EP3225738B1 - Ground milling machine, in particular road milling machine, for removing soil material and method for operating a ground milling machine - Google Patents
Ground milling machine, in particular road milling machine, for removing soil material and method for operating a ground milling machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3225738B1 EP3225738B1 EP17000478.2A EP17000478A EP3225738B1 EP 3225738 B1 EP3225738 B1 EP 3225738B1 EP 17000478 A EP17000478 A EP 17000478A EP 3225738 B1 EP3225738 B1 EP 3225738B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- electrostatic precipitator
- dust
- milling machine
- conveyor belt
- machine
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims description 114
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 191
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011045 prefiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000981 bystander Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006891 umpolung reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
- E01C23/08—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades
- E01C23/085—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for roughening or patterning; for removing the surface down to a predetermined depth high spots or material bonded to the surface, e.g. markings; for maintaining earth roads, clay courts or like surfaces by means of surface working tools, e.g. scarifiers, levelling blades using power-driven tools, e.g. vibratory tools
- E01C23/088—Rotary tools, e.g. milling drums
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
- E01C23/06—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road
- E01C23/12—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor
- E01C23/122—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus
- E01C23/127—Devices or arrangements for working the finished surface; Devices for repairing or reconditioning the surface of damaged paving; Recycling in place or on the road for taking-up, tearing-up, or full-depth breaking-up paving, e.g. sett extractor with power-driven tools, e.g. oscillated hammer apparatus rotary, e.g. rotary hammers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2301/00—Machine characteristics, parts or accessories not otherwise provided for
- E01C2301/50—Methods or devices for preventing dust by spraying or sucking
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
- E21C35/223—Equipment associated with mining machines for sucking dust-laden air from the cutting area, with or without cleaning of the air
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ground milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, for removing soil material and to a method for operating a ground milling machine.
- the invention is generally concerned with the control of dust in the working operation of a ground milling machine, especially in the environment of the machine operator. This is for example in the DE102012022879B4 described in more detail, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the resulting during operation of such Bodenfräsmaschinen dust pollution is disadvantageous for the machine operator and for persons in the immediate vicinity of the construction machine for safety and health reasons.
- a particularly intense dust development occurs especially in ground milling machines of the type road milling machine, in particular road cold milling machine, and so-called surface miners.
- Such ground milling machines comprise a machine frame with a running gear, a milling drum mounted on a machine frame, a transporting device with at least one conveyor belt, which is arranged on the machine frame and for the removal of removed soil material, the milled material, in a conveying direction away from the Milling roller is formed towards a discharge point.
- Soil milling machines of the generic type thus have at least one milling drum as a working device, which mills with its axis of rotation horizontally and transversely to the working direction rotating soil material.
- the milled material is then removed from the Fräswalzenkasten inside which the milling drum is arranged, transported by a transport device, usually comprising at least one conveyor belt away from the milling drum in the conveying direction to a transfer point, in which the milled material, for example, in a means of transport, especially a truck, or is dropped on the ground next to the construction machine.
- the conveying direction in the present case thus denotes the transport direction of the milled material away from the milling drum.
- the central point of the dust development is in particular the area of the milling drum or of the milling drum box with the rotating milling drum arranged therein as well as the transport device.
- Typical ground milling machines are road milling machines, stabilizers, recyclers or surface miners.
- suction devices are already known for ground milling machines, which generate a negative pressure in the milling drum box and extract from there the dusts and vapors produced during the milling work.
- a suction device connected to a channel via a suction opening for extracting dust is provided, wherein the suction opening is arranged between the channel inlet and the channel outlet.
- the channel designates the conveying path of the material to be milled from the point of delivery thereof to the transport device up to the delivery point, wherein the channel in this region is usually formed at least partly enveloping the transport device.
- the suction opening is mounted in the vicinity of the channel entrance.
- Such a construction machine is for example in the DE 102 23 819 A1 described, which is hereby incorporated into the construction and operation of a generic construction machine in reference.
- the attachment of rubber mats is described at the channel exit, which at least partially seal the channel exit in the conveying direction to the outside.
- these rubber mats are extremely susceptible to wear, in particular due to the sharp-edged nature of the milled material.
- An alternative, virtually wear-free option is in the DE102012022879B4 described, after which a blocking flow is generated with a Fluidausström founded to allow a defined flow guidance of the dust-laden air.
- An essential basic idea of the invention is to provide an electrostatic precipitator on the ground milling machine, via which dust emerging from the dust-laden air can be separated via the dust arising during the milling operation and / or during the transport of milled material.
- an electrostatic precipitator or electrostatic precipitator in the present case is generally understood a device, which allows separation of airborne particles, especially particulate matter, by the electrostatic principle.
- dust particles with an aerodynamic diameter of not more than 50 ⁇ m and in particular of not more than 30 ⁇ m are understood to mean, for example, the charging of the dust particles and subsequent deposition in a manner basically known per se in the prior art.
- the advantage of using an electrostatic precipitator in the present case is that, in particular with respect to the fine dust content significantly improved filter results can be achieved and in this way the dust load of the operator of the ground milling machine and bystanders can be reduced.
- the electrostatic precipitator can be integrated particularly favorably into a ground milling machine and can also be operated reliably there. At the same time the deposition results are very good, so that with the arrangement according to the invention a particularly efficient reduction of dust is possible.
- An electrostatic precipitator itself is for example in the WO2013 / 070078 A1 describe, which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the electrostatic precipitator is arranged there or at least in the vicinity where the dust pollution occurs or is relatively high compared to the environment.
- This arrangement has the advantage that the electrostatic precipitator is integrated directly into the machine body, thereby enabling a particularly compact design of the entire machine.
- the electrostatic precipitator is arranged on the transport device, in particular on a trailer conveyor belt.
- the transport device follows in relation to the material flow of the material to be milled to the milling drum or the Fräswalzenkasten, so that the dust load in this area is usually also relatively high.
- the transport device and in particular the trailer conveyor belt is particularly suitable for space-technical reasons for the arrangement of the electrostatic precipitator, especially since the electrostatic precipitator at this point (trailer conveyor) from the outside, for example, for maintenance and / or cleaning purposes, is easily accessible.
- This area is also particularly suitable for mounting a retrofitted electrostatic precipitator.
- the transport device may comprise a transfer conveyor belt and, in the conveying direction behind, a loading conveyor belt.
- the transfer conveyor belt is often arranged inside the ground milling machine or inside the machine body, whereas it is regularly in the loading conveyor belt is a so-called trailer conveyor belt, which is attached to the machine frame of the ground milling machine.
- the transfer conveyor Primarily the conveying of the milled material from the milling drum or from the milling drum box takes place to the downstream in the conveying direction Verlade antiband.
- the loading conveyor With the loading conveyor, however, the actual loading of the material to be milled takes place, for example, on a corresponding transport vehicle.
- the ground milling machine is as small as possible in total with respect to its longitudinal extent.
- the loading conveyor foldable with a machine part and a folding part, wherein the folding part to the machine part, in particular preferably coming from below, is foldable.
- the loading conveyor belt is connected with the rest of the ground milling machine via the machine part, and the folding part forms the drop-off area of the loading conveyor belt that can be folded for transport purposes.
- the electrostatic precipitator on the loading conveyor belt and especially if a foldable loading conveyor belt is used is arranged on the machine part of the loading conveyor belt. This place is on the one hand for reasons of space especially for the arrangement of this additional module.
- the arrangement at this point is particularly suitable for guiding the dust-laden air and a sufficient reduction of dust pollution, especially in the range of a control station of the ground milling machine and in the discharge area of the loading conveyor allows.
- the loading conveyor is designed such that the folding part is foldable from below to the machine part and the electrostatic precipitator is mounted on top of the machine part accordingly.
- the electrostatic precipitator is disposed within the machine body.
- the electrostatic precipitator is thus not attached to the outside of the machine, but positioned in the interior thereof. In this way, the external dimensions of the machine are not additionally increased by the inventively provided electrostatic precipitator.
- the Bodenfräsmaschine has at least one transfer conveyor on which out of the Fräswalzenkasten milled material is transferred directly and over which the milled material is transported out of the machine inside, wherein for receiving the transfer conveyor belt a storage shaft is present, and wherein the Elektroabscheider at least is partially disposed within this storage shaft.
- the storage shaft thus denotes an existing inside the machine elongated tunnel-like recess into which, for example, the transfer conveyor belt can be inserted coming from outside.
- This storage shaft is particularly well suited for accommodating the electrostatic precipitator, since the already existing for conventional machines Space is already large enough for additional inclusion of Elektroabscheiders or at least only slightly increased must.
- a pump device in particular a suction device, is provided, with which the dust-laden air can be conveyed.
