EP3237708B1 - Fitting for installing between a sash/leaf and a fixed frame of a window, a door or the like, and window, door or the like having such a fitting - Google Patents

Description

• wobei der Beschlag in einen als Öffnungszustand vorgesehenen Kippöffnungszustand schaltbar ist und im Kippöffnungszustand als Schwenkachse eine Kippachse definiert, um welche bei eingebautem Beschlag der Flügel relativ zu dem festen Rahmen in eine Öffnungsstellung in Form einer Kippöffnungsstellung und in eine Geschlossenstellung schwenkbar ist,
• wobei der Beschlag als Öffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung eine Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung umfasst, welche im eingebauten Zustand zwischen einem in Querrichtung der Kippachse verlaufenden Flügelholm und einem diesem gegenüberliegenden Holm des festen Rahmens vorgesehen ist und welche ein an dem einen der Bauelemente vorgesehenes Kupplungselement sowie einen an dem anderen der Bauelemente vorgesehenen Sicherungsarm umfasst, der um eine sich parallel zu der Kippachse erstreckende Drehachse drehbeweglich ist,
• wobei bei Kippöffnungszustand des Beschlags beim Schwenken des Flügels um die Kippachse das Kupplungselement der Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung an dem Sicherungsarm der Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung in radialer Richtung der Drehachse des Sicherungsarms geführt und längs der Kippachse abgestützt ist,
• wobei bei Kippöffnungszustand des Beschlags das Kupplungselement der Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung bei Geschlossenstellung des Flügels nahe der Drehachse des Sicherungsarms und bei Kippöffnungsstellung des Flügels drehachsfern angeordnet ist und
• wobei die Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung für das drehachsfern angeordnete Kupplungselement einen Bewegungsbegrenzer aufweist, durch welchen das drehachsfern angeordnete Kupplungselement bei Kippöffnungsstellung des Flügels an einer von der Drehachse des Sicherungsarms weg gerichteten Bewegung gehindert und dadurch eine maximale Kippöffnungsweite des Flügels definiert ist.

The invention relates to a fitting for installation between a wing and a fixed frame, which are provided as components of a window, a door or the like,

• wherein the fitting is switchable to a Kippöffnungszustand provided as an opening state and in Kippöffnungszustand defined as a pivot axis a tilting axis about which is hinged with built-in fitting of the wings relative to the fixed frame in an open position in the form of a Kippöffnungsstellung and in a closed position,
• wherein the fitting as the opening limiting device comprises a Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung which is provided in the installed state between a transverse to the tilt axis extending wing spar and this opposite rail of the fixed frame and which provided on the one of the components coupling element and provided on the other of the components securing arm comprising, which is rotatable about an axis of rotation extending parallel to the tilt axis,
• wherein in Kippöffnungszustand the fitting when pivoting the wing about the tilt axis, the coupling element of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung is guided on the securing arm of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung in the radial direction of the axis of rotation of the securing arm and supported along the tilt axis,
• wherein at Kippöffnungszustand the fitting, the coupling element of the tilting opening limiting device is arranged in the closed position of the wing near the axis of rotation of the securing arm and at Kippöffnungsstellung the wing drehachsfern and
• wherein the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung for the drehachsfern arranged coupling element has a movement limiter by which the drehachsfern arranged coupling element prevented in Kippöffnungsstellung the wing at a directed away from the axis of rotation of the securing arm movement and thereby a maximum Kippöffnungsweite the wing is defined.

The invention further relates to a window, a door or the like with a fitting of the above type.

Generic prior art is known from DE 202 00 202 U1 , This document discloses a fitting with a fitting part mounted near a tilting axis of a sash, which also can be locked in a closed position on a window frame. For locking the window sash, the fitting part cooperates with a locking bolt which can be moved in the sash circumferential direction on a sash frame of the window sash. When the casement is closed and tilt-open state of the prior art fitting of the wing-side locking bolt is located on the fitting at the level of Einführdurchbrechung a guide. In this position, the locking bolt can pass through the insertion opening of the fitting part during a tilting opening movement of the window sash and the window sash can perform a tilting opening movement. An effective along the tilt axis of the sash supporting the window sash on the window frame is not possible by means of the fitting part and the wing-side locking pin due to the existing between the fitting part and the wing-side locking pin along the tilt axis game

Further prior art is known from DE 10 2007 017 453 A1 , The fitting according to DE 10 2007 017 453 A1 is mounted between a wing rotatable about a vertical axis and a fixed frame of a window, a door, or the like, and includes a rotation opening limiting device that limits the rotation opening angle of the wing. The rotary opening limiting device has a coupling pin which can be moved on the leaf in the circumferential direction of the fold and a holding arm which is rotatably mounted on the fixed frame about a horizontal axis. The coupling pin engages perpendicular to the wing rotation axis in a guide slot of the support arm, which extends on the support arm in the radial direction of the support arm rotation axis.

The object of the present invention, starting from the generic state of the art, is to provide a fitting which ensures a high burglar resistance of a wing of a window, a door or the like which can be tilted with a defined opening width.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the fitting according to claim 1 and by the window, the door or the like according to claim 17.

The claimed Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung comprises a securing arm, which is preferably rotatably mounted on the fixed frame about an axis of rotation parallel to the tilt axis of the wing and also a coupling element, which is preferably provided on the wing. In this case, the securing arm and the coupling element are mounted in particular on a rebate surface of the fixed frame and on a rebate surface of the wing, which is opposite in the closed position of the wing of the rebate surface of the fixed frame. When the tilting axis of the wing is horizontal, the wing spar and the spar of the fixed frame, between which the tilting opening limiting device is provided, extend in the vertical direction. Parallel to the tilting axis, the coupling element and the securing arm of the tilting opening limiting device are supported against each other.

The risk that, for example, burglars want to gain access to provided with a window, a door or the like premises, exists in particular with tilt-open wing. The goal of the burglar is to move the wing away from the fixed frame beyond the tipping opening width. For this purpose, according to experience, forces acting both vertically and parallel to the main plane of the relevant window, door or the like are exerted on a tilt-open wing.

