EP3269674A1 - Procede et dispositif de surveillance d'un element de suspension pour ascenseur - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de surveillance d'un element de suspension pour ascenseur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3269674A1
EP3269674A1 EP16179442.5A EP16179442A EP3269674A1 EP 3269674 A1 EP3269674 A1 EP 3269674A1 EP 16179442 A EP16179442 A EP 16179442A EP 3269674 A1 EP3269674 A1 EP 3269674A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulse signal
pulse
electrical
electrical pulse
tension member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16179442.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Fan Zhang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inventio AG filed Critical Inventio AG
Priority to EP16179442.5A priority Critical patent/EP3269674A1/fr
Publication of EP3269674A1 publication Critical patent/EP3269674A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207—Checking means
    • B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
    • B66B7/1223—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing electric variables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/55—Sensors
    • D07B2301/5531—Sensors using electric means or elements
    • D07B2301/5536—Sensors using electric means or elements for measuring electrical current
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for monitoring a suspension means, such as e.g. a suspension rope or a support belt of an elevator system.
  • a suspension means such as e.g. a suspension rope or a support belt of an elevator system.
  • Elevator systems typically include at least one cabin which is generally moved along a hoistway by means of a rope-type suspension means.
  • a counterweight is provided, which is also suspended from the suspension means and moves in the opposite direction to the cabin.
  • the support means is typically driven by means of a motor driven pulley or drive shaft.
  • the suspension element is usually attached to or with its ends to fixing within the elevator shaft.
  • the support means may for example be a belt, a rope or the like.
  • the suspension element is repeatedly bent and / or counterbalanced, for example, by repeated deflection on deflection rollers or the traction sheave, and thus subjected to high mechanical loads.
  • a condition of the suspension element must be monitored continuously and at suitable intervals to ensure safety of a lift system and damage in this suspension means in time and reliably detected.
  • a method for detecting damage in a suspension means is in WO 2014130029 A1 in which at least a part of the suspension element is exposed to an alternating electrical voltage and an electrical resistance in the part of the suspension element is measured, by means of which it is possible to deduce damage states in the suspension element.
  • EP 0849208 B1 discloses methods of inspecting a pull rope.
  • the traction cable comprises a plurality of targets, which are provided over the length of the traction cable at a distance from each other.
  • the targets have a property such as a magnetic permeability property. The property is monitored so that changes in the spacing between targets can indicate an impairment of the pull rope.
  • the invention has for its object to be able to reliably monitor a suspension means of an elevator installation, which comprises at least one tension member, in a simple manner.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge to be able to monitor a line or a cable in terms of characteristics of a pulse processing in itself.
  • the knowledge according to a pulse signal is applied to a line.
  • the pulse traverses the line and is applied to an unevenness of the line, e.g. Resistance or reactance changes, (partially) reflected. That is, a rupture or rupture within the conduit may cause a pulse signal propagating in the conduit to become discontinuous at a crack interrupted location but to be reflected or attenuated.
  • the reflected pulse travels along the line back to the feed point.
  • the characteristics of an electrical pulse signal after it has passed back and forth through part or all of a line its state is observed and conclusions are made about the presence of damage within that line.
  • a method for detecting damage in a suspension element with at least one tension member for an elevator installation.
  • at least a first electrical pulse signal is fed to a first terminal of the support means in the tension member, the first terminal being at or near one end of the suspension means.
  • the first electrical pulse signal is applied at a point of damage (eg wear / breakage or breakdown) in the tension member or at a second attachment of the suspension means which is on or near another end of the suspension means is at least partially reflected and transmitted back to the first terminal.
  • the reflected electrical pulse signal or a reflected portion of this pulse signal is detected at the first terminal as a second electrical pulse signal.
  • the detected second pulse signal is evaluated with regard to its pulse amplitude and / or pulse polarity.
  • a time duration ⁇ t which lasts between the input of the first pulse signal and the detection of the second pulse signal, is measured. If an evaluation result of at least one predefined tolerance value deviates and / or the measured time duration ⁇ t exceeds a setpoint value, an error message is sent, for example, to a monitoring / maintenance center for this elevator installation.
  • the tolerance value may represent a difference of the pulse amplitude and / or the pulse polarity between the first and the second pulse signal.
  • the set value may be defined by a transmission time of an electrical pulse signal corresponding to a period of time from propagation of this pulse signal from the first terminal after reflection at the second terminal and back again to the first terminal. If the time duration ⁇ t exceeds the setpoint and no second pulse signal has been detected, this means that the method has not been performed properly either because of hardware or because of software errors.
  • the transmission time can be calculated from a preparation speed v of an electrical pulse signal in the tension member.
  • the preparation speed ⁇ can be calculated on the basis of material constants of the suspension element or tension carrier, such as an inductance L 0 and a capacitance C 0 or the dielectrics ⁇ r .
