EP3246479A1 - Absorbeur de sons - Google Patents

Absorbeur de sons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3246479A1
EP3246479A1 EP16170670.0A EP16170670A EP3246479A1 EP 3246479 A1 EP3246479 A1 EP 3246479A1 EP 16170670 A EP16170670 A EP 16170670A EP 3246479 A1 EP3246479 A1 EP 3246479A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plates
plate
absorber unit
unit according
absorber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16170670.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3246479C0 (fr
EP3246479B1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Baumann
Abhay Siddeshwar Rajmane
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
G and H SCHALLSCHUTZ GmbH
Original Assignee
G and H Schallschutz GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by G and H Schallschutz GmbH filed Critical G and H Schallschutz GmbH
Priority to EP16170670.0A priority Critical patent/EP3246479B1/fr
Publication of EP3246479A1 publication Critical patent/EP3246479A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3246479C0 publication Critical patent/EP3246479C0/fr
Publication of EP3246479B1 publication Critical patent/EP3246479B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E04B2001/8281—Flat elements mounted parallel to a supporting surface with an acoustically active air gap between the elements and the mounting surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8452—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with peripheral frame members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an absorber unit for absorbing sound, in particular in closed rooms.
  • noise levels In the automotive industry, low-reflection rooms are used to study the exterior noise of vehicles.
  • the noise levels must be recorded in a suitable acoustic environment in order to record, evaluate and, if necessary, process them in a way that enables sound design.
  • psychoacoustics which accounts for large proportions, especially at low frequencies, which are reflected in the human stomach, for example, so there is a need for suitable acoustic environments in this frequency range.
  • Low-reflection rooms have been lined with structured absorbers since the 1950s, in particular with so-called cube or wedge absorbers. Their essential feature is that they have a degree of absorption ⁇ > 99%, measured according to DIN EN ISO 10534-2 in the impedance tube from a certain frequency, called limit frequency f g . This property of a single absorber transfers to the room when its space boundary surfaces are lined accordingly. The quality of the acoustic free field, which results from the absorber properties, can then be determined with the aid of DIN EN ISO 3745 or DIN EN ISO 26101.
  • absorber lengths t in the range of ⁇ g / 4 or ⁇ g / 5 would be necessary to achieve a specific limit frequency f g in the case of structured absorbers, where ⁇ g means the wavelength at the cutoff frequency.
  • ⁇ g means the wavelength at the cutoff frequency.
  • Absorption at low frequencies and less space is basically to be achieved by resonators.
  • the lining depth can be considerably reduced (t ⁇ 0.5 m), but the resonance produces a discontinuous absorption curve, which also leads to discontinuities in the anechoic chamber so that the acoustic field field itself fluctuates and the measurement error resulting therefrom no longer spatially is to be assigned.
  • a resonance frequency alone is not sufficient for the applications described above, since the claim to the degree of absorption applies not only to the resonant frequency but to all frequencies above the cutoff frequency.
  • the absorber unit comprises a plurality of plates of absorbent material for sound, wherein at least two adjacent Plates are arranged to form an intermediate air space spaced from each other so that they form a cavity resonator for frequencies below 50 Hz.
  • the plates of absorbing material itself absorb a wider frequency spectrum, while at the same time serving as boundaries for airspaces, each of which has a less broad but low frequency absorption spectrum.
  • the plates can combine two absorption mechanisms and absorb the desired broad frequency spectrum extending to low frequencies with little space requirement and intercept discontinuities.
  • a flat absorber is provided, which has a low installation depth and at the same time good absorption properties in a wide frequency range, which extends to very low frequencies has.
  • the cavity resonator or several or all of the cavity resonators may have a natural frequency of less than 50 Hz, in particular less than 40 Hz, in particular less than 35 Hz, in particular 30 Hz.
  • the absorber unit preferably consists of individual absorber and air layers, which are arranged so that the highest possible degree of absorption is achieved with the lowest possible installation depth. This is achieved by optimizing the spacing and thicknesses of the plates as well as a suitable choice of absorbent material, because the absorptivity of the resonators depends on the spacings of the plates and the absorption characteristics of the plates on the thickness of the plates as well as their flow resistance.
  • the degree of absorption, from which the cutoff frequency is defined is set to 90%.
  • structured absorbers have a degree of absorption of 99%. Measurements with conventional flat absorbers in the higher frequency range (f> 400 Hz) show that the requirements according to DIN EN ISO 3745 can be met even if the absorption coefficient is set at about 90%.
  • the absorbent material may comprise an anisotropic fabric having fibers, the plates being formed and arranged such that the fibers extend in at least one of the plates along the direction of the plate sequence in the absorber unit.
  • fiber direction is used as follows: It is assumed that a majority of the fibers in a plate runs approximately in the same direction, referred to as the fiber direction. In the preferred examples, this corresponds approximately to the direction of the plate sequence or a direction transverse thereto, but this does not mean that all the fibers are exactly parallel or transverse to this direction or exactly parallel to one another.
  • the direction of the plate sequence typically corresponds to the direction in which the sound strikes the absorber unit during operation.
  • the absorbent material may comprise, for example, mineral wool or open-cell foams.
  • Mineral wool is an anisotropic material that consists of fiber layers glued together. In this case, mineral wool with a fiber direction along the sound direction aligned fibers typically has the lowest flow resistance.
  • Typical length-related flow resistance (DIN EN 29053) of mineral wool, depending on density and arrangement, is between 5 and 35 kPa * s / m 2 .
  • Waves are predominantly absorbed when there is a good impedance matching in the transition region between two media, in this case between air and absorption material. In the structured absorbers of the prior art, this is accomplished by the shaping. In the case of the (flat) absorbers according to the invention, the impedance matching is preferably carried out by adjusting the flow resistance of the absorbent material. Therefore, materials with very low flow resistances are preferably used.
  • the plates may comprise mineral wool in a special installation position.
  • intrinsically stable mineral wool panels with low flow resistance can be used.
  • mineral wool ensures non-flammability class A according to DIN EN 13501.
  • Other materials that have suitable stability and flow resistance are also conceivable.
  • the sheets of absorbent material are preferably formed to have inherent stability. This facilitates installation in the absorber unit, since no special support structures must be provided.
  • the plates may be arranged such that the fiber direction alternates between a progression along the direction of the plate sequence and perpendicular to the direction of the plate sequence from plate to plate.
