EP3227872B1 - Feu clignotant d'alarme pour un systeme d'alarme avec un module lumineux planaire de film mince de matériaux semi-conducteurs organiques (oled) - Google Patents

Feu clignotant d'alarme pour un systeme d'alarme avec un module lumineux planaire de film mince de matériaux semi-conducteurs organiques (oled) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3227872B1
EP3227872B1 EP15802155.0A EP15802155A EP3227872B1 EP 3227872 B1 EP3227872 B1 EP 3227872B1 EP 15802155 A EP15802155 A EP 15802155A EP 3227872 B1 EP3227872 B1 EP 3227872B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
luminous
thin
layer
alarm
light
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EP15802155.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3227872A1 (fr
Inventor
Harald Ebner
Hilmar Konrad
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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Siemens Schweiz AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • G08B5/38—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources using flashing light

Definitions

  • OLED organic semiconducting materials
  • the invention relates to a flashing alarm light for a hazard alarm system.
  • the alarm flashlight has a flashlight source for visual alarming in the event of danger, an energy store for storing electrical energy, a switching element and a control unit for releasing the stored electrical energy from the energy store via the switching element to the flashlight source. It also comprises a housing with a housing-side, preferably flat fastening surface for direct wall or ceiling mounting or for preferably detachable fastening to a base for indirect wall or ceiling mounting.
  • the flash light source is an areally luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials (OLED). The flat, luminous thin-film component is attached to the housing. The light emitted by the flash source is visible to the human eye.
  • the invention further relates to a (first) hazard alarm system which has a hazard alarm center, a detector line connected to it and a plurality of such alarm flashing lights connected to the detector line. It also relates to a (second) hazard alarm system with a radio-supported hazard alarm center and with a plurality of such alarm flashing lights registered by radio at the hazard alarm center.
  • Flashing alarm lights of the type described are often used in combination with an acoustic alarm transmitter, such combined acoustic / optical alarm transmitters being referred to as "sounder beacon", or in German “flash buzzer”. Such alarm flashing lights or acoustic / optical alarm transmitters are preferably mounted on the wall or on the ceiling. Furthermore, combinations of a smoke detector or gas detector with a flashing alarm light are known.
  • Known alarm flashing lights typically have a xenon flashing light tube.
  • the pulse duration of the xenon flash is in a range from 0.5 to 1 ms.
  • the short flash is well perceived by the hearing impaired, who can hardly hear the acoustic alarm signal emitted in parallel.
  • LED flashing alarm lights have recently been offered.
  • the light-emitting diodes (LED) used to generate light have a semiconductor crystal with semiconducting light-emitting materials.
  • the typical pulse durations (approx. 100 ms) are within the normalized range (max. 200 ms)
  • the LED flash generated is considerably more difficult to perceive than the xenon flash. This is particularly the case when the LED flash reaches a person's eye through reflections on walls or ceilings and thus as indirect light, i.e. viewed from the person from behind or from the side.
  • the pulse duration of an LED flash should be a maximum of 10 to 20 ms.
  • a much higher light intensity of the LED flash is required.
  • the corresponding electrical peak power required for this is 100 W and more!
  • LEDs are therefore usually arranged in series or in an array.
  • the total optically active surface of all LEDs is in the range from approx. 1 to 5 cm 2 .
  • Special optics are also required, for example with lenses or mirrors, in order to achieve a light emission that is optimized for the respective national or regional standard.
  • One such norm is e.g. the North American standard UL 1971 v3 or the European standard EN 54-23.
  • the light source for the alarm can also have one or more OLEDs.
  • OLEDs An example of such an OLED light source comprises one or more organic layers sandwiched between two electrodes. One of these electrodes is transparent to allow light to pass through.
  • Such OLEDs can be adjusted to a desired lighting characteristic such as color, temperature and intensity.
  • the light source and the housing can be configured as a fabric, textile, tape or similar material. Accordingly, the alarm flash light can be used in the interior lining and / or window coverings, in a molded part or in a decorative strip in order to create an escape route in a building such as an office or a stairwell.
  • the strobe light can also be used in building fittings such as door handles, door panels, exits, stairs, railings and other building equipment.
  • the strobe light can be installed in the carpeting of a building and / or in the wall cladding of the building to guide the occupants of the building to the emergency exits.
  • an information light in particular an escape sign or safety light
  • the indicator light has a surface element which can be stimulated to emit light and which is designed as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED).
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • Such indicator lights are known to be designed for continuous use as a display for an emergency exit or as an escape route display, or they are switched on in an emergency, for example via a connected fire alarm system. None is disclosed of a flashing or flashing operation of such an indicator light.
  • the flat, luminous thin-film component comprises an inner surface opposite the housing and an outwardly protruding curved luminous surface directed away from the housing.
  • the curved luminous surface is preferably part of the surface of a sphere, a cylinder, a cone, an ellipsoid, a paraboloid or a hyperboloid.
  • the outwardly curved luminous surface creates a cavity which can advantageously be used to accommodate components of the alarm flashing light according to the invention, such as the energy store and / or circuit carrier.
