EP2821561B1 - Wooden structural part and composite wood-concrete structure - Google Patents

Wooden structural part and composite wood-concrete structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2821561B1
EP2821561B1 EP14172074.8A EP14172074A EP2821561B1 EP 2821561 B1 EP2821561 B1 EP 2821561B1 EP 14172074 A EP14172074 A EP 14172074A EP 2821561 B1 EP2821561 B1 EP 2821561B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural part
concrete
wooden structural
recess
wooden
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EP14172074.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2821561A1 (en
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Pape Heinz
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Pape Heinz
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • E04C2/324—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with incisions or reliefs in the surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/122—Laminated
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
    • E04B2005/235—Wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations having a special form
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
    • E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
    • E04B2005/232—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with special provisions for connecting wooden stiffening ribs or other wooden beam-like formations to the concrete slab
    • E04B2005/237—Separate connecting elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wood component for a wood-concrete composite construction, wherein for surface bonding of the wood component with concrete in the composite surface to the concrete at least one engageable with the concrete and / or fillable recess is provided, which for receiving shear forces between concrete and Wooden component has at least one substantially transversely to the composite surface oriented edge.
  • the invention relates to a wood-concrete composite construction of at least one such timber component and a bearing element and a profile insert for a wood-concrete composite construction.
  • Wood-concrete composite structures have long been known from the prior art and consist of wooden elements or wooden components, which are shear-resistant connected to a adjacent to a composite surface of the timber component concrete component. Wood-concrete composite structures are used in the construction industry in particular, where the advantages of the building material wood should be combined with the advantages of the building material concrete. Such a construction is based on the basic idea of assigning the compressive forces to the wood in the composite cross section, above all the tensile forces and the concrete.
  • Wood-concrete composite construction can be used as a supporting and / or raumabumbledes component both in new construction as well as in the upgrading of existing wood or wood material constructions.
  • timber component is to be understood as meaning all load-bearing and / or space-enclosing wooden structures which can be combined with concrete to form a wood-composite construction. These can be both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.
  • the so-called beam construction consisting of a beam layer and possibly arranged thereon wooden formwork, and the so-called board stack construction of juxtaposed standing, nailed or doweled side boards used.
  • cross-plywood or cross-ply constructions are increasingly being used. These are cross-glued layers of boards arranged side by side, similar to the construction of conventional plywood panels. Due to their areal structure, such wooden components are suitable for both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.
  • the recesses preferably so-called cervical, which are filled with concrete or are in engagement with the concrete.
  • the recesses In order to introduce the thrust forces, which run essentially parallel to the composite surface, into the wooden component, the recesses have, as abutments for the concrete, substantially flanks aligned transversely to the composite surface.
  • transverse means not only a flank orientation perpendicular to the composite surface, but also any inclined flank orientation different from 0 ° or 180 °.
  • connection means which are firmly connected on the one hand with the concrete and on the other hand with the wood component.
  • mechanical fasteners such as screws, dowels, nails u.
  • fasteners such as screws, dowels, nails u.
  • For use in the distributed over the wooden component recesses long wood screws or dowels are screwed in, which protrude perpendicular to the composite surface over the wood cross-section and anchor-like with the concrete engaged.
  • composite systems of crossed pairs of screws or dowels inclined at 45 ° to the composite surface are also known.
  • Out DE 298 16 002 U1 is a composite construction in which the simultaneous absorption of shear and shear forces is achieved by a positive connection between concrete and wood.
  • the wood-concrete composite construction in the area of the composite surface reinforced concrete strips, glued profiled slats or milled depressions, which extend transversely to the clamping direction of the composite structure.
  • the strips or recesses have in cross section a conical shape and thus an undercut, which serves to accommodate Querzug practitionern.
  • the EP 1 582 644 A1 relates to a wood-concrete composite construction.
  • the projections extend beyond the wooden part and in the concrete layer.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to improve wood components and wood-concrete composite structures of the type mentioned in that a flat, durable and sustainable bond between concrete and wood can be achieved regardless of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces. Furthermore, the cost and time compared to the known wood-concrete composite structures be further reduced while achieving a high degree of prefabrication.
  • the wooden component is distinguished by the fact that a bearing element made of an elastically deformable material is provided on the at least one edge of the recess oriented essentially transversely to the composite surface.
  • a bearing element made of an elastically deformable material is provided on the flank, ie in that region of the recess in which the pressure forces from the concrete are introduced directly into the timber component , which results in an effective redistribution of shear forces within the timber component.
  • the connecting means in the region of maximum stress, ie in the region of the recesses, can be avoided because the redistribution of the shear forces the load capacity of the wood component is used in otherwise less stressed areas with. Due to the redistribution, furthermore, the arrangement of the recesses can take place independently of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces.
  • the recesses or composite means can be arranged substantially at equal intervals. Since all composite means or recesses experience approximately the same stress through the bearing elements of an elastically deformable material, the computational effort for determining the exact number and distribution of the recesses in a concrete composite construction is significantly reduced. The wood component is therefore universally applicable for various applications and less prone to error in its manufacture. Since, in particular, a differentiated distance arrangement of the composite means over the length of the carrier element is eliminated, a total of a fast and systematic production process can thus be ensured.
  • the bearing element In order to achieve sufficient deformability of the bearing element in the range of normal serviceability of the timber component, the bearing element consists of an elastically deformable material. It is conceivable, for example, an elastomeric plastic, rubber and / or bitumen. By a suitable choice of material, the degree of deformability and thus the degree of redistribution of forces can be specifically influenced. Furthermore, it may be provided that the deformability in the limit state of the load-bearing capacity of the construction passes into a plastic or ductile deformability in order to fully exploit the rearrangement capability.
  • the bearing element may be formed substantially rod, strip, rail-shaped or the like.
  • the bearing element may be formed substantially rod, strip, rail-shaped or the like.
  • the bearing element In order to ensure the scheduled adjustment between concrete and wooden component and thus the redistribution of the longitudinal thrust forces, the bearing element according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention cavities and / or chambers which allow a deformation of the bearing element with a corresponding force.
  • the bearing element with the edge in which the thrust forces are introduced from the concrete into the timber member, firmly connected.
  • the bearing element is glued to the flank, nailed, stapled and / or screwed.
  • other mounting options are conceivable. Accordingly, the bearing elements on the timber component factory pre-assemble, which can increase the degree of prefabrication of wood-concrete composite construction.
  • the at least one recess is formed as Kerve, in particular as milled into the wood component Kerve.
  • the milling of the Kerve allows a particularly simple and fast production of the wood component.
  • the at least one recess for receiving transverse tensile forces between concrete and wooden component at least one, preferably in cross-section wedge-shaped, undercut.
  • the undercut creates a toothing between the wood component and the concrete engaging with the recess, so that a lifting of the concrete from the timber component is avoided.
  • the arrangement described above can for example be achieved in that the two upper layers of the cross-laminated timber are not formed over the entire surface, but that the individual boards are set to gap, so that between the resulting recesses and undercuts concrete can be introduced. Accordingly, the tensile forces resulting from the composite effect can be removed by the teeth of the concrete with the upper board layers.
  • a bearing element of an elastically deformable material is provided on at least one flank of the two upper board layers, preferably on at least one flank of each board of the two layers, so that tensile stresses between concrete and wood cross-section can be evenly distributed to almost all crossed board layers.
  • at least one flank of each board of the two upper layers has a bearing element made of an elastically deformable material, a biaxial load transfer in the wood-concrete composite construction can advantageously be achieved due to the crossed arrangement.
  • At least one recess has a profile insert adapted to its cross section, which preferably lines the recess completely, but at least in the region of the flank, the undercut and / or the bottom.
  • the profile insert adapted to the cross section of the recess can be used to fix the deformable bearing element on the region of the profile insert assigned to the flank. Vorzugsswiese, the profile insert a sufficient rigidity or dimensional stability in order to wear the bearing element can.
  • the profile insert should also be sufficiently flexible or deformable in order to be able to introduce it, if necessary, into undercuts of the recess.
  • the profile insert at least partially covers the composite surface in the edge region of the recess, so that the profile insert is also supported on the composite surface.
  • the profile insert is adapted to the shape, in particular to the cross section of the recess. It is conceivable, for example, that the profile insert is trough-shaped or U-shaped and is inserted from above into the recess or Kerve. Preferably, the profile insert is also adapted to the contour of the example wedge-shaped undercut. The length of the profile insert is also measured advantageously according to the length of the recess or Kerve.
  • the profile insert preferably with bearing element fixed thereto, can already be introduced into the recesses or cages at the factory.
  • the bearing element can be either fixed on the side facing the wood component or on the concrete facing side of the profile insert, in particular glued and / or laminated.
  • the profile insert made of plastic and / or metal.
  • a metal sheet preferably a galvanized sheet steel.
  • these materials can be easily adapted to the shape of the recess.
  • metal sheets advantageously have a sufficient rigidity or dimensional stability for receiving and fixing the bearing element, but are at the same time sufficiently flexible or deformable in order to be able to be introduced into undercut areas, if appropriate.
  • the profile insert is fixed to the wood component, in particular via at least one screw connection.
  • the screw connection if present, preferably takes place in the region of the undercut, so that the undercut is automatically reinforced by the screw connection. Accordingly, it is possible to absorb greater transverse tensile forces via the undercut.
  • screws suffice, for example, short full-thread screws with a length of about 5 cm, which are significantly cheaper than the usual for receiving transverse tensile forces composite screws or dowels with a length of at least 20 cm.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a wood-concrete composite construction with at least one concrete part and at least one timber component according to the invention, wherein the concrete component is engaged with at least one recess in the composite surface of the timber component.
  • the recess has at least one flank aligned essentially transversely to the composite surface.
  • at least one bearing element made of an elastically deformable material is arranged on the at least one flank for redistributing the thrust forces within the timber component.
  • the Fig. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a wood-concrete composite structure 100 according to the invention, which consists of a wooden component 1 and a so that over the composite surface 4 area connected concrete component or concrete 30.
  • the timber component 1 has a plurality of recesses 2, in particular cervicals 3, which are filled with concrete 30 or with which the concrete 30 is engaged.
  • any shear forces between the concrete 30 and the timber component 1 are taken up by the flanks 5 of the recesses 2 which are oriented essentially transversely to the composite surface.
  • a bearing element 10 made of an elastically deformable material is provided on each of the flanks 5.
  • This preferably consists of an elastomeric plastic, whereby between concrete 30 and wooden component 1 a certain, on the material properties of Lagerelements 10 scheduled to be adjusted Verschiebzier.erlabor. This in turn causes an effective redistribution of the thrust forces and thus a uniform stress of the wood cross-section achieved in accordance with the invention.
  • the recesses 2, which in the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 and 2 as in the wood component 1 milled Kerven 3 are formed, regardless of the course of the longitudinal thrust forces can be distributed evenly over the wood cross section.
  • the recesses 2 and 3 cerves each have a wedge-shaped undercut 6 in cross-section. This serves to absorb transverse tensile forces, which result from the composite action between concrete 30 and wooden component 1, so that a lifting of the concrete 30 from the timber component 1 is avoided.
  • the undercuts 6 each show from the two ends of the timber component 1 for reasons of static reasons to its center.
  • the recesses 2 and 3 cerves are in the region of the edge 5, the undercut 6 and the bottom 7 lined with a shape adapted to their profile insert 20, which also the composite surface 4 in the edge region 4a, 4b of the recess 2 at least partially covers.
  • This ensures that the timber component 1 is isolated from the adjacent concrete 30 in the recesses 2, in particular in the areas of the highly absorbent forehead wood, so that the wood can not extract moisture from the concrete 30 when filling the cerverts 3.
  • For the hydration of the cement is thus always sufficient moisture available, so that the concrete 30 on the entire cross section can achieve a sufficiently good quality and in particular locally sufficient pressure and strength properties.
  • the profile insert 20 also serves to fasten or for receiving the bearing element 10. This is the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 and 2 at the the timber component 1 facing side of the profile insert 20, in the region of the edge 5, glued.
  • the profile insert 20 with attached bearing element 10 may be formed in particular as a pre-assembly and accordingly constitutes an independent idea of the invention.
  • this pre-assembly can be inserted in a single operation in the milled canned 3.
  • the insertion into the cervix 3 can be done either at the construction site or already at the factory in the production of the timber component 1, which increases the degree of prefabrication of the composite structure accordingly.
  • the profile insert 20 consists of a galvanized steel sheet, which is adapted in cross section to the contour of the cervix 3.
  • the length of the profile insert 20 corresponds to the length of the recess 2 or Kerve 3.
  • a bearing element 10 In the flank 5 associated region of the profile insert 20 is glued as a bearing element 10, a plastic strip made of an elastomeric polymer. Conceivable, however, are other, in particular mechanical or chemical types of connection, such as screwing, nailing or laminating.
  • the bearing element 10 may be made of other materials, such as rubber or bitumen.
  • rod or strip-shaped bearing elements 10 are conceivable.
  • the deformability of the bearing element 10 can also be realized by means of chambers and cavities within the bearing element 10.
  • the screw 40 is advantageously introduced in the region of the undercut 6 in the timber member 1 and there serves at the same time for fixing the profile insert 20 on the timber member 1 and for receiving the resulting transverse tensile forces.
  • a wooden component 1 without concrete 30 neither screws nor other connecting means emerge from the construction, so that several of these elements can be transported in batches one above the other.
  • such elements can easily be committed to the construction site without the risk that protruding fasteners could break off or be damaged in any other way.
  • there are advantages for the installation of concrete reinforcement This can be easily positioned on the wooden components 1 according to the invention with simple spacers, without a complicated laying around any protruding connecting means around.
  • the 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of a wood-concrete composite construction according to the invention 100.
  • This is based on a timber component 1 in cross-plywood or cross-laminated timber construction, ie a wooden construction with cross-glued boards analogous to the production of a conventional plywood.
  • a timber component 1 in cross-plywood or cross-laminated timber construction ie a wooden construction with cross-glued boards analogous to the production of a conventional plywood.
  • the two upper board layers of the cross-ply wood according to 4 to 6 are not arranged over the entire surface. Rather, the individual boards 8 are set to gap, so that form between the boards 8 and board layers cavities with concrete (not shown here) can be filled. Due to the generated toothing of the concrete with the upper board layer, the tensile forces arising from the composite effect can be effectively removed.
  • the individual boards 8 or board layers are glued or glued together.
  • Conceivable are other means of connection such as screwing or nailing.
  • the boards 8 are correspondingly arranged on at least one longitudinal side of the boards 8 in accordance with the first embodiment Fig. 1 to 3 - Formed bearing elements 10 arranged. Due to the deformability results here also about the material properties of the bearing element adjustable displaceability between concrete and cross laminated wood, so that the shear stress is distributed evenly on almost all crossed board layers.
  • the crosswise arrangement results in addition to the uniform stress of the glue joints 9, the additional advantage of a biaxial load transfer.
  • the tensile forces resulting from the composite action are removed by the toothing of the concrete with the upper board layer.
  • Profile inserts 20 are provided, on which the bearing elements 10 are fixed and which at least partially line or cover the recesses 2.
  • U-shaped profile inserts such as galvanized sheet steel.
  • These can, as far as the topmost board layer is concerned, simply be slipped over the gap-set boards 8 with the U-opening facing downwards.
  • the profile inserts for the second uppermost board layer preferably before the application or gluing of the top board layer, with the U-opening facing up into the gaps formed between the boards 8 inserted.
  • the bearing elements are also various connection means conceivable, such as screw or adhesive or laminating.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Holzbauteil für eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion, wobei zum flächigen Verbinden des Holzbauteils mit Beton in der Verbundfläche zum Beton wenigstens eine mit dem Beton in Eingriff bringbare und/oder verfüllbare Ausnehmung vorgesehen ist, welche zur Aufnahme von Schubkräften zwischen Beton und Holzbauteil wenigsten eine im Wesentlichen quer zur Verbundfläche ausgerichtete Flanke aufweist.The invention relates to a wood component for a wood-concrete composite construction, wherein for surface bonding of the wood component with concrete in the composite surface to the concrete at least one engageable with the concrete and / or fillable recess is provided, which for receiving shear forces between concrete and Wooden component has at least one substantially transversely to the composite surface oriented edge.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion aus wenigstens einem derartigen Holzbauteil sowie ein Lagerelement und eine Profileinlage für eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion.Furthermore, the invention relates to a wood-concrete composite construction of at least one such timber component and a bearing element and a profile insert for a wood-concrete composite construction.

Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktionen sind seit langem aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und bestehen aus Holzelementen bzw. Holzbauteilen, welche mit einem an eine Verbundfläche des Holzbauteils angrenzenden Betonbauteil schubfest verbunden sind. Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktionen werden im Bauwesen insbesondere dort eingesetzt, wo die Vorteile des Bauwerkstoffs Holz mit den Vorteilen des Bauwerkstoffs Beton kombiniert werden sollen. Eine derartige Konstruktion basiert auf der Grundidee, dem Holz im Verbundquerschnitt vor allem die Zugkräfte und dem Beton die Druckkräfte zuzuweisen.Wood-concrete composite structures have long been known from the prior art and consist of wooden elements or wooden components, which are shear-resistant connected to a adjacent to a composite surface of the timber component concrete component. Wood-concrete composite structures are used in the construction industry in particular, where the advantages of the building material wood should be combined with the advantages of the building material concrete. Such a construction is based on the basic idea of assigning the compressive forces to the wood in the composite cross section, above all the tensile forces and the concrete.

Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion können sowohl im Neubau als auch bei der Ertüchtigung bestehender Holz- bzw. Holzwerkstoffkonstruktionen als tragendes und/oder raumabschließendes Bauteil eingesetzt werden.Wood-concrete composite construction can be used as a supporting and / or raumabschließendes component both in new construction as well as in the upgrading of existing wood or wood material constructions.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind unter dem Begriff Holzbauteil sämtliche tragende und/oder raumabschließende Holzkonstruktionen, zu verstehen, die mit Beton zu einer Holz-Verbund-Konstruktion kombiniert werden können. Dies können sowohl decken- als wandbildende Konstruktionen sein.In the context of the present invention, the term timber component is to be understood as meaning all load-bearing and / or space-enclosing wooden structures which can be combined with concrete to form a wood-composite construction. These can be both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.

Bei der Deckenbildung kommen u.a. die sogenannte Balkenbauweise, bestehend aus einer Balkenlage und ggf. darauf angeordneter Holzschalung, und die sogenannte Brettstapelbauweise aus nebeneinander stehend angeordneten, miteinander vernagelten oder verdübelten Seitenbrettern zum Einsatz.In the ceiling formation u.a. the so-called beam construction, consisting of a beam layer and possibly arranged thereon wooden formwork, and the so-called board stack construction of juxtaposed standing, nailed or doweled side boards used.

Darüber hinaus werden vermehrt sogenannte Brettsperrholz- oder Kreuzlagenholz-Konstruktionen verwendet. Dabei handelt es sich um kreuzweise verleimte Lagen aus nebeneinander angeordneten Brettern, ähnlich dem Aufbau üblicher Sperrholzplatten. Aufgrund ihres flächigen Aufbaus eigenen sich derartige Holzbauteile sowohl für decken- als auch wandbildende Konstruktionen.In addition, so-called cross-plywood or cross-ply constructions are increasingly being used. These are cross-glued layers of boards arranged side by side, similar to the construction of conventional plywood panels. Due to their areal structure, such wooden components are suitable for both ceiling and wall-forming constructions.

