EP3268194B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer hohlen oder massiven platte - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer hohlen oder massiven platte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3268194B1
EP3268194B1 EP16761139.1A EP16761139A EP3268194B1 EP 3268194 B1 EP3268194 B1 EP 3268194B1 EP 16761139 A EP16761139 A EP 16761139A EP 3268194 B1 EP3268194 B1 EP 3268194B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow
core
screws
slab
mass
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16761139.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3268194A4 (de
EP3268194A1 (de
Inventor
Jouni Ahonen
Jukka Ahonen
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Individual
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Priority to PL16761139T priority Critical patent/PL3268194T3/pl
Publication of EP3268194A1 publication Critical patent/EP3268194A1/de
Publication of EP3268194A4 publication Critical patent/EP3268194A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3268194B1 publication Critical patent/EP3268194B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B28B3/228—Slipform casting extruder, e.g. self-propelled extruder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
    • B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
    • B28B3/222—Screw or worm constructions

Definitions

  • the object of this invention is an apparatus and method to produce hollow-core or solid slabs.
  • the mentioned apparatus consists of a feeding organ to feed material into the apparatus, at least certain stoppers, to the hollow-core or solid slab under production and to the base limited work space to form the hollow-core or solid slab, in a row placed, around their lengthwise axels rotating set screws to mix the mass and to move it into the space inside the stoppers forming the outer limits of the hollow-core or solid slab profile and to tighten there and as the bushes set to be continuation of the form the hollows to the slabs when hollow-core slab is being produced.
  • the usages of the invention are the hollow-core slabs that include the hollows inside the slab. Normally, these hollows are side by side holes from end-to-end and their meaning is to make the weight of the slab lighter.
  • the hollows are designed and realized as a compromise of the weight, dimensions, and the tensile properties of the slab.
  • a slab with a certain width and length that requires a certain bending resistance, maximum size and favourably shaped hollows are made to keep their weight as small as possible.
  • the objects of the invention are also the solid slabs that do not have hollows.
  • the mentioned hollow-core and solid slabs are used in the construction industry very largely.
  • the intermediate floors, roofs and floors can be mentioned. It is typical for the before mentioned usage places that the slabs in these places have a relatively long span length and thus the greatest bending load comes to the lengthwise centre of the slabs.
  • the hollow-core slabs are produced according to the known technique so that an apparatus, e.g. an extruder that includes a feed hopper for the material (concrete mass) which feed hopper is moved upon its bed that is upon the casting bed where the hollow-core slab is formed. Before extruding the mass, the pretension span cords to be situated inside the slab or corresponding parts that strengthen the slab are placed to their places.
  • an apparatus e.g. an extruder that includes a feed hopper for the material (concrete mass) which feed hopper is moved upon its bed that is upon the casting bed where the hollow-core slab is formed.
  • the pretension span cords to be situated inside the slab or corresponding parts that strengthen the slab are placed to their places.
  • limiters or stoppers that limit the sides of the slab to be produced to a certain width and form, if needed, the side joint profiles, upper side to a certain height from the bed, and the end stopper that prevents the concrete from flowing into the direction where the extruder advances.
  • Horizontal bushes have also been installed into the extruder in the work space between the before mentioned stoppers and the end limiter and screws in the same direction as their length axels and reaching the ends of the bushes.
  • the mentioned screw can be found at the location of every hollow the shape of which is in the lengthwise direction conical so that its thicker end is in the side of the bush and the thinner end farther from it.
  • the screws are rotated by the motors behind the end stoppers into different directions so that the screws at the different sides of the width wise centre of the slab rotate in groups into different directions.
  • the rotating directions of the screws are such that their upper parts turn into the direction of the sides of the slab under production
  • the concrete mass moves and gets tightened around the bushes and inside the stoppers into the direction of the sides of the slab to be formed.
  • the crowns of the screws press and tighten the concrete mass into the direction of the slab under production, that is in the opposite direction than where to the extruder is moving.
  • two or more screws side by side have the same motor and all the screws have either same or almost same rotation speed or the outer screws have a slightly greater rotation speed. As the extruder moves forwards, readymade hollow-core slab appears from under it.
  • Solid slabs are produced nowadays with the same apparatus and methods, as described above. Naturally, the bushes to make hollows are not needed in that case
  • the known technique has a number of drawbacks. It can be said from experience that the miscibility of the concrete mass in the point where the slab is formed is inconvenient poor. A screw group rotating into the same direction is not able to mix the concrete mass efficiently. This drawback is emphasized even more as the concrete in the feeding hopper forms dryer or wetter parts in which case the need for mixing in the place where the slab is formed is higher that otherwise. It is known that it is possible that in the winter time some snow gets into the feeding hopper and then also the mixing of the contents of the hopper in the producing process is very important.
  • the before mentioned drawbacks lead into that the production speed of the hollow-core slabs must be kept relatively low.
  • the standard value of the speed of the production of the hollow-core slabs can as known be kept 1,0- 1,5 m/min.
  • the greatest advantage of the invention can be seen to be the efficient mixing of the concrete mass and a considerable rising of the flow volume in the production of the hollow-core and solid slabs. This leads into a significant rise of the production speed and a better quality.
