Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/07—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making fire- or flame-proof filaments
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
  • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
  • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F2/06—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from viscose
  • D01F2/08—Composition of the spinning solution or the bath

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of a yarn from a dope, a process for the production of a nonwoven and a non-woven, which is formed from a yarn.
• the prior art discloses processes for the preparation of a yarn of a spinning composition suitable for producing a nonwoven fabric.
• the prior art also discloses processes for producing a nonwoven fabric and nonwovens formed from yarn.
• nonwovens are known in which initially particulate aerogels are or are attached to the yarn by means of an adhesive.
• Such nonwovens which are also referred to as airgel nonwoven or non-woven airgel, are preferably used for thermal insulation of buildings, for cooling systems and other surface-to-insulating structures.
• Such webs are relatively stiff and usually have thicknesses from about 5 mm.
• a nonwoven airgel known as a composite material.
• yarns are understood to mean fibers of this type which are suitable for producing fleece and / or for producing a textile.
• airgel is understood in particular to be an open-cell, mesoporous, solid solid which consists of a network of one another connected nanostructures.
• the term airgel does not refer to a particular material composition but to a geometric arrangement in which a substance may be present.
• Amorphous silica aerogels are used in the prior art, inter alia, in insulating products, for example as aerogels filled double-shell composite elements of glass fiber reinforced polyester resins, as insulating mats with aerogels on polyester fiberglass as a carrier material or as granules as Einblasdämmstoff.
• Aerogels that are used as or for insulation materials are often made of amorphous silicic acid (silica). Such silica aerogels have a very good insulating effect, which is achieved by a low solids content and a large number of very small pores. The pore diameter is in the nanometer range and is less than a mean free wavelength of air, which prevents the heat conduction in the gas phase.
• the thermal conductivity of silica aerogels as a bed with 0.018 W / mK is significantly lower than that of conventional mineral wool insulation materials (0.032-0.034 W / mK) or polystyrene (0.029-0.036 W / mK).
• the porous, nano-scaled structure also reduces the speed of the sound and gives the airgel sound-absorbing properties.
• the surface of airgel particles is hydrophobic and thus resistant to moisture and mildew. Aerogels can be formed from translucent particles and therefore used in translucent composite elements. They have a very high porosity of over 90%, in particular over 98% or 99%.
• Known particulate aerogels are usually stored or arranged in closed geometries, since the particulate aerogels would be unintentionally scattered due to their low density by any air flow, even of the slightest kind.
• the invention is based on the object to provide an improved process for producing a yarn from a spinning dope, an improved process for producing a nonwoven and an improved nonwoven.
• the object is achieved according to the method according to the invention by the feature combination specified in claim 1.
• the method for producing a nonwoven relating to the object is achieved by the feature combination specified in claim 5.
• the object is achieved according to the invention by the feature combination specified in claim 6.
• the spinning mass comprises a particulate silicate airgel.
• the proportion of the silicate airgel is homogeneously mixed with or incorporated in the spinning composition before or during a spinning process with the further constituent or with the further constituents of the spinning mass.
• the dope is pressed before curing by a number of hole nozzles, whereby the yarn is formed.
• a silicate airgel in which a maximum dimension of each particle is 20 microns, 15 microns, 10 microns or 8 microns.
• the yarn produced according to the invention is particularly suitable for producing a very advantageous nonwoven and for producing a particularly advantageous textile.
• the silicate airgel which in the prior art can be inhaled as the finest dust by humans and can cause health problems, is firmly integrated in the yarn produced according to the invention and consequently in the nonwoven fabric according to the invention and in a textile made from said yarn, whereby health impairments largely excluded are.
• the silicate airgel preferably has a porosity of 98% or 99%, which means that the silicate airgel contains 98% or 99% air.
• a nonwoven according to the invention produced with the yarn produced according to the invention is significantly more flexible than a conventional nonwoven in which dust-like and / or particulate aerogels are attached to conventional yarn by means of an adhesive.
• a textile produced with the yarn produced according to the invention is significantly more flexible than a conventional textile in which particulate aerogels are attached to conventional yarn by means of an adhesive.
• a nonwoven according to the invention produced with the yarn produced according to the invention can be brought into various and arbitrary shapes and thus can be used universally.
• the required in the prior art also hazardous to health adhesive, with which initially dusty aerogels are attached to the yarn, unnecessary.
• Another advantage is the firm binding of the particulate silicate airgel in the yarn.
• the yarn is very easy to wash without, as in the prior art abrasion of externally arranged on the yarn particles of silicate airgel occurs.
• particles can not escape or be lost by mechanical stresses, in particular by friction or movement, as is the case with externally arranged on the yarn particles of silicate airgel in the prior art.