Um die Vorteile einer Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion ausnutzen zu können, muss sichergestellt sein, dass zwischen dem Holzbauteil und dem Betonbauteil eine dauerhafte Verbindung besteht, so dass sowohl Längs- als auch Querkräfte von dem Verbundelement aufgenommen werden können und das Verbundelement unter allen Belastungssituationen als statische Einheit anzusehen ist.In order to exploit the advantages of a wood-concrete composite construction, it must be ensured that a permanent connection exists between the timber component and the concrete component, so that both longitudinal and lateral forces can be absorbed by the composite element and the composite element under all load situations static unit is to be regarded.

Zur Aufnahme von Schubkräften zwischen Beton- und Holzbauteil ist es aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt, in der Verbundfläche des Holzbauteils Ausnehmungen, vorzugsweise sogenannte Kerven, vorzusehen, die mit Beton verfüllt werden bzw. mit dem Beton in Eingriff stehen. Um die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Verbundfläche verlaufenden Schubkräfte in das Holzbauteil einzuleiten, weisen die Ausnehmungen als Widerlager für den Beton im Wesentlichen quer zur Verbundfläche ausgerichtete Flanken auf. Unter dem Begriff quer ist im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht nur eine zur Verbundfläche senkrechte Flankenausrichtung, sondern auch jede geneigte, von 0° bzw. 180° verschiedene Flankenausrichtung zu verstehen.To absorb shear forces between the concrete and wooden component, it is known from the prior art to provide in the composite surface of the wooden component recesses, preferably so-called cervical, which are filled with concrete or are in engagement with the concrete. In order to introduce the thrust forces, which run essentially parallel to the composite surface, into the wooden component, the recesses have, as abutments for the concrete, substantially flanks aligned transversely to the composite surface. In the context of the present invention, the term transverse means not only a flank orientation perpendicular to the composite surface, but also any inclined flank orientation different from 0 ° or 180 °.

Um ein Abheben der Betonplatte aufgrund des im Bereich der Ausnehmung entstehenden Extensitätsmoments zu verhindern bzw. um Querkräfte zwischen Holz- und Betonbauteil aufzunehmen, sind aus dem Stand der Technik verschiedene Verbindungsmittel bekannt, die einerseits mit dem Beton und andererseits mit dem Holzbauteil fest verbunden sind. Neben Klebeverbindungen kommen vornehmlich mechanische Verbindungsmittel wie Schrauben, Dübel, Nägel u. dgl. zum Einsatz. So werden beispielsweise in die über das Holzbauteil verteilten Ausnehmungen lange Holzschrauben oder -dübel eingedreht, die senkrecht zur Verbundfläche über den Holzquerschnitt hinausragen und ankerartig mit dem Beton in Eingriff stehen. Neben Einzelschrauben und -dübeln sind auch Verbundsysteme aus gekreuzten, gegenüber der Verbundfläche unter 45°geneigten Schrauben- oder Dübelpaaren bekannt.In order to prevent lifting of the concrete slab due to the Extensitätsmoments arising in the region of the recess or to absorb transverse forces between wood and concrete component, are from the prior art Various connection means known, which are firmly connected on the one hand with the concrete and on the other hand with the wood component. In addition to adhesive joints are mainly mechanical fasteners such as screws, dowels, nails u. Like. For use. For example, in the distributed over the wooden component recesses long wood screws or dowels are screwed in, which protrude perpendicular to the composite surface over the wood cross-section and anchor-like with the concrete engaged. In addition to single screws and dowels, composite systems of crossed pairs of screws or dowels inclined at 45 ° to the composite surface are also known.

Ferner ist aus DE 298 24 534 U1 ein Brettstapelelement bekannt, zwischen dessen Lamellen Bleche oder Kanthölzer angeordnet sind, die als Stege in die Betonplatte hineinragen. Der Verbund zwischen Holz und Beton erfolgt über sogenannte Querkräftanker, welche in Aussparungen der Stege eingeschoben werden.Furthermore, it is off DE 298 24 534 U1 a board stack element known between the slats sheets or squared timbers are arranged, which protrude as webs in the concrete slab. The bond between wood and concrete takes place via so-called cross-tie anchors, which are inserted into recesses of the webs.

Derartige Verbindungsmittel gehen jedoch meist mit sehr hohen Herstellungs- und Materialkosten einher und erlauben darüber hinaus nur einen geringen Vorfertigungsgrad. Insbesondere besteht die Gefahr, dass die über das Holzbauteil hinausragenden Verbindungsmittel beim Transport mehrerer übereinander gestapelter Holzelemente beschädigt werden. Auch das Begehen der Holzelemente auf der Baustelle und das Verlegen der Betonbewehrung wird durch die hervorstehenden Verbindungselemente erschwert.However, such fasteners are usually associated with very high manufacturing and material costs and also allow only a low degree of prefabrication. In particular, there is a risk that the connecting means projecting beyond the wooden component will be damaged when transporting a plurality of stacked wooden elements. Even walking the wooden elements on the site and laying the concrete reinforcement is hampered by the protruding fasteners.

Aus DE 298 16 002 U1 ist eine Verbundkonstruktion bekannt, bei der die gleichzeitige Aufnahme von Schub- und Querkräften durch einen Formschluss zwischen Beton und Holz erreicht wird. Hierzu weist die Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion im Bereich der Verbundfläche bewehrte Betonleisten, aufgeleimte Profilholzleisten oder eingefräste Vertiefungen auf, welche quer zur Spannrichtung der Verbundkonstruktion verlaufen. Die Leisten bzw. Vertiefungen weisen im Querschnitt eine konische Form und damit eine Hinterschneidung auf, welche zur Aufnahme von Querzugkräften dient.Out DE 298 16 002 U1 is a composite construction is known in which the simultaneous absorption of shear and shear forces is achieved by a positive connection between concrete and wood. For this purpose, the wood-concrete composite construction in the area of the composite surface reinforced concrete strips, glued profiled slats or milled depressions, which extend transversely to the clamping direction of the composite structure. The strips or recesses have in cross section a conical shape and thus an undercut, which serves to accommodate Querzugkräften.

Alle zuvor genannten Verbindungsmittel haben gemeinsam, dass sie einen starren Verbund zwischen dem Beton- und dem Holzbauteil erzeugen. Als Folge dessen müssen die Stege, Leisten, Ausnehmungen und/oder Verbindungsmittel zur Verankerung des Betons bzw. Fixierung der Leisten und/oder Stege entsprechend der Verbundbeanspruchung, d. h. entsprechend dem Verlauf der Schubkräfte über die Verbundkonstruktion, mit veränderlichen Abständen zueinander angeordnet werden, da andernfalls der Ausnutzungsgrad der Verbundkonstruktion bei einer Anordnung mit konstantem Abstand wesentlich geringer ausfiele. Entsprechend muss die Anordnung der Ausnehmungen und Verbundmittel für jede konkrete Verbundkonstruktion neu berechnet werden. Darüber hinaus grenzt die starre Verbundkonstruktion im Bereich größerer Spannweiten an ihre Leistungsfähigkeit, da das Kraftübertragungspotential im Bereich der Ausnehmungen lokal beschränkt ist.All of the aforementioned connecting means have in common that they produce a rigid bond between the concrete and the wooden component. As a result, the webs, strips, recesses and / or connecting means for anchoring the concrete or fixation of the strips and / or webs according to the composite stress, d. H. be arranged according to the course of the shear forces on the composite structure, with varying distances from each other, otherwise the utilization rate of the composite construction in a configuration with a constant distance would be much lower. Accordingly, the arrangement of the recesses and composites must be recalculated for each concrete composite construction. In addition, the rigid composite construction in the range of larger spans borders on their performance, since the power transmission potential in the region of the recesses is locally limited.

Um zumindest eine äquidistante Anordnung der Profilleisten-Verbindungsmittel unabhängig vom Verlauf der Längsschubkräfte zu ermöglichen, schlägt DE102 54 043 B4 eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion vor, bei der zur Herstellung eines kraftschlüssigen Verbundes profilierte Holzrippen mit einer negativen Flankensteigung, d.h. mit einer Hinterschneidung, an der Verbundfläche zum Beton angeordnet sind, die jedoch im Gegensatz zu den Profilholzleisten in DE 298 16 002 U1 parallel zur Haupttragerichtung des Verbundquerschnittes verlaufen. Zur Fixierung der in den Beton hineinragenden Rippen auf dem Holzbauteil sind stift- oder schraubenförmige Verbindungsmittel oder flächige Verleimungen vorgesehen. Aufgrund des mehrteiligen Aufbaus gestaltet sich der Fertigungs- und Herstellungsaufwand aber auch hier entsprechend aufwendig.In order to allow at least an equidistant arrangement of the profile strip connecting means regardless of the course of the longitudinal thrust forces proposes DE102 54 043 B4 a wood-concrete composite structure, in which profiled for producing a non-positive composite wood ribs with a negative edge slope, ie with an undercut, are arranged on the composite surface to the concrete, but in contrast to the profiled slats in DE 298 16 002 U1 parallel to the main support direction of the composite cross section. For fixing the projecting into the concrete ribs on the wooden component pin or screw-shaped connection means or surface gluing are provided. Due to the multi-part construction of the manufacturing and manufacturing effort but also here correspondingly expensive.