- pumping devices for example corresponding blowers, are known in principle in the prior art, such as in the DE 10223819 A1 and DE 102012022879B4 disclosed.
- the pumping device in particular in the form of a suction device, is designed such that it supplies dust-laden air to the electrostatic precipitator. This makes it possible, in particular, to achieve targeted dust extraction from dust-laden areas and guidance of the dust-laden air toward the electrostatic precipitator, in order to allow particularly efficient separation of dust particles from the air.
- the flow guidance of the dust-laden air can be made use of various alternatives. It is advantageous, for example, if the pump device has a suction device, via which dust-laden air is sucked off the milled material and its immediate surroundings, wherein the suction device is designed in particular such that the suction direction on the input side to the suction device runs at least partially counter to the conveying direction of the milled material.
- the dust-laden air is thus deflected once compared to the conveying direction of the milled material, in particular by more than 90 °.
- a flow shaft is present through which the dust-laden air is guided by means of the pumping device.
- a flow shaft thus designates a channel-like, in particular static, flow-guiding section, in particular with one or more shaft walls, comprising an air inlet, a dedusting section and an air outlet.
- the electrostatic precipitator is now arranged with at least one charging stage and at least one separation stage within this flow shaft.
- the charge level of the electrostatic precipitator refers to the area responsible for the electrostatic charge of the dust particles.
- the separation stage designates that part of the electrostatic precipitator from which the electrostatically charged dust particles be attracted and deposited on this.
- the flow shaft itself can be varied manifold in an advantageous manner.
- the flow shaft for example, as housing around at least part of the transport device.
- the conveying channel of the transport device and the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator then form a common space, wherein a mechanical barrier between the subspace of the electrostatic precipitator and the subspace of the conveying channel is additionally preferably provided, for example a grid, in order to prevent damage to parts of the electrostatic precipitator by components of the milled material ,
- the flow shaft is at least partially formed spatially separated from a conveying channel surrounding the conveyor belt.
- the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator is preferably designed such that it opens on the output side into the conveyor channel, in particular above the conveyor belt.
- the dust-laden air is thus sucked first, for example, in the field of Fräswalzenkastens and / or the transfer conveyor belt, branched off and fed to the electrostatic precipitator.
- the now cleaned air is returned to the conveyor channel, in particular above the conveyor belt.
- at least one connecting line is present beyond the flow shaft, which adjoins, for example, in the flow direction.
- the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator is arranged on the conveying channel of the transporting device or is placed thereon.
- the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator then forms a compact unit with the conveying channel of the transport device. This may in particular be the loading conveyor belt or even the inner area of a storage shaft, as described above, in particular for a transfer conveyor belt.
- the electrostatic precipitator is designed such that the air to be cleaned is guided in a substantially straight line through it.
- the air duct in the electrostatic precipitator takes place such that the air is once again diverted several times within the electrostatic precipitator, for example by suitable guide surfaces, etc., whereby in particular not directly impinged conducting surfaces can in particular also be used as separating elements of the electrostatic precipitator ,
- the electrostatic precipitator is preferably designed such that the charging stage is an anode, in particular in the form of a corona electrode , and the deposition stage is a cathode.
- the electrostatic charge of the dust particles is thus preferably such that they are positively charged.
- This type of charging has proven to be particularly efficient for the present application.
- the separation stage is accordingly preferably negatively charged. In this way, a particularly efficient agglomeration of dust particles and subsequent deposition takes place on the separation stage.
- the charging stage is the cathode and the deposition stage is the anode. This too can lead to satisfactory deposition results.
- the separation stage it is possible to adapt the separation stage at will to the respective room conditions.
- the separation stage may be, for example, a plate and / or a grid.
- the separation stage is a, in particular designed as a flow well, housing, at least the inner housing, of the electrostatic precipitator. The separation stage thus fulfills a dual function in this embodiment.
- the separation stage may in particular also comprise a plurality of individual separation surfaces and / or be formed in a three-dimensionally deformed manner, in particular curved.
- the charging stage can be used on a variety of variants.
- the charging stage is a wire, a wire mesh or even a plate-like structure. It is essential that certain minimum distances are kept to Abscheideix to prevent as possible a rollover between charging and separation stage. It is further preferred if the charging step extends in the longitudinal direction of the separation stage, in particular along the flow shaft and / or in the direction of the flow direction of the air. In this way it is possible to maximize the charge path to be passed by the dust-laden air and thereby achieve optimum deposition rates. This therefore means that the charging stage preferably extends in the flow direction of the dust-laden air.
- the charging step may additionally or alternatively be designed such that it comprises at least one subregion which runs essentially transversely to the flow direction of the dust-laden air.
- the charging step then constitutes a type of flow obstruction and / or turbulence stage, which also ensures a high ionization rate of the dust particles in the dust-laden air. Additional turbulence devices, such as, for example, swirl sheaths, can also be provided to improve the charging process.
- the electrostatic precipitator comprises a cleaning device with which material adhering to the electrostatic precipitator can be removed therefrom.
- the advantage of the cleaning device is that the cleaning of the electrostatic precipitator can be performed, for example, automatically and / or without time-consuming manual work.
- the cleaning device can, for example, have a switch-off device, via which voltages applied to the separating stage and the charging stage are switched off during the operation of the conveying device.
- the electrostatic precipitator is then blown free by means of the pumping device.
- This effect can be further enhanced if, for example, a pressure pulse can be generated by means of the pumping device.
- the electrostatic precipitator can also be a separate cleaning device with, for example, cleaning nozzles, in particular for Air and / or water, the actuation of which triggers the charging stage and / or separation stage with compressed air and / or water.
- Water has the advantage here that it binds the separated dust particles.
- Another possibility consists in a mechanically acting cleaning device, with the deposited on the separation stage dust particles are removed. This may be, for example, a vibrating and / or knocking device, in particular by means of a motor-operated plunger and / or eccentric, so that the separated dust material is cut off from the separating step.
- a Abschab- and / or Bürst is possible.
- the cleaning device has an ejection opening or flap, through which material removed from the separation stage can be removed from the electrostatic precipitator, in particular onto the conveyor belt or into a separate collecting container.
- the ejection opening and flap thus a connection between the electrostatic precipitator and the conveyor belt / the collecting container is obtained, via which the separated dust material can be returned to the conveyor belt or can be disposed of separately via the collecting container.
- the ejection opening or flap is preferably designed such that material separated from the separation stage falls through the latter onto the conveyor belt / into the collecting container.
- a collecting container this can be provided, for example, to be able to carry a suitable container compartment in order to be able to carry the container or to use an ideally sealed connecting device via which an external collecting container is dust-tight for cleaning purposes at the ejection opening or flap can be connected.
- Part of the electrostatic precipitator is preferably also a housing with at least one maintenance flap, through which the access to the interior of the electrostatic precipitator, in particular the charging stage and / or the separation stage, is possible.
- the maintenance flap is thus closed during regular operation of the electrostatic precipitator.
- the maintenance flap thus allows access from the outside to the interior of the electrostatic precipitator, for example for cleaning and / or maintenance purposes.
- the electrostatic precipitator can be completely and permanently installed in the floor milling machine as a functional unit.
- the electrostatic precipitator form as a module, comprising at least one connection means for connecting a, in particular the machine side, electrical power supply.
- This variant has the advantage that the electrostatic precipitator can be removed and / or replaced comparatively quickly, which may be desirable, for example, if defects occur at the electrostatic precipitator.
- a module is thus referred to as a component unit which can be installed as a contiguous component in the rest of the machine and can be removed again.
- the electrostatic precipitator for this purpose comprises a releasable holding device for attachment to the ground milling machine, in particular comprising at least one of the features rail guide and / or positive locking and / or clamping fixation.
- the expansion of the electrostatic precipitator succeeds particularly well, since the attachment of the electrostatic precipitator can be solved quickly.
- the electrostatic precipitator reliably assumes its defined end position during installation due to the holding device, which in turn accelerates and simplifies the installation of the electrostatic precipitator.
- a closing state sensor is present, via which the closed state of the maintenance flap can be monitored.
- a closure state sensor may be, for example, a contact switch, in particular a reed contact switch, or the like, which is actuated when the maintenance cover is closed.
- the closing state sensor is preferably connected to a control unit.
- the control unit is designed such that it prevents the separating stage and / or charging stage from being supplied with electrical energy when the maintenance cover is open. As a result, the safety for the operating personnel can be increased.
- the electrostatic precipitator In principle, it is possible to use electrical energy for the supply of the electrostatic precipitator to its own energy source, such as a battery. However, it is preferred if the electrostatic precipitator is connected to the electrical system of the ground milling machine for the supply of electrical energy. This is ideally done with the interposition of a converter.