• the spinning mass comprises a proportion of cellulose between 55 vol.% And 65 vol.%.
• At least one flame-retardant substance is mixed with or introduced into the spinning mass before or during the spinning process as a further constituent. It has been found in a particularly surprising manner that the introduction together with the airgel before or during the spinning process leads to the fact that the heat-insulating property of the yarn is not affected and that the flame-retardant substance remains stable on the yarn and in the non-woven fabric made from the yarn, whereas, after the spinning process, flame-retardant substances applied or introduced quickly disengage from the yarn or fleece.
• a metal salt or metal oxide such as, for example, ammonium salts, boron compounds, such as borax and boric acid
• boron compounds such as borax and boric acid
• a flame retardant based on metal oxide for example, antimony oxide, and chloroparaffin (40% to 70% chlorine) or polyvinyl chloride may be used.
• phosphorus compounds such as, for example, diammonophosphate, alkylammonium phosphate, phosphonitrile halides and others.
• the proportion of silicate airgel in the spinning mass is particularly preferably between 38% by volume and 42% by volume. As a result, a particularly good heat-insulating property of the yarn with surprisingly good strength of the same is economically achievable.
• the dope comprises a proportion of cellulose between 58 vol.% And 62 vol.%.
• the spinning dope comprises a proportion of a polymer material which is preferably between 55% by volume and 65% by volume.
• the polymer material is preferably provided instead of the cellulose.
• the polymer material is preferably a polyamide (PA), a polypropylene (PP), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a polyethersulfone (PES) or a mixture thereof.
• PA polyamide
• PP polypropylene
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PES polyethersulfone
• One method relates to the production of a nonwoven fabric.
• a yarn is first prepared according to the aforementioned method and then further processed.
• the yarn is optionally first crushed.
• the same is combined to form a nonwoven, that is to say a fibrous layer, which is also referred to as fibrous web, and on appropriate way interconnected.
• This joining is confusing, not by crossing or entangling the yarns, such as weaving, knitting, knitting, lace making, braiding and making tufted products.
• a nonwoven produced according to the invention does not tend to release health-damaging, dusty silicate airgel during deformation or processing, since the flaking or abrasion of silicate airgel arranged on the yarn is or is not possible in the prior art.
• a fleece is made of a yarn.
• the nonwoven fabric is produced by the process according to the invention.
• the fleece is made of a yarn which is formed from a spinning mass which comprises a silicate airgel. This silicate airgel is particulate and homogeneously arranged in the yarn.
• the proportion of silicate airgel in the spinning mass is between 35% by volume and 45% by volume.
• Such a nonwoven fabric is simple and inexpensive to produce and has both good strength properties and a very good thermal insulation effect.
• the proportion of silicate airgel in the spinning mass is preferably between 38% by volume and 42% by volume. As a result, strength and thermal insulation effect are particularly high.
• the spinning mass comprises a proportion of cellulose between 55 vol.% And 65 vol.%.
• the dope comprises a proportion of a polymer material between 55 vol.% And 65 vol.%.
• the polymer material is preferably a polyamide (PA), a polypropylene (PP), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a polyethersulfone (PES) or a mixture thereof.
• PA polyamide
• PP polypropylene
• PET polyethylene terephthalate
• PES polyethersulfone
• the fleece to a flame-retardant finish comprises a flame-retardant substance.
• a viscous dope is first prepared.
• This spinning mass is formed by mixing between 38% by volume and 42% by volume of particulate silicate airgel with between 58% by volume and 62% by volume of cellulose in such a way that both parts are homogeneously mixed with one another. It is possible to use, instead of cellulose, a polymeric material, a mixture of different polymeric materials, or a mixture of cellulose and a number of polymeric materials.
• the particulate silicate airgel is thus integrated into the spinning mass such that the particles are evenly distributed in the spinning mass.
• At least one flame-retardant substance is mixed with or introduced into the spinning mass before or during the spinning process as a further constituent.
• a metal salt or metal oxide is used as the flame retardant substance.
• the thus prepared dope is pressed through a number of hole nozzles, whereby the yarn is formed, in particular spun.
• the yarn thus formed is a thread structure, which is resilient due to its physical properties in terms of textile processing.
• the yarn thus formed is then used according to a first alternative for producing textiles and according to a second alternative for producing a nonwoven.
• Such textiles and / or such nonwovens can be used, for example, as a subfloor insulating material with a low construction height and nevertheless a high insulating effect on heated vehicle elements.
• such nonwovens are useful for the insulation of cavities in the vehicle.
• Such textiles and / or such nonwovens are preferably produced as roll goods, so that a free cutting of insulating material of rolls is possible.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=59054971

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (2)

Citations (2)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2016
  • 2016-05-27 DE DE102016209244.8A patent/DE102016209244B4/de active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-05-29 EP EP17173274.6A patent/EP3249084A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (2)

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