Die EP 1 582 644 A1 betrifft eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion. Um eine möglichst stabile Verbindung zwischen den Materialien Holz und Beton zu gewährleisten, werden in schwalbenschwanzartigen Ausnehmungen des Holzbauteils entsprechend angepasste Verbindungsstücke, z. B. aus Stahlblech, eingefügt, deren Auskragungen über das Holzbauteil hinaus und in die Betonschicht hineinreichen. Dieses Dokument offenbart ein Holzbauteil gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Holz-Beton-Verbindkonstruktion gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 15.The EP 1 582 644 A1 relates to a wood-concrete composite construction. In order to ensure the most stable connection between the materials wood and concrete, in dovetail recesses of the timber component appropriately adapted connectors, z. B. made of sheet steel, inserted, the projections extend beyond the wooden part and in the concrete layer. This document discloses a timber component according to the preamble of claim 1 and a wood-concrete joint construction according to the preamble of claim 15.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es daher, Holzbauteile und Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktionen der eingangs genannten Art dahingehend zu verbessern, dass ein flächiger, dauerhafter und tragfähiger Verbund zwischen Beton und Holz unabhängig vom konkreten Verlauf der Längsschubkräfte erzielt werden kann. Ferner soll der Kosten- und Zeitaufwand gegenüber den bekannten Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktionen weiter reduziert und gleichzeitig ein hoher Vorfertigungsgrad erreicht werden.Object of the present invention is therefore to improve wood components and wood-concrete composite structures of the type mentioned in that a flat, durable and sustainable bond between concrete and wood can be achieved regardless of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces. Furthermore, the cost and time compared to the known wood-concrete composite structures be further reduced while achieving a high degree of prefabrication.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Holzbauteil gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion gemäß Anspruch 15. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindungen sind Gegenstand der jeweiligen Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by a timber component according to claim 1 and a wood-concrete composite construction according to claim 15. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the respective subclaims.

Gemäß der Erfindung zeichnet sich das Holzbauteil dadurch aus, dass an der wenigstens einen im Wesentlichen quer zur Verbundfläche ausgerichteten Flanke der Ausnehmung ein Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material vorgesehen ist. In erfindungsgemäßer Weise wurde erkannt, dass durch ein Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material an der Flanke, d.h. in jenem Bereich der Ausnehmung, in dem die Druckkräfte aus dem Beton unmittelbar in das Holzbauteil eingeleitet werden, eine gewisse Längsverschieblichkeit zwischen Beton und Holzbauteil erzielt werden kann, aus der sich eine effektive Umverteilung der Schubkräfte innerhalb des Holzbauteils ergibt. Insbesondere kann ein Versagen der Verbindungsmittel in den Bereich höchster Beanspruchung, d.h. im Bereich der Ausnehmungen, vermieden werden, da durch die Umverteilung der Schubkräfte die Tragfähigkeit des Holzbauteils in ansonsten weniger beanspruchten Bereichen mit ausgeschöpft wird. Durch die Umverteilung kann ferner die Anordnung der Ausnehmungen unabhängig vom konkreten Verlauf der Längsschubkräfte erfolgen. Insbesondere können die Ausnehmungen bzw. Verbundmittel im Wesentlichen in gleichen Abständen angeordnet werden. Da durch die Lagerelemente aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material alle Verbundmittel bzw. Ausnehmungen die annähernd gleiche Beanspruchung erfahren, wird auch der Rechenaufwand zur Bestimmung der genaue Anzahl und Verteilung der Ausnehmungen bei einer konkreten Verbundkonstruktion erheblich reduziert. Das Holzbauteil ist folglich für verschiedene Anwendungen universell einsetzbar und weniger fehleranfällig in seiner Herstellung. Da insbesondere eine differenzierte Abstandsanordnung der Verbundmittel über die Länge des Trägerelements entfällt, kann somit insgesamt ein schneller und systematischer Produktionsablauf gewährleistet werden.According to the invention, the wooden component is distinguished by the fact that a bearing element made of an elastically deformable material is provided on the at least one edge of the recess oriented essentially transversely to the composite surface. In accordance with the invention, it has been recognized that a certain longitudinal displaceability between the concrete and the wooden component can be achieved by a bearing element of an elastically deformable material on the flank, ie in that region of the recess in which the pressure forces from the concrete are introduced directly into the timber component , which results in an effective redistribution of shear forces within the timber component. In particular, a failure of the connecting means in the region of maximum stress, ie in the region of the recesses, can be avoided because the redistribution of the shear forces the load capacity of the wood component is used in otherwise less stressed areas with. Due to the redistribution, furthermore, the arrangement of the recesses can take place independently of the specific course of the longitudinal thrust forces. In particular, the recesses or composite means can be arranged substantially at equal intervals. Since all composite means or recesses experience approximately the same stress through the bearing elements of an elastically deformable material, the computational effort for determining the exact number and distribution of the recesses in a concrete composite construction is significantly reduced. The wood component is therefore universally applicable for various applications and less prone to error in its manufacture. Since, in particular, a differentiated distance arrangement of the composite means over the length of the carrier element is eliminated, a total of a fast and systematic production process can thus be ensured.

Um eine ausreichende Verformbarkeit des Lagerelements im Bereich der normalen Gebrauchstauglichkeit des Holzbauteils zu erreichen, besteht das Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material. Denkbar ist beispielsweise ein elastomerer Kunststoff, Gummi und/oder Bitumen. Durch eine geeignete Materialauswahl kann der Grad der Verformbarkeit und damit der Grad der Kräfteumverteilung gezielt beeinflusst werden. Desweiteren kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Verformbarkeit im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit der Konstruktion in eine plastische bzw. duktile Verformbarkeit übergeht, um das Umlagerungsvermögen voll auszunutzen.In order to achieve sufficient deformability of the bearing element in the range of normal serviceability of the timber component, the bearing element consists of an elastically deformable material. It is conceivable, for example, an elastomeric plastic, rubber and / or bitumen. By a suitable choice of material, the degree of deformability and thus the degree of redistribution of forces can be specifically influenced. Furthermore, it may be provided that the deformability in the limit state of the load-bearing capacity of the construction passes into a plastic or ductile deformability in order to fully exploit the rearrangement capability.

Je nach Ausgestaltung der Ausnehmung des Holzbauteils kann das Lagerelement im Wesentlichen stab-, streifen-, schienenförmig oder dergleichen ausgebildet sein. So sind als Ausnehmungen etwa eingefräste, quer zur Haupttragerichtung verlaufende Kerven denkbar, an deren Flanken längliche, streifen- oder schienenförmige Lagerelemente, also beispielsweise Schienenprofile aus einem elastomeren Kunststoff oder Bitumenstreifen, angeordnet sind.Depending on the configuration of the recess of the wood component, the bearing element may be formed substantially rod, strip, rail-shaped or the like. Thus, as recesses about milled, transverse to the main support direction Kerven conceivable, on the edges of elongated, strip or rail-shaped bearing elements, so for example rail profiles of an elastomeric plastic or bitumen strips are arranged.

Um die planmäßig einzustellende Verschieblichkeit zwischen Beton- und Holzbauteil und damit die Umverteilung der Längsschubkräfte zu gewährleisten, kann das Lagerelement nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung Hohlräume und/oder Kammern aufweisen, die bei entsprechender Krafteinwirkung eine Verformung des Lagerelementes erlauben.In order to ensure the scheduled adjustment between concrete and wooden component and thus the redistribution of the longitudinal thrust forces, the bearing element according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention cavities and / or chambers which allow a deformation of the bearing element with a corresponding force.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist das Lagerelement mit der Flanke, in die die Schubkräfte aus dem Beton in das Holzbauteil eingeleitet werden, fest verbunden. Vorzugsweise ist das Lagerelement an die Flanke geklebt, genagelt, geklammert und/oder geschraubt. Selbstverständlich sind auch andere Befestigungsvarianten denkbar. Entsprechend lassen sich die Lagerelemente am Holzbauteil werksseitig vormontieren, wodurch sich der Vorfertigungsgrad der Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion erhöhen lässt.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the bearing element with the edge, in which the thrust forces are introduced from the concrete into the timber member, firmly connected. Preferably, the bearing element is glued to the flank, nailed, stapled and / or screwed. Of course, other mounting options are conceivable. Accordingly, the bearing elements on the timber component factory pre-assemble, which can increase the degree of prefabrication of wood-concrete composite construction.

Da das Lagerelement an der Flanke und damit innerhalb der Ausnehmung angeordnet ist, stehen keine Verbindungsmittel über das Holzbauteil hinaus, so dass ein Transport mehrerer übereinander gestapelter Holzbauteile problemlos möglich ist.Since the bearing element is arranged on the flank and thus within the recess, there are no connecting means beyond the wooden component, so that a transport of several stacked wooden components is easily possible.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist die wenigstens eine Ausnehmung als Kerve, insbesondere als in das Holzbauteil eingefräste Kerve ausgebildet. Das Einfräsen der Kerve erlaubt eine besonders einfache und schnelle Fertigung des Holzbauteils.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one recess is formed as Kerve, in particular as milled into the wood component Kerve. The milling of the Kerve allows a particularly simple and fast production of the wood component.

Alternativ können nach einer weiter vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an der Verbundfläche zum Beton wenigstens zwei seitlich beabstandete, vorzugsweise aufgeleimte und/oder aufgeschraubte und/oder aufgenagelte Stege, Leisten, Latten, Bretter oder dergleichen vorgesehen sein, zwischen denen die wenigstens eine Ausnehmung gebildet ist. Zur Fixierung der Stege, Leisten, Latten, Bretter und dergleichen sind beispielsweise Schraub-, Nagel-, oder Leimverbindungen denkbar.Alternatively, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention on the composite surface to the concrete at least two laterally spaced, preferably glued and / or screwed and / or nailed webs, strips, slats, boards or the like may be provided, between which the at least one recess is formed. For fixing the webs, strips, slats, boards and the like, for example, screw, nail or glue connections are conceivable.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist die wenigstens eine Ausnehmung zur Aufnahme von Querzugkräften zwischen Beton und Holzbauteil wenigstens eine, vorzugsweise im Querschnitt keilförmige, Hinterschneidung auf. Durch die Hinterschneidung entsteht eine Verzahnung zwischen dem Holzbauteil und dem mit der Ausnehmung in Eingriff stehenden Beton, so dass ein Abheben des Betons vom Holzbauteil vermieden wird.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one recess for receiving transverse tensile forces between concrete and wooden component at least one, preferably in cross-section wedge-shaped, undercut. The undercut creates a toothing between the wood component and the concrete engaging with the recess, so that a lifting of the concrete from the timber component is avoided.