Perpendicular to the main plane of the relevant window, the relevant door or the like, the wing can be acted upon by a burglar, for example in the region of the tilt axis. By levering the wing of the burglar wants to separate the wing kippachsseit of the fixed frame. Such a separation of the sash from the fixed frame is counteracted by the retention device according to the invention, which, when the sash is opened in a retention standby state, is in accordance with claim 1. If the tilt-open wing tilts with force perpendicular to the main plane of the concerned Window, the relevant door or the like lifted from the fixed frame, the retaining element of the retaining device moves along the retaining arm of the retaining device, wherein the retaining arm is pivoted due to the relative to the fixed frame executed movement of the wing about its axis of rotation. The movement of the retaining element along the retaining arm and thus the movement of the wing away from the fixed frame ends as soon as the retainer of the retaining device becomes active and prevents continued movement of the retaining element along the retaining arm. With appropriate design of the length of the restraint arm, the wing in response of the restraint of the invention has a distance from the fixed frame, which is too small than a burglar could penetrate through the gap between the wing and the fixed frame in the premises concerned. The tappet side forcibly separated from the fixed frame remains connected to the fixed frame via both the retaining device and the tipping opening limiting device, which likewise has anti-tampering properties.

The fitting according to the invention according to claim 1 and provided with the fitting according to the invention window, the door provided therewith or the like according to claim 17 are therefore characterized by a high burglar resistance.

Particular embodiments of the devices described in the claims 1 and 17 result from the dependent claims 2 to 16.

Opening the tilt-open wing beyond the tilt opening width limited by the tilt-opening limiting device is possible by releasing the connection between the fixed frame and the wing made via the securing arm and the coupling element of the tilt-opening limiting device. A burglar may be endeavored for this purpose to cancel the effective along the tilt axis of the wing mutual support of the securing arm and the coupling element of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung. This could be accomplished by moving the wing relative to, for example, a lever-type burglary tool along the tilting axis is moved to the fixed frame. Such displacement of the wing along the tilt axis counteracts the anti-displacement device according to claim 2 according to claim. If the anti-displacement device according to the invention is switched to the securing state, the mobility of the vane relative to the fixed frame along the tilting axis is at least limited by the cooperating securing elements of the anti-displacement device. In particular, movements of the wing along the tilting axis are completely prevented by the anti-displacement device and its securing elements.

According to claim 2, a fitting is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is equipped with both a switchable restraint device according to claim 1 and with a switchable sliding safety.

Claim 3 relates to a particularly burglar-proof design of the fitting according to the invention. The retaining element of the retaining device is designed as a mushroom pin, which engages the retaining arm of the retaining device in a guide slot with undercut longitudinal edges.

As shown in claim 4, a restraining arm is provided with a guide slot in a further development of the fitting according to the invention for the restraint, which has a groove bottom in the manner of a guide groove. The groove bottom covers the region of the guidance of the retaining element on the retaining arm of the retaining device to the outside. As a result, the area of mutual support of retaining element and retaining arm is protected against contamination, for example, but also against unauthorized access from the outside.

In a further preferred embodiment of the fitting according to the invention, the retaining element of the retaining device is also used to lock the wing at the fixed frame at regular conditions (claim 5).

Advantageously, while the closing piece with the retaining arm of the retaining device form a structural unit and rotatably support the retaining arm for this purpose (claim 6).

A particularly strong connection of the striker to the associated component results when the striker is connected independently of the retaining arm with the associated component (claim 7). If the restraint arm is articulated on the closing piece and if the connection produced between the closing piece and the restraining arm for this purpose is load-bearing-capable, the connection of the restraining arm to the component provided with the closing piece is also particularly load-bearing and consequently burglar-proof.

In the interest of a particularly high security against burglary is also provided in the case of the invention that the closing piece, in which engages the retaining element of the retaining device in the locked state of the fitting and on which in a preferred embodiment of the invention, the retaining arm of the retaining device is rotatably supported by means of at least one security screw the associated component can be screwed (claim 8). All common types of security screws come into question, such as screws with safety insert, tear-off screws or disposable screws, which can be rotated with conventional tools only in the tightening direction.

According to claim 9 is provided in a preferred embodiment of the invention that the tilt-open wing associated retention standby state of the retainer according to the invention is prepared by the retaining element and / or the retaining arm of the retaining device is moved to a retention standby position or, from which the restraint device can respond when the wing performs an irregular tilt-axis movement relative to the fixed frame. As a result, the transfer of the restraint device into the restraint-ready state can be readily integrated into the functionality of conventional window or door fittings and implemented, for example, by means of espagnolette drives.

Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen specified in the preamble of claim 1 species are basically able to act as restraints according to the invention due to their structural features. This circumstance carries the invention type according to claim 10 bill. For the hardware processor, it is possible to keep one and the same device for different applications in order to reduce its stock. In addition, the fitting part assembly is standardized.

In the case of the invention type according to claim 11, the restraint standby state of the restraint device and / or the securing state of the anti-slip device are inevitably established by transferring the armor from another functional state to the tilt-open state. Separate measures for switching the located in a non-functional state restraint device and / or located in an inoperative position anti-shunt in the functional state is not required accordingly. In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the sliding safety device connected in the securing state limits or completely prevents the mobility of the blade relative to the fixed frame along the tilting axis in both directions.

According to claim 12, the securing state of the anti-displacement device is brought about by moving the wing-side securing element and / or the fixed-frame-side securing element of the anti-displacement device along the tilting axis into a securing position. The switching of the anti-displacement device in the backup state can be integrated as a result, readily in the functionality of conventional window or door fittings. For moving the wing-side securing element and / or the fixed-frame-side securing element in the securing position, in particular a drive rod of the fitting can be used, which can also serve to bring locking elements for locking and unlocking the wing on the fixed frame in and out of engagement.