  • the curved luminous surface includes or describes a part of the surface of a sphere, a cylinder, a cone, an in particular biaxial or triaxial ellipsoid, a paraboloid or a hyperboloid.
  • FIG 6 are the radiation characteristics of a flat, luminous thin-film component with a hemispherical luminous surface (characteristic SEMI) as well as those of a flat luminous Thin-film component with a luminous area which comprises the surface of a biaxial half-ellipsoid (characteristic curve ELL). It can be seen that the lateral radiation of the respective flat, luminous thin-film component, ie in directions more parallel to the mounting plane of the alarm flash light, is significantly improved compared to a surface emitter.
  • the flat, luminous thin-film component has above all a uniform luminance on the luminous surface.
  • the curvature of the flat, luminous thin-film component is such that the organic light-emitting diode has a radiation characteristic that approximates the European standard EN 54-23 or the North American standard UL 1971 v3.
  • “Approximate radiation characteristic” here means that the shape of the curvature can be determined in such a way that radiation according to the UL standard or according to the EN standard can be achieved without additional optics.
  • the determination of the degree of curvature can be done by means of optical simulation.
  • “essentially” it is meant that the deviation of a characteristic curve determined in this way for the emission characteristic of the surface-luminescent thin-film component from a required standardized emission characteristic, such as according to UL 1971 v3, is a maximum of 20 percent, preferably a maximum of 10 percent (see FIG 6 ), whereby the specific characteristic also meets the respective standard requirements.
  • the areas under the respective two characteristic curves are determined and compared with one another.
  • Such a flat, luminous thin-film component allows largely free shaping due to its manufacturing principle. This advantageously enables the light emission to be adapted to a required emission characteristic, typically on the basis of a norm or a standard.
  • the free shaping is achieved by applying semiconducting organic light-emitting luminous dyes on a transparent, flexible carrier layer, such as on a plastic film.
  • the luminescent dyes can alternatively or additionally be applied to a preformed, transparent (flexurally) rigid and not necessarily planar carrier layer, such as, for example, on a transparent hemispherical form made of plastic or glass.
  • the preformed carrier layer can in principle have any surface geometry, such as, for example, curved, spherical, cylindrical and the like.
  • the flat, luminous thin-film component is then preferably snapped, framed or glued into the housing.
  • LEDs have a brittle, fragile semiconductor crystal with semiconducting inorganic light-emitting materials. In terms of production technology, they come from a flat wafer, which typically has hundreds of such LEDs. They are therefore also flat.
  • OLEDs are known to be subject to constant aging during operation as a permanent means of lighting or as a display in televisions, computer monitors or tablet computers, with a significant decrease in luminosity over time.
  • a further advantage is that the "efficiency droop" known from power LEDs is considerably reduced in the case of an areally luminous thin-film component according to the invention due to its very large luminous area compared to the luminous area of the power LEDs. It therefore does not have to be controlled in uneconomical electrical limit operation in order to generate sufficient light output.
  • "Efficiency droop” describes the technical effect in which the Luminous efficacy and service life decrease with increasing operating current. In other words, the less light an LED emits, the more economical. A maximum operating current specified by the manufacturer is therefore a compromise between a required service life and the resulting minimum luminous flux of a light-emitting diode.
  • Another advantage lies in the possible implementation of flashing alarm lights with a particularly low overall height. This enables an optically inconspicuous integration into the ceiling or wall area or even behind semi-transparent mirrors.
  • the entire control and monitoring electronics can, for example, “disappear” when flush-mounted. This means that "invisible” integrated and moisture-proof solutions can be implemented, particularly in wet areas in hotel rooms.
  • Another advantage is that the comparatively large luminous area of such a flat luminous thin-film component only leads to a low level of glare compared to a power LED with its extremely high luminance in the main radiation direction of several 100,000 cd / m2. Flashing alarm lights with power LEDs with such high local luminance levels may under certain circumstances fall into a laser protection class, such as class 2M or 3R, which then prohibits the operation of such flashing alarm lights. In such a case, correspondingly complex approval procedures are disadvantageously required.
  • the laser protection classes are specified for Europe in the European standard EN 60825-1.
  • the flat, luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials has in particular no inorganic light-emitting materials.
  • the flat, luminous thin-film component preferably has a luminous area with an area in the range from 10 cm 2 to 200 cm 2 , in particular from 50 cm 2 to 150 cm 2 .
  • the flat, luminous, thin-film component is a flat, luminous, i.e. luminous, controllable component.
  • a flat, luminous, i.e. luminous, controllable component Such a component can be produced in a particularly simple manner.
  • a flat, transparent plastic film or plastic plate is provided with the semiconducting organic luminous dyes, e.g. by means of an inkjet printing process or offset printing, the luminous dyes forming at least part of an emitter layer for the light emission.
  • the plastic film or the plastic plate is typically provided beforehand with a transparent anode layer and then a subsequent hole-conducting layer. After the luminescent dyes have been applied, a cathode layer is then applied.
