Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
  • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
  • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
  • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/51—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells characterised by AC-motors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
  • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
  • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
  • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
  • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
  • H02M7/53873—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current with digital control
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
  • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
  • H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
  • H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
  • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
  • H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2210/00—Converter types
  • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
  • B60L2210/44—Current source inverters
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
  • B60L2220/10—Electrical machine types
  • B60L2220/14—Synchronous machines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
  • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method and a device for converting current and a vehicle comprising such a device.
• the present invention applies to the field of electronics.
• the present invention applies to the field of DC conversion for powering an engine of an at least partially electric powered vehicle.
• the DC power supply devices of current hybrid or electric vehicle engines comprise autonomous or non-autonomous electrical power sources whose output voltage must be increased so that the voltage at the terminals of a three-phase inverter supplying a current electric motor is sufficient.
• the means used such as voltage choppers, for example, are expensive, take a considerable volume and have a significant weight which directly affects the performance of the vehicle.
• the means used are intended to attenuate the ripples of the electric currents at the output of the autonomous power supply source to deliver to the inverter an electric current close to a direct current.
• the effectiveness of the device is about eighty-one percent.
• the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these disadvantages.
• the present invention aims a current conversion method for a vehicle comprising:
• each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors (or SVM acronym for "SpaceVector Modulation” in English terminology), the output voltage of each inverter being given by a space vector said " reference spatial vector »
• SVM SpaceVector Modulation
• the device which is the subject of the present invention makes it possible to reduce the common mode current in peak and in rms value. So the control of an engine is improved and the life of the engine is increased. In addition, there is a decrease in electromagnetic interference.
• the ripple of the current consumed by an independent power source is reduced which contributes to extending the life of the autonomous power source and to limit the filtering capacity of a continuous bus.
• harmonics as far as the motorization is concerned, are also limited by up to three percent compared to the fundamental frequency, which does not degrade the motor used by overheating.
• each inverter independently by pulse width modulation (PWM or PWM) means only the instantaneous values of the voltages of each phase and makes it possible to reduce the losses due to the ZSVs and CMV.
• PWM pulse width modulation
• the activation sequences are configured so that the reference vectors are out of phase.
• the advantage of these embodiments is to decrease the amplitude of CMV and ZSV.
• each activation sequence of an inverter is configured so that two spatial vectors of the inverter, V and V i + i, with i an integer of between one and six, are activated consecutively by the sequence of activation.
• V r " pu is the ratio of the norm of the conventional reference vector of the inverter n to the norm of the spatial vector V ,
• V ⁇ ef csVM of the inverter activated by the activation sequence is given by the following formula:
• n is an integer between one and two:
• the advantage of these embodiments is to increase the maximum standard of the total spatial vector and therefore the voltage and the supply current of the electric motor.
• the activation sequences are independent.
• These embodiments have the advantage of being able to choose a phase shift between the reference spatial vectors of each inverter to maximize the voltage of the electrical power supply of the electric motor.
• the value of the voltage that induces the electrical power supply of the electric motor can be doubled with a phase shift between the reference voltages between zero and one hundred and eighty degrees.
• the present invention aims a current conversion device which comprises:
• each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors (or SVM acronym for "SpaceVector Modulation” in English terminology), the output voltage of each inverter being given by a space vector said " reference spatial vector »
• SVM SpaceVector Modulation
• the present invention relates to a vehicle which comprises a device object of the present invention and a three-phase electric motor.
• FIG. 1 represents, schematically, a first particular embodiment of a method that is the subject of the present invention
• FIG. 2 represents, schematically, a first particular embodiment of a device that is the subject of the present invention
• FIGS. 3a and 3b show, schematically, reference vectors in an orthonormal frame ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) in the context of FIG. of the present invention
• FIG. 4 represents a vector representative of the input voltage of a three-phase electric motor in an orthonormal reference frame ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) in the context of the present invention
• FIG. 5 shows a particular embodiment of a vehicle object of the present invention.