With structurally simple means, the anti-displacement device according to the invention can be realized when a festrahmenseitiger stop and as wing-side securing element a fixed-frame-side stop associated wing-side counter-stop are provided as a fixed-frame side fuse element. In the securing state of the anti-displacement device, the stop on the fixed frame side limits, in cooperation with the anti-roll-side stop, movements of the blade relative to the fixed frame along the tilting axis.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided as wing-side counter-attacks fitting parts that can be used alternatively as a locking pin.

Due to the multiple use of one and the same fitting part, stockpiling at the fittings processor is simplified. The fittings assembly can be standardized. For the fitting part assembly provided mechanical devices can be used both for mounting of locking elements and for mounting fuse elements of the anti-displacement device according to the invention.

By a particularly high security against burglary, the fitting according to the invention is characterized according to claim 13. In the case of this fitting, the mobility of the wing relative to the fixed frame is preferably limited by means of components of the anti-displacement not only along the tilt axis but also in the transverse direction of the tilt axis or completely prevented.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided for this purpose that the one or more wing-side securing elements of the anti-slip device in backup state of the anti-slip device engages or engages behind a festrahmenseitiges and in the transverse direction of the tilting axis abutment (claim 14).

In the case of a fitting design according to the invention, which has a securing pin as a wing-side counter-stop, is for fixing the wing in the transverse direction the tilting axis provided a securing pin with an enlarged in the radial direction of a pin axis pin head, which engages behind the fixed-frame-side abutment with the pin head. In particular, such a securing pin can alternatively be used as a locking pin (mushroom pin).

If a wing-side counter-stop is provided as the wing-side securing element, which is moved to the securing position in the securing state in the transverse direction of the tilting axis in the securing position, the movement of the wing-side counter-attack for the production of the rear handle on an abutment effective in the transverse direction of the tilt axis abutment in addition to a component have a component along the tilting axis in the transverse direction of the tilting axis.

Such a wing-side counter-stop coincides in terms of its kinematics with circular tongues, which are common as locking elements for locking a wing to a fixed frame. In a preferred embodiment of the invention is therefore used as a wing-side counter-attack usable in the rest as a locking element circular tongue.

To simplify the fitting part mounting the fixed-frame-side securing element of the effective along the tilt axis shift protection and effective in the transverse direction of the tilt axis fixed frame side abutment for the wing-side fuse element as a unit executed in the invention (claim 15).

Such units are available in the form of conventional closing pieces for wing locking. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, such a closing piece is used to at least limit the mobility of the tilt-open wing relative to the fixed frame both along the tilting axis and in the transverse direction of the tilting axis.

In the interest of particular burglar resistance of the fitting according to the invention, the assembly of the fixed-frame-side fuse element and the fixed frame side Abutment screwed in a further development of the invention by means of at least one preferably conventional security screw with the fixed frame.

In the case of Erfindungsbauart according to claim 16 further precautions are taken in addition to the anti-displacement device according to the invention to prevent unauthorized movement of the tilt-open wing along the tilt axis as far as possible. In detail, at least one intermediate element is provided which extends in a gap between a vertical wing spar and the fixed frame opposite thereto, in particular in a folding gap, along the tilting axis. Also by such an intermediate element, the mobility of the wing is at least limited relative to the fixed frame along the tilt axis. Are intermediate elements along the tilt axis provided on both sides of the wing, so unwanted movements of the wing along the tilt axis in both directions are at least partially prevented.

To ensure a high security against burglary on Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung of the fitting according to the invention the coupling element of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung is designed as a coupling pin which engages along the tilt axis with a mushroom head in a guide slot on the securing arm of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung while the mushroom head engages behind the longitudinal edges of the guide slot on the securing arm.

To ensure a high security against burglary on Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung of the fitting according to the invention also provided on the securing arm of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung for guiding the coupling pin of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung guide slot is formed by a guide groove, the groove bottom facing a space outside of the securing arm out. By the closed groove bottom, the region of the mutual support of the coupling pin and the securing arm of the tilting opening limiting device is covered to the outside of the room. As a result, unauthorized access to the region of the mutual support of the coupling pin and the securing arm of the tilting opening limiting device is at least made more difficult.

At a fitting according to the invention with a locking function, the coupling element of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung, for example, provided as a coupling element mushroom head, to ensure high security against burglary on Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung of the invention also serves to lock the wing to the fixed frame. The coupling element of the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung is assigned to the other component of the window, the door or the like, a closing piece. The securing arm of the tilting opening limiting device is preferably rotatably mounted on this closing piece. A particularly strong connection between the striker and the device provided with the closing piece of the window, the door or the like is due to the fact that the striker is connected to the relevant component independently of the securing arm of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung. Due to the special resilience of the connection between the striker and the associated therewith component is in accordance with load bearing rotary bearing of the securing arm of Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung on the striker the connection of the locking piece rotatably mounted on the securing arm to the provided with the striker component also particularly load-receptive.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary schematic illustrations.

Figur 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer nicht erfindungsgemäßen Bauart eines Beschlags für ein Fenster bei Drehöffnungszustand des Beschlags,

Figur 2a

den Bereich II in Figur 1 in der Draufsicht,

Figur 2b

die Anordnung gemäß Figur 2a bei Kippöffnungszustand des Beschlags,

Figur 2c

die Anordnung gemäß den Figuren 2a, 2b bei Verriegelungszustand des Beschlags,

Figur 3

einen Sicherungsarm einer in dem Bereich V von Figur 1 angeordneten Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung des Beschlags gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 4a

den Sicherungsarm gemäß Figur 3 mit seiner Ausrichtung bei geschlossenem Flügel,

Figur 4b

die Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung des Beschlags gemäß Figur 1 im eingebauten Zustand und bei Drehöffnungszustand des Beschlags,

Figur 4c

die Anordnung gemäß Figur 4b bei Kippöffnungszustand des Beschlags,

Figur 5

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Beschlags für ein Fenster bei Drehöffnungszustand des Beschlags und

Figur 6

eine schaltbare Rückhaltevorrichtung des Beschlags gemäß Figur 5.