- At least two electrostatic precipitators are connected in parallel or at least two flow shafts are provided. In this way, the deposition results can be further improved. Additionally or alternatively, two electrostatic precipitators can also be connected in series.
- additional purification stages are provided in addition to the electrostatic precipitator.
- a centrifugal separator cyclone filter
- cyclone filter in particular in the flow direction of the dust-laden air in front of the electrostatic precipitator.
- coarser particle before the electrostatic precipitator are removable from the dust-laden air.
- a grid and / or at least one labyrinth filter stage may be provided.
- an upstream filter stage it is ideally designed to cause only a small pressure drop across that filter stage.
- a Nachfilterme is present for the deposition of particulate matter in particular, which is downstream of the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction, wherein the Nachfilterme is in particular a further electrostatic precipitator.
- the Nachfilterme is in particular a further electrostatic precipitator.
- This increased effort is particularly useful when working with problematic materials, such as asbestos, and / or indoors.
- it is also possible to provide a Wasserberieselungs in addition to the electrostatic precipitator. This is arranged in particular in relation to the flow direction of the air moved through the pumping device in the area behind the electrostatic precipitator, especially in the region of the loading conveyor belt.
- the sprinkler can be, for example, one or more nozzles and / or a spray bar.
- the water sprinkler With the help of the water sprinkler, an efficient capture of dust particles that are still present in the air after passage of the electrostatic filter succeeds. It is optimal if measures are taken to charge the water discharged from the water sprinkling device in an analogous manner to the separation stage, which can be achieved, for example, by means of a corresponding ground connection. In this way, the cleaning effect achieved with the sprinkler can be further improved.
- the sprinkler is optimally arranged such that the water discharged from it is collected by the conveyor belt, in particular the Verladefördeband. In operation, the discharged water is then ejected together with the milled material.
- Another aspect of the invention lies in a method for operating a ground milling machine, in particular for reducing the dust load during operation of a ground milling machine.
- the method relates to the operation of a ground milling machine according to the invention.
- Essential steps of the method according to the invention are A) performing a milling operation, B) passing dust-laden air towards an electrostatic precipitator, C) charging and separating dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator and D) blowing out the cleaned air. It is thus essential for the method according to the invention for operating a ground milling machine that an electrostatic precipitator be used to reduce the dust load, the dust-laden air is supplied for cleaning.
- step B) in particular, the dust-laden air is extracted from the area of the milling drum box, in particular via a suitable suction fan. The dust-laden air is then preferably led out of the interior of the ground milling machine and forwarded to the electrostatic precipitator.
- step C) the positive charge of the dust particles is provided in particular.
- step D) the purging is particularly preferably carried out by returning the air into the conveying channel of the transport device and not at a separate location on the ground milling machine, which is also possible and included in the invention.
- the inventive method can also be further improved if in step B) a suction of the dust-laden air from the Fräswalzenkasten and / or a conveying channel for milled material takes place and / or if in step C) the charging and depositing in a separate from the conveyor channel flow shaft he follows.
- Essential in these preferred developments is first the targeted extraction of dust-laden air from the Fräswalzenkasten and / or a conveyor channel for milled material.
- the extracted dust-laden air is then fed to the electrostatic precipitator in a spatially separate area for deposition. In this way, therefore, a separate Entustaubungsumble is obtained, which is spatially separated from the transport path of the material to be milled (conveyor channel).
- this enables a particularly efficient separation of the dust contained in the dust-laden air.
- the work train 1 in FIG. 1 In milling operation, the ground milling machine 2 drives its own drive behind the transport vehicle 3 in the direction of A. Essential elements of the transport vehicle 3 are a control station 4 and a loading area 5 for receiving milled material ,
- the ground milling machine 2 comprises, in addition to a control station 6, a machine frame 46 (FIG. Fig. 2 ), Chassis (crawler tracks or wheels), a drive motor, a milling device 7 and a transport device 8, with which the milled material obtained from the milling device 7 to the discharge point 9 of the transport device 8 is transportable.
- the transport device 8 comprises a transfer conveyor belt 10 arranged inside the ground milling machine 2 and a loading conveyor belt 11.
- the ground milling machine 2 has an electrostatic precipitator 12 which is arranged on the loading conveyor belt 11 of the transport device 8.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is connected to a pumping device 13, specifically a blower.
- FIG. 2 clarifies further details of the structure of the ground milling 2 from FIG. 1 , Specifically, the milling device 7 comprises a milling roller box 14 and a milling roller 15. Within the milling roller box 14, the milling roller 15 can be moved in a known manner about a horizontal axis of rotation perpendicular to the working direction A.
- the milled from the milling drum 15 soil material is loaded from the Fräswalzenkasten 14 out on the transfer conveyor belt 10 and transported within a conveyor channel 16 within the ground milling machine 2 to the loading conveyor belt 11.
- the loading conveyor belt 11 is also surrounded by a housing 17, so that the loading conveyor belt 11 extends within a conveying channel 18.
- the loading conveyor belt 11 or the conveying channel 18 opens into the discharge point 9, from which the milled material, for example on a transport vehicle, is dropped.
- the device for dust further comprises a suction channel 19, a connecting line 20, a charging stage 21, a separation stage 22, a cleaning device 23, a supply source 24 for electrical energy and an outlet 25 of the electrostatic precipitator 12.
- a suction channel 19 Via the intake channel, dust-laden air is sucked in from the area of the milling drum box 14 and, in particular, also from the region of the conveyor channel 16.
- the suction fan 13 generates a negative pressure in this area, so that the dust-laden air is drawn in.
- the suction device 13 is connected via the connecting line 20 with the electrostatic filter 12.
- the charged particles are first charged by the charging stage 21 and then the charged dust particles are deposited at the separating stage 22.
- the charging stage 21 and the separating stage 22 are connected via suitable connecting lines with the electrical energy source 24, which in the present embodiment is a high voltage source (HVPS) connected via a converter to the vehicle electrical system of the ground milling machine 2.
- HVPS high voltage source
- the now cleaned air is blown from the electrostatic precipitator 12 via the outlet 25 into the delivery channel 18 and thus also leaves the transport device 8 via the discharge point 9.
- the electrostatic filter 12 is arranged on the loading conveyor belt 11. Specifically, it is at the loading conveyor belt 11 to a foldable conveyor belt with a machine part 26 and a folding part 27, which are pivotally connected to each other via a pivot joint 28. In other words, the electrostatic precipitator sits on the "non-foldable" portion of the loading conveyor belt 11.
- FIG. 2 are the flow of air with the dashed arrows B and the conveying direction of the milled material indicated by the arrows C.
- FIG. 2 makes it clear that the dust-laden air is first separated from the milled material through the intake channel 19 and the dedusting thus takes place at a spatially separate location for conveying the milled material.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 can be protected from damage by the milled material, for example.
- the cleaning device 23 can be actuated, for example, from outside the electrostatic precipitator 12, automatically triggered after certain operating intervals and / or automatically triggered in certain operating situations, for example when the loading conveyor 11 is put into operation.
- FIG. 2 not shown may be provided, via which the operation of the cleaning device 23, in particular automatically, is controllable.
- a connection opening between the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator 12 and the delivery channel 18 can also be present, through which cleaned-up dust from the electrostatic precipitator 12 can fall onto the conveyor belt of the loading conveyor belt 11.
- FIG. 2 further clarifies that in the present embodiment, in addition to the electrostatic precipitator 12, a further device for dedusting is available.
- a sprinkler 29 (can optionally also in the other embodiments, in particular according to the FIGS. 5 to 7 , be provided in addition), which extends over the width of the conveyor belt or the loading conveyor belt 11 just before the discharge point 9.
- the sprinkler 29 may, for example, be a spray bar with a plurality of outlet openings or nozzles, with which a kind of water curtain is produced.
- the supply of the sprinkler 29 takes place via a supply line 30 a water tank 31 at the ground milling machine 2.
- the water discharged from the sprinkler 29 falls in the present embodiment on the transported over the loading conveyor milled material.
- the sprinkler 29 intercepted dust particles are thus unloaded accordingly along with the milled material on the discharge point 9.
- the cleaning of the dust-laden air of the ground milling machine 2 is thus carried out in two stages in the present embodiment, wherein the electrostatic precipitator 12 of the sprinkler 29 is upstream in the flow direction of the dust-laden air.
- FIG. 3 Finally, the structure and the arrangement of the electrostatic precipitator 12 are further illustrated in a schematic representation.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 itself is shown in solid lines.
- Essential elements of the electrostatic precipitator 12 are a box-like housing 32 and disposed within the housing 32 charging plates 33, which form the charging stage 21.