• FIG. 1 shows a particular embodiment of a method that is the subject of the present invention for a vehicle 50 comprising:
• each inverter being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors (or SVM acronym for "SpaceVector Modulation” in English terminology), the output voltage of each inverter being given by a space vector said " reference spatial vector ".
• SVM SpaceVector Modulation
• each inverter V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , as having the same standard and such as the angle between the direction of a vector V, and the direction of a vector V i + i, with i an integer between one and six, is sixty degrees.
• the origin of the six spatial vectors Vi, V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 at the same determined point of an orthonormal coordinate system ( ⁇ , ⁇ )
• the ends of the spatial vectors V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 define a regular hexagon.
• the vector V is defined as being parallel to the axis a of the orthonormal coordinate system (a, ⁇ ).
• the construction of spatial vectors is visible in Figure 3a.
• the two vectors V 0 and V 7 correspond to zero vectors and are positioned at the center of the regular hexagon defined by the spatial vectors V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 .
• the inverter, 01 or 02 comprises six power switches which are controlled by the application means of an activation sequence, 260 or 265. Three pairs of power switches are mounted in parallel. The power switches have two states, the open state or the closed state. For the activation of a power switch by torque, in open or closed state, the other power switch is controlled in the other state. Spatial vectors V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , each correspond to a combination of activation of the six switches of different power.
• the activation sequence of the spatial vectors corresponds to an activation sequence of the power switches.
• the vector V 0 corresponds to the closing of the first switches receiving current for each pair of switches.
• the vector V 7 corresponds to the opening of the first switches receiving current for each pair of switches.
• the electric motor has three phases pa, pb and pc.
• Each activation sequence, 260 or 265, of an inverter, 01 or 02, is configured so that two space vectors of the inverter, V, and V i + , with i an integer between one and six, are activated consecutively. by the activation sequence, 260 or 265.
• the activation sequence 260 of the inverter 01 comprises six sub-sequences implementing the first subsequence at the sixth subsequence.
• the vector V1 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1 + t2, then the vector V2 is activated for a duration Ts - (t1 + t2).
• the duration Ts corresponds to a period of a clock signal.
• the duration Ts can be defined as the period of a subsequence.
• the vector V2 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1 + t2, then the vector V3 is activated for a duration Ts - (t1 + t2).
• the vector V3 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1 + t2, then the vector V4 is activated for a duration Ts - (t1 + t2).
• the vector V4 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1 + t2, then the vector V5 is activated for a duration Ts - (t1 + t2).
• the vector V5 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1 + t2, then the vector V6 is activated for a duration Ts - (t1 + t2).
• the activation sequence 265 of the inverter 02 comprises six sub-sequences implementing the first subsequence at the sixth subsequence.
• the vector V3 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1
• the vector V4 is activated for a duration Ts - 11.
• the vector V4 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1
• the vector V5 is activated for a duration Ts - 11.
• the vector V5 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1
• the vector V6 is activated for a duration Ts - 11.
• the vector V6 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1, then the vector V1 is activated for a duration Ts - t1.
• the vector V1 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1, then the vector V2 is activated for a duration Ts - t1.
• the vector V2 of the inverter 01 is activated for a duration t1
• the vector V3 is activated for a duration Ts - 11.
• the activation sequences 260 of the inverter 01 and 265 of the inverter 02 are activated consecutively, starting with the first subsequence of each activation sequence in steps 11 and 12. Then the activation sequences 260 and 265, are repeated until the end of the command to start the electric motor.
• the activation sequence of the inverter 01 begins with a subsequence of the activation sequence and the activation sequence of the inverter 02 begins with a subsequence of the sequence of activation such that the vectors activated in the subsequence are different from the activated vectors of the start subsequence of the activation sequence of the inverter 01.
• the duration Ts is a predetermined period which is of the order of 100 ⁇ depending on the performance of the digital device used to control the inverters 01 and 02, for example. The more efficient the device, the weaker Ts is.
