EP3231952A1 - Thermally insulating component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermally insulating component (11) for the force - transmitting connection of a cantilever to a building ceiling or a building wall with an insulating body (13) for arrangement between the cantilever and the building ceiling or the building wall and a plurality of steel profiles (15), which Penetrate insulating body (13). On both sides of the insulating body (13) pull-out retainers (17a), (17b) are non-releasably attached to the plurality of steel profiles (15) which project beyond the profile (15) at at least one point.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a thermally insulating component for the force-transmitting connection of a cantilever to a building ceiling or a building wall according to the preamble of claim 1.

State of the art

Thermally insulating components are known from the prior art, which produce a force-transmitting connection of a component to a building, in particular a cantilever to a building ceiling or a building wall. However, such components are complicated and therefore expensive to manufacture. In particular, the installation of reinforcements for absorbing lateral forces and moment forces in the device is complicated. Also, such devices are not very flexible in their length adjustment.

Object of the invention

From the disadvantages of the described prior art, the task initiating the present invention results in the further development of a generic component which has a simple structure and nevertheless reliably absorbs all loads occurring. Furthermore, the device should be suitable for supported and unsupported cantilever elements and be quickly adaptable to predetermined length requirements.

description

The solution of the problem is achieved with a thermally insulating component in that the number of pull-out protection corresponds to at least twice the number of steel profiles. The fact that the steel profile in the longitudinal direction is straight and has no elevations, there is a risk that it is pulled by tensile loads from the cantilever or the building elements. This danger of undressing is reliably prevented by the provision of extract safety devices. The pull-out protection has in the vertical direction at least one projection, for example a pin or a hook, which are cast into the concrete and therefore represent a high resistance in the extension direction.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the safety catch is in each case a front plate arranged on the end faces of the steel profile, which projects beyond the cross section of the steel profile. Stress tests have surprisingly shown that the face plates reliably prevent removal of the steel profiles from the cantilever alone without further pull-out. The end plates also serve as a closure of the open ends of the steel profiles and therefore fulfill a double benefit. Additional pull-out safety devices can, but do not have to be present on the steel profiles.

The invention is preferably characterized by the fact that the pull-out safety device is a U-shaped bracket whose inside width corresponds to the width of the steel profile. A U-bracket has the advantage that it can be easily produced from a steel rod and can project beyond the steel profile on opposite sides. By dimensioning the clear width of the U-bracket both legs can be attached to the steel profile.

As it has proven useful when the legs of the U-bracket project beyond the steel profile. Also, the bend of the U-bracket overhangs the steel profile inevitably. The two-sided projection of the U-bracket leads to a reliable pull-out protection of the steel profile. Only by the destruction and breaking out of concrete, the steel profile could be pulled out of the cantilever or the building ceiling.

Conveniently, at least two pull-out fuses are mounted one behind the other on each side of the steel profile, whereby an outer and an inner pull-out protection on the steel profile is present. The provision of a pair of pull-out safeties increases their effect. Together with a connecting rod, which connects the U-bracket pair to the bends and the steel profiles, a force profile is formed, which is extremely stable and meets all the requirements of a connection element. In addition, the leg ends of the outer U-bracket serve as a holder for a clamp in the steel profile clip.

The invention is also preferably characterized in that the steel profile projects beyond the insulating body on both sides by at most 20 cm and preferably by at most 16 cm. Since the insulating body usually has a thickness of about 8 cm, it follows that the steel profile has a length between 30 and 70 cm and preferably between 40 and 60 cm. In order to prevent the formation of cold bridges, the steel profile must be made of a poorly heat-conducting steel. These are highly alloyed stainless steels, which have a high material price compared to structural steels. Therefore, it is desirable to keep the steel profiles as short as possible.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel profile is a square tube. Although steel profiles with other common cross-sections are conceivable, the square tube is characterized by a high lateral stability. Due to the closed cavity inside the pipe, it can be filled with insulating material and it can also extension profiles are inserted into this. By filling with insulating material, the insulating properties of the device can be improved.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the end plate abuts against the outer U-bracket. The front plate then serves as a reinforcing element for the protruding legs of the outer U-bracket. Act on the hinged to the steel profile yoke very high tensile forces, so their protruding leg ends are reinforced by the face plate on which they rest. A bending of the leg ends is therefore reliably prevented by the end plate. Since the face plate projects beyond the steel profile along the circumference, it serves, as already described above, in particular as a safety catch. Preferably, the face plate has a square shape but may also have other shapes, provided that the projecting leg ends are reinforced by the face plate.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in each case an offset element is attached to the end faces of the steel profile. The provision of an offset element makes it possible that a cantilever plate is steplessly connected by the device to a building ceiling, even if the building ceiling is higher than the insulating body of the device. The fact that the offset element can be plugged into the square tube, a component with offset option is very easy to produce. In contrast to a circular cross section, the offset element can not be in the square tube twist. It is also conceivable to weld the offset element to the steel profile.