  • hollow-core slab means all kinds of construction elements with all kinds of shape of lightening hollows and the term solid slab means all kinds of construction slabs without any kinds and shape of hollows which slabs are used in the construction industry.
  • motor means a motor rotating a screw either by itself or together with a transmission gear between the motor and the screw.
  • FIG 1 it has been presented the apparatus 100 according to the invention to produce the hollow-core slabs that is an extruder, and a hollow-core slab 200 under preparation and the bed 300 under the hollow-core slab.
  • the parts of the apparatus are body 10, the feeding organ 11 that is used to feed the production material of the slab that is in this example a hopper and the wheels 12.
  • the 20 mass is concrete in this case.
  • the apparatus 100 moves upon the rails into the direction of the arrow thereon, from under it (from left) appears readymade hollow-core slab 200.
  • the before mentioned setting has been described as seen directly from the side and in the figure 3 seen from the direction X of the figure 2 .
  • FIG 4 the cut A-A of the figure 3 has been presented and there can be seen the work space 7 that is formed under the feeding organ 11 and upon the bed 300.
  • two cuts have been presented and the pictures of these cuts have been presented in figures 5 and 6.
  • Figure 5 presents the cut B-B that is a horizontal cut of the before mentioned setting at the height of the middle lines of the screws and there can be seen the work space 7 where the greatest part of the organs of the apparatus 100 that produce the hollow-core slab are situated, like screws 1a- 1d, bushes, side stoppers 3, the separate motors 4a-4d for each screw etc. and the end stopper 6.
  • the apparatus has also a top stopper 5 that defines the height of the hollow-core slab that is produced.
  • a hollow-core slab 200 is formed between the mentioned stoppers as a slip casting and its hollows 200.1 are formed according to the outer dimensions of the bushes.
  • the mentioned stoppers form the outer limits 200.2 of the profile of the hollow-core slab.
  • the rotation directions and speed of the screws 1a-1d can be changed during the production of the hollow-core and solid slabs even completely arbitrarily, e.g. forwards, backwards, and thus the wanted properties can be boosted case by case in the flow of the mass.
  • These changes in the operation of the screws are programmed to take place as a time function and these programs can be made to happen in different forms in the connection of the different hollow-core and solid slabs.
  • this way of using the screws is very useful.
  • the advance speed can be increased considerably and thus the production speed of the slab becomes faster.
  • the rising of the crown is made into such a direction that it regardless of the screw rotation direction is capable of moving mass 20 into the direction of the bushes 2.
  • every screw is set to be rotated by its own motor 4a-4d or the power transfer of the mentioned screws is arranged in some other way that every screw 1a-1d can be rotated individually with a desired speed.
  • This application covers also the situation where a screw or the screws are rotated back and forth.
  • the mentioned screws can also be set to rotate around its middle axel or its any other lengthwise axel. And thus as one application of the invention wabbler shaft rotation can come in the question.
  • the hollow-core 200 or solid slab made by the apparatus and method according to the invention can be of any dimensions known nowadays for slabs.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Apparatur (100) zur Herstellung von Hohlkernplatten oder massiven Platten, wobei die Apparatur wenigstens besteht aus:
    a. Massezufuhrorgan (11), um Masse (20) in die Apparatur einzuführen,
    b. Arbeitsraum (7), der begrenzt ist auf wenigstens bestimmte Stopper, die Hohlkernplatte (200) oder massive Platte und das Bett (300), um die genannte Hohlkernplatte oder massive Platte zu bilden,
    c. in einer Reihenformation angeordnete Schnecken (1a-1d), die so gesetzt wurden, dass sie sich um ihre Längsachsen drehen, um die Masse zu vermischen und sie in den Raum zwischen den Stoppern, die die Außengrenzen (200.2) des Profils bilden, und dem Boden (300) zu bringen und dort zu festigen, und als Fortsetzung der genannten gesetzten Schnecken Buchsen (2), um die Hohlräume (200.1) in den Platten zu bilden, wenn die Hohlkernplatte hergestellt wird,
    wobei jede Schnecke (1a-1d), die wenigstens drei sind, so gesetzt wurde, dass sie sich andersherum dreht als ihre benachbarte Schnecke,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schnecken (1a-1d) konfiguriert sind, um die Drehrichtung während des Herstellungsverfahrens als Funktion der Zeit zu ändern.
  2. Apparatur (100) gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein eigener Motor (4a-4d) gesetzt wurde, um jede Schnecke (1a-1d) zu drehen.
  3. Apparatur (100) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1-2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehgeschwindigkeit von einer oder mehreren Schnecken (1a-1d) so gesetzt wurde, dass sie unabhängig geregelt wird.
  4. Apparatur gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1-3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kronen der Schnecken so gestaltet wurden, dass sie die Betonmasse in Richtung der herzustellenden Hohlkernplatte/massiven Platte (100/200) drückt und festigt.
  5. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Hohlkernplatte (200) oder massiven Platte, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Apparatur (100), die in einem der Ansprüche 1-4 definiert wurde, verwendet wird, und dass das genannte Verfahren folgendermaßen durchgeführt wird:
    a. Masse (20) wird in den Arbeitsraum (7) eingespeist, wobei die Masse das Rohmaterial der Hohlkernplatte oder massiven Platte ist,
    b. mit Hilfe der Schnecken (1a-1d) wird die Masse (20) vermischt und zwischen dem Boden (300) und den Stoppern, die die Profilaußengrenzen (200.2) der Hohlkernplatte oder massiven Platte definieren, in ihrem Teil und um die Buchsen (2) herum, die die Hohlräume (200.1) bilden, gebracht und verfestigt, wenn eine Hohlkernplatte (200) hergestellt wird,
    c. die Schnecken, die wenigstens drei sind, werden so gesetzt, dass sie sich um ihre Längsachse drehen, so dass sich jede Schnecke (1a-1d) andersherum dreht als ihre benachbarte Schnecke,
    d. die Schnecken (1a-1d) werden so konfiguriert, dass sie ihre Drehrichtung während des Herstellungsverfahrens als Funktion der Zeit ändern.
EP16761139.1A 2015-03-09 2016-03-07 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer hohlen oder massiven platte Active EP3268194B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16761139T PL3268194T3 (pl) 2015-03-09 2016-03-07 Aparat i sposób produkcji płyty z rdzeniem pustym lub pełnej