• the arithmetic operations of the determination of the activation sequences, 260 and 265, are executable during the control period Ts.
• durations t1 and t2 are defined according to the formula e.
• the cyclic ratio is defined in formula (a) and relating to the inverter 01.
• the duty ratio o 2 is defined in the formula (a) and relating to the inverter 02.
• the durations t1 and t2 are defined according to the formula e C svM-
• the two reference vectors V ⁇ ef vu and V 2 ef vu , inverters 01 and 02 respectively, may be equal.
• the activation sequences, 260 and 265, are independent.
• the inverters are therefore independently controlled.
• the activation sequences, 260 and 265, are configured so that the reference vectors are out of phase.
• the three-phase electric motor is powered by three phases. If the currents of each phase of the electric motor are in phase, the electric motor does not work.
• a phase shift of reference vectors implies a phase shift between the phases of the electric motor that operates.
• the cyclic ratios of each active vector V, and the vector activated consecutively V i + obtained by a conventional modulation of spatial vectors are defined in formulas f and g.
• a duty cycle can be defined as the activation time of a vector divided by the duration Ts.
• the following formulas are defined for an inverter O n controlled according to a conventional modulation of eight spatial vectors V, with i an integer between zero and seven, with n an integer between one and two.
• V r " pu is the ratio of the norm of the conventional reference vector of the inverter n to the norm of the spatial vector V ,.
• V ⁇ ef csVM The conventional reference spatial vector, V ⁇ ef csVM, the inverter activated by the activation sequence is given by the following formula:
• step 1 3 is performed according to the formula dcsvM considering that each inverter, 01 and 02, is connected to the same power supply source. If the standards of the reference vectors of the inverters, 01 and 02, are equal, the formula d is simplified and leads to the formula h CSVM-
• the motor input the vector representative of the input voltage of three-phase electric motor 245 and
• V dc is the value of the voltage at the output of the power supply source.
• the duty ratios ° ⁇ Î, CSVM ® T ° ⁇ i + I, CSVM defined in formulas f and g are modified to obtain the duty ratios ⁇ x £ and ⁇ £ x + 1.
• the cyclic ratios, ⁇ x t and oc i + 1 J are such that the time during which the vector V is active is equal to the time during which the vector V i + i is inactive in the same sub-sequence and vice versa.
• the active modulation of six spatial vectors the number of inverter switching is reduced and the maximum value of the modified reference vector of the inverter is increased.
• two phases of the electric motor among the three phases pa, pb and pc are supplied with positive or negative electric current, a single phase undergoes changes.
• the modified cyclic ratio, ⁇ x, of a vector V, activated by the activation sequence (260, 265) is given by the following formula:
• Step 13 is performed according to the formula d considering that each inverter, 01 and 02, is connected to the same power supply source. Yes the standards of the reference vectors of the inverters, 01 and 02, are equal, the formula d is simplified and leads to the formula h.
• V dc is the value of the voltage at the output of the power supply.
• the angle between the reference vectors of the inverters 01 and 02 is greater than sixty degrees.
• the activation sequences are such that for the first subsequence, for example:
• the phase pa is supplied by the positive voltage at the output of the power supply source divided by two and the phase pb is supplied by the negative voltage at the output of the power supply source; duration t2, the phase pa is powered by the positive voltage at the output of the power supply source, the phase pb is supplied by the negative voltage at the output of the power supply and the phase pc is supplied by the negative voltage at the output of the power source and
• the phase pa is supplied by the positive voltage at the output of the power supply source and the phase pc is powered by the negative voltage at the output of the power supply source.
• the method 10 object of the present invention allows to calculate a ZSV for each inverter.
• the ZSV of the device according to the invention is the subtraction of the ZSV from the inverter 01 by the ZSV of the inverter 02.
• the CMV of the device according to the invention is calculated by averaging the ZSV of the inverters 01 and 02 .