Um eine Kombinationswirkung zur Aufnahme von Schub- und Querzugskräften zwischen Beton und Holzbauteil zu erreichen, sind nach einer weiter vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung an der Verbundfläche zum Beton wenigstens zwei kreuzweise aufeinander angeordnete Lagen aus jeweils wenigstens zwei seitlich zueinander beabstandeten, vorzugsweise aufgeleimten und/oder aufgeschraubten und/oder aufgenagelten Stegen, Leisten, Latten, Bretter oder dergleichen vorgesehen, zwischen denen wenigstens eine Ausnehmung gebildet ist. Durch diese Anordnung ergeben sich zwischen den kreuzweise angeordneten Lagen aus zueinander beabstandeten Brettern gleichzeitig auch Hinterschneidungen. Ein derartiger Aufbau eignet sich bevorzugt bei Verwendung von sogenannten Brettsperrholz- bzw. Kreuzlagenholz-Konstruktionen. Dabei handelt es sich um kreuzweise verleimte Bretter analog der Herstellung eines üblichen Sperrholzes. Die zuvor beschriebene Anordnung kann beispielsweise dadurch erreicht werden, dass die beiden oberen Lagen des Brettsperrholzes nicht vollflächig ausgebildet sind, sondern dass die einzelnen Bretter auf Lücke gesetzt sind, so dass zwischen die entstehenden Ausnehmungen und Hinterschneidungen Beton eingebracht werden kann. Entsprechend können die aus der Verbundwirkung entstehenden Zugkräfte durch die Verzahnung des Betons mit der oberen Brettlagen abgetragen werden.In order to achieve a combination effect for absorbing shear and transverse pulling forces between concrete and wooden component, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention at the composite surface to concrete at least two layers arranged crosswise from each other at least two laterally spaced apart, preferably glued and / or screwed and / or nailed bars, strips, slats, boards or the like provided between which at least one recess is formed. By this arrangement arise between the crosswise arranged layers of spaced boards at the same time also undercuts. Such a structure is preferably suitable when using so-called cross-plywood or cross-ply constructions. These are cross-laminated boards analogous to the production of a conventional plywood. The arrangement described above can for example be achieved in that the two upper layers of the cross-laminated timber are not formed over the entire surface, but that the individual boards are set to gap, so that between the resulting recesses and undercuts concrete can be introduced. Accordingly, the tensile forces resulting from the composite effect can be removed by the teeth of the concrete with the upper board layers.

Um eine Überbeanspruchung der Verbindungsstelle zwischen den oberen Brettlagen und dem übrigen Holzbauteilquerschnitt zu vermeiden, ist an wenigstens einer Flanke der beiden oberen Brettlagen, vorzugsweise an wenigstens einer Flanke eines jeden Brettes der beiden Lagen, ein Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material vorgesehen, so dass Zugbeanspruchungen zwischen Beton und Holzquerschnitt auf annähernd alle gekreuzten Brettlagen gleichmäßig verteilt werden können. Insbesondere dann, wenn wenigstens eine Flanke eines jeden Brettes der beiden oberen Lagen ein Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material aufweist, kann aufgrund der gekreuzten Anordnung in vorteilhafter Weise ein zweiachsiger Lastabtrag in der Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion erzielt werden.In order to avoid overstressing the joint between the upper board layers and the remaining timber component cross-section, a bearing element of an elastically deformable material is provided on at least one flank of the two upper board layers, preferably on at least one flank of each board of the two layers, so that tensile stresses between concrete and wood cross-section can be evenly distributed to almost all crossed board layers. In particular, if at least one flank of each board of the two upper layers has a bearing element made of an elastically deformable material, a biaxial load transfer in the wood-concrete composite construction can advantageously be achieved due to the crossed arrangement.

Nach einer weiter vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist wenigstens eine Ausnehmung eine an ihren Querschnitt angepasste Profileinlage auf, die die Ausnehmung vorzugsweise vollständig, wenigstens jedoch im Bereich der Flanke, der Hinterschneidung und/oder des Bodens auskleidet. In vorteilhafter Weise kann die an den Querschnitt der Ausnehmung angepasste Profileinlage dazu genutzt werden, um an dem der Flanke zugeordneten Bereich der Profileinlage das verformbare Lagerelement festzulegen. Vorzugswiese weist die Profileinlage eine ausreichende Steifigkeit oder Formbeständigkeit auf, um das Lagerelement tragen zu können. Die Profileinlage sollte aber umgekehrt auch noch ausreichend flexibel oder verformbar sein, um sie ggf. in Hinterschneidungen der Ausnehmung einführen zu können.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, at least one recess has a profile insert adapted to its cross section, which preferably lines the recess completely, but at least in the region of the flank, the undercut and / or the bottom. In an advantageous manner, the profile insert adapted to the cross section of the recess can be used to fix the deformable bearing element on the region of the profile insert assigned to the flank. Vorzugsswiese, the profile insert a sufficient rigidity or dimensional stability in order to wear the bearing element can. Conversely, the profile insert should also be sufficiently flexible or deformable in order to be able to introduce it, if necessary, into undercuts of the recess.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Profileinlage die Verbundfläche im Randbereich der Ausnehmung zumindest teilweise abdeckt, so dass sich die Profileinlage auch auf der Verbundfläche abstützt.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that the profile insert at least partially covers the composite surface in the edge region of the recess, so that the profile insert is also supported on the composite surface.

Durch das Auskleiden der Ausnehmung mit der Profileinlage wird ferner erreicht, dass die Holzoberflächen im Bereich der Ausnehmung, insbesondere relativ stark saugende Stirnholzbereiche von dem sonst unmittelbar angrenzenden Beton isoliert werden. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass dem beim Verfüllen der Ausnehmung frisch eingebrachten Beton durch das Holz Feuchtigkeit entzogen wird, die für den Abbindeprozess und folglich für eine gute Betonqualität unabdingbar ist, da andernfalls lokale Festigkeitsverluste drohen. Bei den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktionen mit Kerven bzw. Ausnehmungen wird die Saugwirkung des Stirnholzes dadurch vermieden, dass eine Folie oder eine zusätzliche, dickflüssige Betonschlempe in die Ausnehmungen eingebracht werden. Durch die Profileinlage kann dieser Arbeitsgang und der entsprechende Materialaufwand eingespart werden.By lining the recess with the profile insert is further achieved that the wood surfaces in the region of the recess, in particular relatively strong absorbent end grain areas are isolated from the otherwise immediately adjacent concrete. This prevents the freshly introduced during filling of the recess concrete is deprived of moisture by the wood, which is essential for the setting process and therefore for a good quality concrete, otherwise threaten local strength losses. In the known from the prior art wood-concrete composite constructions with Kerven or recesses, the suction effect of the end wood is thereby avoided that a film or an additional, viscous concrete vat are introduced into the recesses. Through the profile insert this operation and the corresponding cost of materials can be saved.

In vorteilhafter Weise ist die Profileinlage an die Form, insbesondere an den Querschnitt der Ausnehmung angepasst. Denkbar ist beispielsweise, dass die Profileinlage wannenförmig bzw. U-förmig ausgebildet ist und von oben in die Ausnehmung bzw. Kerve eingelegt wird. Vorzugsweise ist die Profileinlage auch an die Kontur der beispielsweise keilförmigen Hinterschneidung angepasst. Die Länge der Profileinlage bemisst sich ebenfalls in vorteilhafter Weise nach der Länge der Ausnehmung bzw. Kerve.Advantageously, the profile insert is adapted to the shape, in particular to the cross section of the recess. It is conceivable, for example, that the profile insert is trough-shaped or U-shaped and is inserted from above into the recess or Kerve. Preferably, the profile insert is also adapted to the contour of the example wedge-shaped undercut. The length of the profile insert is also measured advantageously according to the length of the recess or Kerve.

Um den Vorfertigungsgrad der Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion zu steigern, können die Profileinlage, vorzugsweise mit daran festgelegtem Lagerelement, bereits werksseitig in die Ausnehmungen bzw. Kerven eingebracht werden.In order to increase the degree of prefabrication of the wood-concrete composite construction, the profile insert, preferably with bearing element fixed thereto, can already be introduced into the recesses or cages at the factory.

Für die oben beschriebenen Kreuzlagenholz- bzw. Brettsperrholz-Konstruktionen eignen sich vorteilhaft ebenfalls an die Brettbreite und -länge angepasste, U-förmige Profileinlagen. Diese können etwa, was die oberste Brettlage betrifft, in einfacher Weise mit der U-Öffnung nach unten weisend über die auf Lücke gesetzten Bretter gestülpt werden können. Entsprechend werden die Profileinlagen für die zweitoberste Brettlage mit der U-Öffnung nach oben weisend, vorzugsweise vor dem Aufbringen bzw. Aufleimen der obersten Brettlage, in die von den Brettlücken gebildeten Ausnehmungen eingelegt.For the above-described Kreuzlagenholz- or cross-plywood constructions are also advantageously adapted to the board width and length, U-shaped profile inserts. These can, for example, in a simple way, with the U-opening facing downwards, placed over the boards placed on the gap. Accordingly, the profile inserts for the second uppermost board position with the U-opening pointing upwards, preferably before applying or gluing the top board layer, inserted into the recesses formed by the board gaps.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Lagerelement entweder auf der dem Holzbauteil zugewandten Seite oder auf der dem Beton zugewandten Seite der Profileinlage festgelegt, insbesondere festgeklebt und/oder aufkaschiert sein.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bearing element can be either fixed on the side facing the wood component or on the concrete facing side of the profile insert, in particular glued and / or laminated.

