EP3261789A1 - Compactage de poudre métallique dispersée par jet de gaz sur une pièce - Google Patents

Compactage de poudre métallique dispersée par jet de gaz sur une pièce

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Publication number
EP3261789A1
EP3261789A1 EP16706180.3A EP16706180A EP3261789A1 EP 3261789 A1 EP3261789 A1 EP 3261789A1 EP 16706180 A EP16706180 A EP 16706180A EP 3261789 A1 EP3261789 A1 EP 3261789A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon
density
powder
process according
containing steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16706180.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christer ÅSLUND
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metalvalue Sas
Original Assignee
Metalvalue Sas
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metalvalue Sas filed Critical Metalvalue Sas
Publication of EP3261789A1 publication Critical patent/EP3261789A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • B22F3/087Compacting only using high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic field impulses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B30B11/027Particular press methods or systems
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D3/00Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D3/02Extraction of non-metals
    • C21D3/04Decarburising
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/004Very low carbon steels, i.e. having a carbon content of less than 0,01%
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C38/00Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/20Carburising
    • C23C8/22Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/60Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C8/62Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
    • C23C8/64Carburising
    • C23C8/66Carburising of ferrous surfaces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/35Iron
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a process for compacting carbon containing hardenable steels. It further relates to a part manufactured by such a process.
  • the carbon content determines the hardness of a typical carbon steel and certain other alloys, e.g. martensitic, ferritic stainless chromium steel.
  • the carbon content of commercial carbon steel is from approximately 0.2wt% (wt) and up to about 1 .3wt%.
  • the hardenability of ferrous alloys is a function of the carbon content and other alloying elements and the grain size of the austenite.
  • the hardenability of a ferrous alloy is measured by a Jominy test: a round metal bar of standard size (indicated in the top image) is transformed to 100% austenite through heat treatment, and is then quenched on one end with room- temperature water. The cooling rate will be highest at the end being quenched, and will decrease as distance from the end increases. Subsequent to cooling a flat surface is ground on the test piece and the hardenability is then found by measuring the hardness along the bar. The farther away from the quenched end that the hardness extends, the higher the hardenability.
  • step c) compacting the agglomerated powder from step b) in a first compacting step to a density of at least 80% of theoretical density, with the proviso that the compacted agglomerated powder still is porous allowing transport of gas to and from its interior, d) further compacting the compacted agglomerated powder from step c) to a density of more than 98% of theoretical density using at least sintering followed by HVC, high velocity compacting with a ram speed exceeding 5 m/s, wherein a gas comprising carbon is added during sintering.
  • a full dense component manufactured according to the procedure above, with a density of more than 98% of the theoretical density, wherein the component comprises a carbon-containing steel.
  • Theoretical density denotes the maximum density of a material which is possible to achieve in theory, i.e. for a perfect material without any defects.
  • step c) compacting the agglomerated powder from step b) in a first compacting step to a density of at least 80% of theoretical density, with the proviso that the compacted agglomerated powder still is porous allowing transport of gas to and from its interior, d) further compacting the compacted agglomerated powder from step c) to a density of more than 98% of theoretical density using at least sintering followed by HVC, high velocity compacting with a ram speed exceeding 5 m/s, wherein a gas comprising carbon is added during sintering.
  • the carbon-containing steel becomes hardenable after the steps a) to c) above, i.e. the type of alloy (steel) and the carbon content after addition of the carbon in step b) is selected so that the material becomes possible to harden.
  • the carbon-containing steel is hardenable after step c). The carbon-containing steel prior to gas
  • step a) is in one embodiment treated so that the carbon content is reduced to a carbon content less than 0.15wt%.
  • This reduction in carbon content makes it possible to manufacture a powder using gas atomization which is easier than many other methods, the gas atomization can thus be used even for steels which have a high carbon content and are hardenable.
  • Carbon in elemental form is added during the agglomeration in step b) so that the carbon content is increased to the desired value.
  • the carbon content is selected so that the steel (or alloy) is hardenable.
  • Hardness or hardenable is the ability of an alloy comprising Fe-C to be hardened by the forming martensite as a result of a given heat treatment.
  • All sintering atmospheres have a certain amount of oxygen.
  • the amount of oxygen is usually measured with a so called dew point meter which measures the dew point.
  • the dew point level is a measure of amount of oxygen in the sintering atmosphere at a given temperature.
  • Methane CH 4 is a stable compound up to high temperature but reacts with H2O at high temperature and form CO and free hydrogen. You can therefore use a gas comprising carbon such as but not limited to methane as a "sacrifice" compound in order to prevent the loss of carbon in the pressed powder part during sintering in hydrogen.
  • the finished part has a carbon content higher than the initially provided
  • step a powder in step a) due to additions of carbon in elemental form (in step b) and the gas comprising carbon (in step c).
  • the gas comprising carbon is able to reach into the part after step c) since it is still porous.
  • the part is not porous anymore.
  • the density is at least 80 % of the theoretical density but not too dense so that it is still porous with a percolated structure so that gas can pass to and from the inner regions of the part.
  • the density after step c) is in the interval 80-90 % of theoretical density.
  • the density after step c) is in the interval 85-90 % of theoretical density.
  • the density after step c) is in the interval 80-92% of theoretical density.
  • the first compacting step c) is to a density of at least 75% of the theoretical density.
  • % of theoretical density denotes the density of the part as a percentage of the theoretically highest density for the material. The density is calculated as weight per unit volume.
  • agglomeration in step b) is added in an amount corresponding to the difference between the carbon content in the carbon-containing steel in step a) and the desired carbon content of the finished steel after step d). It should be noted that the carbon content of the carbon-containing steel in step a) could be very low.
