ein Verbindungssystem in Anlehnung an Fig. 2 mit Holzbauelement und Gebäudeelement in leichten Abwandlungen.

Fig. 6

zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsvariante eines Verbindungssystems.

Fig. 7, 8

zeigen weitere Verbindungssysteme in Anlehnung an Fig. 2 mit Holzbauelement und Gebäudeelement in leichten Abwandlungen.

Fig. 9

zeigt eine Stelleinrichtung für ein Verbindungssystem.

Fig. 10

zeigt mehrere Anordnungspositionen in schematischer Darstellung anhand eines Gebäudes.

Further advantages and details of the invention are illustrated by the following figures.

Fig. 1a, 1b

shows two views of a timber construction connection according to the prior art.

Fig. 2

shows a connection system according to the invention.

Fig. 3

shows the in the connection system Fig. 2 occurring force flows and contact surfaces

Fig. 4

shows a connection system according to an embodiment.

Fig. 5

Displays a connection system based on Fig. 2 with wooden construction element and building element in slight modifications.

Fig. 6

shows an alternative embodiment of a connection system.

Fig. 7, 8

show other connection systems based on Fig. 2 with wooden construction element and building element in slight modifications.

Fig. 9

shows an adjusting device for a connection system.

Fig. 10

shows several arrangement positions in a schematic representation of a building.

Fig. 1a and 1b show a timber construction connection according to the prior art in cross-section and in oblique view. A cantilevered timber component 3 is connected to a building element 5, in that the projecting timber component 3 penetrates the building element 5. In the Fig. 1a and 1b Air flows are indicated by arrows. An air flow that hits the joint between timber component 3 and building element 5 may occur due to the lack of airtight level in the building interior.

Fig. 2 shows a timber construction connection according to the invention. The connection system 1 is shown for clarity without wood component 3 and building element 5 (see also FIGS. 5 and 6 ) and it has a first holding portion 13 for the building element 5, and a second holding portion 14 for the timber component 3. In the middle of the actual coupling element 15 is shown, which connects the first holding portion 13 and the second holding portion 14 releasably to each other. For this purpose, the second holding portion 14 is attached to the first holding portion 13 with coupling screws 23.

The second holding section 14 has a wood component-side fitting 20 with a first contact surface 30 for attachment to a first surface of the timber component 3. For this purpose, the timber component 3 is applied to the contact surface 30 and fixed by means of fastening means 40. Furthermore, the wood component-side second holding portion 14 has a second contact surface 31 for a second surface of the timber component 3. The timber component 3 is located at this point on the second contact surface 31 and thus provides for a power dissipation in the coupling element 15 to the first holding portion thirteenth

The first contact surface 30 of the wood component-side fitting 20 and the second contact surface 31 of the second holding portion are in an adapted to the power flow and the timber component, angle α to each other (shown here with α = 90 °).

In the embodiment shown, it is provided that the first holding section 13 has a building-side fitting 19 with a first contact surface 32 for attachment to a first building-side contact surface 32 of the building element 5. An attachment is also made to this holding section 13 by means of fastening means 40 (for example screws), at which point the building element 5 is fastened.

The first holding section 13 further has a second contact surface 33 for a second building-side surface 33 of the building element 5. The building element 5 is therefore also on two surfaces 32, 33 on the connecting element 1, wherein first contact surface 32 of the building-side fitting 19 and second contact surface 33 of the first Holding portion 13 include an angle β, which is adapted according to an optimal power flow and the timber component (shown here with β = 90 °).

In the connection system 1 of Fig. 2 are the first contact surface 32 of the building-side fitting 19 and with the first contact surface 30 of the wood component side fitting 20 in a plane. In the embodiment of Fig. 7 these two contact surfaces 30, 32 are arranged parallel to one another and have an offset Δh.

The connection system 1 of Fig. 2 further comprises a parallel arrangement at a distance D of the second contact surface 31 of the second holding portion 14 and the second contact surface 33 of the first holding portion 13. It would thus be possible to introduce a thermal insulation element 7 between the two holding sections 13, 14 in the region of the coupling element 15.

Holzbau- 3 and building element 5 are connected to a plurality of fastening means 40 to the connection system 1. For this purpose, in particular pin-shaped fastening means 40 such as screws (shown), nails, bolts, and brackets but also surface fasteners 40 such as epoxy resin or the like. In question. When using pin-shaped fastening means 40, the respective fitting 19, 20 fastener guides 41, so that in the adapted to the required support and stiffness behavior angles γ, δ to the respective contact surface 30, 32 and 31, 32 of the fitting 19, 20 can be introduced are. The angles γ, δ are each shown here approximately at 45 °.