Show it:

FIG. 1

a perspective view of a non-inventive design of a fitting for a window in Drehöffnungszustand the fitting,

FIG. 2a

the area II in FIG. 1 in the plan view,

FIG. 2b

the arrangement according to FIG. 2a at Kippöffnungszustand the fitting,

Figure 2c

the arrangement according to the FIGS. 2a, 2b when the fitting is locked,

FIG. 3

a safety arm in the area V of FIG. 1 arranged Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung of the fitting according to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4a

the safety arm according to FIG. 3 with its orientation with the wing closed,

FIG. 4b

the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung the fitting according to FIG. 1 in the installed state and in Drehöffnungszustand the fitting,

Figure 4c

the arrangement according to FIG. 4b at Kippöffnungszustand the fitting,

FIG. 5

a perspective view of a fitting according to the invention for a window in Drehöffnungszustand of the fitting and

FIG. 6

a switchable retaining device of the fitting according to FIG. 5.

According to FIG. 1 is a fitting 1 between a in FIG. 1 merely indicated wings 2 and a likewise only suggestively shown fixed frame 3 of a window 4 is provided.

The fitting 1 is an espagnolette fitting whose wing-side fitting parts are accommodated in the usual manner in a fitting part groove which extends on the folding surface of the wing 2 in the wing circumferential direction. Assigned to the wing-side fitting parts of the fitting 1 are fixed-frame-side fitting parts which are arranged on the folding surface of the fixed frame 3 and are connected there to the fixed frame 3.

By turning operation of a handle 5 wing-side espagnolette elements 6 of the fitting 1 are moved in the wing circumferential direction in a known manner. With the espagnolette elements 6 move fitting fittings that are thereby delivered relative to associated fixed frame side fitting parts. In this way, the fitting 1 in a in FIG. 1 and also in a tilt-open state and in a locked state.

In Drehöffnungszustand of the fitting 1 takes the handle 5 in FIG. 1 with solid lines shown rotational position. The wing-side fitting parts of the fitting 1 are positioned relative to the associated fixed-frame-side fitting parts such that the wing 2 can be rotated relative to the fixed frame 3 about a vertical axis of rotation 7 and thereby moved into a rotary opening position or into a closed position.

The conditions, as they are in Drehöffnungszustand of the fitting 1 in the region of the lower transverse spars of the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3, arise from FIG. 2a ,

A lateral locking pin 8 on a vertical driving rod element 6, which in turn is guided on an opening-side vertical spar of the wing 2 in the wing circumferential direction, is arranged outside a lateral closing piece 9. The lateral closing piece 9 is mounted on an opening-side vertical spar of the fixed frame 3 so that it can not be moved. Lower latch pins 10 on lower drive rod elements 6 are at the level of passage openings 11 which are provided on lower closing pieces 12 and which can be passed in the transverse direction of the main plane of the window 4 of the lower locking pin 10.

While the lower espagnolette elements 6 can be moved with the attached lower locking pins 10 by rotational actuation of the handle 5 along the lower wing transverse spar, the lower striker pieces 12 on the lower cross member of the fixed frame 3 by means of conventional security screws (not shown) fixed stationary. A Kreiszungenanordnung 13 with a wing-side assembly part 14 and a festrahmenseitigen circular tongue engagement 15 is in FIG. 2a out of function and thus does not hinder rotational movement of the wing 2 about the vertical axis of rotation 7.

If the wing 2 tilted open relative to the fixed frame 3 and accordingly pivoted about a lower horizontally extending tilting axis 16, so the handle 5 from the in FIG. 1 to rotate by 90 ° in the counterclockwise direction shown in solid lines to switch the fitting 1 from the rotational opening state to the tilt opening state. When Kippöffnungszustand of the fitting 1, the extent shown in phantom handle 5 in FIG. 1 up.

Due to the rotational operation of the handle 5, the vertical driving rod element 6 shifts from its position according to FIG. 2a downward. The horizontal espagnolette elements 6 move according to their positions FIG. 2a to the right. As a result, the lateral locking pin 8 moves away from the lateral closing piece 9. The lower locking pins 10 run into the in FIG. 2a right part of the lower, designed as a double striker closing pieces 12 a. A circular tongue 17 of the circular tongue arrangement 13 is excluded due to the espagnolette movement from an assembly housing 18 of the circular tongue arrangement 13 and dives with a circular motion, which has a component in the transverse direction and a component in the longitudinal direction of the tilting axis 16, in the festrahmenseitigen circular tongue engagement 15 a. All in all, arise due to the rotation of the handle 5 from the horizontal in the upward position to the lower crossbars of the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3, starting from the proportions according to FIG. 2a the conditions according to FIG. 2b ,

Like the lateral locking pin 8, the lower locking pins 10 are designed as a mushroom pin. When Kippöffnungszustand of the fitting 1, the lower locking pins 10 are in itself along the tilting axis 16 extending and in FIG. 1 hinted recognizable longitudinal slots of the lower striker 12 run and now engage with their mushroom heads, the longitudinal edges of the guide slots on the lower strikers 12. In FIG. 2b to the right, the lower locking pins 10 are adjacent to a transversely extending the tilting axis 16 transverse boundary of the guide slots on the lower closing pieces 12 immediately adjacent. The circular tongue 17 of the circular tongue arrangement 13, which dips into the circular-tongue engagement 15, is in the immediate vicinity of an in FIG. 2b Located to the left of her and extending in the transverse direction of the tilting axis 16 transverse boundary of the Kreiszungeneingriffs 15. From a located on its right side transverse boundary of the circular tongue engagement 15, the free end of the circular tongue 17 is slightly further spaced. In addition, the excluded from the assembly housing 18 Kreiszunge 17 engages the Kreiszungeneingriff 15 parallel to the opposite folding surfaces of the wing 2 and the fixed frame. 3

If the wing 2 is pivoted about the tilting axis 16 from the closed position into the tilting opening position and / or from the tilting opening position into the closed position, then the lower closing pieces 12 of the fitting 1 assume the function of tilting bearings for the wing 2. Intermediate elements in the form of lateral stop pieces 19 are arranged in the rebate spaces between the vertical beams of the wing 2 and the opposite vertical beams of the fixed frame 3 and provide a guide of the wing 2 in its pivotal movement about the tilting axis sixteenth

The opening width of the tilted in the tilted opening position wing 2 is limited by two Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 20 which are provided on the transverse in the transverse direction of the tilting axis 16 extending vertical beams of the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3 kippachsfern ( FIG. 1 ).