  • a thin-film component which is produced in this way and which can be controlled to be luminous can then be accommodated as a planar component on the housing of the alarm flashing light.
  • this component can be shaped after its production, e.g. by bending it into a cylindrical shape, or by thermoplastic shaping it into an ellipsoidal, spherical, conical, paraboloidal or hyperboloidal shape, as described above.
  • an optical lens In the case of a planar, two-dimensionally luminous thin-film component, an optical lens must be connected in front of the standard for scattering and / or for the spatial presence of the emitted light.
  • the flat luminous thin-film component can be optically Lens, such as a Fresnel lens, or a mirror can be connected upstream in order to direct emitted light in more lateral directions.
  • the planar luminous thin-film component is designed to emit flash light with an essentially uniform luminance in the range from 10,000 cd / m 2 to 200,000 cd / m 2 , in particular from 25,000 cd / m 2 to 100,000 cd / m 2 .
  • the luminescent thin-film component typically has a carrier, anode, hole line, emitter and cathode layer.
  • the emitter layer has a concentration of luminescent dyes which, when electrically excited, emit at least light in the optically visible range. A desired color can then be emitted when electrically excited by a suitable selection of one, two or more colored organic luminous dyes.
  • the colors can be red, green, yellow, blue or "white", for example. For white light, a mixture of red, green and blue luminescent dyes is typically required.
  • Either the electrically conductive cathode layer or the electrically conductive anode layer preferably has a reflective, preferably metallic layer, so that the light emitted from it by the emitter layer is reflected in the direction of the anode or cathode layer.
  • the anode or cathode layer is transparent for coupling out light. It has, for example, a transparent plastic layer with a transparent, electrically conductive layer, e.g. made of indium tin oxide.
  • the emitter layer has a concentration of luminous dyes that is dependent on the position on the luminous area and thus a local luminance that is dependent thereon.
  • positions such as on a hemispherical luminous surface shape of the flat luminous thin-film component, can be brightly raised or lowered in accordance with the desired radiation direction.
  • the corresponding local electrical power is advantageously proportional to the desired local luminance, since the local electrical power is approximately proportional to the local current flowing there for the light excitation.
  • the locally dependent concentration can be taken into account, for example, during the printing process of the carrier layer, in that a local point is printed one, two or more times, for example, or more or fewer local points remain unprinted.
  • the local luminance is roughly proportional to the local concentration of one or more luminous dyes.
  • the local luminance is roughly proportional to the current that flows locally between anode and cathode for the local light excitation of the luminous dyes.
  • the emitter layer preferably has a local luminance dependent on the position in such a way that the surface-luminous thin-film component has an emission characteristic that approximates the European standard EN 54-23 or the North American standard UL 1971 v3.
  • the cathode layer of the thin-film component has two to four partial cathodes arranged electrically from one another and in particular adjacent to one another.
  • the anode layer has two to four partial anodes that are electrically arranged from one another and in particular adjacent.
  • the partial cathodes or the partial anodes are for electrical excitation via an associated switching element connected to the control unit, so that when a switching element is activated, a respective associated emitter sublayer emits light as a partial luminous surface.
  • the sum of the partial cathode areas or the sum of the partial anode areas corresponds at least almost to the total area of the cathode layer or anode layer.
  • the cathode layer or the anode layer is divided into two to four partial cathodes or partial anodes.
  • the two to four emitter sublayers then preferably emit light of the same color, such as white or red light when electrically excited.
  • partial luminous areas can advantageously be controlled. If necessary, partial luminous areas that are not required for a specific application can remain dark in the event of an alarm, in that they are not electrically excited at least indirectly via the control unit of the alarm flashing light.
  • the respective emitter sublayers have different concentrations of red, green or blue luminescent dyes for the emission of colored or white light.
  • different light colors can be set, such as red, white, yellow or green.
  • the color “white” or “red” can be set e.g. for the visual alarm.
  • the colors “yellow” or “green” can be set, for example, to signal the end of a reported danger in the sense of a "clearance”.
  • the color "white” can be set for emergency lighting purposes.
  • the selective setting is preferably carried out at least indirectly via the control unit of the alarm flash light.
  • the alarm flashlight has an outwardly projecting, in particular outwardly curved, luminous surface that is directed away from the housing.
  • the emitter sub-layers are arranged spatially distributed on the luminous surface in such a way that that with electrical control of the respective emitter sublayer, directed light emission can be achieved in preferably mutually different directions.
  • a direction-dependent light emission is thereby advantageously possible.
  • an outwardly curved illuminated surface of the alarm flash light (see example in FIG 2 and FIG 3 ) be designed in two parts (see FIG 13 ).
  • both luminous surfaces can be controlled for light emission.
  • only the lower luminous surface can advantageously be controlled for light emission. This reduces power consumption in the case of wall mounting, since the upper illuminated area is not required for the visual alarm.
  • the corresponding activation for the respective type of installation is preferably carried out at least indirectly via the control unit of the alarm flashing light.
  • the alarm flashing light has a receiving unit for receiving a first control signal or control command for the control unit.
