EP3230025B1 - Méthode pour la découpe avec un jet de fluide - Google Patents

Méthode pour la découpe avec un jet de fluide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3230025B1
EP3230025B1 EP15787555.0A EP15787555A EP3230025B1 EP 3230025 B1 EP3230025 B1 EP 3230025B1 EP 15787555 A EP15787555 A EP 15787555A EP 3230025 B1 EP3230025 B1 EP 3230025B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
nozzle
workpiece
liquid jet
outlet opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15787555.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3230025A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens-Peter Nagel
Malte Bickelhaupt
Uwe Iben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP3230025A1 publication Critical patent/EP3230025A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3230025B1 publication Critical patent/EP3230025B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004—Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for liquid jet cutting, as it is preferably applied to the cutting of solid materials.
  • liquid jet cutting of solid materials have been known for some time from the prior art.
  • water is preferably compressed with a compressor unit to a very high pressure, which is usually several thousand bar.
  • the liquid then flows through a nozzle, exits through an outlet opening and thereby forms a liquid jet which is directed to the material to be divided. Due to the high speed and the high momentum of the water, the water jet shatters the material in the area of the liquid jet and breaks it up.
  • solid materials can be cut, for example, metal, glass, plastic, wood and similar materials.
  • a device for liquid jet cutting which does not use a continuous stream of water to cut the material, but a pulsed water jet, in which the liquid jet is interrupted at regular intervals.
  • the pulsed liquid jet has the particular advantage that the cutting device manages with a relatively low pressure and above all is significantly more energy efficient than the known continuous jet cutting method.
  • the operating parameters are crucial.
  • a nozzle is known with which a water jet for processing a workpiece can be generated, wherein the water jet is interrupted by an ultrasonic generator periodically.
  • the US 5,927,329 A moreover discloses a nozzle device for generating a pulsed water jet with a movable valve element.
  • the method according to the invention for liquid jet cutting has the advantage that an efficient and energy-saving cutting process is ensured, which additionally leads to an improved cutting edge, so that particularly smooth cut edges can be achieved.
  • the method for liquid jet cutting comprises a compressor unit which compresses a liquid for generating a liquid jet and a nozzle which is connected to the compressor unit.
  • the nozzle has an outlet opening through which the compressed liquid emerges in the form of a jet of liquid, and with an interrupter unit which can interrupt or release a flow of the compressed liquid to the outlet opening.
  • the liquid is compressed by the compressor unit, the outlet opening is brought to the workpiece to be machined up to a machining distance, the liquid jet is alternately released and interrupted by the interrupter unit, while the nozzle is moved relative to the workpiece in a machining direction.
  • the pulse duration of the liquid jet is less than 1000 ⁇ s.
  • the liquid pulses are carried out at a short time interval and a subsequent group of liquid pulses with a time interval which is greater than the time interval of the liquid pulses of the individual groups.
  • the liquid jet pulse impinging on the workpiece surface releases material from the surface of the workpiece which is swept away by the liquid of the liquid jet.
  • the subsequent liquid jet no longer has to work through the already existing liquid through the workpiece, but finds its way directly to the workpiece surface and can continue the further processing.
  • the leached material of the workpiece can also lead to an increase in the cutting effect, if individual particles are not washed away with the processing liquid, but remain in the region of the cut.
  • the subsequent liquid jet pulse this material is pressed into the workpiece and leads to an increase in the cutting action, similar to the addition of an abrasive medium in the known continuous wave liquid jet cutting.
  • the pulsed application also has the advantage that it comes to cavitation effects on the surface of the workpiece, which further increases the material removal.
  • the quality of the cut edges is also improved by the method according to the invention, since the processing liquid no longer has to escape to the side and thereby damage the cut edges. This is amplified by the grouping of the liquid pulses individual bursts, which are temporally spaced apart.
  • the pulse duration is 50 to 500 microseconds, wherein the liquid jet through the interrupter unit periödisch to Production of liquid pulses is opened and closed in an advantageous manner. If the liquid pulses are generated periodically, the workpiece can be moved in the machining direction at a uniform speed, so that a cutting line is formed in the workpiece.
  • liquid pulses per second are generated, ie the liquid pulses are sprayed onto the workpiece at a frequency of 25 to 500 Hz.
  • the frequency of the liquid pulses depends on the processing speed, ie the speed with which the nozzle moves relative to the workpiece and on the thickness and the material properties of the workpiece.
  • the distance of the nozzle opening to the workpiece surface during processing 0.5 to 2 mm, preferably 1 to 2 mm. This distance ensures efficient machining of the workpiece without the back splash of water leading to damage to the nozzle.
  • the nozzle is moved relative to the workpiece at a speed of 10 to 1200 mm / min, wherein the feed rate depends on the thickness of the workpiece and the material properties of the workpiece.
  • the nozzle has a nozzle body with a longitudinal bore, wherein the longitudinal bore forms a pressure chamber into which the compressed liquid is supplied.
  • the interrupter unit is formed by a longitudinally movable within the pressure chamber nozzle needle, which opens and closes the outlet opening by their longitudinal movement.
  • FIG. 1 a device for carrying out the liquid jet cutting process according to the invention is shown.
  • a tank 1 the liquid is kept, which is used for liquid jet cutting use, for example, purified water, but also other liquids conceivable.
  • the liquid is supplied from the liquid tank 1 via a line 2 to a compressor unit 3, for example a high-pressure pump, where the liquid is compressed and fed via a high-pressure line 4 into a high-pressure collecting space 5, where the compressed liquid is kept.
  • the high-pressure accumulator 5 is used to compensate for pressure fluctuations, so as to perform the liquid jet cutting at a constant high pressure, without the compressor unit 3 must be readjusted at short intervals.
  • a pressure line 7 leads to a nozzle 10, the nozzle 10 having an interrupter unit 8, here in the form of a 2/2-way valve, and an outlet opening 11 in the form of a restricted passage for the liquid, so that from the outlet opening 11 a Fluid jet 14 emerges, which is sharply focused and during operation encounters a workpiece 15, which is arranged in a processing distance d to the nozzle 10.