The structure and operation of the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 20 resulting from the Figures 3 and 4a to 4c ,

Accordingly, each of the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 20 includes a fixed frame side securing arm 21 and a wing-side coupling element in the form of a wing-side coupling pin 22 (FIG. Figures 4b, 4c ). The safety arm 21 is pivotally mounted on a mounting part 23. The mounting part 23 is bolted to the fixed frame 3 at the folding surface and also serves as a closing piece. As such, the mounting member 23 is provided with a longitudinal slot 24 ( FIG. 3 ), whose longitudinal edges are undercut and in the locked state of the fitting 1 can be engaged behind by a mushroom head of the coupling pin 22. To get one in FIG. 3 dash-dotted line indicated axis of rotation 25, the securing arm 21 is rotatable relative to the mounting member 23. In the installed position, the axis of rotation 25 is perpendicular to the provided with the mounting part 23 and the securing arm 21 rebate surface of the fixed frame. 3

In the radial direction of the axis of rotation 25 extends to the securing arm 21, a guide slot 26 which serves to guide the wing-side coupling pin 22 and having undercut longitudinal edges. The longitudinal edges of the guide slot 26 can be engaged behind by the mushroom head of the coupling pin 22 designed as a mushroom pin. A shaft of the coupling pin 22 passes through an engagement opening 27 of the guide slot 26.

FIG. 3 shows the unit of securing arm 21 and mounting member 23 in the view of that side, which faces in the installation position of the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung 20 of the provided with the coupling pin 22 rebate surface of the wing 2. In the FIGS. 4a . 4b, 4c is the unit of securing arm 21 and mounting part 23 in the view of the viewer of FIG. 3 depicting the rear side of the arrangement. A lying towards the viewer groove base 30 of the guide slot 26 on the securing arm 21 is omitted for the sake of clarity.

With the orientation according to FIG. 4a are the mounting member 23 and the securing arm 21 in the closed position of the wing 2 in the rebate between the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3 are arranged.

FIG. 4b shows the entire Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung 20 with the wing closed and 2 in the rotational opening state of the fitting 1. The securing arm 21 takes over the mounting part 23 its basic position in which it extends in the vertical direction. The attached to a wing-side espagnolette 6 coupling pin 22 is within a By rotation of the wing 2 about the vertical axis of rotation 7 of the wing 2 mitbewegte coupling pin 22 unhindered in the transverse direction of the main plane of the window 4 in the Recess recess 28 or leave the recess 28.

When the fitting 1 is moved from the rotational opening state by rotational operation of the handle 5 (FIG. FIGS. 1 . 2a ) in the tilt-open state ( FIG. 2b ), so moves the wing-side coupling pin 22 of the tilt-opening limiting device 20 with the wing closed 2, starting from its in FIG. 4b shown in solid lines downwards. In this case, the coupling pin 22 runs into the guide slot 26 on the securing arm 21 a. In the now assumed position of the coupling pin 22 in FIG. 4b shown in dashed lines. The shaft of the coupling pin 22 passes through the engagement opening 27 of the guide slot 26. The coupling pin 22 of the fitting 1 which is in the tilt-open state is still due to the closed state of the wing 2 relatively close to the axis of rotation 25 of the securing arm 21st

Now, if the wing 2 is pivoted about the tilting axis 16 in the Kippöffnungsstellung, the coupling pin 22 moves within the guide slot 26 from the position according to FIG. 4b in the position according to Figure 4c , At the same time, the coupling pin 22 pivots the securing arm 21 about the axis of rotation 25 from the vertical basic position into the rotational position Figure 4c , A located in the direction of movement of the coupling pin 22 end wall 29 of the guide slot 26 forms a movement limiter for the coupling pin 22 and thereby defines the maximum possible Kippöffnungsweite the wing. 2

In the FIGS. 4a . 4b, 4c the securing arm 21 is shown in the view on its space outside. There, the guide slot 26 of the securing arm 21 is covered by the sake of clarity, transparent groove bottom 30 shown.

The swung in the tilted opening position wing 2 is particularly secure against burglary.

A special burglar security effect on the one hand in the Figures 2a, 2b and 2c shown in detail on the lower cross members of the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3. The lower locking pin 10 as a securing pin, the lower strikers 12 and the circular tongues arrangement 13 jointly form a switchable displacement lock 31, which ensures that the tilt-open wing 2 only at best slightly relative to the fixed frame 3 along the tilting axis 16 can be moved. In this case, the wing 2 is secured along the tilting axis 16 in both directions.

If the wing 2 approximately by means of an attached between the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3 lever-like burglary tool along the tilting axis 16 in FIG. 2b Stressed to the right, so hit the in FIG. 2b connected in the securing position and acting as a wing-side securing elements of the anti-slip device 31 lower locking pin 10 at the opposite transverse boundaries of the longitudinal slots on the lower striker pieces 12, which in turn act as fixed frame-side securing elements of the anti-displacement device 31. The lower strikers 12 accordingly form fixed-frame-side stops for the lower locking pins 10 provided as wing-side counterstops.