Bevorzugt besteht die Profileinlage aus Kunststoff und/oder Metall. Denkbar ist beispielsweise ein Metallblech, vorzugsweise ein verzinktes Stahlblech. Neben den geringen Materialkosten lassen sich diese Materialien sehr einfach an die Form der Ausnehmung anpassen. Ferner weisen Metallbleche in vorteilhafter Weise eine ausreichende Steifigkeit bzw. Formfestigkeit zum Aufnehmen und Festlegen des Lagerelementes auf, sind aber gleichzeitig hinreichend flexibel bzw. verformbar, um ggf. in Hinterschneidungsbereiche eingeführt werden zu können.Preferably, the profile insert made of plastic and / or metal. It is conceivable, for example, a metal sheet, preferably a galvanized sheet steel. In addition to the low material costs, these materials can be easily adapted to the shape of the recess. Furthermore, metal sheets advantageously have a sufficient rigidity or dimensional stability for receiving and fixing the bearing element, but are at the same time sufficiently flexible or deformable in order to be able to be introduced into undercut areas, if appropriate.

Weiterhin denkbar ist, dass die Profileinlage an dem Holzbauteil festgelegt ist, insbesondere über wenigstens eine Schraubverbindung. Bevorzugt erfolgt die Schraubverbindung, sofern vorhanden, im Bereich der Hinterschneidung, so dass die Hinterschneidung durch die Schraubverbindung automatisch mitverstärkt wird. Entsprechend lassen sich über die Hinterschneidung größere Querzugkräfte aufnehmen. Als Schrauben genügen beispielsweise kurze Vollgewindeschrauben mit einer Länge von etwa 5 cm, welche deutlich günstiger sind als die zur Aufnahme von Querzugkräften sonst üblichen Verbundschrauben oder -dübel mit einer Länge von mindestens 20 cm.It is further conceivable that the profile insert is fixed to the wood component, in particular via at least one screw connection. The screw connection, if present, preferably takes place in the region of the undercut, so that the undercut is automatically reinforced by the screw connection. Accordingly, it is possible to absorb greater transverse tensile forces via the undercut. As screws suffice, for example, short full-thread screws with a length of about 5 cm, which are significantly cheaper than the usual for receiving transverse tensile forces composite screws or dowels with a length of at least 20 cm.

Ein weiterer Gedanke der Erfindung betrifft eine Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion mit wenigstens einem Betonteil und wenigstens einem erfindungsgemäßen Holzbauteil, wobei das Betonbauteil mit wenigstens einer Ausnehmung in der Verbundfläche des Holzbauteils in Eingriff steht. Zur Aufnahme von Schubkräften zwischen Beton und Holzbauteil weist die Ausnehmung wenigstens eine im Wesentlichen quer zur Verbundfläche ausgerichtete Flanke auf. Gemäß der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass zur Umverteilung der Schubkräfte innerhalb des Holzbauteils an der wenigstens einen Flanke wenigstens ein Lagerelement aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material angeordnet ist.Another aspect of the invention relates to a wood-concrete composite construction with at least one concrete part and at least one timber component according to the invention, wherein the concrete component is engaged with at least one recess in the composite surface of the timber component. In order to absorb shear forces between the concrete and the wooden component, the recess has at least one flank aligned essentially transversely to the composite surface. According to the invention, it is provided that at least one bearing element made of an elastically deformable material is arranged on the at least one flank for redistributing the thrust forces within the timber component.

Weitere Ziele, Vorteile, Merkmale und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles anhand der Zeichnung.Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion,
Fig. 2
eine Detailansicht des Querschnitts gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 3
eine isometrische Ansicht der Profileinlage der Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion gemäß Fig. 1,
Fig. 4
eine isometrische Ansicht eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion ohne Beton,
Fig. 5
einen Querschnitt durch die Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion gemäß Fig. 4, und
Fig. 6
einen Längsschnitt durch die Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion gemäß Fig. 4.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a cross section through a first embodiment of a wood-concrete composite construction according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a detailed view of the cross section according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 3
an isometric view of the profile insert of the wood-concrete composite construction according to Fig. 1 .
Fig. 4
an isometric view of a second embodiment of a wood-concrete composite construction according to the invention without concrete,
Fig. 5
a cross section through the wood-concrete composite construction according to Fig. 4 , and
Fig. 6
a longitudinal section through the wood-concrete composite construction according to Fig. 4 ,

Die Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion 100, welche aus einem Holzbauteil 1 und einem damit über die Verbundfläche 4 flächig verbundenen Betonbauteil bzw. Beton 30 besteht. Zur Aufnahme von Zugkräften weist das Holzbauteil 1 mehrere Ausnehmungen 2, insbesondere Kerven 3, auf, die mit Beton 30 verfüllt sind bzw. mit denen der Beton 30 in Eingriff steht. Dabei werden etwaige Schubkräfte zwischen Beton 30 und Holzbauteil 1 von den im Wesentlichen quer zur Verbundfläche ausgerichteten Flanken 5 der Ausnehmungen 2 aufgenommen.The Fig. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a wood-concrete composite structure 100 according to the invention, which consists of a wooden component 1 and a so that over the composite surface 4 area connected concrete component or concrete 30. To absorb tensile forces, the timber component 1 has a plurality of recesses 2, in particular cervicals 3, which are filled with concrete 30 or with which the concrete 30 is engaged. In this case, any shear forces between the concrete 30 and the timber component 1 are taken up by the flanks 5 of the recesses 2 which are oriented essentially transversely to the composite surface.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist an jeder der Flanken 5 ein Lagerelement 10 aus einem elastisch verformbaren Material vorgesehen. Dieses besteht vorzugsweise aus einem elastomeren Kunststoff, wodurch sich zwischen Beton 30 und Holzbauteil 1 eine gewisse, über die Materialeigenschaften des Lagerelements 10 planmäßig einzustellende Verschieblichkeit.ergibt. Diese wiederum bewirkt in erfindungsgemäßer Weise eine effektive Umverteilung der Schubkräfte und damit eine gleichmäßige Beanspruchung des Holzquerschnittes erreicht. Ferner wird erreicht, dass die Ausnehmungen 2, welche im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 als in das Holzbauteil 1 eingefräste Kerven 3 ausgebildet sind, unabhängig vom Verlauf der Längsschubkräfte gleichmäßig über den Holzquerschnitt verteilt werden können.According to the invention, a bearing element 10 made of an elastically deformable material is provided on each of the flanks 5. This preferably consists of an elastomeric plastic, whereby between concrete 30 and wooden component 1 a certain, on the material properties of Lagerelements 10 scheduled to be adjusted Verschieblichkeit.ergibt. This in turn causes an effective redistribution of the thrust forces and thus a uniform stress of the wood cross-section achieved in accordance with the invention. Furthermore, it is achieved that the recesses 2, which in the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 and 2 as in the wood component 1 milled Kerven 3 are formed, regardless of the course of the longitudinal thrust forces can be distributed evenly over the wood cross section.

Da durch die ve.rformbaren Lagerelemente alle Verbundmittel bzw. Ausnehmungen 2 die annähernd gleiche Beanspruchung erfahren, wird auch der Rechenaufwand zur Bestimmung der genauen Anzahl und Verteilung der Ausnehmungen 2 bei der konkreten Verbundkonstruktion erheblich reduziert. Das Holzbauteil 1 ist folglich für verschiedene Anwendungen universell einsetzbar und weniger fehleranfällig in seiner Herstellung.Since by the ve.rformbaren bearing elements all composite means or recesses 2 experience the approximately same stress, and the computational effort to determine the exact number and distribution of the recesses 2 in the concrete composite construction is significantly reduced. The wooden component 1 is thus universally applicable for various applications and less prone to error in its production.

Darüber hinaus weisen die Ausnehmungen 2 bzw. Kerven 3 jeweils eine im Querschnitt keilförmige Hinterschneidung 6 auf. Diese dient zur Aufnahme von Querzugkräften, die aus der Verbundwirkung zwischen Beton 30 und Holzbauteil 1 resultieren, so dass ein Abheben des Betons 30 vom Holzbauteil 1 vermieden wird. Die Hinterschneidungen 6 zeigen jeweils von den beiden Enden des Holzbauteils 1 ausgesehen aus statischen Gründen zu dessen Mitte hin.In addition, the recesses 2 and 3 cerves each have a wedge-shaped undercut 6 in cross-section. This serves to absorb transverse tensile forces, which result from the composite action between concrete 30 and wooden component 1, so that a lifting of the concrete 30 from the timber component 1 is avoided. The undercuts 6 each show from the two ends of the timber component 1 for reasons of static reasons to its center.

Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, sind die Ausnehmungen 2 bzw. Kerven 3 im Bereich der Flanke 5, der Hinterschneidung 6 und des Bodens 7 mit einer an ihre Form angepassten Profileinlage 20 ausgekleidet, welche ebenfalls die Verbundfläche 4 im Randbereich 4a, 4b der Ausnehmung 2 zumindest teilweise abdeckt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass das Holzbauteil 1 in den Ausnehmungen 2, insbesondere in den Bereichen des stark saugenden Stirnholzes, von dem angrenzenden Beton 30 isoliert ist, so dass das Holz dem Beton 30 beim Ausfüllen der Kerven 3 keine Feuchtigkeit entzieht kann. Für die Hydratation des Zementes ist somit stets ausreichend Feuchtigkeit vorhanden, so dass der Beton 30 über den gesamten Querschnitt eine ausreichend gute Qualität und insbesondere lokal ausreichende Druck- und Festigkeitseigenschaften erzielen kann.In particular Fig. 2 can be seen, the recesses 2 and 3 cerves are in the region of the edge 5, the undercut 6 and the bottom 7 lined with a shape adapted to their profile insert 20, which also the composite surface 4 in the edge region 4a, 4b of the recess 2 at least partially covers. This ensures that the timber component 1 is isolated from the adjacent concrete 30 in the recesses 2, in particular in the areas of the highly absorbent forehead wood, so that the wood can not extract moisture from the concrete 30 when filling the cerverts 3. For the hydration of the cement is thus always sufficient moisture available, so that the concrete 30 on the entire cross section can achieve a sufficiently good quality and in particular locally sufficient pressure and strength properties.

Wie insbesondere Fig. 3 zu entnehmen ist, dient die Profileinlage 20 ferner zum Befestigen bzw. zur Aufnahme des Lagerelementes 10. Dieses ist beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 1 und 2 an der dem Holzbauteil 1 zugewandten Seite der Profileinlage 20, im Bereich der Flanke 5, festgeklebt.In particular Fig. 3 can be seen, the profile insert 20 also serves to fasten or for receiving the bearing element 10. This is the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 and 2 at the the timber component 1 facing side of the profile insert 20, in the region of the edge 5, glued.

Die Profileinlage 20 mit daran befestigtem Lagerelement 10 kann insbesondere als Vormontageeinheit ausgebildet sein und stellt entsprechend einen unabhängigen Gedanken der Erfindung dar. In vorteilhafter Weise kann diese Vormontageeinheit in einem Arbeitsgang in die ausgefrästen Kerven 3 eingelegt werden. Das Einlegen in die Kerven 3 kann entweder auf der Baustelle oder bereits werksseitig bei der Herstellung des Holzbauteils 1 erfolgen, wodurch sich der Vorfertigungsgrad der Verbundkonstruktion entsprechend erhöht.The profile insert 20 with attached bearing element 10 may be formed in particular as a pre-assembly and accordingly constitutes an independent idea of the invention. Advantageously, this pre-assembly can be inserted in a single operation in the milled canned 3. The insertion into the cervix 3 can be done either at the construction site or already at the factory in the production of the timber component 1, which increases the degree of prefabrication of the composite structure accordingly.

Bei dem vorliegenden ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 besteht die Profileinlage 20 aus einem verzinkten Stahlblech, das im Querschnitt der Kontur der Kerven 3 angepasst ist. In Längserstreckung entspricht die Länge der Profileinlage 20 der Länge der Ausnehmung 2 bzw. Kerve 3. In dem der Flanke 5 zugeordneten Bereich der Profileinlage 20 ist als Lagerelement 10 eine Kunststoffleiste aus einem elastomeren Polymer festgeklebt. Denkbar sind aber auch andere, insbesondere mechanische oder chemische, Verbindungsarten, etwa Verschrauben, Nageln oder Aufkaschieren.In the present first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 to 3 the profile insert 20 consists of a galvanized steel sheet, which is adapted in cross section to the contour of the cervix 3. In the longitudinal extent, the length of the profile insert 20 corresponds to the length of the recess 2 or Kerve 3. In the flank 5 associated region of the profile insert 20 is glued as a bearing element 10, a plastic strip made of an elastomeric polymer. Conceivable, however, are other, in particular mechanical or chemical types of connection, such as screwing, nailing or laminating.

Neben verzinktem Stahlblech sind selbstverständlich aber auch andere Materialien für die Profileinlage 20 denkbar, etwa Kunststoff oder andere Metallbleche. Auch das Lagerelement 10 kann aus anderen Materialien hergestellt sein, beispielsweise Gummi oder Bitumen. Neben der Leistenform sind desweiteren schienen-, stab- oder streifenförmige Lagerelemente 10 denkbar. Ferner kann die Verformbarkeit des Lagerelements 10 auch durch Kammern und Hohlräume innerhalb des Lagerelementes 10 realisiert werden.In addition to galvanized steel sheet but other materials for the profile insert 20 are of course conceivable, such as plastic or other metal sheets. Also, the bearing element 10 may be made of other materials, such as rubber or bitumen. In addition to the strip shape further rail, rod or strip-shaped bearing elements 10 are conceivable. Furthermore, the deformability of the bearing element 10 can also be realized by means of chambers and cavities within the bearing element 10.

Um den Holzquerschnitt im Bereich der Ausnehmung lokal zu verstärken, können zusätzliche Schrauben 40 o. dgl. Befestigungsmittel in das Holz eingebracht werden. Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 zu entnehmen ist, ist die Schraube 40 vorteilhaft im Bereich der Hinterschneidung 6 in das Holzbauteil 1 eingebracht und dient dort gleichzeitig zur Fixierung der Profileinlage 20 am Holzbauteil 1 und zur Aufnahme der resultierenden Querzugkräfte.In order to strengthen the wood cross section locally in the region of the recess, additional screws 40 or the like may be introduced into the wood. In particular Fig. 2 can be seen, the screw 40 is advantageously introduced in the region of the undercut 6 in the timber member 1 and there serves at the same time for fixing the profile insert 20 on the timber member 1 and for receiving the resulting transverse tensile forces.

Das Holzbauteil 1 mit eingebrachter Profileinlage 20 und daran festgelegtem Lagerelement 10, gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 und 2, bietet weiterhin Vorteile, was den Transport angeht. So stehen bei einem derartigen Holzbauteil 1, ohne Beton 30, weder Schrauben noch sonstige Verbindungsmittel aus der Konstruktion hervor, so dass mehrere dieser Elemente stapelweise übereinander transportiert werden können. Außerdem können derartige Elemente problemlos auf der Baustelle begangen werden, ohne dass die Gefahr besteht, dass hervorstehende Verbindungsmittel abbrechen oder in sonstiger Weise beschädigt werden könnten. Weiterhin ergeben sich Vorteile für das Verlegen der Betonbewehrung. Diese kann auf den erfindungsgemäßen Holzbauteilen 1 mit einfachen Abstandhaltern problemlos positioniert werden, ohne ein aufwendiges Verlegen um etwaige hervorstehende Verbindungsmittel herum.The timber component 1 with incorporated profile insert 20 and bearing element 10 fixed thereto, according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG Fig. 1 and 2 , continues to offer benefits in terms of transportation. Thus, in such a wooden component 1, without concrete 30, neither screws nor other connecting means emerge from the construction, so that several of these elements can be transported in batches one above the other. In addition, such elements can easily be committed to the construction site without the risk that protruding fasteners could break off or be damaged in any other way. Furthermore, there are advantages for the installation of concrete reinforcement. This can be easily positioned on the wooden components 1 according to the invention with simple spacers, without a complicated laying around any protruding connecting means around.

Die Fig. 4 bis 6 zeigen ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Holz-Beton-Verbundkonstruktion 100. Diese basiert auf einem Holzbauteil 1 in Brettsperrholz- bzw. Kreuzlagenholzbauweise, also einer Holzkonstruktion mit kreuzweise verleimten Brettern analog der Herstellung eines üblichen Sperrholzes. Mit der hier gezeigten Konstruktion lässt sich vorteilhaft eine Kombinationswirkung zur Aufnahme von Schub- und Querzugskräften erreichen lässt.The 4 to 6 show a second embodiment of a wood-concrete composite construction according to the invention 100. This is based on a timber component 1 in cross-plywood or cross-laminated timber construction, ie a wooden construction with cross-glued boards analogous to the production of a conventional plywood. With the construction shown here can be advantageously a combination effect for receiving shear and Querzugskräften can be achieved.

Zur Bildung von Ausnehmungen 2 und entsprechenden Hinterschneidungen 6 sind die beiden oberen Brettlagen des Kreuzlagenholzes gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 nicht vollflächig angeordnet. Vielmehr sind die einzelnen Bretter 8 auf Lücke gesetzt, so dass sich zwischen den Brettern 8 bzw. Brettlagen Hohlräume bilden, die mit Beton (hier nicht dargestellt) verfüllt werden können. Durch die dabei erzeugte Verzahnung des Betons mit der oberen Brettlage können die aus der Verbundwirkung entstehenden Zugkräfte effektiv abgetragen werden.To form recesses 2 and corresponding undercuts 6, the two upper board layers of the cross-ply wood according to 4 to 6 not arranged over the entire surface. Rather, the individual boards 8 are set to gap, so that form between the boards 8 and board layers cavities with concrete (not shown here) can be filled. Due to the generated toothing of the concrete with the upper board layer, the tensile forces arising from the composite effect can be effectively removed.

Beim vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 4 bis 6 sind die einzelnen Bretter 8 bzw. Brettlagen miteinander verleimt bzw. verklebt. Denkbar sind aber auch andere Verbindungsmittel wie beispielsweise Verschraubungen oder Vernagelungen.According to the present embodiment 4 to 6 the individual boards 8 or board layers are glued or glued together. Conceivable, however, are other means of connection such as screwing or nailing.