  • the control unit is designed to control the luminescent thin-film component 2 with a brightness, flash duration, repetition frequency and / or light color determined by the first control signal or with a brightness, flash duration, repetition frequency and / or light color.
  • the first control signal can be, for example, an analog signal. It can be a frequency signal which, viewed spectrally, has several adjacent individual frequencies. The presence of individual or several individual frequencies can then encode the desired brightness, flash duration, repetition frequency and / or the light color.
  • the first control command can represent a bit sequence, for example, with a respective bit group having different values for the brightness, for the flash duration, for the repetition frequency and for the light color.
  • the planar luminous thin-film component is a white-luminous or white-luminous controllable thin-film component.
  • the receiving unit is set up to receive a second control signal or control command.
  • the control unit is set up to control the flat, luminous thin-film component with continuous light with a reduced luminance of a maximum of 4000 cd / m 2 , in particular a maximum of 2000 cd / m 2 , for emergency lighting.
  • the brightness of the emergency lighting can be achieved by providing a reduced emergency luminous flux compared to flash mode. This is only a fraction of the maximum current during flashing in the event of an alarm.
  • it in order to reduce the brightness of the flat, luminous thin-film component, it can be activated extremely briefly with the maximum lightning current and with a repetition frequency of more than 24 Hz. The ratio of flash duration to flash duration and flash break then determines the resulting and flicker-free perceived brightness.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved with a (first) hazard alarm system which has a hazard alarm center, a detector line connected to it and a plurality of alarm flashing lights according to the invention connected to the detector line.
  • the alarm flashing lights each have a receiving unit for receiving electrical energy and / or control commands from the detector line.
  • Such a system is due to the inventive use of a flat, luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials with its numerous advantages over power LEDs such as the optical directivity, the creative freedom in shaping and the elimination of optical means such as lenses and mirrors can be used more flexibly.
  • connection unit is set up to receive control signals or control commands for the control unit. Alternatively or additionally, it is set up to receive electrical energy for the energy store from the detector line.
  • the connection unit is preferably set up to connect a two-wire line. Such two-wire lines are typically used as alarm lines in hazard alarm systems.
  • the connection unit usually has a connection terminal.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved with a (second) hazard alarm system which has a radio-supported hazard alarm center and a plurality of alarm flashing lights according to the invention registered by radio at the hazard alarm center.
  • the alarm flashlights each have a battery and / or accumulator for supplying electrical energy to the alarm flashlight, as well as a radio receiving unit for receiving control commands from the radio-based hazard alarm center.
  • the alarm flashlight has a radio interface as a receiving unit.
  • the radio interface is set up for at least indirect radio reception of control signals or control commands for the control unit from the hazard reporting center.
  • control signals or the control commands are not only transmitted directly, but also indirectly via other radio-supported participants of the hazard reporting system in the sense of a meshed network or a multihop network from a radio-based hazard alarm center to the addressed flashing alarm light.
  • the other radio-supported subscribers can be, for example, conventional flashing alarm lights or flashing alarm lights according to the invention.
  • FIG 1 shows a hazard alarm system 10 with a control center 11 and with three alarm flashing lights 1 according to the invention connected via a common alarm line ML.
  • FIG 1 In the left and middle part of the FIG 1 two alarm flashing lights 1 according to the invention are shown, which are set up by way of example for the sole optical alarm. They can also have an acoustic alarm unit for common alarming in the event of danger.
  • a flashing alarm light 1 according to the invention can be seen, which is also designed as a smoke detector 7 and has a detector unit 8 for smoke detection. All the alarm units 1 shown are supplied with electrical energy E via the alarm line ML, i.e. with electrical current that is provided by the control center 11 and that is ensured even in the event of a power failure in the power supply network by means of network replacement, such as emergency batteries.
  • the flashing alarm lights 1 shown have an areally luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials OLED as a flashing light source 2 for the visual alarm in the event of danger.
  • the alarm flashlight 1 also includes an energy store 3 for storing electrical energy E, a switching element 4 and a control unit 5 for releasing the stored electrical energy E from the energy store 3 via the switching element 4 to the flat, luminous thin-film component 2.
  • the alarm flashing lights 1 also have a wired connection unit 6 which is set up to decouple the electrical energy E from the detector line ML and to provide the electrical energy E for the alarm flashing light 1.
  • the connection unit 6, such as a bus module, is also set up to forward control commands IN, NOT intended for the alarm flashing light 1 to the control unit 5 or to output the alarm message AL output by the control unit 5 to the alarm line ML.
  • the receipt of the control commands IN, NOT takes place preferably addressed to the respective flashing alarm light 1, as well as the output of an alarm message AL from a smoke detector 7 to the control center 11.
  • Such an alarm message AL can then be further processed by the control center 11 at a higher level.
  • the FIG 1 the alarm message AL generated and output by the smoke detector 7 is also used to control the luminous thin-film component 2 for visual alarming.
  • the control unit 5 is preferably a microcontroller on which a suitable computer program is executed.