  • the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of graphite. In one embodiment the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of a carbon powder. In one embodiment the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of particles with an average diameter in the interval 0.1 -10 ⁇ . This is an advantage since the small particles give a large surface which can react quicker with the surrounding materia. Carbon in any form can be added as small particles, including but not limited to graphite.
  • the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of a colloid of insoluble particles comprising carbon suspended throughout a liquid.
  • the carbon in elemental form in a colloidal suspension can be any type of particles comprising carbon, including but not limited to elemental carbon and graphite.
  • the addition of carbon in colloidal form has the
  • the colloidal suspension of solid particles in a liquid is also referred to as a sol.
  • the sol is stable and the force originating from the Brownian motion of the particles is of the same order of magnitude or greater than the gravity force so that the sol does not settle by gravity. This ensures an even
  • the stability of the sol is in one
  • embodiment maintained by adding a dispersing agent.
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated so that the carbon content is reduced to a carbon content less than 0.10wt%, preferably less than 0.050wt%.
  • the lower carbon content prevents the metal particles from being hardened during gas atomization.
  • step d) the compacted agglomerated powder from step c) is both sintered and subjected to HVC and optionally further compacting steps.
  • the HVC is a high velocity compacting with a ram speed of 5 m/s or more.
  • step d) it is conceived that the material is first sintered with the gas and then subjected to HVC.
  • the compacting in step d) can thus be separated in time, i.e. the material can first be sintered with the gas and after some time it can be subjected to HVC.
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated with the process argon oxygen decarburization.
  • Argon oxygen decarburization is a process used for making stainless steel and other high grade alloys with oxidizable elements such as chromium and aluminum. After initial melting the metal is then transferred to an AOD vessel where it will be subjected to three steps of refining; decarburization, reduction and desulphurization.
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated in a vacuum furnace.
  • a full dense component manufactured according to the procedure above, with a density of more than 98% of the theoretical density, wherein the component comprises a carbon-containing steel. In one embodiment the density is more than 99% of the theoretical density.
  • agglomeration in step b) is added in an amount corresponding to the difference between the carbon content in the carbon-containing steel in step a) and the desired carbon content of the finished steel.
  • the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of graphite. In one embodiment the carbon in elemental form in step b) is added in the form of a carbon powder.
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated so that the carbon content is reduced to a carbon content less than 0.10wt%, preferably less than 0.050wt%.
  • the compacted agglomerated powder from step c) is sintered.
  • a gas comprising carbon atoms is added during sintering in order to prevent carburizing or decarburization.
  • the gas is methane.
  • the compacted agglomerated powder from step c) is subjected to at least one treatment selected from the group consisting of sintering, HVC (high velocity compaction, i.e. compaction with a ram speed exceeding 5 m/s)
  • HVC high velocity compaction, i.e. compaction with a ram speed exceeding 5 m/s
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated with the process argon oxygen decarburization.
  • the carbon-containing steel prior to gas atomization in step a) is treated in a vacuum furnace.
  • a 42CrMo4 steel type with a carbon content of about 0.4wt% was atomized and sieved to a powder with a maximum particle size of 150 pm.
  • the powder was agglomerated and then pressed in a so-called HVC (High Velocity
  • the steel was passed through a so-called AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburizer) where the carbon content in the steel was reduced down to a carbon content of under 0.1 wt%, specifically 0.08wt%.
  • AOD Aral Oxygen Decarburizer
  • the steel was atomized to powder as described above and agglomerated.
  • the atmosphere in the subsequent sintering was hydrogen, with a small addition of methane with such a concentration that no decarburization occurred during sintering.
  • the steel is called 100Cr6 (1 .3505).
  • the steel has a carbon content of about 1 wt% and is relatively "hard” when it is hardened.
  • the density after direct compression was only 72% of the theoretical density and thus the final density did not reach more than 94% of theoretical density.
  • the content was reduced down to 0.009wt% and made according to the invention. It resulted in a density of the pressed component of 90%. The final density was 99.2%, which gave good properties of the finished component. The final density was obtained after sintering with methane and HVC.
  • hydrocolloide During the agglomeration carbon was added in form of colloidal graphite with a grain size of 1 -3 ⁇ . The amount of graphite was so calculated that the final carbon content should be 1 .05 % which is within the range of the standard forged, wrought material.
  • the parts were then heated in a batch furnace of type CM with a furnace space of 0.4 m in cubic form to a temperature of 1 170°C. Up to 400°C where the binder/hydrocolloide was evaporized the heating speed was 100°C/hr. and after that 200°C/hr. The gas flow of pure hydrogen was 1 .6 m 3 /hr.
  • Methane was added through a flow meter at different rates. On the scale 100 points meant a flow of Methane of 1 .01 x 10 "2 m 3 per hour. This means that about 1 wt% of the carrier gas was hydrogen.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de composants denses solides d'un acier contenant du carbone, comprenant les étapes de : a) fabrication d'une poudre de l'acier contenant du carbone par dispersion par jet de gaz dans laquelle la teneur en carbone est faible, inférieure à 0,15 % en poids, b) agglomération de la poudre de l'étape a) avec au moins un hydrocolloïde et du carbone élémentaire, c) compactage de la poudre agglomérée de l'étape b) à une masse volumique au moins égale à 80 % de la masse volumique théorique, à condition que la poudre agglomérée compactée soit encore poreuse et permette le transport de gaz vers et depuis son intérieur et d) frittage de la poudre compactée à une masse volumique supérieure à 98 % de la masse volumique théorique, de préférence supérieure à 99 % de la masse volumique théorique, un gaz comprenant du carbone étant ajouté pendant le frittage et finalement soumission du composant à HVC. Les avantages comprennent le fait qu'il est possible de fabriquer un composant dense de poudres qui serait autrement difficile à compacter.
EP16706180.3A 2015-02-25 2016-02-24 Compactage de poudre métallique dispersée par jet de gaz sur une pièce Withdrawn EP3261789A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE1550209 2015-02-25
PCT/EP2016/053852 WO2016135187A1 (fr) 2015-02-25 2016-02-24 Compactage de poudre métallique dispersée par jet de gaz sur une pièce