• Table 1 ZSV values of the device object of the present invention for each activation sub-sequence
• Table 1 shows the ZSV values of method 10 and device 20 of the present invention for each activation subsequence. These values are the positive voltage value at the output of the power supply divided by three, zero or the negative voltage value at the output of the power supply divided by three, the value of the output voltage of the power supply. electric power source being.
• Table 2 CMV values of the device that is the subject of the present invention for each activation sub-sequence
• Table 2 shows the CMV values of method 10 and device 20 of the present invention for each activation subsequence. These values are the positive voltage value at the output of the power supply divided by three, zero or the negative voltage value at the output of the power supply divided by three, the value of the output voltage of the power supply. power source being - ⁇ .
• the method 10 and the device 20 objects of the present invention allows to delete the amplification means currently used, such as voltage boosters output from the power source, for example.
• FIG. 2 shows a particular embodiment of a device which is the subject of the present invention and which comprises:
• each inverter 225 or 235 being controlled by a modulation of at least six spatial vectors, the output voltage of each inverter being given by a spatial vector called a "reference spatial vector"
• connection means, 205 and 210, to a power supply source 200 connection means, 205 and 210, to a power supply source 200.
• the inverter 225 comprises six power switches 230 which are controlled by the application means 255 of an activation sequence 260. Three pairs of power switches 230 are connected in parallel. The power switches 230 have two states, open or closed. For the activation of a power switch 230 by torque, in the open or closed position, the other power switch 230 is controlled in the other position.
• the spatial vectors V 0 , Vi, V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 and V 7 each correspond to an activation combination of the six switches 235 of different power.
• the activation sequence 260 of the spatial vectors corresponds to an activation sequence of the power switches 230.
• the vector V 0 corresponds to the closing of the first switches 230 receiving current for each pair of switches 230.
• the vector V 7 corresponds to the opening of the first switches 230 receiving current for each pair of switches 230.
• the inverter 235 comprises six power switches 240 which are controlled by the application means 255 of an activation sequence 265. Three pairs of power switches 240 are connected in parallel. The 240 power switches have two states, open or closed. For the activation of a switch 240 of power per pair, in open or closed state, the other power switch 240 is controlled in the other state.
• the spatial vectors V 0 , Vi, V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , V 7 each correspond to a different activation combination of the six power switches 240.
• the activation sequence 265 of the spatial vectors corresponds to an activation sequence of the power switches 240.
• the vector V 0 corresponds to the closing of the first switches 240 receiving current for each pair of switches 240.
• the vector V 7 corresponds to the opening of the first switches 240 receiving current for each pair of switches 240.
• a switch, 230 or 240, power may be a diode and a transistor connected in parallel.
• the switches, 230 or 240, power are MOSFET transistors (acronym for "Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor” in English terminology) or IGBT transistors (acronym for "InsulatedGateBipolar Transistor” in English terminology).
• the power supply means 200 to a DC power source may be an autonomous power source or a source of electricity connected to the national grid.
• connection means 205 and 210 may be electrical conductors.
• the connection means may comprise capacitors 215 and 220 filtering the ripples of the current of a continuous bus.
• the capacitance value of the capacitors 215 and 220 depends on the ripple rate of the bus current keep on going.
• the DC bus is the electric current at the output of the supply means 200.
• the inverters 225 and 235 are identical.
• the inverter 225 is preferably the inverter 01 described in the description of Figure 1 and the inverter 235 is preferably the inverter 02 described in the description of Figure 1.
• Each activation sequence, 260 or 265, is preferentially a successive, periodic activation of each switch, 230 or 240, of power.
• the activation sequences 260 and 265 are preferably the activation sequences described in the description of FIG.
• Each inverter, 225 or 235 has three electrical conductors at its output and three currents are available at the output of each inverter, 225 or 230.
• the signals at the output of each conductor are similar but out of phase with each other by 2 ⁇ / 3 radiants.
• the electric motor 245 comprises three phases 250 called pa, pb or pc according to the description of FIG. Each electrical conductor is connected to a phase, pa, pb or pc, of the electric motor 245.