  • the connection unit 6 can be a radio interface, e.g. on a WLAN or Bluetooth basis, for communication with a radio-supported hazard alarm center 11.
  • the energy store 3 is preferably a capacitor which is suitable for providing high peak currents for the very short flash times.
  • the flashing alarm light 1 is radio-supported and is not continuously supplied with energy E via the alarm line ML, it can have a battery or an accumulator.
  • the switching element 4 is preferably a power switching transistor such as an FET. In the simplest case, in the event of an alarm, the switching element 4 is activated by the control unit 5 with a repetition frequency in the range from 1 Hz to 2 Hz and for a period of time in the range from 0.5 ms to 20 ms to switch through the energy E stored in the energy store 4 to the Areally luminous thin-film component 2 controlled.
  • the respective control unit 5 can be set up to control the thin-film component 2 with a brightness, flash duration, repetition frequency and / or light color determined by a first control command IN.
  • the first control signal or the first control command IN represents an alarm message, on the basis of which the connected alarm flashing lights 1 trigger the flat, luminous thin-film component 2 to flash.
  • the control unit 5 can furthermore be set up on the basis of a second control command NOT to control the flat, luminous thin-film component 2 with continuous light for emergency lighting with a reduced luminance compared to the luminance in flash mode, such as a maximum of 4000 cd / m 2 , in particular a maximum of 1000 cd / m.
  • the thin-film component 2 then preferably shines white or it is driven to shine white.
  • the luminescent thin-film component 2 can technically be designed to emit at least light of a further color, such as red, in addition to light of the color white.
  • FIG 2 shows a first embodiment of the alarm flashing light 1 according to the invention mounted on the ceiling with a flat, luminous thin-film component 2 made of organic semiconducting materials with an outwardly curved hemispherical luminous surface LF.
  • FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 a luminous area LF with a uniform luminance is assumed.
  • the reference number 9 denotes a housing of the flashing alarm light 1 and IF denotes an inner surface of the flat, luminous thin-film component 2, which is in the form of an open hollow body, opposite the luminous surface IF. In the present example, the latter is attached to the housing 9, for example snapped or glued on.
  • the inner surface IF itself is typically designed to be non-luminous.
  • the housing 9 also comprises a flat fastening surface BF for fastening the alarm flash light 1 to the ceiling as a mounting surface MF.
  • the flash light source 2 is an areally luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials.
  • a component has a preferably uniform component thickness in the range of 0.5 up to 3 mm.
  • the curved convex luminous surface LF shown, which is directed away from the housing 9, describes the surface of a hemisphere here.
  • the cavity HR surrounded by the hemisphere can be used to accommodate the components of the alarm flashing light 1.
  • the thin-film component 2 is surrounded by a transparent protective cover 20 for protection against mechanical influences from the outside and against contamination.
  • the protective cover 20 is preferably made of transparent plastic.
  • the luminescent thin-film component 2 and the protective cover 20 can already be prefabricated as a structural unit 21.
  • the protective cover 20 can already be a transparent carrier layer of a thin-film component 2 itself, an anode or cathode layer and the emitter layer with the luminescent dyes then being applied to the carrier layer, as described above.
  • FIG 3 shows a second embodiment in ceiling mounting with a planar luminous thin-film component 2 with a luminous area LF encompassing the surface of a biaxial half-ellipsoid.
  • the three semi-axes of the semi-ellipsoid, which are orthogonal to one another, are denoted by H1, H2 and H3.
  • the two semi-axes H1 and H3 - since they are biaxial - are of equal length, so that the viewer from the entered viewing direction BR would see a circular area as the projected surface of the semi-ellipsoid. Furthermore, the ratio of the semi-axis H1 to the semi-axis H2 of the semi-ellipsoid is 2: 1 here. This results in a radiation characteristic (see FIG 6 ) of the illuminated area LF, which advantageously meets the requirements of the UL 1971 v3 standard mentioned above.
  • FIG 4 shows a third embodiment in ceiling mounting with a thin-film component 2 with a luminous area LF encompassing the surface of a truncated cone.
  • the viewer would again see a circular area from the entered viewing direction BR.
  • the flashing alarm light 1 shown is set up for indirect wall mounting, in that it is then preferably releasably attached to a base SO with its mounting surface BF on the housing side.
  • the base SO for its part, is then already attached to the wall as a mounting surface MF with its base fastening surface SF.
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment in wall mounting with a flat, luminous thin-film component 2 with a luminous area LF encompassing part of the surface of a cone.
  • a luminous area LF encompassing part of the surface of a cone.
  • the viewer would see a sector of a circle as a luminous area LF.
  • FIG 6 shows characteristic curves for the emission characteristics of a flashing alarm light 1 according to the UL 1971 v3 standard (characteristics C, WH, WV) in comparison with that of a Lambertian radiator (characteristic curve LAM) and with those of the surface-luminous thin film components 2 according to FIG 2 and FIG 3 (Characteristic curve SEMI, ELL).