- the housing 32 is formed with a longitudinal extent parallel to the longitudinal extent of the loading conveyor belt 11 indicated by dashed lines and thus forms a parallel to the conveyor channel 18 extending flow shaft 47 for the dust-laden air to be cleaned.
- the charging plates 33 extend in the longitudinal extent of the housing 32 and the flow shaft 47.
- the charging plates are connected as the anode 34 and the housing 32 accordingly as the cathode 35. The charging plates thus form the charging stage 21 and the housing 32 of the electrostatic precipitator the separation stage 22 of the electrostatic precipitator 12th
- the supply of sucked on the pumping device 13 dust-laden air takes place from the top of the housing 32 via a corresponding feed opening 36.
- the supply from the side via an optional opening 36 ' is possible.
- the electrostatic charge of the dust particles thus takes place via the charging plates 33, which extend sufficiently spaced from the housing 32 also in the longitudinal direction of the housing 32. Accordingly, the electrostatically charged dust particles are attracted to the housing 32 and thus separate therefrom within the electrostatic precipitator 12.
- the purified air is blown out of the electrostatic precipitator 12 via the outlet opening 37 into the delivery channel 18 above the loading conveyor belt 11.
- maintenance flaps 38 are also attached to the long sides.
- the maintenance flaps 38 can be opened so that access from the outside in the interior of the electrostatic precipitator 12 is possible. This may be desired, for example, for maintenance and / or cleaning purposes.
- a closing state sensor 39 is provided, which is connected via a connecting line 40 to a corresponding control unit.
- the control unit (not shown in the figures) is designed such that it forcibly interrupts the operation of the electrostatic precipitator 12 or its supply of electrical energy when the closure state sensor 39 signals that the maintenance flaps 38 are open. In other words, operation of the electrostatic precipitator 12 in the present embodiment is possible only when the maintenance flaps 38 are closed.
- Fig. 3 illustrates the schematic structure of a single electrostatic precipitator 12. Included in the invention are also expressly variants in which two or more of these electrostatic precipitators 12 are arranged in particular connected in parallel, so that the extracted dust-laden air to the individual electrostatic precipitators 12 is supplied split. This also includes embodiments in which the plurality of electrostatic precipitators 12 are surrounded by a common housing.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is further designed as a structural unit or as a module 55.
- the module 55 comprises the housing 32, the charging stage 21, the separation stage 22 and unspecified connections for supply lines to the anode 34 and to the cathode 35 for connection to the machine 1.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is on both sides or on two mutually releasable holding means 56 opposite sides on the conveying channel 18 (also the arrangement within the machine itself, as shown below, in particular also on or in the conveying channel 16, is possible) surrounding the housing.
- the holding devices 56 may be, for example, screw connections, rail bearings, form-locking bearings, detent bearings, etc., or combinations thereof.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 can therefore also be easily dismantled or, conversely, retrofitted to existing machines. But it is also possible to obstruct the electrostatic precipitator 12 for permanent retention in the machine.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the flow of a method according to the invention for operating a ground milling machine, in particular for reducing the dust load.
- This method particularly relates to the operation of a ground milling machine, as in the FIGS. 1 to 3 shown.
- Essential steps of the method according to the invention are first performing 42 of a milling process. During this milling process, considerable amounts of dust are produced.
- conduction 43 of dust-laden air to an electrostatic precipitator 12 takes place. This can be done in particular via a suitable pumping device 13, in particular a suction fan, as described above, and corresponding connecting lines. Subsequently, charging and depositing of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator 12 takes place within the electrostatic precipitator in step 44.
- the method according to the invention provides particularly good cleaning results, in particular, when the charging and depositing of the dust particles in the air takes place in a space compartment separate from the conveying channel of the material to be milled.
- the method according to the invention thus also includes a step in which the dust-laden air is separated, for example sucked, away from the milled material.
- the cleaning result of the method according to the invention can be increased if the separation of dust particles by means of the electrostatic precipitator according to the steps 42 to 45 is followed by an additional cleaning stage 46, in which the air, for example, a water curtain, in particular a corresponding sprinkler, as described above, happens.
- the air for example, a water curtain, in particular a corresponding sprinkler, as described above.
- a pre-cleaning of the dust-laden air according to step 49 for example by a cyclone filter and / or a filter grid and / or a labyrinth filter stage.
- a pre-cleaning of the dust-laden air according to step 49 for example by a cyclone filter and / or a filter grid and / or a labyrinth filter stage.
- coarse-grained particles can be sucked in with the dust-laden air and reach the electrostatic precipitator 12.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is here inserted into the interior of the machine 2.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is thus surrounded by the body 50 or the outer skin of the machine 2 (the loading conveyor 11 is not part of the body 50).
- the electrostatic precipitator in relation to the conveying path of the milled material has moved considerably closer to the milling drum box 14. He sits concretely above the transfer conveyor belt 10 within the machine-side conveyor channel 16 and thus substantially in the cavity within the body 50, in which the transfer conveyor belt 10 is arranged.
- a protective grid 51 is further provided, which prevents coarser Fräsgutp
- the protective grid 51 extends in a substantially horizontal plane.
- the protective grid 51 thus represents a physical barrier for coarser particles of milled material for the protection of the electrostatic precipitator 12.
- the electrostatic precipitator further comprises an apron 52 on its underside facing the transfer conveyor belt 10. This is reinforced and protects the overlying Elektroabscheider 12 from damage by the milled material.
- the fender 52 extends over the entire length of the electrostatic precipitator 12 in the conveying direction of the milled material.
- the pump device 13 is positioned behind the electrostatic precipitator 12 in the conveying direction of the dust-laden air.
- FIG. 6 Another alternative embodiment is in FIG. 6 illustrated.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is arranged on the machine side in the surrounded by the body 50 interior of the machine 2 integrated.
- the electrostatic precipitator 12 is not seated within the delivery channel 16 but is placed above the delivery channel 16 without direct contact therewith in the interior of the machine.
- a deflecting device 53 via which the dust-laden air is fed to the electrostatic precipitator 12, is also connected upstream of the electrostatic precipitator 12. It is essential that seen in the conveying direction of the milled material, a deflection of the dust-laden air using the deflection takes place. In fact, the dust-laden air is sucked in by the deflecting device 53 counter to the conveying direction of the milled material.
- the deflection angle (angle between the conveying direction of the material to be milled and the direction of entry the dust-laden air in the deflection 53 ideally greater than 90 ° and especially greater 120 °.
- a collection container 54 is further provided below the electrostatic precipitator 12. This can be used to clean the electrostatic precipitator 12. Tapped, deposited on the electrostatic precipitator 12 dusts can fall during cleaning by an unspecified connection opening between the electrostatic precipitator 12 and the reservoir 54 in this. By removing the collection container 54 from inside the machine, the separated dusts can then be disposed of separately.
- the collecting container can either be used permanently in the machine 1 or can be used especially for cleaning work on the electrostatic precipitator 12.
- Both electrostatic precipitators 12 are in FIG. 7 supplied by a common supply device 24 with electrical energy. It can be provided for both electrostatic precipitators 12 but also a separate, individual supply device 24. It is equally possible for the electrodes of the electrostatic precipitator to be connected to the supply device via a common supply line 24 to connect (in Fig. 7 for the electrodes 22 the case) or to provide individual supply lines (in Fig. 7 for the electrodes 21 the case). The latter has the advantage that an individual control of the two electrostatic precipitators 12 is easier, whereas for the first variant a lower installation effort is necessary. Usually, the electrodes of the two electrostatic precipitator 12 in Fig. 7 all individually or in pairs connected to the supply device 24 together.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bodenfräsmaschine, insbesondere eine Straßenfräse, zum Abtragen von Bodenmaterial sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Bodenfräsmaschine.The invention relates to a ground milling machine, in particular a road milling machine, for removing soil material and to a method for operating a ground milling machine.