In the region of the coupling element 15, an adjusting device 26 is provided. With this, the inclination angle ε between the legs 22a, 22b of the coupling element 15 can be adjusted. If the angles α and β (as in Fig. 2 in contrast to Fig. 3 ) include an angle of 90 °, so are the first contact surface 33 of the first holding portion 13 in the same plane as the first leg 23a and the contact surface 31 of the second holding portion 14 in the same plane as the second leg 23b of the coupling element. The inclination angle ε is usually 0 ° for common application areas (parallel arrangement of the legs 23a, 23b of the coupling element 15), but may also differ due to load or design. With the adjusting device 26, this inclination angle ε can be set to the desired value. Thus, for example, an inclination can be compensated in order to arrange the contact surfaces 31 and 33 in parallel again, or a desired inclination could be introduced if, for example, the timber component is used as a canopy (FIG. Fig. 10 , bottom right) is formed and a non-0 ° angle of inclination is desired.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the adjusting device 26 has an actuating element 27 with which a distance d between the first holding section 13 and the second holding section 14 can be changed. As a result, the angle between the legs 23a, 23b of the coupling element 15 can be adjusted. In this case, the inclination of the mutually U-shaped legs 22a, 22b is changed.

In the installed state, the timber component 3 is spaced from the building element 5 by a distance D, so that between wood component 3 and building element 5, a thermal insulation element 7 and / or another facade element 8 - such as a plaster layer or fire protection boards - can be introduced.

Visible is also the stiffening element 29 for a better power flow between the two holding portions 13, 14th

Fig. 3 shows power flows within the connection system 1, the resulting due to the loads of the timber element 3 and the building element 5 bending moments and shear forces stresses on the respective holding portion 13, 14 to be transferred. By the static stress adapted arrangements of the contact surfaces between the fittings 19, 20 and the elements to be connected 3, 5, the bending moment is divided into several tensile and compressive components F ₁ , F ₂ , F ₃ , whereby an activation of several support reserves of the base material , As a result, an exclusive bending stress of the holding portions 13, 14 is prevented. The transmission of force between the wooden element 3 and the building element 5 is effected by the coupling element 15. The bending moment and lateral force stresses cause mainly tensile and compressive forces F ₁ in the coupling element 15. The tensile force is transferred from the holding section 13 to the holding section 14 by the adjusting element 26. and transmit the pressing force from the timber component 3 to the building element 5 via the contact surfaces 32 and 33. Depending on the rigidity ratio of the fastening means 40 to the fitting 13, 14, a secondary bending moment is decomposed into a force component F ₂ , F ₃ , wherein the tensile component by the / the fastening means 40 and the pressure component through the contact surfaces 30, 31, 32, 33 in the to be connected element (timber component 3, building element 5) are transmitted.

Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the connection system 1. The same components are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals, so that the Figure description of the other figures may be referenced and only the differences are described. The exemplary embodiment shown has on the wood component-side fitting 20 on a third contact surface 34 on which the timber component 3 can rest. In addition, the connection system 1 is wider, so that the stiffening elements 29 are no longer formed in one plane but in a pin-shaped manner in two planes. The releasable attachment is composed here of a plug connection (positive engagement) which provides a support 44, so that the timber component 3 can be mounted with the pre-assembled, wood-frame fitting 20 on the first holding portion 13 to the building-side fitting 19 of the building element 5.

Fig. 5 shows the connection system 1 of Fig. 2 with a timber component 3 and a building element 5 with the intermediate continuous airtight plane, formed from an airtightness element 16 in the region of the coupling element 15 and the building's airtightness layer 17, and the interposed horizontally disposed insulating element 7, and the attachment of any facade element 8. Moreover on the underside of the coupling element 15, the arrangement of a fire protection element 6 is shown.

Fig. 6 shows a variant of the connection system 1 as in Fig. 2 or 4 with the difference that in the connection system 1 the Fig. 2 the first contact surface 32 and the second contact surface 33 of the building-side fitting 19 lie in one plane (β = 180 °).