In a corresponding manner, the circular tongue engagement 15 act as a fixed-frame-side securing element or as festrahmenseitiger stop and the circular tongue 17 of the circular tongue assembly 13 as a wing-side fuse element or switchable wing-side counter-attack of the anti-displacement device 31 together when the wing 2 forcibly in FIG. 2b is acted upon to the left. Also in the opposite direction of the circular tongue engagement 15 and the circular tongue 17 are effective as a stop and counter-stop, but with greater play along the tilt axis sixteenth

A lateral displacement of the wing 2 in FIG. 2b to the right also acts in FIG. 2b right lateral stop piece 19, a lateral displacement of the wing 2 in FIG. 2b to the left in FIG. 2b left lateral stop piece 19 against.

In the transverse direction of the tilting axis 16, the lower closing pieces 12 form abutments, which are engaged behind by the lower locking pins 10, in particular by their mushroom heads. In the same way, the rear grip of the circular tongue 17 on the circular tongue engagement 15 counteracts a displacement of the wing 2 relative to the fixed frame 3 in the transverse direction of the tilting axis 16.

The Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 20 contribute to the increased security against burglary of the wing 2. Insofern is on the one hand the fact that provided on the tilt-open wing 2 coupling pin 22 of each Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtung 20 with its mushroom head, the longitudinal edges of the guide slot 26 on the associated fixed frame side Locking arm 21 engages behind and thereby counteracts a displacement of the wing 2 relative to the fixed frame 3 along the tilting axis 16. In this case, the connection made between the securing arm 21 and the fixed frame 3 via the mounting part 23 along the tilting axis 16 is particularly resilient.

This prevents that the securing arm 21 is released from the fixed frame 3 due to a force applied to the wing 2 along the horizontal tilting axis 16. A bending of the securing arm 21 as a result of the application of force to the wing 2 is at least considerably impeded by the massive construction of the securing arm 21. The groove bottom 30 of the guide slot 26 on the securing arm 21 makes the area of engagement of the coupling pin 22 in the guide slot 26 inaccessible from the outside of the space and thereby secures the area of engagement of the coupling pin 22 in the guide slot 26 against undesired manipulation.

The conditions in the locked state of the fitting 1 are in Figure 2c shown. In FIG. 1 shows the (dashed lines) handle 5 while down. The lateral locking pin 8 is engaged in the lateral locking piece 9, the lower locking pins 10 have due to the rotational operation of the handle 5, starting from their positions according to FIG. 2b the passages 11 of the lower striker 12 passes along the tilting axis 16 and are now in Figure 2c on the left side of the passage openings 11, where they engage behind with their mushroom heads the longitudinal edges of corresponding longitudinal slots on the lower closing pieces 12. The Kreiszungenanordnung 13 takes over in the illustrated example, no locking function. At the Kippöffnungsbegrenzungsvorrichtungen 20, the coupling pins 22 are in the longitudinal slots 24 of acting as closing pieces mounting parts 23 run in the locked state of the fitting 1.

Also a in FIG. 5 illustrated fitting 60 is correct in construction and operation largely with the fitting 1 according to FIG. 1 match. Modified relative to the fitting 1 is the switchable displacement lock 31 of the fitting 60.

A Kreiszungenanordnung 13 of in FIG. 1 shown type is not provided in the case of the fitting 60. A lateral displacement of the wing 2 relative to the fixed frame 3 act on the lower cross members of the wing 2 and the fixed frame 3 in tilt-open window 4 consequently only serve as wing-side securing elements lower locking pin 10 and the latter as fixed-frame-side securing elements associated lower strikers 12 of the fitting 60 against. In the manner described in detail above, the lower locking pins 10 and the lower strikers 12 of the safety securing device 31 of the fitting 60 jointly prevent unwanted displacement of the tilting wing 2 along the tilting axis 16 in FIG FIG. 5 to the right.

At the location of the rotary tongue arrangement 1 according to FIG FIG. 1 in the case of fitting no FIG. 5 strongly schematic and in FIG. 6 shown in detail switchable restraint 61 is provided. The retaining device 61 is identical in construction to the tilt-opening limiting devices 20 mounted on the window 4, which are tilt-remote.

According to FIG. 6 The retaining device 61 comprises a wing-side retaining element in the form of a retaining pin 62 and a retaining frame 63 on the fixed frame side.

The retaining pin 62 is formed as a mushroom pin and attached to the displaceable along the lower transverse spar of the wing 2 espagnolette element 6, wherein the retaining pin 62 projects perpendicular to the rebate surface of the lower wing crossbar to the retaining arm 63 out. The retaining arm 63 is rotatably supported about a pivot axis 65 on a bearing part 64 corresponding to the mounting part 23 of the tilt-opening limiting device 20. The bearing member 64 is bolted to the lower cross member of the fixed frame 3 fixed to the folding surface. As fastening screws, safety screws of conventional design, not shown here, are used for the sake of simplicity.

At the bolted to the fixed frame 3 bearing member 64, the axis of rotation 65 of the retaining arm 63 is perpendicular to the tilting axis 16 and parallel to the main plane of the window 4. The bearing member 64 also acts as a closing piece and is for this purpose with a longitudinal slot 66 with undercut longitudinal edges Mistake. The undercut longitudinal edges of the longitudinal slot 66 on the bearing part 64 can be engaged behind by a pin head 67, to which a pin shaft 68 of the retaining pin 62 is radially expanded.

Also with undercut longitudinal edges of a guide slot 69 is provided, which extends to the retaining arm 63 in the longitudinal direction and which is limited at its remote from the axis of rotation 65 of the retaining arm 63 end by serving as a retainer transverse wall 70. A groove bottom of the guide slot 69 designed as a guide groove lies opposite an engagement opening 71 of the guide slot 69 and is in FIG. 6 covered.

Due to the connection of the retaining pin 62 to the drive rod element 6, the retaining device 61 of the fitting 60 can be switched by rotary actuation of the handle 5 in different functional states.