• the electric motor 245 is a three-phase asynchronous motor.
• the application means 255 of an activation sequence 260 to the spatial vectors of an inverter 225 and application means 255 of an activation sequence 265 to the spatial vectors of the other inverter 230 are preferably a microcontroller generating a digital control signal during the period Ts.
• inverter 225 to the reference spatial vector of another inverter 235 are preferably made by connecting an inverter 235 to the negative pole of the power supply source 200 and an inverter 225 to the positive pole of the power supply source 200.
• the voltages delivered in the inverters 225 and 235, being of opposite signs, the subtraction is performed automatically.
• the device 20 is such that each element of each inverter, 225 or 235, is connected symmetrically with respect to the electric motor 245.
• the device 20 implements the method 10 described in the description of FIG.
• FIGS. 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b are representations made by means of an embodiment of a device that is the subject of the present invention.
• FIGS. 3a and 3b show reference vectors in an orthonormal frame ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) within the scope of the present invention
• FIG. 3a represents a graph 30a in the orthonormal reference frame (, ⁇ ), representative:
• each inverter V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 , as having the same standard and such as the angle between the direction of a vector V, and the direction of a vector V i + i, with i an integer between one and six, is sixty degrees.
• the origin of the six spatial vectors Vi, V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 at the same determined point of an orthonormal coordinate system ( ⁇ , ⁇ )
• the ends of the spatial vectors V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 define a regular hexagon.
• the vector V is defined as being parallel to the axis a of the orthonormal coordinate system (a, ⁇ ).
• the two vectors V 0 and V 7 correspond to null vectors and are positioned at the center of the regular hexagon defined by the spatial vectors V ; V 2 , V 3 , V 4 , V 5 , V 6 .
• the vector V ef is in transition between the spatial vector Vi and the spatial vector V 2 according to the description of the first activation subsequence of the inverter 01 described in the description of FIG.
• FIG. 3b shows a comparison of the maximum values of the reference vectors for a conventional modulation of spatial vectors and for a modulation as described in the description of FIG. 1, in an orthonormal frame of reference ( ⁇ , ⁇ ). ) for positive values of a and ⁇ .
• Chart 30b shows:
• FIG. 4 shows a graph 40 of a vector simulation, for an embodiment of a device 20 of the present invention, in the representative orthonormal referential (, ⁇ ):
• the norm of the vector 400 is greater than the norm of the vectors 3 ⁇ 4, and V? ef . It is also observed that the standard of the vector 400 is greater than the maximum achievable output of a conventionally modulated inverter or as described in Figure 1.
• the standard of the vector 400 corresponds to the voltage available at the input of the electric motor 245 of the device 20 object of the present invention.
• FIG. 5 shows a particular embodiment 50 of a vehicle that is the subject of the present invention.
• the vehicle 50 can be any type of electric or hybrid vehicle, such as a car, a train or a tram, for example.
• the vehicle 50 includes an embodiment 20 of a device object of the present invention.
• the embodiment 20 of the device which is the subject of the present invention is preferentially connected to DC power supply means of the vehicle 50 and to a three-phase electric motor of the vehicle 50.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Inverter Devices (AREA)
• Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
• Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-01-06 FR FR1550045A patent/FR3031423B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-01-06 KR KR1020177018644A patent/KR20180020941A/ko unknown
  • 2016-01-06 WO PCT/FR2016/050012 patent/WO2016110643A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-01-06 CA CA2972945A patent/CA2972945A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-01-06 EP EP16702170.8A patent/EP3243270A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-01-06 CN CN201680014171.7A patent/CN108124501A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-01-06 RU RU2017127568A patent/RU2017127568A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2016-01-06 JP JP2017535676A patent/JP2018506253A/ja active Pending
  • 2016-01-06 US US15/539,303 patent/US20180026567A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2016-01-06 AU AU2016205951A patent/AU2016205951A1/en not_active Abandoned

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