Conveniently, the offset element is an angled square tube, which has a substantially Z-shaped configuration. The outer dimensions of the offset element are adapted to the inner dimensions of the square tube, whereby the offset element can be inserted into the square tube. The connection can be made for example by welding. The length of the vertical part of the offset element corresponds to the offset, so that a stepless connection of a cantilever plate is made possible.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the plurality of steel profiles penetrate in the upper half of the insulating body and a plurality of pressure elements penetrate the insulating body in the lower half of the insulating body, wherein the pressure elements each comprise a first part and a second part, which parts are plugged into each other. The pressure element is therefore particularly easy to integrate in the insulating body, even if it has ends with enlarged cross-section. Pressure elements must then be integrated into the insulating body, if the cantilever is not supported by external supports and therefore pressure forces must be transmitted through the device from the cantilever to the building.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and second part each comprise a first and second tube piece, wherein the opposite end faces of the pipe pieces are connected to covers whose cross-section is widened relative to the cross section of the pipe pieces. The covers with enlarged pressure receiving surfaces allow an improved and complete transfer of the pressure force of the cantilever to the building or the building ceiling. The bipartite of the pressure element allows the recording of the pressure element in the insulating body, regardless of the extent in which the covers project beyond the pipe sections. Preferably, the pressure element is made of stainless steel. The pipe sections may have a circular cross section or a polygonal cross section, in particular a square cross section.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the cross section of the first and second tube piece are dimensioned such that the tube pieces are plugged into each other, wherein the distance between the covers in the assembled state of the pressure element substantially corresponds to the thickness of the insulating body. This design feature ensures that the compressive forces to be transmitted act exclusively on the pressure elements and no pressure acts on the soft insulating body, even if the covers abut the insulating body.

Characterized in that the pressure element is filled with an insulating material, which is made possible by its bipartite, the device is well insulated even in the area of the printing elements.

Advantageously, a leaf spring is attached to the ends of the steel profile and between the outer pull-out protection and the leaf spring, a clamping yoke can be suspended. The leaf spring makes it possible that it does not already have to be fastened thereto during the manufacture of the component, but it can only be subsequently attached to it. This facilitates the transport and installation of the device. In addition, the square tube and the drawbar can be made of different materials. It is preferred if the steel profile made of a high-alloy stainless steel and the clamping yoke made of a non-alloyed or low alloy steel.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention foam inserts are arranged on the vertical sides of the square tube. As a result, horizontal displacements of the cantilever can be damped. This is particularly important in terms of improved earthquake resistance of the structure in which the device is integrated, of importance.

Figur 1:

eine axonometrische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Bauelements;

Figur 2:

eine Draufsicht auf das Bauelement aus Figur 1;

Figur 3:

eine Schnittdarstellung des Bauelements entlang der Linie III-III aus Figur 2;

Figur 4:

eine axonometrische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform des Bauelements;

Figur 5:

eine Draufsicht auf das Bauelement aus Figur 4;

Figur 6:

eine Schnittdarstellung des Bauelements entlang der Linie VI-VI aus Figur 5.

Figur 7:

eine axonometrische Ansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform des Bauelements;

Figur 8:

eine Draufsicht auf das Bauelement aus Figur 7,

Figur 9:

eine Schnittdarstellung des Bauelements entlang der Linie IX-IX aus Figur 8,

Figur 10:

eine Draufsicht einer vierten Ausführungsform des Bauelements,

Figur 11:

eine Schnittdarstellung des Bauelements entlang der Linie XI-XI aus Figur 10 und

Figur 12

eine Seitenansicht der vierten Ausführungsform.

Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of three embodiments of the invention with reference to the schematic representations. It shows in not to scale representation:

FIG. 1:

an axonometric view of a first embodiment of a device;

FIG. 2:

a plan view of the device FIG. 1 ;

FIG. 3:

a sectional view of the device along the line III-III FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4:

an axonometric view of a second embodiment of the device;

FIG. 5:

a plan view of the device FIG. 4 ;

FIG. 6:

a sectional view of the device taken along the line VI-VI FIG. 5 ,

FIG. 7:

an axonometric view of a third embodiment of the device;

FIG. 8:

a plan view of the device FIG. 7 .

FIG. 9:

a sectional view of the device along the line IX-IX from FIG. 8 .

FIG. 10:

a top view of a fourth embodiment of the device,

FIG. 11:

a sectional view of the device along the line XI-XI FIG. 10 and

FIG. 12

a side view of the fourth embodiment.

In the FIGS. 1 to 6 is shown a thermally insulating component for the force-transmitting connection of a cantilever to a building ceiling or building wall. The component is designated overall by the reference numeral 11. The component serves as a connection element of the cantilever to a building. The resulting by the cantilever tensile, compressive and shear forces are introduced through the device 11 in the building. In addition, the device 11 acts heat-insulating against the cantilever.

The component 11 comprises an insulating body 13, which preferably has a cuboid shape and can be made of a heat-insulating material, such as a foamed plastic, glass wool or rock wool.

The insulating body 13 is penetrated by a plurality of steel profiles. Because steel profiles are used as reinforcement elements instead of rods, tensile and shear forces can be absorbed by the steel profiles without the need for additional reinforcing elements. The steel profiles can therefore also be referred to as force profiles. Particularly stable steel profiles have proven with rectangular or square cross-section. In the case of the two embodiments of the component 11 shown, the steel profiles are thus square tubes 15. Of course, other polygonal or round tubes are also conceivable than steel profiles. Since steel profiles usually have no projections or elevations along their longitudinal extent, they can be pulled out by tensile load from the concrete elements adjacent to the component. To prevent this, 15 pull-out protection in the form of U-brackets 17 are permanently attached to the square tubes, in particular welded.

Preferably, an outer U-bracket 17a and an inner U-bracket 17b are attached to each side of the square tube 15. As a result, the pull safety of the square tubes 15 is increased from the concrete elements. The U-bracket 17 have two legs, the clear width of the width of the square tubes 15 correspond. As a result, both legs of the U-bracket 17 can be attached to the sides of the square tubes 15.

The legs of the U-bracket 17 extend beyond the square tubes. As a result, an extraction resistance is secured above and below the square tubes 15. Each outer and inner U-bracket 17a, 17b of a bracket pair are connected to a connecting rod 19, whereby the stability of the safety catch is increased and a cracking in the concrete is prevented, since the outer and inner U-bracket 17a, 17b do not move relative to each other can.

The component 11 is manufactured in various required lengths between 1 and 4 meters. Depending on the loads, which are to be expected in the building, per meter meter 11 between 2 and 6 square tubes 15 are inserted into the insulating body 13. Thus, the device 11 in particular at greater lengths during the Transport and installation by bending is not damaged, the individual square tubes are connected to both sides of the insulating body 13 with a longitudinal bar The longitudinal bar 21 is welded to the square tubes 15 and / or to the inner U-brackets 17b. As weather protection, the upper side of the insulating body 13 may be covered with a plastic rail. A component 11 with a length of more than one meter is produced by connecting a plurality of insulating bodies 13 each one meter in length, in particular by gluing them, and shortening one of the insulating bodies 13 to the desired level.