Die Erfindung befasst sich allgemein mit der Staubbekämpfung im Arbeitsbetrieb einer Bodenfräsmaschinemaschine, insbesondere im Umgebungsbereich des Maschinenführers. Dies ist beispielsweise in der
Im Stand der Technik sind für Bodenfräsmaschinen bereits Absaugeinrichtungen bekannt, die einen Unterdruck im Fräswalzenkasten erzeugen und von dort die während der Fräsarbeiten entstehenden Stäube und Dämpfe absaugen. Dazu ist eine an einen Kanal über eine Absaugöffnung angeschlossene Absaugeinrichtung zum Absaugen von Staub vorhanden, wobei die Absaugöffnung zwischen dem Kanaleingang und dem Kanalausgang angeordnet ist. Der Kanal bezeichnet die Förderstrecke des Fräsgutes von der Aufgabestelle desselben auf die Transporteinrichtung bis zur Abgabestelle, wobei der Kanal in diesem Bereich die Transporteinrichtung üblicherweise wenigstens teilweise umhausend ausgebildet ist. Bevorzugt ist die Absaugöffnung in der Nähe des Kanaleingangs angebracht. Eine solche Baumaschine ist beispielweise in der
Die bekannten Möglichkeiten zur Reduktion der Staubemission einer Bodenfräsmaschine sind allerdings noch unbefriedigend. Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Möglichkeit anzugeben, die Staubemission bei einer gattungsgemäßen Bodenfräsmaschine weiter zu senken.However, the known possibilities for reducing the dust emission of a ground milling machine are still unsatisfactory. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a way to further reduce the dust emission in a generic ground milling machine.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe gelingt mit einer Bodenfräsmaschine sowie einem Verfahren gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The solution of the problem is achieved with a ground milling machine and a method according to the independent claims. Preferred developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Ein wesentlicher Grundgedanke der Erfindung liegt darin, einen Elektroabscheider an der Bodenfräsmaschine vorzusehen, über den während des Fräsbetriebs und/oder während des Transportes von Fräsgut entstehender Staub aus der staubbelasteten Luft abscheidbar ist. Unter einem Elektroabscheider bzw. Elektrofilter wird vorliegend allgemein eine Einrichtung verstanden, die eine Abscheidung von Partikeln aus der Luft, insbesondere Schwebstaubpartikel, mithilfe des elektrostatischen Prinzips ermöglicht. Drunter werden beispielsweise insbesondere Staubpartikel mit einem aerodynamischen Durchmesser von maximal 50µm und insbesondere von maximal 30µm verstanden Dabei erfolgt die Aufladung der Staubpartikel und anschließende Abscheidung in im Stand der Technik an sich grundsätzlich bekannter Weise. Der Vorteil der Verwendung eines Elektroabscheiders im vorliegenden Fall liegt darin, dass insbesondere auch in Bezug auf den Feinstaubanteil erheblich verbesserte Filterergebnisse erreicht werden können und auf diese Weise die Staubbelastung des Bedieners der Bodenfräsmaschine und umstehender Personen gesenkt werden kann. Darüber hinaus hat sich gezeigt, dass sich der Elektroabscheider besonders günstig in eine Bodenfräsmaschine integrieren und dort auch zuverlässig betreiben lässt. Gleichzeitig sind die Abscheideergebnisse sehr gut, so dass mithilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung eine besonders effiziente Staubreduktion möglich ist. Ein Elektroabscheider an sich ist beispielsweise in der
Es ist bevorzugt, wenn der Elektroabscheider dort oder zumindest in der Nähe angeordnet ist, wo die Staubbelastung entsteht bzw. im Vergleich zum Umfeld verhältnismäßig hoch ist. Grundsätzlich ist es somit beispielsweise möglich, den Elektroabscheider nahe beim Fräswalzenkasten, beispielsweise im Austrittsbereich des Fräsgutes aus dem Fräswalzenkasten, anzuordnen. Diese Anordnung hat den Vorteil, dass der Elektroabscheider direkt in den Maschinenkorpus integriert ist und dadurch eine besonders kompakte Bauform der gesamten Maschine ermöglicht. Alternativ ist es bevorzugt, wenn der Elektroabscheider an der Transporteinrichtung, insbesondere an einem Anhängeförderband, angeordnet ist. Die Transporteinrichtung schließt sich in Bezug auf den Materialfluss des erzeugten Fräsgutes an die Fräswalze bzw. den Fräswalzenkasten an, sodass die Staubbelastung in diesem Bereich in der Regel ebenfalls vergleichsweise hoch ist. Darüber hinaus eignet sich die Transporteinrichtung und insbesondere das Anhängeförderband auch aus platztechnischen Gründen besonders bevorzugt zur Anordnung des Elektroabscheiders, zumal der Elektroabscheider an dieser Stelle (Anhängeförderband) auch von außen, beispielsweise zu Wartungs- und/oder Reinigungszwecken, gut zugänglich ist. Dieser Bereich eignet sich ferner insbesondere auch zur Anbringung eines nachgerüsteten Elektroabscheiders.It is preferred if the electrostatic precipitator is arranged there or at least in the vicinity where the dust pollution occurs or is relatively high compared to the environment. In principle, it is thus possible, for example, to arrange the electrostatic precipitator close to the milling drum box, for example in the outlet area of the material to be milled from the milling drum box. This arrangement has the advantage that the electrostatic precipitator is integrated directly into the machine body, thereby enabling a particularly compact design of the entire machine. Alternatively, it is preferred if the electrostatic precipitator is arranged on the transport device, in particular on a trailer conveyor belt. The transport device follows in relation to the material flow of the material to be milled to the milling drum or the Fräswalzenkasten, so that the dust load in this area is usually also relatively high. In addition, the transport device and in particular the trailer conveyor belt is particularly suitable for space-technical reasons for the arrangement of the electrostatic precipitator, especially since the electrostatic precipitator at this point (trailer conveyor) from the outside, for example, for maintenance and / or cleaning purposes, is easily accessible. This area is also particularly suitable for mounting a retrofitted electrostatic precipitator.
Konkret kann die Transporteinrichtung ein Übergabeförderband und in Förderrichtung dahinter ein Verladeförderband umfassen. Das Übergabeförderband ist dabei häufig im Inneren der Bodenfräsmaschine bzw. im Inneren der Maschinenkarosserie angeordnet, wohingegen es sich bei dem Verladeförderband regelmäßig um ein sogenanntes Anhängeförderband handelt, welches an den Maschinenrahmen der Bodenfräsmaschine angehängt wird. Mit dem Übergabeförderband erfolgt primär die Förderung des Fräsgutes von der Fräswalze bzw. vom Fräswalzenkasten weg zu dem in Förderrichtung nachgeschalteten Verladeförderband. Mit dem Verladeförderband erfolgt dagegen die tatsächliche Verladung des Fräsgutes, beispielsweise auf ein entsprechendes Transportfahrzeug. Zu Transportzwecken ist es ferner vorteilhaft, wenn die Bodenfräsmaschine insgesamt in Bezug auf ihre Längserstreckung möglichst klein ist. Es ist im Stand der Technik dazu bekannt, das Verladeförderband faltbar mit einem Maschinenteil und einem Faltteil auszubilden, wobei der Faltteil an den Maschinenteil, insbesondere vorzugsweise von unten kommend, faltbar ist. Das Verladeförderband ist mit anderen Worten über den Maschinenteil mit der übrigen Bodenfräsmaschine verbunden und der Faltteil bildet den zu Transportzwecken einfaltbaren Abwurfbereich des Verladeförderbandes. Es ist nun bevorzugt, wenn der Elektroabscheider am Verladeförderband und ganz besonders, wenn ein faltbares Verladeförderband verwendet wird, am Maschinenteil des Verladeförderbandes angeordnet ist. Diese Stelle eignet sich einerseits aus Platzgründen besonders zur Anordnung dieses zusätzlichen Moduls. Andererseits hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Anordnung an dieser Stelle besonders geeignet zur Führung der staubbelasteten Luft ist und eine ausreichende Reduktion der Staubbelastung, insbesondere im Bereich eines Fahrstandes der Bodenfräsmaschine sowie im Abwurfbereich des Verladeförderbandes, ermöglicht. Aus Sicht- und Gewichtsverteilungsgründen ist es dabei ferner ideal, wenn das Verladeförderband derart ausgebildet ist, dass der Faltteil von unten an den Maschinenteil faltbar ist und der Elektroabscheider entsprechend oben auf dem Maschinenteil angebracht wird.In concrete terms, the transport device may comprise a transfer conveyor belt and, in the conveying direction behind, a loading conveyor belt. The transfer conveyor belt is often arranged inside the ground milling machine or inside the machine body, whereas it is regularly in the loading conveyor belt is a so-called trailer conveyor belt, which is attached to the machine frame of the ground milling machine. With the transfer conveyor Primarily the conveying of the milled material from the milling drum or from the milling drum box takes place to the downstream in the conveying direction Verladeförderband. With the loading conveyor, however, the actual loading of the material to be milled takes place, for example, on a corresponding transport vehicle. For transport purposes, it is also advantageous if the ground milling machine is as small as possible in total with respect to its longitudinal extent. It is known in the art to form the loading conveyor foldable with a machine part and a folding part, wherein the folding part to the machine part, in particular preferably coming from below, is foldable. In other words, the loading conveyor belt is connected with the rest of the ground milling machine via the machine part, and the folding part forms the drop-off area of the loading conveyor belt that can be folded for transport purposes. It is now preferred if the electrostatic precipitator on the loading conveyor belt and especially if a foldable loading conveyor belt is used, is arranged on the machine part of the loading conveyor belt. This place is on the one hand for reasons of space especially for the arrangement of this additional module. On the other hand, it has been found that the arrangement at this point is particularly suitable for guiding the dust-laden air and a sufficient reduction of dust pollution, especially in the range of a control station of the ground milling machine and in the discharge area of the loading conveyor allows. For visibility and weight distribution reasons, it is also ideal if the loading conveyor is designed such that the folding part is foldable from below to the machine part and the electrostatic precipitator is mounted on top of the machine part accordingly.