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20150066A FI127678B (fi) 2015-03-09 2015-03-09 Laite ja menetelmä ontelo- tai massiivilaatan valmistamiseksi
PCT/FI2016/000006 WO2016142574A1 (en) 2015-03-09 2016-03-07 An apparatus and a method to produce a hollow-core or solid slab

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3268194A1 EP3268194A1 (de) 2018-01-17
EP3268194A4 EP3268194A4 (de) 2018-10-17
EP3268194B1 true EP3268194B1 (de) 2020-10-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16761139.1A Active EP3268194B1 (de) 2015-03-09 2016-03-07 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer hohlen oder massiven platte

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3268194B1 (de)
DK (1) DK3268194T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2836147T3 (de)
FI (1) FI127678B (de)
PL (1) PL3268194T3 (de)
UA (1) UA120001C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2016142574A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI62783C (fi) * 1977-08-10 1983-03-10 Paraisten Kalkki Oy Glidgjutmaskin avsedd att anvaendas foer framstaellning av haolplattor och liknande
FI850837A0 (fi) * 1985-03-01 1985-03-01 Kt Suunnittelu Oy Glidgjutmaskin foer framstaellning av betongelement.
FI84575C (fi) * 1988-09-14 1991-12-27 Partek Ab Foerfarande och glidgjutningsmaskin foer gjutning av en eller flera parallella betongprodukter.
RU2293650C1 (ru) * 2005-09-09 2007-02-20 Николай Павлович Селиванов Способ изготовления строительных конструкций и строительная конструкция, изготовленная этим способом
RU2293651C1 (ru) * 2005-09-09 2007-02-20 Николай Павлович Селиванов Экструдер (варианты)
FI122389B (fi) * 2010-04-16 2011-12-30 Jouni Ahonen Menetelmä ja sovitelma betonin syöttämiseksi ja tiivistämiseksi sekä syöttöruuvi

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA120001C2 (uk) 2019-09-10
EP3268194A4 (de) 2018-10-17
WO2016142574A8 (en) 2018-02-01
FI20150066A (fi) 2016-09-10
ES2836147T3 (es) 2021-06-24
DK3268194T3 (da) 2020-12-07
EP3268194A1 (de) 2018-01-17
FI127678B (fi) 2018-11-30
WO2016142574A1 (en) 2016-09-15
PL3268194T3 (pl) 2021-05-04

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