To improve the insulating properties, the square tubes 15 are filled with an insulating material 23 and sealed with plugs 25. The square tubes 15 have only a length of about 40 cm, since at the ends of the square tubes 15 each a yoke 27 is suspended. This two-part construction has several advantages. On the one hand, the tensile reinforcement does not have to be made entirely of expensive, poorly heat-conducting stainless steel, but only the square tubes 15. The clamping yokes 27 can be made of a low-alloyed or unalloyed structural steel, since the thermal conductivity plays no role in the concrete elements. On the other hand, the transport and installation of the component, if the clamping yoke 27 are not part of the device 11 from the outset easier. For attaching the drawbar 27 this is clamped between the protruding legs of the outer U-bracket 17 a and a leaf spring 29. The leaf spring 29 is preferably Z-shaped and attached to the top of the square tube 15.

In the FIGS. 4 to 6 a second embodiment with an offset element 31 is shown. The offset element 31 serves to connect a cantilever to a building, wherein the cantilever has a height which is higher than the height of the insulating body 13. The raised cantilever can then, for example, continuously aligned with the top of a building ceiling. The offset element 31 comprises a first and a second horizontal part 33a, 33b and a vertical part 35, which connects the two horizontal parts 33a, 33b. The offset element 31 is thus substantially Z-shaped. The offset element 31 consists of an angled square tube, wherein the outer dimensions of the second horizontal portion 33b are dimensioned such that it can be inserted into the square tube 15. Preferably, the square tube 15 closes in the present embodiment on the side at which the offset element 31 is inserted, flush with the insulating body 13 from. As a result, the vertical part 35 abut against the insulating body 13 and the square tube 15. The first horizontal part 33a serves as a carrier for the U-brackets 17a, 17b and the leaf spring 29. By the offset element 31 so the force profile is offset on one side upwards. The offset height is preferably between 80 and 140 mm.

If the cantilever plate is designed without outer supports, pressure elements 37 must be arranged in the insulating body 13 below the force profiles. The pressure elements 37 absorb the compressive forces exerted by the cantilever plate on the insulating body, and forward the pressure forces to the building ceiling or the building wall. The pressure elements 37 may be arranged directly below the square tubes 15 or offset to these the insulating body 13 penetrate.

The pressure element 37 is preferably designed in two parts and comprises a first part 39 and a second part 41. The first and the second part are preferably tubular pieces, for example with a square or round cross-section, the outer dimensions of which are dimensioned such that the first and second parts 39 , 41 into each other. The opposite end faces of the pipe sections are covered with covers 43. The covers 43 project beyond the cross section of the pipe sections in order to provide an enlarged receiving surface for the pressure loads. The covers 43 also act as abutment surfaces on the insulating body 13 with their projections. For this purpose, the first part 39 preferably has a length which essentially corresponds to the thickness of the insulating body 13. If the second part 41 is inserted into the first part 39, the cover of the second part 41 abuts against the end of the first part 39. The distance between the opposite covers 43 then corresponds to the thickness of the insulating body 13. Compressive forces are transmitted at the transition of the cover 43 of the second part 41 to the end of the first part 39 between the two parts of the pressure element 37, whereby the insulating body 13 is kept free of compressive forces ,

By its bipartite, the pressure element 37 can be easily arranged in the insulating body, since the first and second parts 39,41 can be plugged from two sides into the insulating body. In addition, the interior of the pressure element 37 may be filled by the open design with an insulating material.

In the FIGS. 7 to 9 another embodiment is shown. In this embodiment, the plug 25 is replaced by a front plate 45. The end plates 45 are welded to the ends of the square tube 15 and project beyond the square tube 15 on all sides by about 2 cm. The outer U-bracket 17a is applied to the end plate 45 and closes flush with the protruding legs of the U-bracket 17a, as in particular FIG. 9 is shown. The front plate 45 reinforces the protruding legs, whereby bending of the legs is prevented, even if a very large tensile force acts on the supernatant of the legs by the hinged clamping yoke 27. In addition, the circumferential projection of the end plate 45 on the square tube 15 causes a further extraction safety of the force profile.

In the FIGS. 7 to 9 It is shown that two longitudinal bars 21 can be arranged above and below the square tube 15 on each side of the component 11. The longitudinal bars 21 may also be arranged in front of or behind the inner U-bracket 17b. The longitudinal bars may be welded to the inner U-bracket 17b and / or to the sides of the square tube 15. The longitudinal bars 21 alone can not provide sufficient safety catch, since the supernatant of the square tubes 15 is too small and the longitudinal bars 21 are naturally round in cross section. However, you can still improve the pull-out safety of the other pull-out fuses 17a, 17b, 45.