  • a light intensity standardized to a maximum intensity value of 100% as a function of a respective emission angle ⁇ H , ⁇ H , ⁇ V is plotted with I.
  • ⁇ H denotes a horizontal angle for a flashing alarm light 1 when mounted on the ceiling.
  • ⁇ H and ⁇ V denote horizontal and vertical radiation angles for an alarm flash lamp 1 when it is wall-mounted.
  • a UL characteristic curve for the radiation characteristics of a flashing alarm light 1 when mounted on the ceiling is shown with C, which is the same for both positive and negative radiation angles ⁇ H.
  • a comparison with the dotted emission characteristic LAM of a Lambertian emitter (flat surface emitter) shows that such a emitter cannot provide enough light in lateral emission angles ⁇ H with absolute angular values of at least 85 °.
  • the standard requirement for lateral radiation is met by a flat, luminous thin-film component with a hemispherical and biaxial, semi-ellipsoidal luminous surface LF.
  • the associated radiation characteristics are labeled SEMI and ELL.
  • the emission characteristic ELL of the half-ellipsoid according to FIG 3 ie with a ratio of the semi-axis H1 to the semi-axis H2 of 2: 1) does not quite meet the standard requirement in the angular range of 25 to 30 °. This could be remedied, for example, by changing the ratio to 2.5: 1.
  • the essentially the same luminance of the thin-film component can be increased in such a way that the emission characteristic ELL according to FIG FIG 6 includes the UL characteristic curve C, so that the requirement according to the UL 1971 v3 standard is met.
  • FIG 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the alarm flashing light 1 mounted on the ceiling with a flat, flat thin-film component 2.
  • the latter is a transparent one Protective cover 20 connected upstream for mechanical protection.
  • the luminescent thin-film component 2 is preferably circular.
  • FIG 8 shows a sixth embodiment in ceiling mounting with a flat luminous flat thin-film component 2 and with an upstream divergent lens LI.
  • the diffusing lens LI is preferably a Fresnel lens which has optical properties such that the light emitted by the luminous surface LF is deflected more in directions to the side with respect to the ceiling as the mounting surface.
  • a mirror or semitransparent mirror can be connected upstream as the optical means, which has reflective properties such that part of the light emitted by the thin-film component 2, preferably in the range of 5 to 15%, is deflected in lateral directions. This enables the requirements of the UL 1971 v3 standard or the European standard EN 60825-1 to be met.
  • FIG 9 shows a seventh embodiment in wall mounting with a flat, flat thin-film component 2 and with an upstream Fresnel divergent lens LI.
  • FIG 10 shows the layer structure of a flat, luminous thin-film component 2 with a curved luminous surface LF with, for example, two separately controllable emitter sublayers SE1, SE2 for the emission of white light WHITE in different directions.
  • SE1, SE2 the two differently directed partial luminous surfaces are designated.
  • the thin-film component 2 has, from bottom to top, a carrier, anode, hole line, emitter and cathode layer ST, SA, SL, SE, SK.
  • the transparent, preferably clear, carrier layer ST is made in particular from a plastic. With a corresponding layer thickness, the carrier layer ST can at the same time also be a transparent protective cover for mechanical protection of the flat, luminous thin-film component 2.
  • the conductive cathode layer SK is one reflective metallic layer, so that the light emitted by the emitter layer SE is reflected by the cathode layer SK in the direction of the transparent carrier layer ST.
  • the emitter layer SE has a concentration of red, green and blue luminescent dyes R, G, B which additively emit white light WHITE when electrically excited.
  • the cathode layer SK has two partial cathodes SK1, SK2 that are next to one another and electrically separated from one another.
  • the latter are each connected to the control unit 5 via a switching element 41, 42, so that an associated opposite emitter sub-layer SE1, SE2 emits the white light WHITE when electrically excited.
  • FIG 11 shows the layer structure of a flat, luminous thin-film component 2 with a curved luminous surface with, for example, two separately controllable emitter sublayers SE1, SE2 for emitting red light RED or white light WHITE in different directions.
  • the left emitter sublayer SE2 only has red-luminous luminous dyes R and the right emitter sublayer SE2 has red, green and blue luminous luminous dyes R, G, B.
  • the left emitter sublayer SE consequently emits red light RED and the right emitter sublayer SE1 white light WHITE, and this also in different directions because of the curvature or curvature of the luminous surface LF.
  • FIG 12 and FIG 13 show the example according to FIG 3 with a concentration K ( ⁇ V ) of luminous dyes R, G, B in an emitter layer SE according to the invention which is the same for the angle of rotation ⁇ about the axis of symmetry but is dependent on the vertical angle ⁇ V.
  • FIG 13 shows a plan view of the alarm flash lamp 1 corresponding to that in FIG FIG 12 indicated direction of view XIII.
  • the same concentration values thus form circular lines, as in FIG 13 shown.
  • the geometric center point for the shown biaxial half-ellipsoid is entered with M, with only the lower half being used as the luminous area LF of the flat luminous thin-film component 2.