  • c is the speed of light in vacuum, namely 30cm / ns and the ⁇ r is greater than 1 and for metal materials usually less than 10.
  • a preparation speed v of an impulse in a tensile carrier is thus typically about 40% to 65% of the speed of light.
  • a running time ⁇ t between the feeding of the first Pulse signal and detecting a returned second signal pulse read when the tension member in a good condition and its length l is also known.
  • a time offset between the generation of the first pulse signal and the detection of the second pulse signal may find an application for time delay.
  • the suspension element is fixed to a fixture at or near one of its ends.
  • the fixing device may, for example, be a component permanently mounted in the elevator installation, such as, for example, a strut permanently mounted in an elevator shaft or a carrier-medium bearing mounted thereon.
  • a course and attachment positions and types of attachment of the support means 2 may be configured in various ways.
  • the first pulse signal is then fed through the first terminal, which is assigned to the fixing device, into the suspension element or the tension member.
  • the support means is also fixed to or near both its opposite ends in each case to a fixing device. In this embodiment, the first and the second terminal can be attached to the fixing device.
  • the first electrical pulse signal is generated as an electrical current pulse or voltage pulse by a pulse generator, wherein the pulse width / duration and / or the pulse amplitude of the first electrical pulse signal are adjustable.
  • the pulse generator can be designed as a high-speed analog-to-digital converter, a FPGA (Field Programming Gate Array) or a pulse width modulator (PWM).
  • a time interval between successive pulses should advantageously be selected such that back-reflected pulses can be unambiguously assigned.
  • a time interval between successive pulses should be chosen such that even at maximum transit time of the pulses within the suspension means a reflected back pulse reaches the detector before a next pulse is fed into the suspension means. This can considerably simplify detection and / or assignment of the pulses or back-reflected pulses.
  • the second connection is adapted to the support means such that the first electrical pulse signal which prepares in the suspension element is at least partially reflected at the second connection.
  • the suspension element or the tension member is not adapted electrically.
  • the reflection factor for a pulse preparation in an electrically adjusted line is equal to zero. Therefore, the second terminal and the tension member should have different characteristic impedances.
  • the generated first electrical pulse signal for feeding into the tensile carrier, e.g. amplified coupled by an electronic amplifier, so that the pulse signal can propagate with sufficient power or strength in the train carrier.
  • the feeding of the first electrical pulse signal and the detection of the second electrical pulse signal are synchronized with each other.
  • the synchronization can be done for example by a high-speed timer.
  • the method for the at least one tensile carrier of the suspension element to the individual can be performed simultaneously.
  • the method can also be carried out manually and / or automatically when the elevator installation is out of operation, in a maintenance or installation state or in a waiting time.
  • the method is performed when an elevator car or a counterweight is at a lowest or highest position in a hover, because at that moment the suspension element has a longest free-running part between a reversing roller / a traction sheave and a fixing device has.
  • comparisons with earlier measurements, with reference measurements or with calibration measurements can be used to evaluate the detected second pulse signal. This could cause various random factors in measuring such as e.g. An aging of the suspension element and / or the device or its components are eliminated as a factor in the detection.
  • Fig. 1 shows a device 7 according to the invention for detecting damage in a support means 2 for an elevator system 1.
  • the support means 2 may for example be a belt, a rope or the like and at least one on train highly resilient tension member 3 and one or the tension members 3 include.
  • the device 7 comprises a pulse generator 8, a detector 9 and a processor 10.
  • the pulse generator 8 a high-speed analog-to-digital converter having a sampling frequency of, for example, 20 kHz to 10 MHz can be designed to generate electric current or voltage pulses. This sampling frequency is selected in an appropriate frequency range for the suspension element 2. In general, pulse signals with a frequency in the kHz frequency range in a suspension element 2 are well transferable.
  • the detector 9 can be arranged close to the pulse generator 8 and operated at the same frequency and period as the pulse generator 8 or be in tact. It is also possible to design a single component that can work both as a pulse generator 8 and as a detector 9.
  • a first pulse signal 4a in this embodiment is e.g. an electrical voltage pulse.
  • the first pulse signal 4a is fed via a first connection 5a of the suspension element 2 into a tension member 3.
  • the detector 9 can detect the second pulse signal 4b at the first terminal 5a, the second pulse signal 4b being formed by the first pulse signal 4a such that the first pulse signal 4a is at a damage location 6 in the tension member 3 or at a second terminal 5b of the suspension means 2 is reflected and then transmitted back to the first port 5a back.
  • the second connection 5b is adapted to the suspension element 2 or tension member 3 in such a way that an electrical pulse signal 4a that prepares in the suspension element 2 is reflected at the second connection 5b.
  • An adapted tension member 3 is used when a pulse propagating in the tension member 3 is not reflected at one end of the tension member 3. This is the case when the second connection 5b has the same characteristic impedance as the tension member 3.
  • the suspension means 2 is e.g. attached at one end to a fixing device (not shown).
  • the connections 5a, 5b do not have to be assigned to the two opposite ends of the suspension element 2, they can be placed anywhere on the suspension element 2, e.g. be placed on the fixer either manually or automatically.
  • the first pulse signal 4a is amplified for feeding into the tensile carrier 3 by an electronic amplifier 13.