In the closed position of the wing 2 and in Drehöffnungszustand of the fitting 60 and accordingly horizontally pointing to the right hand handle 5 is the wing-side retaining pin 62 in the in FIG. 6 shown in solid lines in an inlet 72 between the bearing part 64 and the retaining arm 63 of the retaining device 61. Due to its arrangement, the retaining pin 62 allows a rotational movement of the wing 2 about the vertical axis of rotation 7.

If the fitting 60 is switched from its rotational opening state into the tilt-open state while the wing 2 is still closed, and the handle 5 is rotated counterclockwise by 90 ° for this purpose from its horizontal orientation, the retaining pin 62 moves along the retaining arm 63 in FIG FIG. 6 to the right in the position immediately adjacent to its starting position, which in FIG. 6 is indicated by dashed lines on the right side of the retaining pin 62 shown in solid lines. Thereby, the retaining pin 62 is engaged with the guide slot 69 on the retaining arm 63. The retaining device 61 of the fitting 60 is thus in the retention standby state. In the restraint standby state, the restraint device 61 allows tilting movements of the wing 2 relative to the fixed frame 3.

The restraint-ready state of the restraint 61 is assigned the tilt-open state of the bracket 60. Accordingly, the lower latch pins 10 are engaged along the tilting axis 16 in the lower strikers 12. In cooperation with the lower strikers 12, the lower latch pins 10 engaged in them secure the wing 2 against undesired displacement FIG. 5 to the right.

Against a displacement perpendicular to the tilting axis 16 upwards, the wing 2 is secured to the fixed frame 3, since the lower locking pins 10 with their mushroom heads engage behind the longitudinal edges of the guide slots provided on the lower closing pieces 12 for the lower locking pins 10. And also perpendicular to the main plane of the window 4, the lower locking pins 10 in cooperation with the lower closing pieces 12 of the fitting located in Kippöffnungszustand 60 cause a support of the wing 2 on the fixed frame. 3

When Kippöffnungszustand of the fitting 60 and the associated retention standby state of the retaining device 61 take the retaining pin 62 and the restraining arm 63 of the restraint 61 relative to each other a retention standby position.

If in this functional state of the fitting 60 and in particular tilt-open wing 2, for example in a break-in attempt on the wing 2 kippachsseitig perpendicular to the main plane of the window 4 exerted an irregular raumauswärts directed force with a correspondingly large amount, so is under the force by means of the lower Locking pin 10 and the lower strikers 12 perpendicular to the main plane of the window 4 caused support of the wing 2 to the fixed frame 3 forcibly lifted. At the same time, however, the retention device 61 serving to protect against burglary and for this purpose being switched to the retention standby state becomes effective.

Due to the forcibly brought and perpendicular to the main plane of the window 4 outward tilt-side movement of the wing 2 relative to the fixed frame 3, the retaining pin 62 of the retaining device 61 moves from its drehachsnahen position while pivoting the retaining arm 63 about the axis of rotation 65 along the retaining arm 63, until the retaining pin 62 abuts the transverse wall 70 of the guide slot 69. In the position thus assumed, the retaining pin 62 is in FIG. 6 shown in dashed outline on the right. In cooperation with the transverse wall 70 of the retaining arm 63 prevents the now drehachsfern arranged retaining pin 62 a further violent Abstellbewegung of the retaining pin provided with the wing 2 with respect to the fixed frame. 3

In addition, the restraint device 61 provides burglary protection of the type described above in detail for the tilt-opening limiting devices 20.

Claims (17)

1. Fitting for installation between a sash (2) and a fixed frame (3), which are provided as components of a window (4), a door or the like,

   • the fitting being switchable into a tilted-open state provided as an open state and, in the tilted-open state, defining a tilt axis (16) as a pivot axis, about which tilt axis, when the fitting is installed, the sash (2) can be pivoted relative to the fixed frame (3) into an open position, in the form of a tilted-open position, and into a closed position,

   • the fitting comprising, as an opening-limiting device, a tilt-opening-limiting device (20) which is provided, in the installed state, between a sash spar extending in the transverse direction of the tilt axis (16) and a spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar, and which comprises a coupling element (22) provided on one of the components and a securing arm (21) provided on the other component, which arm can be moved so as to rotate about an axis of rotation (25) extending in parallel with the tilt axis (16),

   • a in the tilted-open state of the fitting, during the pivoting of the sash (2) about the tilt axis (16), the coupling element (22) of the tilt-opening-limiting device (20) being guided on the securing arm (21) of the tilt-opening-limiting device (20) in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (25) of the securing arm (21) and being supported along the tilt axis (16),

   • in the tilted-open state of the fitting, the coupling element (22) of tilt-opening-limiting device (20) being arranged close to the axis of rotation (25) of the securing arm (21) in the closed position of the sash (2) and remote from the axis of rotation in the tilted-open position of the sash (2), and

   • the tilt-opening-limiting device (20) having, for the coupling element (22) arranged remotely from the axis of rotation, a movement limiter (29) by means of which the coupling element (22) arranged remotely from the axis of rotation is prevented from moving away from the axis of rotation (25) of the securing arm (21) when the sash (2) is in the tilted-open position, and thus a maximum tilted-open width of the sash is defined,