  • the emitter layer SE has, as the luminous area LF, a concentration of luminous dyes R, G, B that is dependent on the position on the luminous area LF and thus a local luminance that is dependent thereon.
  • the emitter layer SE has a local luminance that is dependent on the position, so that the surface-luminous thin-film component 2 has an emission characteristic that approximates the European standard EN 54-23 or the North American standard UL 1971 v3.
  • the luminance could now be reduced for absolute angle values between 5 ° and 20 °, between 35 ° and 40 °, and between 50 ° and 85 °, since in this area the characteristic curve ELL clearly exceeds the standard requirement. In other words, these emission directions emit an unnecessarily large amount of light.
  • the luminance could be increased for absolute angle values between 25 ° and 30 °, since in this area the characteristic curve ELL does not meet the standard requirement - even if just barely.
  • the surface-luminescent thin-film component 2 has two emitter sublayers SE1, SE2 arranged next to one another, which both together form the emitter layer SE and emit light. Both can each be controlled via a switching element, not shown in this illustration, for selective, direction-dependent light emission.
  • the flashing alarm light 1 shown can be set in such a way that the "upper" partial emitter layer SE1 is not excited for the optical alarm or is only excited with a reduced luminance.
  • FIG. 14 to FIG. 16 show an eighth embodiment in wall mounting with a surface luminous thin film device 2 with a biaxial quarter ellipsoid comprehensive luminous area LF and a ⁇ for vertical and horizontal angle V, ⁇ H-dependent around the symmetry axis concentration K ( ⁇ V, H ⁇ ) of fluorescent dyes in of the emitter layer of the thin-film component 2.
  • the vertical angle ⁇ V is particularly in the FIG 14 and the horizontal angle ⁇ H in the FIG 16 to see.
  • FIG 14 shows a side view of the flashing alarm light 1, FIG 15 a front view and FIG 16 a view from "above" of the alarm flashing light 1.
  • FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 show a ninth embodiment of the alarm flashing light 1 according to the invention, wall-mounted and with a luminous surface LF that encompasses part of the lateral surface of a cylinder.
  • FIG 17 shows a side view and FIG 18 a front view.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Lampe d'alarme à flash pour une installation de signalisation de danger, qui comprend une source de lumière à flash (2) pour une alarme optique en cas de danger, un accumulateur d'énergie (3) pour l'accumulation d'énergie électrique (E), un élément de commutation (4) ainsi qu'une unité de commande (5) pour la libération de l'énergie électrique accumulée (E) par l'accumulateur d'énergie (3) par l'intermédiaire de l'élément de commutation (4) vers la source de lumière à flash (2) et un boîtier (9) avec une surface de fixation côté boîtier (BF) pour le montage direct sur un mur ou un plafond ou pour la fixation à un socle (SO) pour un montage indirect sur un mur ou un plafond, dans laquelle la source de lumière à flash (2) est un composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) constitué de matériaux semiconducteurs organiques (OLED) et dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) est monté sur le boîtier (9),
    caractérisé en ce que le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) comprend une surface interne (IF) en face du boîtier (9) et une surface lumineuse incurvée (LF) orientée dans la direction opposée au boîtier (9) et dépassant vers l'extérieur.
  2. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la surface lumineuse bombée (LF) dépassant vers l'extérieur comprend une partie de la surface d'une sphère, d'un cylindre, d'un cône, d'un ellipsoïde, d'un paraboloïde ou d'un hyperboloïde.
  3. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la courbure du composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) est telle que celui-ci présente une caractéristique d'émission approchant de la norme européenne EN 54-23 ou la norme nord-américaine UL 1971 v3.
  4. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) est conçu pour émettre une lumière flash avec une densité lumineuse homogène de l'ordre de 10 000 cd/m2 à 200 000 cd/m2, plus particulièrement de 25 000 cd/m2 à 100 000 cd/m2.
  5. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) comprend une surface lumineuse (LF) avec une superficie de l'ordre de 10 cm2 à 200 cm2, plus particulièrement de 50 cm2 à 150 cm2.
  6. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) comprend une couche de support, d'anode, de conduction, d'émetteur et de cathode (ST, SA, SL, SE, SK) et dans laquelle la couche d'émetteur (SE) présente une concentration en colorants fluorescents (R, G, B) qui émettent, lors d'une excitation électrique, au moins une lumière dans le domaine visible.
  7. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle la couche d'émetteur (SE) présente une concentration en colorants fluorescents (R, G, B) et donc une densité lumineuse locale dépendant de celle-ci, qui dépend de la position sur la surface lumineuse (LF).
  8. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 7, dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) comprend une surface lumineuse (LF) orientée dans la direction opposée au boîtier (9) et incurvée vers l'extérieur et dans laquelle la couche d'émetteur (SE) présente une densité lumineuse dépendant de la position, telle que le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) présente une caractéristique d'émission approchant de la norme européenne EN 54-23 ou la norme nord-américaine UL 1971 v3.
  9. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec une lentille optique (LI) branchée en amont du composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2), pour la diffusion et/ou l'élargissement dans l'espace de la lumière émise.