  • the device 7 further has a processor 10, which is connected in this illustrated embodiment both with the pulse generator 8 and with the detector 9.
  • the processor 10 may receive signals from the detector 9 which provide the processor 10 with information about characteristics of the second pulse signal 4b detected by the detector 9.
  • the processor 10 can draw conclusions about damage within the tension carrier 3 are pulled. Such damage, which may occur, for example, in the form of cracks or fractures in a tension member 3 accommodated in the suspension element 2, is usually accompanied by a change in impedance within the tension member 3 caused by the damage.
  • Such a local change in the impedance causes the first pulse signal 4a running in the tension member 3 to propagate differently in the tension member 3 than would be the case if no damage had occurred in the tension member 3.
  • the processor 10 may currently compare the second pulse signal 4b received by the detector 9 with one or the previously received second pulse signals 4b or with previously stored reference values.
  • the device 7 further comprises a timer 11, e.g. can be an oscilloscope.
  • a timer 11 e.g. can be an oscilloscope.
  • the second pulse signal 4b can be displayed so that it is possible to read the running time .DELTA.t which has elapsed between the feeding of the first pulse signal 4a and the detection of the second pulse signal 4b. From this run time .DELTA.t can then be set to the point of damage 6 in the suspension element 2.
  • the timer 11 it is also possible to synchronize the feeding of the first pulse signal 4a and the detection of the second pulse signal 4b with each other.
  • An error message 12 of the device 7 causes an error message to be sent to a monitoring / maintenance center 15 if an evaluation result deviates from a predefined tolerance value and / or the measured time duration ⁇ t exceeds a setpoint value.
  • This transmission may also be through a network 16 such as the Internet or local area network (LAN), or through wires or wireless transmissions, if the monitoring / maintenance center 15 is a central office.
  • the tolerance value may represent a difference for the pulse amplitude and the pulse polarity between the first 4a and the second pulse signal 4b.
  • the tolerance value may also be defined in terms of a number of the damaged tension members 3. That is, an error message is generated only when a plurality of tension members 3 or a certain number of the tension members 3 are damaged.
  • the setpoint and the tolerance value may be e.g. stored in the processor 10 or in a separate memory unit (not shown).
  • the desired value may be, for example, a time duration ⁇ t which corresponds to a propagation of the first pulse signal 4a from the first terminal 5a after reflection at the second terminal 5b and back again to the first terminal 5a.
  • the pulse duration of a first pulse signal 4a is selected to be 50 ns, for example, the maximum sampling frequency of the pulse generator 8 and the detector 9 may be 40 kHz, for example.
  • a first pulse signal 4a fed into the tensile carrier 3 first moves in a direction along the tensile carrier 3 with a positive pulse polarity, before it is then reflected at a point caused by damage and then runs back through the tensile carrier 3 in the opposite direction.
  • the device 7 according to the invention detects at the first connection 5a of the suspension element 2 a first electrical pulse signal 4a fed into the tension member 3.
  • a trend line K shows an envelope of the pulse amplitude of the pulse signal 4a, wherein the pulse amplitude is continuously attenuated due to loss in the course of propagation in the tension member 3.
  • the return path of the first pulse signal 4a and the first terminal 5a are shown in dashed line.
  • FIG. 2a A preparation or reflection of the first pulse signal 4a in a tension member 3 is in each case in the Fig. 2a, 2b . 2c and 2d shown. It is assumed that the point of damage 6 is always located at the same point of the tension member 3. 2a and 2b each show a case of a short circuit and an interruption in the tension member 3. Depending on whether a damage occurs in the tension member 3, a second pulse signal 4b is detected at the second terminal 5b as follows: FIG.
  • the first pulse signal 4a is reflected with a reflection factor 0 ⁇ r ⁇ 1.
  • the detected second pulse signal 4b then has a smaller pulse amplitude compared to that in the above-mentioned cases of interruption and short circuit. It can also be seen that the envelope K steeper than that in 2b is. If this detected pulse amplitude is smaller than the tolerance value such as half of the pulse amplitude of the generated first pulse signal 4a, this means that the crack in the tension member 3 is to be regarded as a damage.
  • the first pulse signal 4a is first reflected at the second terminal 5b and runs back at the first terminal 5a, so that the transit time .DELTA.t corresponds to a maximum value which corresponds to the desired value, and the pulse amplitude, in contrast thereto has minimum value, because the reflection factor 0 ⁇ r ⁇ 1 and the first pulse signal has covered the longest running distance.
  • the processor 10 can analyze, for example, how long the first pulse signal 4a needs in order to pass through the tension member 3 to a point of damage 6 and after its reflection to run back again to the first connector 5a. After a running time .DELTA.t has been determined, one can calculate a position of the damage site 6 at a known propagation velocity .nu.
  • the first pulse signal 4a As the further the first pulse signal 4a is propagated in the tension member, the longer the runtime ⁇ t and more the first pulse signal 4a is attenuated, it can also be detected, even if the tension member 3 is interrupted at the connection to the second connector 5b or shorted.
  • the first pulse signal 4a is fully reflected at this point in its current amplitude and the pulse amplitude of the second pulse signal 4b is thus comparatively greater in this case than that of a good tensile carrier 3.
  • the pulse amplitudes of the detected second pulse signals 5b of the two cases can thus be recognized differently.
  • embodiments of the method presented here or of the device 7 presented herein allow reliable detection of even minor damage within the suspension element 2 or tension carrier 3 using an electrical pulse signal by the method or device 7 according to the invention.