Zum Erhalt einer kompakten Maschine ist es ferner auch möglich, dass der Elektroabscheider innerhalb der Maschinenkarosserie angeordnet ist. Die Maschinenkarosserie bezeichnet vorliegend insbesondere die Außenhaut der Maschine, die üblicherweise durch Hauben, Bleche etc. gebildet wird. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist der Elektroabscheider somit nicht von außen an die Maschine angesetzt, sondern in deren Innenraum positioniert. Auf diese Weise werden die Außenabmessungen der Maschine durch den erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Elektroabscheider nicht zusätzlich vergrößert. Dabei ist es bevorzugt, dass die Bodenfräsmaschine wenigstens ein Übergabeförderband aufweist, auf das aus dem Fräswalzenkasten herausgefördertes Fräsgut unmittelbar übergeben wird und über das das Fräsgut aus dem Maschineninneren heraus transportiert wird, wobei zur Aufnahme des Übergabeförderbandes ein Lagerschacht vorhanden ist, und wobei der Elektroabscheider zumindest teilweise innerhalb dieses Lagerschachtes angeordnet ist. Der Lagerschacht bezeichnet somit eine im Inneren der Maschine vorhandene längserstreckte tunnelartige Aussparung, in die beispielsweise das Übergabeförderband von außen kommend eingeschoben werden kann. Dieser Lagerschacht eignet sich insofern besonders gut zur Unterbringung des Elektroabscheiders, da der hierfür bei konventionellen Maschinen bereits vorhandene Bauraum bereits ausreichend groß zur zusätzlichen Aufnahme des Elektroabscheiders ist oder zumindest nur unwesentlich vergrößert werden muss.To obtain a compact machine, it is also possible that the electrostatic precipitator is disposed within the machine body. The machine body referred to in the present case in particular the outer skin of the machine, which is usually formed by hoods, sheets, etc. In this embodiment, the electrostatic precipitator is thus not attached to the outside of the machine, but positioned in the interior thereof. In this way, the external dimensions of the machine are not additionally increased by the inventively provided electrostatic precipitator. It is preferred that the Bodenfräsmaschine has at least one transfer conveyor on which out of the Fräswalzenkasten milled material is transferred directly and over which the milled material is transported out of the machine inside, wherein for receiving the transfer conveyor belt a storage shaft is present, and wherein the Elektroabscheider at least is partially disposed within this storage shaft. The storage shaft thus denotes an existing inside the machine elongated tunnel-like recess into which, for example, the transfer conveyor belt can be inserted coming from outside. This storage shaft is particularly well suited for accommodating the electrostatic precipitator, since the already existing for conventional machines Space is already large enough for additional inclusion of Elektroabscheiders or at least only slightly increased must.
Um eine definierte Führung der während des Fräsprozesses entstehenden staubbelasteten Luft zu ermöglichen, ist erfindungsgemäß eine Pumpeinrichtung, insbesondere eine Saugeinrichtung, vorgesehen, mit der die staubbelastete Luft förderbar ist. Derartige Pumpeinrichtungen, beispielsweise entsprechende Gebläse, sind vom Grundsatz her im Stand der Technik bekannt, wie beispielsweise in der
In der konkreten Ausführung der Strömungsführung der staubbelastetem Luft kann auf verschiedene Alternativen zurückgegriffen werden. Es ist beispielsweise von Vorteil, wenn die Pumpeinrichtung eine Absaugeinrichtung aufweist, über die staubbelastete Luft vom Fräsgut und dessen unmittelbarer Umgebung abgesaugt wird, wobei die Absaugeinrichtung insbesondere derart ausgebildet ist, dass die Absaugrichtung eingangsseitig zur Absaugeinrichtung wenigstens teilweise entgegen der Förderrichtung des Fräsguts verläuft. Bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Weiterbildung wird die staubbelastete Luft im Vergleich zur Förderrichtung des Fräsgutes somit einmal umgelenkt, insbesondere um mehr als 90°. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass größere im durch die Förderung des Fräsgutes erzeugten Luftstrom mitgerissene Bestandteile, wie beispielsweise kleine Fräsgutstücke etc., aufgrund ihrer Massenträgheit vom angesaugten staubbelasteten Luftstrom getrennt werden, wodurch beispielsweise letztlich auch der Elektrofilter geschont wird.In the specific embodiment of the flow guidance of the dust-laden air can be made use of various alternatives. It is advantageous, for example, if the pump device has a suction device, via which dust-laden air is sucked off the milled material and its immediate surroundings, wherein the suction device is designed in particular such that the suction direction on the input side to the suction device runs at least partially counter to the conveying direction of the milled material. In this development according to the invention, the dust-laden air is thus deflected once compared to the conveying direction of the milled material, in particular by more than 90 °. This has the advantage that larger entrained in the air flow generated by the promotion of the milled material, such as small pieces of milled etc., are separated due to their inertia from the sucked dust-laden air flow, which ultimately, for example, the electrostatic filter is spared.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es ferner vorgesehen, dass ein Strömungsschacht vorhanden ist, durch den hindurch die staubbelastete Luft mithilfe der Pumpeinrichtung geführt wird. Ein Strömungsschacht bezeichnet somit einen kanalartigen, insbesondere statischen, Strömungsführungsabschnitt, insbesondere mit einer oder mehreren Schachtwänden, umfassend einen Lufteingang, eine Entstaubungsstrecke und einen Luftausgang. Der Elektroabscheider ist nun mit wenigstens einer Aufladestufe und wenigstens eine Abscheidestufe innerhalb dieses Strömungsschachts angeordnet. Die Aufladestufe des Elektroabscheiders bezeichnet denjenigen Bereich, der für die elektrostatische Aufladung der Staubpartikel verantwortlich ist. Die Abscheidestufe bezeichnet dagegen denjenigen Teil des Elektroabscheiders, von dem die elektrostatisch aufgeladenen Staubpartikel angezogen und an diesem abgeschieden werden. Der Strömungsschacht an sich kann in vorteilhafter Weise mannigfaltig variiert werden.According to the invention, it is further provided that a flow shaft is present through which the dust-laden air is guided by means of the pumping device. A flow shaft thus designates a channel-like, in particular static, flow-guiding section, in particular with one or more shaft walls, comprising an air inlet, a dedusting section and an air outlet. The electrostatic precipitator is now arranged with at least one charging stage and at least one separation stage within this flow shaft. The charge level of the electrostatic precipitator refers to the area responsible for the electrostatic charge of the dust particles. In contrast, the separation stage designates that part of the electrostatic precipitator from which the electrostatically charged dust particles be attracted and deposited on this. The flow shaft itself can be varied manifold in an advantageous manner.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, den Strömungsschacht beispielsweise als Umhausung wenigstens eines Teils der Transporteinrichtung auszuführen. Auf diese Weise kann eine besonders kompakte Gesamtausbildung von Transporteinrichtung und Elektroabscheider erhalten werden. Der Förderkanal der Transporteinrichtung und der Strömungsschacht des Elektroabscheiders bilden dann einen gemeinsamen Raum, wobei ergänzend besonders bevorzugt eine mechanische Barriere zwischen dem Teilraum des Elektroabscheiders und dem Teilraum des Förderkanals vorgesehen ist, beispielsweise ein Gitter, um Beschädigungen von Teilen des Elektroabscheiders durch Bestandteile des Fräsgutes vorzubeugen. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, dass der Strömungsschacht wenigstens teilweise räumlich getrennt von einem das Förderband umgebenden Förderkanal ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise erfolgen der Transport des Fräsgutes und die Abscheidung von Staubpartikeln aus der staubbelasteten Luft somit in verschiedenen Kompartimenten. Dadurch kann beispielsweise einerseits die Abscheiderate des Elektroabscheiders verbessert und andererseits eine Beschädigung des Elektroabscheiders durch das Fräsgut zuverlässig verhindert werden. Ideal ist es hier, wenn der Elektroabscheider vollständig getrennt vom Förderkanal angeordnet und ausgebildet ist.In principle, it is possible to carry out the flow shaft, for example, as housing around at least part of the transport device. In this way, a particularly compact overall design of the transport device and the electrostatic precipitator can be obtained. The conveying channel of the transport device and the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator then form a common space, wherein a mechanical barrier between the subspace of the electrostatic precipitator and the subspace of the conveying channel is additionally preferably provided, for example a grid, in order to prevent damage to parts of the electrostatic precipitator by components of the milled material , However, it is also possible that the flow shaft is at least partially formed spatially separated from a conveying channel surrounding the conveyor belt. In this way, the transport of the milled material and the deposition of dust particles from the dust-laden air thus take place in different compartments. As a result, on the one hand improves the deposition rate of the electrostatic precipitator and on the other hand damage to the electrostatic precipitator can be reliably prevented by the milled material. It is ideal here if the electrostatic precipitator is arranged and formed completely separate from the conveying channel.