  • the absorber unit can have at least, in particular exactly three, plates.
  • the fibers of the middle plate may run along the direction of the plate sequence and the fibers of the other two plates may be transverse to the direction of the plate sequence.
  • the thickness of the plates can be between 150 mm and 300 mm.
  • the distances between the plates can be between 100 mm and 200 mm.
  • the plates can all have the same thicknesses and spacings or at least partially different thicknesses and distances from one another.
  • the absorber unit may comprise at least, in particular precisely, three plates, the thickness of one middle plate being smaller than the thickness of the two adjacent plates and the two adjacent plates having different thicknesses.
  • the absorber unit may comprise a boundary surface which, with respect to the direction of the plate sequence, is arranged adjacent to one of the two outermost plates.
  • the plate closest to the boundary surface may be thicker than the middle plate and thinner than the plate farthest from the boundary surface.
  • the plate closest to the boundary surface may have a thickness of 250 mm
  • the middle plate may have a thickness of 200 mm
  • the plate farthest from the boundary surface may have a thickness of 300 mm.
  • the absorber unit may comprise a boundary surface which, with respect to the direction of the plate sequence, is arranged adjacent to one of the two outermost plates.
  • the distance between the middle plate and the plate closest to the boundary surface may be greater than the distance between the plate closest to the boundary surface and the boundary surface and smaller than the distance between the middle plate and the farthest from the boundary surface lying plate.
  • the distance between the middle plate and the plate closest to the boundary surface may be 150 mm, the distance between the plate closest to the boundary surface and the boundary surface is 100 mm and the distance between the middle plate and the farthest from the Limiting surface away lying plate 200 mm.
  • the total thickness of the absorber unit may be less than or equal to 1.5 m, preferably less than 1.4 m, in particular 1.2 m.
  • the total thickness can be between 1.1 m and 1.4 m.
  • At least one of the plates may be covered by a perforated plate on one or both main sides of the plate or in the form of a perforated plate cassette. especially the In the operation of the sound source closest plate may be advantageously formed in the form of a perforated plate cassette.
  • At least one of the plates can be designed in the form of a linkage package. In particular, the plates that are not directly facing the sound in operation, can be integrated into a backdrop package.
  • perforated metal cassettes and / or backdrop packages is advantageous because the structure of the plates themselves and the absorber unit is simple and inexpensive.
  • the absorber unit can be designed such that the air spaces can be used for the installation of cables or pipes. This allows an advantageous structure in the corresponding applications, where for the power supply and / or data exchange, such as sensors or the like, many cables must be laid.
  • FIG. 1 a first preferred embodiment of the absorber unit 1 is shown, the three plates 2, 3, 4 of absorbent material, which are alone or in perforated metal cassettes or scenes built also called absorber packets.
  • the direction of the plate sequence is here indicated by the arrow 5.
  • Arrow 6 indicates the approximate direction in which sound will strike the absorber unit during operation. It should be noted that the absorber unit may also have a different number of absorber packages.
  • the absorption material of all absorber packages mineral wool whose fibers in the middle absorber packet 3 along the direction of the plate sequence of the absorber packages (ie in operation of the sound direction) and in the other two absorber packages transverse to it.
  • an open-cell foam can also be used for the two outer absorber packages.
  • the orientation of the fibers may also be chosen differently, or other materials may be used as long as there are suitable flow resistances.
  • values for the thickness and distances may also deviate from these values, which mainly depends on the materials used and the desired absorption properties.
  • the absorber unit may be limited by an element 7, for example a wall or a boundary surface, which is part of the absorber unit.
  • the first absorber packet 2 is in operation directly facing the sound source.
  • the first absorber package is directly facing the interior of the room.
  • the first absorber packet is preferably in the form of a plate which is installed in a perforated perforated metal sheet cassette (not shown here). This can optionally also be color-coated.
  • the two rear absorber packages 3, 4 are each preferably in the form of a linkage package (not shown here), in which the respective plate is integrated, formed. They can be arranged according to the measurement specification behind the room inside absorber package.
  • a backdrop package includes a frame in which the plate is fitted.
  • the plate can be inserted into the gate frame and held by projections on the inner walls or at the edges of the gate frame on the inner walls. These projections may extend in particular along several, in particular all, sides of the slide frame.
  • the plates are supported along their edges and can be inserted into the frame, guided by the projections.
  • the plates can be inserted from above.
  • the frame is slightly wider than the inserted plate. It would also be possible to provide in the frame a groove in which the plate is inserted.
  • a band for example a perforated belt, can be drawn past from one link side to the other behind a plate.
  • each gate frame exactly one plate is typically used along the sound direction. It is possible that a plurality of plates are stacked, for example, when the plates are made smaller in size than the frame. For example, a plate could be 1200 x 600 mm, while the height of the link frame may be about 3 meters, so that several plates are stacked must be used.
  • the plate or the plates may be formed of exactly one type of mineral wool or have a layer structure of layers of different types of mineral wool.
  • the backdrop frame can be perforated or formed from smooth sheet metal.
  • the sets of wings When the sets of wings are set up, they can be placed on the floor and, if necessary, stacked on top of each other. This is particularly advantageous for room heights greater than 3 meters, because the slide frames should not be chosen arbitrarily large to ensure stability.
  • the scenes with brackets that are attached to the walls connected, for example, be screwed.
  • the air layers between the individual packages can optionally be used for installations of all kinds (cables, pipes, etc.), which is not shown here.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of the embodiment described above. Here, the fiber directions are indicated by hatching.
  • FIG. 3 shows an oblique view of an essentially as in the first embodiment formed absorber unit, but having a boundary surface 7. No wall shown here, as the absorber unit can in principle also be used freestanding.
  • a cavity resonator is also generated between the boundary surface and the third absorber package. Again, the distance can be chosen differently.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
EP16170670.0A 2016-05-20 2016-05-20 Unité d'absorption de sons Active EP3246479B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16170670.0A EP3246479B1 (fr) 2016-05-20 2016-05-20 Unité d'absorption de sons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16170670.0A EP3246479B1 (fr) 2016-05-20 2016-05-20 Unité d'absorption de sons