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  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
EP16179442.5A 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 Procede et dispositif de surveillance d'un element de suspension pour ascenseur Withdrawn EP3269674A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16179442.5A EP3269674A1 (fr) 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 Procede et dispositif de surveillance d'un element de suspension pour ascenseur

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EP16179442.5A EP3269674A1 (fr) 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 Procede et dispositif de surveillance d'un element de suspension pour ascenseur

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EP3269674A1 true EP3269674A1 (fr) 2018-01-17

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018109092A3 (fr) * 2016-12-16 2018-08-16 Kone Corporation Procédé et agencement permettant de surveiller l'état d'un câble de levage d'un appareil de levage
CN110884978A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-03-17 中北大学 一种矿用摩擦式提升机钢丝绳张力测试装置及方法
CN114585579A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2022-06-03 三菱电机株式会社 电梯的张力测定装置

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849208B1 (fr) 1996-12-20 2003-04-23 Otis Elevator Company Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de câbles de levage
DE102008026731A1 (de) * 2008-06-02 2009-12-10 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen eines Verschleißzustandes eines Zug- oder Kraftübertragungsmittels
JP2013001523A (ja) * 2011-06-17 2013-01-07 Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd エレベータの主ロープ検査装置
WO2014130029A1 (fr) 2013-02-21 2014-08-28 Otis Elevator Company Surveillance du bon état d'une corde d'ascenseur
WO2015058792A1 (fr) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-30 Kone Corporation Procédé et dispositif permettant de vérifier l'intégrité d'éléments porteurs sur un système d'ascenseur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0849208B1 (fr) 1996-12-20 2003-04-23 Otis Elevator Company Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de câbles de levage
DE102008026731A1 (de) * 2008-06-02 2009-12-10 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen eines Verschleißzustandes eines Zug- oder Kraftübertragungsmittels
JP2013001523A (ja) * 2011-06-17 2013-01-07 Hitachi Building Systems Co Ltd エレベータの主ロープ検査装置
WO2014130029A1 (fr) 2013-02-21 2014-08-28 Otis Elevator Company Surveillance du bon état d'une corde d'ascenseur
WO2015058792A1 (fr) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-30 Kone Corporation Procédé et dispositif permettant de vérifier l'intégrité d'éléments porteurs sur un système d'ascenseur

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018109092A3 (fr) * 2016-12-16 2018-08-16 Kone Corporation Procédé et agencement permettant de surveiller l'état d'un câble de levage d'un appareil de levage
US11414301B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2022-08-16 Kone Corporation Method and arrangement for condition monitoring of a hoisting rope of a hoisting apparatus
CN114585579A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2022-06-03 三菱电机株式会社 电梯的张力测定装置
CN114585579B (zh) * 2019-10-29 2023-03-28 三菱电机株式会社 电梯的张力测定装置
CN110884978A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-03-17 中北大学 一种矿用摩擦式提升机钢丝绳张力测试装置及方法
CN110884978B (zh) * 2019-11-28 2021-01-19 中北大学 一种矿用摩擦式提升机钢丝绳张力测试装置及方法

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