Fig. 7 shows a very similar connection system 1 as in Fig. 2 or 4 with the difference that in the connection system 1 the Fig. 2 the first contact surface 32 of the building-side fitting 19 and the first contact surface 30 of the wood component side fitting 20 lie in a plane, while in the embodiment of Fig. 7 these two contact surfaces 30, 32 are arranged parallel to one another and have an offset Δh.

Fig. 8 shows a connection systems 1 according to the invention, in which case, in addition to the heat-technical and air-convective decoupling, the possibility is shown how 9 corresponding improvements of sound insulation can be achieved by means of deposits of structure-borne sound insulation elements.

Fig. 9 shows an articulated actuator in three different positions. The actuator has a spherical cap 28 and allows the adjustment of the angle of inclination between building element-side fitting 19 and wood component-side fitting 20 about a formed by Kugelkalotte 27 axis of rotation A.

Fig. 10 describes a building with connection systems 1 according to the invention, wherein different applications are shown. Possibilities for the application are eg balcony fixings, false ceiling fixings, canopy fixings or roof attachments.

Claims (15)

Connection system (1) for connecting a timber component (3) to a building element (5), characterized by
a first holding section (13) for the building element (5),
a second holding section (14) for the timber component (3),
a coupling element (15) which releasably connects the first holding section (13) and the second holding section (14),
wherein the second holding portion (14) (I) a wood component side fitting (20) having a first contact surface (30) for attachment to a first surface of the timber component (3) and (ii) has a second contact surface (31) for a second surface of the timber component (3), wherein the first contact surface (30) of the wood component side fitting (20) and the second contact surface (31) of the second holding portion (14) form an angle (α) different from 180 ° with each other. Connection system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first holding section (13) (I) a building - side fitting (19) having a first contact surface (32) for attachment to a first surface of the building element (5) and (ii) has a second contact surface (32) for a second surface of the building element (5), wherein the first contact surface (32) of the building-side fitting (19) and the second contact surface (33) of the first holding portion (13) enclose an angle (β) different from 180 ° with each other. Connection system according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the angle (α) and / or the angle (β) are approximately between 45 ° and 180 °, preferably about 90 °. Connection system according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the first contact surface (32) of the building side fitting (19) and the first contact surface (30) of the wood component side fitting (20) are arranged substantially parallel to each other or lie substantially in one plane , Connection system according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the second contact surface (31) of the second holding portion (14) and the second contact surface (33) of the first holding portion (13) are arranged substantially parallel to each other. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wooden component-side fitting (20) with the timber component (3) by means of at least one fastening means (40) is connectable and optionally the building-side fitting (19) with the building element (5) by means of at least a fastening means (40) is connectable, wherein preferably the respective fitting (19, 20) fastener guides (41) for the fastening means (40), so that the fastening means in a different angle of 90 ° (y, δ) to the respective contact surface (30 , 31, 32, 33) of the fitting (19, 20) can be introduced. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an adjusting device (26) is provided, with which the inclination angle (ε) between the legs (23a) and (23b) of the coupling element (15) is adjustable. Connection system according to claim 7, characterized in that the adjusting device (26) has an adjusting element (27) with which the distance (d) between the first holding portion (13) and the second holding portion (14) is variable. Connection system according to claim 7 or claim 8, characterized in that the adjusting device (26) has a joint portion with which the inclination angle (ε) is adjustable. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that on the first holding portion (13) an airtightness element (16) is attached to which the building element-side airtightness layer, for example by means of bonding, is connected. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the installed state, the timber component (3) to the building element (5) spaced by a distance D come to rest, so that between the timber component (3) and building element (5) a thermal insulation element (7) and / or another facade element (8) - such as a plaster layer - can be introduced. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that below the coupling element (15) between the first holding portion (13) and the second holding portion (14) a fire protection element (6) is mounted and / or that between the contact surfaces (30, 31, 32, 33) structure-borne sound damping elements (9) are arranged. Connection system according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the installed state, the holding portions (13,14) together with the timber component (3) and the building element (5) represent a composite component, wherein by appropriate arrangement of the fastening elements (40) the contact surfaces (30,31,32,33,43,44) of the power flow over the timber component (3) and building element (5). Timber construction connection (2) comprising
a connection system (1) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the wood component-side fitting (14) and the building element-side fitting (13) are connected to the coupling element (15),
a timber component (3) which is connected to the wood component-side fitting (14) by means of at least one fastening means (40), and
a building element (5) which is connected to the building element-side fitting (13) by means of a fastening means (40). Building with a timber construction arrangement according to claim 14.

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