Der Strömungsschacht des Elektroabscheiders ist bevorzugt derart ausgebildet, dass er ausgangsseitig in den Förderkanal, insbesondere oberhalb des Förderbandes, mündet. Die staubbelastete Luft wird somit zunächst abgesaugt, beispielsweise im Bereich des Fräswalzenkastens und/oder des Übergabeförderbandes, abgezweigt und dem Elektroabscheider zugeführt. Nach der Passage des Elektroabscheiders wird die nunmehr gereinigte Luft wieder dem Förderkanal, insbesondere oberhalb des Förderbandes, zugeführt. Auf diese Weise ist kein separater Luftauslass an der Bodenfräsmaschine für die aufgereinigte Luft erforderlich und sie kann insbesondere ausgangsseitig des Förderkanals zusammen mit dem Fräsgut ausgeblasen werden. Dazu kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass über den Strömungsschacht hinaus wenigstens eine Verbindungsleitung vorhanden ist, die sich beispielsweise in Durchströmungsrichtung an diesen anschließt. Über die, insbesondere flexible, Verbindungsleitung kann dann die aus dem Strömungsschacht austretende, entstaubte Luft beispielsweise zum Förderkanal und/oder zur Außenumgebung geleiten werden.The flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator is preferably designed such that it opens on the output side into the conveyor channel, in particular above the conveyor belt. The dust-laden air is thus sucked first, for example, in the field of Fräswalzenkastens and / or the transfer conveyor belt, branched off and fed to the electrostatic precipitator. After the passage of the electrostatic precipitator, the now cleaned air is returned to the conveyor channel, in particular above the conveyor belt. In this way, no separate air outlet on the ground milling machine for the purified air is required and it can be blown in particular output side of the conveyor channel together with the milled material. For this purpose, it can also be provided that at least one connecting line is present beyond the flow shaft, which adjoins, for example, in the flow direction. By means of the, in particular flexible, connecting line, the dedusted air emerging from the flow shaft can then be conducted, for example, to the conveying channel and / or to the outside environment.
Ideal ist es, wenn der Strömungsschacht des Elektroabscheiders auf dem Förderkanal der Transporteinrichtung angeordnet ist bzw. auf diesen aufgesetzt ist. Der Strömungsschacht des Elektroabscheiders bildet dann eine kompakte Baueinheit mit dem Förderkanal der Transporteinrichtung. Dies kann insbesondere das Verladeförderband oder aber auch der innenliegende Bereich eines Lagerschachtes, wie vorstehend beschrieben, insbesondere für ein Übergabeförderband, sein.It is ideal if the flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator is arranged on the conveying channel of the transporting device or is placed thereon. The flow shaft of the electrostatic precipitator then forms a compact unit with the conveying channel of the transport device. This may in particular be the loading conveyor belt or even the inner area of a storage shaft, as described above, in particular for a transfer conveyor belt.
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass der Elektroabscheider derart ausgebildet ist, dass die zu reinigende Luft im Wesentlichen gradlinig durch diesen geführt wird. Allerdings kann es auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Luftführung im Elektroabscheider derart erfolgt, dass die Luft einmal der mehrfach innerhalb des Elektroabscheiders umgelenkt wird, beispielsweise durch geeignete Leitflächen etc., wobei bevorzugt insbesondere nicht direkt angeströmte Leitflächen insbesondere auch als Abscheideelemente des Elektroabscheiders genutzt werden können.It can also be provided that the electrostatic precipitator is designed such that the air to be cleaned is guided in a substantially straight line through it. However, it may also be advantageous if the air duct in the electrostatic precipitator takes place such that the air is once again diverted several times within the electrostatic precipitator, for example by suitable guide surfaces, etc., whereby in particular not directly impinged conducting surfaces can in particular also be used as separating elements of the electrostatic precipitator ,
Bevorzugt ist der Elektroabscheider beispielsweise derart ausgebildet, dass die Aufladestufe eine Anode, insbesondere in Form einer Koronaelektrode (corona electrode), und die Abscheidestufe eine Kathode ist. Die elektrostatische Aufladung der Staubpartikel erfolgt somit bevorzugt derart, dass diese positiv aufgeladen werden. Diese Art der Aufladung hat sich für die vorliegende Anwendung als besonders effizient erwiesen. Die Abscheidestufe ist entsprechend bevorzugt negativ geladen. Auf diese Weise erfolgt eine besonders effiziente Agglomeration der Staubpartikel sowie anschließende Abscheidung auf der Abscheidestufe. Es ist aber auch möglich und ausdrücklich von der Erfindung mit umfasst, dass die Aufladestufe die Kathode und die Abscheidestufe die Anode ist. Auch dies kann zu befriedigenden Abscheideergebnissen führen.For example, the electrostatic precipitator is preferably designed such that the charging stage is an anode, in particular in the form of a corona electrode , and the deposition stage is a cathode. The electrostatic charge of the dust particles is thus preferably such that they are positively charged. This type of charging has proven to be particularly efficient for the present application. The separation stage is accordingly preferably negatively charged. In this way, a particularly efficient agglomeration of dust particles and subsequent deposition takes place on the separation stage. However, it is also possible and expressly encompassed by the invention that the charging stage is the cathode and the deposition stage is the anode. This too can lead to satisfactory deposition results.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Abscheidestufe nach Belieben an die jeweiligen Raumbedingungen anzupassen. Bevorzugt ist es dabei, wenn die Abscheidestufe möglichst großflächig ausgebildet ist, um eine effiziente Abscheidung der aufgeladenen Staubpartikel zu ermöglichen. Ideal ist es dazu, wenn sich die Abscheidestufe in Durchströmungsrichtung der durch den Elektroabscheider geführten Luft längserstreckt, um eine maximale Abscheidestrecke zu erhalten. Die Abscheidestufe kann beispielsweise eine Platte und/oder ein Gitter sein. Optimal und daher erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen ist es, dass die Abscheidestufe ein, insbesondere als Strömungsschacht ausgebildetes, Gehäuse, zumindest Innengehäuse, des Elektroabscheiders ist. Die Abscheidestufe erfüllt bei dieser Ausführungsform somit eine Doppelfunktion. Neben einer vergleichsweise großen Abscheidefläche bildet sie gleichzeitig zumindest einen Teil des Gehäuses des Elektroabscheiders. Die Abscheidestufe kann insbesondere auch mehrere einzelne Abscheideflächen umfassen und/oder dreidimensional verformt, insbesondere gekurvt, ausgebildet sein.In principle, it is possible to adapt the separation stage at will to the respective room conditions. In this case, it is preferable for the separation stage to have the largest possible surface area in order to enable efficient separation of the charged dust particles. Ideally, this is when the separation stage extends longitudinally in the flow direction of the air guided through the electrostatic precipitator in order to obtain a maximum separation distance. The separation stage may be, for example, a plate and / or a grid. Optimal and therefore provided according to the invention it is provided that the separation stage is a, in particular designed as a flow well, housing, at least the inner housing, of the electrostatic precipitator. The separation stage thus fulfills a dual function in this embodiment. In addition to a comparatively large separation surface, it simultaneously forms at least a part of the housing of the electrostatic precipitator. The separation stage may in particular also comprise a plurality of individual separation surfaces and / or be formed in a three-dimensionally deformed manner, in particular curved.