   characterized in that the fitting comprises a switchable retaining device (61) which is provided, in the installed state, between a tilt-axis-side sash spar extending in parallel with the tilt axis (16) and a tilt-axis-side spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar, and comprises a retaining element (62) provided on one of the components and a retaining arm (63) provided on the other component, which arm is rotatable about an axis of rotation (65) that extends perpendicularly to the tilt axis (16) and in parallel with a main plane of the window (4), the door or the like,
   in that, in the tilted-open state of the fitting and when the sash (2) is connected to the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side, the retaining device (61) is switched into a retaining standby state in which the retaining element (62) and the retaining arm (63) are arranged relative to each other such that the retaining element (62) is arranged close to the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63),
   in that, during a movement carried out by the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side perpendicularly to the main plane of the window (4), the door or the like, during which movement the sash (2) is removed from the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side, the retaining element (62) is movably guided into a position remote from the axis of rotation in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63),
   and in that, when the sash (2) is removed from the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side, the retaining element (62) arranged remotely from the axis of rotation is prevented from moving in a direction oriented away from the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63) by a retainer (70) of the retaining device (61), thereby limiting the movability of the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side.
2. Fitting according to claim 1, characterized in that
   the fitting comprises a switchable anti-displacement means (31) which is provided, in the installed state, between a tilt-axis-side sash spar extending in parallel with the tilt axis (16) and a tilt-axis-side spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar, and has securing elements, one of which is provided as a sash-side securing element (10, 17) associated with the sash (2) and another is provided as a fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) associated with the fixed frame (3), and in that, in the tilted-open position of the fitting, the anti-displacement means (31) is switched into a securing state in which the movability of the sash-side securing element (10, 17) relative to the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) and thereby the movability of the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) is at least limited along the tilt axis (16).
3. Fitting according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the retaining element (62) of the retaining device (61) is in the form of a retaining pin comprising a pin shaft (68) extending perpendicularly to the tilt axis (16) and in parallel with the main plane of the window (4), the door or the like, and comprising a pin head (67) widened in parallel with the tilt axis (16) relative to the pin shaft (68), in that a guide slot (69) is provided in the retaining arm (63) of the retaining device (61) for guiding the retaining pin in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63), in which guide slot (69) the retaining pin engages perpendicularly to the tilt axis (16) and which guide slot (69) has longitudinal edges which extend in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63) and which are undercut and in that the retaining pin is supported on the retaining arm (63) perpendicularly to the tilt axis (16) by the retaining pin engaging, by means of the pin head (67), behind the longitudinal edges of the guide slot (69) of the retaining arm (63).
4. Fitting according to claim 3, characterized in that
   the guide slot (69) in the retaining arm (63) of the retaining device (61) is formed by a guide groove having an at least partially closed groove bottom which is opposite an engagement opening (71) of the guide groove provided for the retaining element (62) of the retaining device (61) and the side of which that is remote from the engagement opening (71) faces the outer side of the retaining arm (63).
5. Fitting according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the fitting is switchable into a locked state and comprises a striker (64) in which the retaining element (62) of the retaining device (61) engages when the fitting is in the locked state.
6. Fitting according to claim 5, characterized in that
   the retaining arm (63) of the retaining device (61) is mounted on the striker (64) so as to be rotatable about the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63).
7. Fitting according to either claim 5 or claim 6, characterized in that
   the striker (64), independently of the retaining arm (63) of the retaining device (61), can be connected to the component on which the retaining arm (63) is provided.
8. Fitting according to any of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that
   the striker (64), into which the retaining element (62) of the retaining device (61) engages when the fitting is in the locked state, can be screwed to the associated component by means of at least one safety screw.
9. Fitting according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   the retaining device (61) is switchable into the retaining standby state by the retaining element (62) and/or retaining arm (63) being movable into a retaining standby position, the retaining element (62) moved into the retaining standby position and/or the retaining arm (63) moved into the retaining standby position being arranged relative to each other such that the retaining element (62) is arranged, in the retaining standby position, close to the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63) and, during a movement carried out by the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side perpendicularly to the main plane of the window (4), the door or the like, during which movement the sash (2) is removed from the fixed frame (3) on the tilt-axis side, is movably guided into a position remote from the axis of rotation in the radial direction of the axis of rotation (65) of the retaining arm (63).
10. Fitting according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    a device that can be used as the tilt-opening-limiting device (20) is provided as the retaining device (61).
11. Fitting according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the retaining device (61) can be switched into the retaining standby state and/or the anti-displacement means (31) can be switched into the securing state by the fitting being switchable from a further operational state into the tilted-open state.
12. Fitting at least according to claim 2, characterized in that
    the anti-displacement means (31) is switchable into the securing state by the sash-side securing element (10, 17) and/or the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) being movable along the tilt axis (16) into a securing position, the movability of the sash-side securing element (10, 17) relative to the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) and thus the movability of the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) being at least limited along the tilt axis (16) by the sash-side securing element (10, 17) moved into the securing position and/or by the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) moved into the securing position.
13. Fitting at least according to claim 2, characterized in that
    in the securing state of the anti-displacement means (31), preferably by means of the sash-side securing element (10, 17) and/or by means of the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15), the movability of the sash-side securing element (10, 17) relative to the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) and thus the movability of the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) is at least limited also in the transverse direction of the tilt axis (16).
14. Fitting according to claim 13, characterized in that
    the movability of the sash-side securing element(s) (10, 17) relative to the fixed-frame-side securing element(s) (12, 15) and thus the movability of the sash (2) relative to the fixed frame (3) is at least limited in the transverse direction of the tilt axis (16) by the sash-side securing element(s) (10, 17) engaging behind a fixed-frame-side counter bearing effective in the transverse direction of the tilt axis in the securing state of the anti-displacement means (31).
15. Fitting according to claim 14, characterized in that
    the fixed-frame-side securing element (12, 15) and the fixed-frame-side counter bearing for the sash/-side securing element (10, 17) form a modular unit.
16. Fitting at least according to claim 2, characterized in that
    in addition to the anti-displacement means (31) provided, in the installed state, between the tilt-axis-side sash spar extending in parallel with the tilt axis (16) and the tilt-axis-side spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar, an intermediate element (19) is provided at least between one sash spar extending in the transverse direction of the tilt axis (16) and the spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar, which intermediate element extends along the tilt axis (16) in an intermediate space between the sash spar extending in the transverse direction of the tilt axis (16) and the spar of the fixed frame (3) located opposite said sash spar.
17. Window, door or the like comprising a sash (2) and a fixed frame (3) as well as a fitting (60) which is provided between the sash (2) and the fixed frame (3) and is switchable into an open state, the sash (2) being pivotable about a pivot axis relative to the fixed frame (3) into a closed position and into an open position by means of the fitting (60) switched into the open state, characterized in that a fitting (60) according to at least one of the preceding claims is provided as the fitting.

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