  • the inventive method is carried out as follows: In the nozzle 10 is located on the pressure line 7 high-density liquid, the interrupter unit 8 is closed at the beginning. In order to generate a pulsed liquid jet 14, the interrupter unit 8 is now closed and opened at regular intervals so that a pulsed liquid jet 14 which hits the surface of the workpiece 15 emerges through the outlet opening 11. Upon impact of the liquid on the workpiece 15, the affected areas are shattered and washed away the fragments on the effluent liquid. Thereby, the workpiece is cut, wherein the cutting line is generated by a movement of the workpiece 15 in a machining direction, wherein it can also be provided that not the workpiece 15, but the nozzle 10 is moved by a suitable device relative to the workpiece 15.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a nozzle 10 according to the invention with the associated workpiece 15.
  • the nozzle 10 shown here has a nozzle body 12, in which a bore 13 is formed, in which a nozzle needle 18 is arranged longitudinally displaceable. Between the wall of the bore 13 and the nozzle needle 18, a pressure chamber 17 is formed, in which the highly compressed liquid is supplied via the pressure line 7.
  • the nozzle needle 18 cooperates with a nozzle seat 20, so that upon contact of the nozzle needle 18 on the nozzle seat 20, the pressure chamber 17 is separated from the injection port 11, which is formed as a bore in the nozzle body 10. If the nozzle needle 18 lifts off from the nozzle seat 20, liquid flows out of the pressure chamber 17 through the outlet opening 11 and forms a liquid jet 14 which strikes the workpiece 15.
  • the nozzle needle 18 is periodically moved up and down, thus releasing the liquid jet 14 or interrupts the liquid supply between two injections.
  • the workpiece 15 is moved in the machining direction 22, it is irrelevant whether the workpiece or the nozzle is moved or both simultaneously.
  • FIG. 3a the time course of the liquid jet is shown schematically, wherein on the ordinate the leaked amount of liquid per unit time Q is removed and on the abscissa the time t.
  • a liquid jet 14 is periodically ejected from the nozzle 10, the individual pulses having a time tp and a time interval from each other from t a .
  • the pulses may, as shown here, follow each other periodically and all be of the same design, or different pulses can also be generated, as shown in FIG. 3b is shown having different durations t p1 and t p3 and also have different time intervals to each other.
  • the frequency of the injection pulses may be increased as the thickness of the workpiece increases or as the strength of the workpiece changes over the processing length.
  • the duration of the liquid pulses t p is less than 1000 ⁇ s, preferably 50 to 500 ⁇ s, in order to achieve an optimum cutting edge, depending on the material.
  • Pulsed liquid jet cutting is particularly well suited for cutting glass fiber or carbon fiber plates (CFRP) or metal sheets, for example aluminum.
  • CFRP carbon fiber plates
  • pulsed liquid jet cutting offers a clear advantage over the continuous jet liquid jet cutting with a much smoother cutting edge, ie the fraying of the carbon fibers at the edge of the cutting edge is largely prevented.
  • the energy input when cutting a CFRP board can be reduced by up to a factor of 20.
  • the pulsed water jet cutting comes with a lower pressure.
  • the liquid is held within the nozzle 12 at a pressure of typically 2500 bar, whereby a pressure increase to 3000 bar is possible.
  • a pressure increase to 3000 bar is possible.
  • this is significantly reduced and associated with correspondingly lower energy consumption.
  • pulsed liquid jet cutting is particularly suitable for plates with a thickness of up to 2 mm, whereby the diameter of the liquid jet is approx. 150 ⁇ m.
  • the pressures used are about 2400 bar, although it is also possible to work with lower fluid pressure.
  • Optimal clock rates are more than 40 Hz with a pulse duration of 1000 ⁇ s or less, whereby the clock rate must be adjusted to the feed rate of the processing, d. H. the faster the feed rate, the higher the clock rate must be.
  • the liquid jet is interrupted periodically by means of the interrupter unit to achieve the liquid pulses.
  • interrupting does not necessarily refer to completely closing the orifice at the nozzle. It may also mean that the interrupter unit throttles the liquid jet only very much, but still some liquid exits at low pressure between the liquid pulses. The described effects are also achieved, provided that the throttling is sufficiently strong.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé de découpe au moyen d'un jet de liquide, comprenant une unité de compresseur (3), qui comprime un liquide pour générer un jet de liquide, une buse (10) qui est connectée à l'unité de compresseur (3) et qui présente une ouverture de sortie (11) à travers laquelle le liquide comprimé sort sous la forme d'un jet de liquide (14), et une unité de coupure (8) qui peut couper ou permettre un écoulement du liquide comprimé vers l'ouverture de sortie (11), le procédé comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - compression du liquide par l'unité de compresseur (3),
    - rapprochement de l'ouverture de sortie (11) d'une pièce à usiner (15) jusqu'à une distance d'usinage (d),
    - passage et coupure, en alternance, du jet de liquide (14) hors de l'ouverture de sortie (11) par l'unité de coupure (8), la buse étant déplacée simultanément par rapport à la pièce dans une direction d'usinage (22),
    - la durée d'impulsion (tp ; tp1 ; tp2) du jet de liquide étant inférieure à 1000 µs,
    caractérisé
    - en ce qu'un groupe d'impulsions de liquide est produit à intervalles (ta1) rapprochés dans le temps et un groupe suivant d'impulsions de liquide est produit ensuite à intervalles (ta2), les intervalles (ta2) étant plus grands que les intervalles (ta1) des impulsions de liquide des groupes individuels.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la durée d'impulsion (tp ; tp1 ; tp2) est de 50 à 500 µs.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le jet de liquide (14) est périodiquement autorisé et coupé par l'unité de coupure (8) pour générer des impulsions de liquide.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de coupure (8) est disposée dans la buse (10).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'entre 25 et 500 impulsions de liquide sont produites par seconde.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la distance d'usinage (d) de l'ouverture de sortie (11) à la surface de la pièce pendant l'usinage est de 0,5 à 2 mm, de préférence de 1,0 à 2,0 mm.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la buse (10), pendant l'usinage, est déplacée par rapport à la surface de la pièce avec une vitesse d'avance de 10 à 1200 mm par minute.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la buse (10) présente un corps de buse (12) avec un alésage (13) et l'alésage (13) forme un espace de pression (17) dans lequel est acheminé le liquide comprimé, l'unité de coupure (8) étant formée par un pointeau de buse (18) disposé de manière déplaçable longitudinalement à l'intérieur de l'espace de pression (17), lequel ouvre et ferme l'ouverture de sortie (11) par son déplacement longitudinal.
EP15787555.0A 2014-12-09 2015-10-27 Méthode pour la découpe avec un jet de fluide Not-in-force EP3230025B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014225247.4A DE102014225247A1 (de) 2014-12-09 2014-12-09 Verfahren zum Flüssigkeitsstrahlschneiden
PCT/EP2015/074887 WO2016091447A1 (fr) 2014-12-09 2015-10-27 Procédé de coupe par jet de liquide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3230025A1 EP3230025A1 (fr) 2017-10-18
EP3230025B1 true EP3230025B1 (fr) 2018-08-29