Um aufgrund der Verbundwirkung keine Überbeanspruchung der Klebefuge 9 zwischen den Bretter 8 der beiden oberen Lagen und dem übrigen Querschnitt zu erzeugen, sind an wenigstens einer Längsseite der Bretter 8 - entsprechend den Kervenflanken 5 beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 1 bis 3 - verformbare Lagerelemente 10 angeordnet. Durch die Verformbarkeit ergibt sich auch hier eine etwa über die Materialeigenschaften des Lagerelements einstellbare Verschieblichkeit zwischen Beton und Kreuzlagenholz, so dass die Schubbeanspruchung auf annähernd alle gekreuzten Brettlagen gleichmäßig verteilt wird. Durch die kreuzweise Anordnung ergibt sich neben der gleichmäßigen Beanspruchung der Leimfugen 9 der zusätzliche Vorteil eines zweiachsigen Lastabtrags. Zudem werden - wie bereits oben erläutert - die aus der Verbundwirkung entstehenden Zugkräfte durch die Verzahnung des Betons mit der oberen Brettlage abgetragen.In order to avoid overstressing the glued joint 9 between the boards 8 of the two upper layers and the rest of the cross section due to the bonding effect, the boards 8 are correspondingly arranged on at least one longitudinal side of the boards 8 in accordance with the first embodiment Fig. 1 to 3 - Formed bearing elements 10 arranged. Due to the deformability results here also about the material properties of the bearing element adjustable displaceability between concrete and cross laminated wood, so that the shear stress is distributed evenly on almost all crossed board layers. The crosswise arrangement results in addition to the uniform stress of the glue joints 9, the additional advantage of a biaxial load transfer. In addition, as already explained above, the tensile forces resulting from the composite action are removed by the toothing of the concrete with the upper board layer.

Auch bei dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 4 bis 6 sind Profileinlagen 20 vorgesehen, an denen die Lagerelemente 10 befestigt sind und die die Ausnehmungen 2 zumindest teilweise auskleiden bzw. abdecken.Also in the second embodiment according to the 4 to 6 Profile inserts 20 are provided, on which the bearing elements 10 are fixed and which at least partially line or cover the recesses 2.

Für die Kreuzlagenholz-Konstruktionen gemäß den Fig. 4 bis 6 eignen sich vorteilhaft an die Brettbreite und -länge angepasste, U-förmige Profileinlagen, etwa aus verzinkten Stahlblech. Diese können, was die oberste Brettlage betrifft, in einfacher Weise mit der U-Öffnung nach unten weisend über die auf Lücke gesetzten Bretter 8 gestülpt werden. Entsprechend werden die Profileinlagen für die zweitoberste Brettlage, vorzugsweise vor dem Aufbringen bzw. Aufleimen der obersten Brettlage, mit der U-Öffnung nach oben weisend in die zwischen den Brettern 8 gebildeten Lücken eingelegt. Zum Festlegen der Lagerelemente sind ebenfalls verschiedenen Verbindungsmittel denkbar, etwa Schraubverbindungen oder Klebverbindungen oder Aufkaschieren.For cross-ply constructions according to 4 to 6 are advantageously adapted to the board width and length, U-shaped profile inserts, such as galvanized sheet steel. These can, as far as the topmost board layer is concerned, simply be slipped over the gap-set boards 8 with the U-opening facing downwards. Accordingly, the profile inserts for the second uppermost board layer, preferably before the application or gluing of the top board layer, with the U-opening facing up into the gaps formed between the boards 8 inserted. For fixing the bearing elements are also various connection means conceivable, such as screw or adhesive or laminating.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Holzbauteiltimber member
22
Ausnehmungrecess
33
Kervebird's mouth
44
Verbundflächecomposite surface
55
Flankeflank
66
Hinterschneidungundercut
77
Boden der AusnehmungBottom of the recess
88th
Brettboard
99
Klebefugebonded joint
1010
Lagerelementbearing element
2020
Profileinlageprofile insert
3030
Betonconcrete
4040
Schraubescrew
100100
Holz-Beton-VerbundkonstruktionWood-concrete composite structure

Claims (15)

  1. Wooden structural part (1) for a composite wood-concrete structure (100), wherein for the purpose of a large-area connection of the wooden structural part (1) to the concrete (30) at least one recess (2) is provided in the bonding surface (4) to the concrete (30) which can be brought in mesh and/or can be filled with the concrete (30) and which for the purpose of receiving shear forces between the concrete (30) and the wooden structural part (1) comprises at least one shoulder (5) that is aligned so as to be substantially oblique to the bonding surface (4), characterized in that a bearing element (10) that is made of an elastically deformable material is provided at the at least one shoulder (5) for the purpose of redistributing the shear forces within the wooden structural part (1).
  2. Wooden structural part (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastically deformable material consists of an elastomeric synthetic material, rubber and/or bitumen, for example.
  3. Wooden structural part (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing element (10) is configured so as to be substantially bar-shaped, strip-shaped, rail-shaped or the like.
  4. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing element (10) comprises chambers and/or cavities.
  5. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bearing element (10) is fixedly connected to the shoulder (5), preferably is bonded, nailed, clasped and/or screwed to the shoulder (5).
  6. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one recess (2) is configured as a birdsmouth (3), in particular one that is milled into the wooden structural part ( 1 ).
  7. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, at the bonding surface (4) to the concrete (30), it comprises at least two webs, bars, rails, boards (8) or the like, which are arranged at a lateral distance to one other, preferably by being glued on and/or screwed on and/or nailed on, and between which the at least one recess (2) is formed.
  8. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one recess (2) comprises at least one undercut (6), preferably one that has a wedge-shaped cross-section, for the purpose of receiving transverse tensile forces between the concrete (30) and the wooden structural part (1).
  9. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, for the purpose of receiving shear forces and transverse tensile forces, at least two layers are provided at the bonding surface (4) to the concrete (30) that are arranged crosswise on top of one other and are comprised of respectively at least two webs, bars, rails, boards (8) or the like, which are preferably glued on and/or screwed on and/or nailed on and which are arranged at a distance from one other, forming at least one recess (2) with at least one undercut (6) in between them.
  10. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one recess (2) comprises a profile insert (20) that is adjusted to its cross-section and that lines the recess (2) preferably completely, but at least in the area of the shoulder (5), the undercut (6) and/or the base (7).
  11. Wooden structural part (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the profile insert (20) covers the bonding surface (4) in the edge area (4a, 4b) of the recess (2) at least in certain parts.
  12. Wooden structural part (1) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the profile insert (20) is fixedly arranged at the wooden structural part (1), in particular by means of at least one screw connection.
  13. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the profile insert (20) consists of a synthetic material and/or metal, in particular a sheet metal, preferably made of a galvanized steel sheet.
  14. Wooden structural part (1) according to one of the claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the bearing element (10) is fixedly arranged, in particular glued on and/or laminated, at the profile insert (20) in the area that is allocated to the shoulder (5), preferably on that side of the profile insert (20) which is facing the wooden structural part (1).
  15. Composite wood-concrete structure (100), comprising at least one concrete structural part (30) and at least one wooden structural part (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the concrete structural part (30) is in mesh with at least one recess (2) in the bonding surface (4) of the wooden structural part (1), which for the purpose of receiving shear forces between the concrete (30) and the wooden structural part (1) comprises at least one shoulder (5) that is aligned so as to be substantially oblique with respect to the bonding surface (4), characterized in that a bearing element (10) that is made of an elastically deformable material is provided at the at least one shoulder (5) for the purpose of redistributing the shear forces within the wooden structural part (1).
EP14172074.8A 2013-07-02 2014-06-12 Wooden structural part and composite wood-concrete structure Active EP2821561B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310106918 DE102013106918B3 (en) 2013-07-02 2013-07-02 Wood-concrete composite structure

Publications (2)

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EP2821561A1 EP2821561A1 (en) 2015-01-07
EP2821561B1 true EP2821561B1 (en) 2016-03-23

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DE (1) DE102013106918B3 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT516813A1 (en) * 2015-01-16 2016-08-15 MMK Holz-Beton-Fertigteile GmbH Composite precast
DE102015003338A1 (en) * 2015-03-14 2016-09-15 Merk Timber Gmbh Wood-concrete composite construction and method for its production
EP3556958B1 (en) * 2018-04-18 2020-06-03 Schmid Baugruppe Holding GmbH Component for producing a slab
DE102019200046B3 (en) 2019-01-04 2020-06-10 Veit Dennert Kg Baustoffbetriebe Prestressed concrete-wood composite panel, in particular for use as a building ceiling or wall panel, and process for their production
DE102022124008A1 (en) 2022-05-03 2023-11-09 B. Lütkenhaus GmbH Wall, ceiling or roof element with lugs

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE1004671A3 (en) * 1991-03-08 1993-01-12 Wybauw Jacques Girder comprising a vibration damping device
DE4420175A1 (en) * 1994-06-09 1995-12-14 Karl Moser Concrete roof slab, for binding with internal cladding
FR2760478A1 (en) * 1997-03-06 1998-09-11 Francois Aubert BEAM-TYPE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT
FR2774112B1 (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-03-17 Archipente WOOD-CONCRETE COMPOSITE WALL ELEMENT
DE29824534U1 (en) * 1998-04-24 2001-08-02 Bauer Werner Wood-concrete composite element
DE29816002U1 (en) * 1998-09-05 1999-03-04 Werner Hartmut Dr Ing Wood-slab-concrete composite ceiling (HPBV ceiling) as a prefabricated part or in-situ concrete construction with form-fitting composite
DE10254043B4 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-10-05 Universität Leipzig Composite construction of high load capacity
ITPC20040010A1 (en) * 2004-03-31 2004-06-30 Sintesi Srl CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MIXED WOOD AND CONCRETE SLABS AND RELATED COMPONENTS FOR THE SOLIDARIZATION OF THE TWO MATERIALS
EP1987209A4 (en) * 2006-02-10 2012-10-03 Combino As Elements/slabs based on solid wood elements reinforced with concrete
DE202009004335U1 (en) * 2009-03-27 2009-07-02 Merk, Max Two-shell composite component

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DE102013106918B3 (en) 2014-05-28
EP2821561A1 (en) 2015-01-07

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