In the FIGS. 10 to 12 a further particularly preferred embodiment of the device 11 is shown. Load tests have shown that the U-brackets 17a, 17b are not necessarily required for a reliable pull-out protection when the end plates 45 are arranged on the end faces of the square tubes 15. Preferably, the end plates project beyond all four sides of the square tube 15. This results in a secure hold of the cantilever on the square tubes 15, even without the U-bracket 17a, 17b would be present. Preferably, a circumferential projection of the end plate 45 of the square tube 15 of 1 to 3 cm. In the FIGS. 10 to 12 the device 11 is shown without pressure element 37. This embodiment is therefore intended for supported cantilever or cantilevers. It could in this embodiment of the FIGS. 10 to 12 However, 37 also be provided pressure elements.

In the FIGS. 10 to 12 are also shown as weather protection during transport of the device 11 acting plastic rails 47. The plastic rails 47 are attached to the top and at the bottom of the insulating body 13. Before installing the device 11, the plastic rail 47 is removed.

On the vertical sides of the insulating body 13 foam inserts 49 may be attached, as the FIG. 10 shows. The foam inserts 49 serve to accommodate or dampen horizontal displacements of the cantilever.

Legend:

11

module

13

insulator

15

Square tube

17a

Outside U-hanger

17b

Inner U-hanger

19

connecting rod

21

longitudinal bar

23

insulation

25

Plug

27

Bail

29

leaf spring

31

displacement element

33a, 33b

Horizontal parts

35

vertical part

37

pressure element

39

First part of the pressure element

41

Second part of the printing element

43

cover

45

faceplate

47

Plastic rail

Claims (15)

Thermally insulating component (11) for the force-transmitting connection of a cantilever to a building ceiling or a building wall with - An insulating body (13) for arrangement between the cantilever and the building ceiling or the building wall, - A plurality of steel profiles (15) which penetrate the insulating body (13) and individual pull-out securing means (17), which are permanently fastened on both sides of the insulating body (13) to the plurality of steel profiles (15) and project beyond the profile (15) at at least one point, characterized,
that the number of pull-fuses (17) corresponds to at least twice the number of steel profiles (15). Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the pull-out protection is in each case one on the end faces of the steel profile (15) arranged end plate (45) which projects beyond the cross section of the steel profile (15). Component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pull-out protection is a U-bracket (17) whose clear width corresponds to the width of the steel profile (15). Component according to claim 3, characterized in that the legs of the U-bracket (17) project beyond the steel profile (15). Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on each side of the steel profile (17) at least two pull-out fuses (17) are mounted one behind the other, whereby an outer and an inner pull-out protection on the steel profile (17) is present. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steel profile (15) projects beyond the insulating body (13) on both sides by at most 20 cm and preferably by at most 16 cm. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the steel profile is a square tube (15). Component according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the end plate (45) rests against the outer U-bracket (17a). Component according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that at the end faces of the steel profile (15) in each case an offset element (31) is fixed. Component according to claim 9, characterized in that the offset element (31) is an angled square tube, which has a substantially Z-shaped configuration. Component according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plurality of steel profiles (15) in the upper half of the insulating body (13) penetrate this and a plurality of pressure elements (37) the insulating body (13) in the lower half of the insulating body (13 ), wherein the pressure elements (37) each comprise a first part (39) and a second part (41), which parts can be plugged into one another. Component according to claim 11, characterized in that the first and second part each comprise a first or second pipe section (39), (41), wherein the opposite end faces of the pipe sections with covers (43) are connected, whose cross-section relative to the cross section the pipe sections is extended. Component according to claim 12, characterized in that the cross-section of the first and second tube piece (39), (41) are dimensioned such that the tube pieces (39), (41) are plugged into each other, wherein the distance of the covers (43) in the mated state of the pressure element (37) substantially corresponds to the thickness of the insulating body (13). Component according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the pressure element (37) is filled with an insulating material. Component according to one of claims 7 to 16, characterized in that on the vertical sides of the square tube (15) foam inserts are arranged.

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