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3246479A1 true EP3246479A1 (fr) 2017-11-22
EP3246479C0 EP3246479C0 (fr) 2023-07-05
EP3246479B1 EP3246479B1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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Family Applications (1)

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EP16170670.0A Active EP3246479B1 (fr) 2016-05-20 2016-05-20 Unité d'absorption de sons

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112049472A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-08 湖北汇宜建设工程有限公司 一种用于建筑工程施工的隔音棚
CN112969830A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-06-15 香港科技大学 软声学边界平板

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9400092U1 (de) * 1994-01-05 1994-03-10 Jung Akustik Gmbh Frequenzvariables Schallschutzelement
DE202012006256U1 (de) * 2012-06-28 2012-07-31 zörb acustic GmbH Schallschutzelement

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5834711A (en) * 1997-07-09 1998-11-10 Johns Manville International, Inc. Sound control through resonance damping

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9400092U1 (de) * 1994-01-05 1994-03-10 Jung Akustik Gmbh Frequenzvariables Schallschutzelement
DE202012006256U1 (de) * 2012-06-28 2012-07-31 zörb acustic GmbH Schallschutzelement

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HELMUT V. FUCHS ET AL.: "Broadband compact absorbers for anechoic linings", CFA/DAGA'04, STRASBOURG, 22 May 2004 (2004-05-22), pages 955,956

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112969830A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2021-06-15 香港科技大学 软声学边界平板
CN112049472A (zh) * 2020-09-10 2020-12-08 湖北汇宜建设工程有限公司 一种用于建筑工程施工的隔音棚

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3246479C0 (fr) 2023-07-05
EP3246479B1 (fr) 2023-07-05

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