  10. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle
    - la couche de cathode (SK) comprend deux à quatre cathodes partielles (SK1, SK2) adjacentes et isolées électriquement entre elles ou dans laquelle la couche d'anode (SA) comprend deux à quatre anodes partielles isolées électriquement entre elles et
    - dans laquelle les cathodes partielles (SK1, SK2) respectivement les anodes partielles, sont reliées chacune par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de commutation (41, 42) correspondant, avec l'unité de commande (5), de façon à ce que, lors du contrôle d'un élément de commutation (41, 42), une couche partielle d'émetteur (SE1, SE2) correspondante émette une lumière en tant que surface lumineuse partielle (T1, T2).
  11. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle la lampe d'alarme à flash comprend une surface lumineuse (LF) incurvée, orientée dans la direction opposée au boîtier (9) et dépassant vers l'extérieur et dans laquelle les couches partielles d'émetteur (S1, S2) sont réparties spatialement sur la surface lumineuse (LF) de façon à ce que, lors d'un contrôle électrique de la couche partielle d'émetteur (S1, S2) correspondante, une émission de lumière orientée puisse être obtenue dans différentes directions.
  12. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon l'une des revendications précédentes, avec une unité de réception (6) pour la réception d'un premier signal de commande ou d'une première instruction de commande (IN) pour l'unité de commande (5), dans laquelle l'unité de commande (5) est conçue pour contrôler le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) avec une luminosité, une durée du flash et/ou une fréquence de répétition déterminée par le premier signal de commande ou par la première instruction de commande (IN).
  13. Lampe d'alarme à flash selon la revendication 12, dans laquelle le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) est un composant en couche mince émettant une lumière blanche ou pouvant être contrôlé pour émettre une lumière blanche, dans laquelle l'unité de réception (6) est conçue pour la réception d'un deuxième signal de commande ou d'une deuxième instruction de commande (NOT) et dans laquelle l'unité de commande (5) est conçue pour contrôler, lors d'une réception d'un deuxième signal de commande ou d'une deuxième instruction de commande (NOT), le composant en couche mince à surface lumineuse (2) avec une lumière permanente avec une densité lumineuse réduite de 4 000 cd/m2 maximum, plus particulièrement de 2 000 cd/m2 maximum, pour un éclairage de secours.
  14. Installation de signalisation de danger avec une centrale de signalisation de danger (11), avec une ligne de signalisation (ML) branchée à celle-ci et avec une pluralité de lampes d'alarme à flash (1) selon la revendication 12 ou 13, branchées à la ligne de signalisation (ML), dans laquelle les lampes d'alarme à flash (1) comprennent chacune une unité de réception (6) pour la réception d'énergie électrique (E) et/ou d'instructions de commande (IN, NOT) provenant de la ligne de signalisation (ML).
  15. Installation de signalisation de danger avec une centrale de signalisation de danger contrôlée par radio et avec une pluralité de lampes d'alarme à flash (1) selon la revendication 12 ou 13, connectées par radio à la centrale de signalisation de danger, dans laquelle les lampes d'alarme à flash (1) comprennent chacune une batterie et/ou un accumulateur pour l'alimentation en énergie électrique de la lampe d'alarme à flash (1) ainsi qu'une unité de réception radio (6) pour la réception d'instructions de commande (IN, NOT) provenant de la centrale de signalisation de danger par radio.
EP15802155.0A 2014-12-02 2015-12-02 Feu clignotant d'alarme pour un systeme d'alarme avec un module lumineux planaire de film mince de matériaux semi-conducteurs organiques (oled) Active EP3227872B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102014224643 2014-12-02
PCT/EP2015/078308 WO2016087492A1 (fr) 2014-12-02 2015-12-02 Lampe de flash d'alarme pour une installation de signalisation de dangers avec un composant à couches minces à surface luminescente composé de matériaux semi-conducteurs organiques (oled)

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CN113356417B (zh) * 2021-05-11 2023-05-05 招商积余数字科技(南京)有限公司 一种具有日夜双式显渗功能的建筑幕墙面板

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DE10239347A1 (de) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Fhf Funke + Huster Fernsig Gmbh Signalleuchte

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US20070035255A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-15 James Shuster LED strobe for hazard protection systems
KR100999252B1 (ko) * 2005-12-30 2010-12-07 삼성코닝정밀소재 주식회사 외광 차폐층, 이 외광 차폐층을 포함하는 디스플레이 필터및 이 디스플레이 필터를 포함한 디스플레이 장치
EP1865484B1 (fr) * 2006-06-08 2020-11-04 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Panneau lumineux à caractère informatif et système de commande de lumières
US20080204267A1 (en) * 2007-02-28 2008-08-28 Honeywell International, Inc. Detector/Module Integrated Emergency Signs
DE102012210876A1 (de) * 2012-06-26 2014-01-23 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Lichtemittierendes organisches Bauteil

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DE10239347A1 (de) * 2002-08-28 2004-03-18 Fhf Funke + Huster Fernsig Gmbh Signalleuchte

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