Family

ID=54364324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15787555.0A Not-in-force EP3230025B1 (fr) 2014-12-09 2015-10-27 Méthode pour la découpe avec un jet de fluide

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10486325B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3230025B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107000238B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014225247A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016091447A1 (fr)

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EP3020520B1 (fr) * 2014-11-14 2018-01-03 HP Scitex Ltd Traitement par courant-jet d'azote liquide de papier, de cartonnage ou de carton
DE102016225373A1 (de) * 2016-12-19 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Fluidstrahls
DE102017204883A1 (de) 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Materialbearbeitung mit einem Eisstrahl
DE102017212324A1 (de) 2017-07-19 2019-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Hochdruckfluidbearbeitung
DE102018200561A1 (de) 2018-01-15 2019-07-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Hochdruckflüssigkeitsstrahls
DE102018202841A1 (de) * 2018-02-26 2019-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vordruck zum Hochdruckfluidstrahlschneiden
DE102018207717A1 (de) 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Hochdruckfluidstrahls
DE102019004685A1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-31 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren zum Materialabtrag an einer Halbzeugoberfläche
DE102019219257A1 (de) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung eines Implantats

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3230025A1 (fr) 2017-10-18
WO2016091447A1 (fr) 2016-06-16
CN107000238B (zh) 2019-07-02
CN107000238A (zh) 2017-08-01
DE102014225247A1 (de) 2016-06-09
US10486325B2 (en) 2019-11-26
US20180015631A1 (en) 2018-01-18

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