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP3261789A1 true EP3261789A1 (fr) 2018-01-03

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US (1) US20170361378A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3261789A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107567362A (fr)
WO (1) WO2016135187A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019122307A1 (fr) 2017-12-22 2019-06-27 Querdenkfabrik Ag Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce moulée à aimantation temporaire et pièce moulée à aimantation temporaire
CN109719760A (zh) * 2018-12-25 2019-05-07 杭州巨星科技股份有限公司 粉末冶金折叠刀及其制造工艺

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4632702A (en) * 1985-10-15 1986-12-30 Worl-Tech Limited Manufacture and consolidation of alloy metal powder billets
SE9800153D0 (sv) * 1998-01-21 1998-01-21 Hoeganaes Ab Low pressure process
SE518986C2 (sv) * 2000-04-28 2002-12-17 Metals Process Systems Metod vid sintring av kolstål med utnyttjande av bindemedel som kolkälla
WO2006057434A1 (fr) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Jfe Steel Corporation Procede servant a produire un corps comprime de haute densite a base de fer et un corps fritte de haute densite a base de fer
CN101205589A (zh) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-25 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 一种软质铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法
CN101338396B (zh) * 2008-04-29 2010-09-08 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 一种用AOD冶炼00Cr14Ni14Si14不锈钢的方法
SE534273C2 (sv) * 2009-01-12 2011-06-28 Metec Powder Metal Ab Stålprodukt och tillverkning av stålprodukt genom bland annat sintring, höghastighetspressning och varmisostatpressning
EP2376247B8 (fr) * 2009-01-12 2019-12-25 Metal Additive Technologies Procèdè de produire des pièces à multiples niveaux obtenues à partir d'une poudre métallique sphérique agglomérée

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20170361378A1 (en) 2017-12-21
CN107567362A (zh) 2018-01-09
WO2016135187A1 (fr) 2016-09-01

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