Auch im Hinblick auf die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Aufladestufe kann auf eine Vielzahl von Varianten zurückgegriffen werden. So kann es beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, dass die Aufladestufe ein Draht, ein Drahtgeflecht oder auch eine plattenartige Struktur ist. Wesentlich ist dabei, dass bestimmte Mindestabstände zur Abscheidestufe eingehalten werden, um möglichst einen Überschlag zwischen Aufladestufe und Abscheidestufe zu verhindern. Bevorzugt ist es ferner, wenn sich die Aufladestufe in Längsrichtung der Abscheidestufe, insbesondere entlang des Strömungsschachtes und/oder in Richtung der Durchströmungsrichtung der Luft, erstreckt. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, die von der staubbelastetem Luft zu passierende Aufladestrecke zu maximieren und dadurch optimale Abscheideraten zu erreichen. Dies bedeutet somit, dass sich die Aufladestufe bevorzugt in Strömungsrichtung der staubbelastetem Luft erstreckt. Die Aufladestufe kann zudem ergänzend oder alternativ derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie wenigstens einen Teilbereich umfasst, der im Wesentlichen quer zur Strömungsrichtung der staubbelastetem Luft verläuft. Die Aufladestufe stellt dann eine Art Strömungshindernis und/oder Verwirbelungsstufe dar, wodurch ebenfalls eine hohe lonisierungsrate der Staubpartikel in der staubbelasteten Luft sichergestellt wird. Auch zusätzliche Verwirbelungseinrichtungen, wie beispielweise Wirbelscheiden, können zur Verbesserung des Aufladeprozesses vorgesehen sein.Also with regard to the specific design of the charging stage can be used on a variety of variants. For example, it may be provided that the charging stage is a wire, a wire mesh or even a plate-like structure. It is essential that certain minimum distances are kept to Abscheidestufe to prevent as possible a rollover between charging and separation stage. It is further preferred if the charging step extends in the longitudinal direction of the separation stage, in particular along the flow shaft and / or in the direction of the flow direction of the air. In this way it is possible to maximize the charge path to be passed by the dust-laden air and thereby achieve optimum deposition rates. This therefore means that the charging stage preferably extends in the flow direction of the dust-laden air. In addition, the charging step may additionally or alternatively be designed such that it comprises at least one subregion which runs essentially transversely to the flow direction of the dust-laden air. The charging step then constitutes a type of flow obstruction and / or turbulence stage, which also ensures a high ionization rate of the dust particles in the dust-laden air. Additional turbulence devices, such as, for example, swirl sheaths, can also be provided to improve the charging process.
Im laufenden Betrieb der Bodenfräsmaschine und insbesondere des Elektroabscheiders erfolgt somit eine Abscheidung von Staubpartikeln im Elektroabscheider, insbesondere an der Abscheidestufe. Um die Effizienz des Elektroabscheiders möglichst optimal zu halten, ist es nun wichtig, dass der Elektroabscheider in regelmäßigen Abständen gereinigt wird, da an der Abscheidestufe abgeschiedene Staubpartikel beispielsweise isolierend wirken. Hierzu ist es grundsätzlich möglich, dies beispielsweise manuell, durch Unterbrechung des Arbeitsprozesses, durchzuführen. Bevorzugt ist es jedoch, wenn der Elektroabscheider eine Reinigungseinrichtung umfasst, mit der am Elektroabscheider anhaftendes Material von diesem entfernbar ist. Der Vorteil der Reinigungseinrichtung liegt darin, dass die Reinigung des Elektroabscheiders beispielsweise automatisch und/oder ohne aufwändige manuelle Arbeiten durchgeführt werden kann. Die Reinigungseinrichtung kann dazu beispielsweise eine Ausschalteinrichtung aufweisen, über die an der Abscheidestufe und der Aufladestufe anliegende Spannungen während des Betriebs der Fördereinrichtung abgeschaltet werden. Der Elektroabscheider wird dann mithilfe der Pumpeinrichtung freigeblasen. Dieser Effekt kann weiter verstärkt werden, wenn mithilfe der Pumpeinrichtung beispielsweise ein Druckimpuls erzeugt werden kann. Ergänzend oder alternativ kann auch mithilfe einer Umpoleinrichtung eine intervallartige und/oder kurzfristige Umpolung der Abscheidestufe und der Aufladestufe erfolgen, um anhaftendes Material aufzulockern und zu lösen. Der Elektroabscheider kann auch eine separate Reinigungseinrichtung mit beispielsweise Reinigungsdüsen, insbesondere für Luft und/oder Wasser, aufweisen, deren Betätigung eine Beaufschlagung der Aufladestufe und/oder Abscheidestufe mit Druckluft und/oder Wasser auslöst. Wasser hat hier den Vorteil, dass es die abgeschiedenen Staubpartikel bindet. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht in einer mechanisch wirkenden Reinigungseinrichtung, mit der auf der Abscheidestufe abgeschiedene Staubpartikel entfernt werden. Dies kann beispielweise eine Rüttel- und/oder Klopfeinrichtung sein, insbesondere mithilfe eines motorisch betriebenen Stößels und/oder Exzenters, so dass das abgeschiedene Staubmaterial von der Abscheidestufe abgeschlagen wird. Auch eine Abschab- und/oder Bürsteinrichtung ist möglich.During operation of the ground milling machine and in particular of the electrostatic precipitator, there is thus a separation of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator, in particular at the separation stage. In order to keep the efficiency of the electrostatic precipitator as optimal as possible, it is now important that the electrostatic precipitator is cleaned at regular intervals, since dust particles deposited at the separation stage have an insulating effect, for example. For this purpose, it is basically possible to do this for example manually, by interrupting the work process. However, it is preferred if the electrostatic precipitator comprises a cleaning device with which material adhering to the electrostatic precipitator can be removed therefrom. The advantage of the cleaning device is that the cleaning of the electrostatic precipitator can be performed, for example, automatically and / or without time-consuming manual work. For this purpose, the cleaning device can, for example, have a switch-off device, via which voltages applied to the separating stage and the charging stage are switched off during the operation of the conveying device. The electrostatic precipitator is then blown free by means of the pumping device. This effect can be further enhanced if, for example, a pressure pulse can be generated by means of the pumping device. Additionally or alternatively, by means of a Umpoleinrichtung an interval-like and / or short-term Umpolung the Abscheidestufe and the Aufladestufe done to loosen adhering material and solve. The electrostatic precipitator can also be a separate cleaning device with, for example, cleaning nozzles, in particular for Air and / or water, the actuation of which triggers the charging stage and / or separation stage with compressed air and / or water. Water has the advantage here that it binds the separated dust particles. Another possibility consists in a mechanically acting cleaning device, with the deposited on the separation stage dust particles are removed. This may be, for example, a vibrating and / or knocking device, in particular by means of a motor-operated plunger and / or eccentric, so that the separated dust material is cut off from the separating step. A Abschab- and / or Bürsteinrichtung is possible.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, das mithilfe der Reinigungseinrichtung entfernte Staubmaterial beispielsweise aus dem Elektroabscheider auszublasen. Eleganter ist es jedoch, wenn die Reinigungseinrichtung eine Auswurföffnung oder -klappe aufweist, durch die hindurch von der Abscheidestufe abgereinigtes Material aus dem Elektroabscheider, insbesondere auf das Förderband oder in einen separaten Sammelbehälter, entfernbar ist. Mithilfe der Auswurföffnung und -klappe wird somit eine Verbindung zwischen dem Elektroabscheider und dem Förderband/dem Sammelbehälter erhalten, über die das abgeschiedene Staubmaterial wieder dem Förderband zugeführt werden kann oder über den Sammelbehälter getrennt entsorgt werden kann. Die Auswurföffnung oder -klappe ist dabei bevorzugt derart ausgebildet, dass von der Abscheidestufe gelöstes Material durch diese hindurch auf das Förderband/in den Sammelbehälter fällt. Damit ist sichergestellt, dass das abgereinigte Staubmaterial entweder zusammen mit dem übrigen Fräsgut verladen wird oder einer getrennten Entsorgung zugeführt werden kann. Sofern auf einen Sammelbehälter zurückgegriffen wird, kann es hierzu beispielsweise vorgesehen sein, ein geeignetes Behälterfach an der Maschine selbst vorzusehen, um den Behälter mitführen zu können, oder eine idealerweise dichte Verbindungseinrichtung zu nutzen, über die ein externer Sammelbehälter staubdicht zu Reinigungszwecken an die Auswurföffnung oder -klappe anschließbar ist.In principle, it is possible to blow out the dust removed by means of the cleaning device, for example, from the electrostatic precipitator. However, it is more elegant if the cleaning device has an ejection opening or flap, through which material removed from the separation stage can be removed from the electrostatic precipitator, in particular onto the conveyor belt or into a separate collecting container. By means of the ejection opening and flap thus a connection between the electrostatic precipitator and the conveyor belt / the collecting container is obtained, via which the separated dust material can be returned to the conveyor belt or can be disposed of separately via the collecting container. The ejection opening or flap is preferably designed such that material separated from the separation stage falls through the latter onto the conveyor belt / into the collecting container. This ensures that the cleaned dust material is either loaded together with the other milled material or can be sent to a separate disposal. If recourse is made to a collecting container, this can be provided, for example, to be able to carry a suitable container compartment in order to be able to carry the container or to use an ideally sealed connecting device via which an external collecting container is dust-tight for cleaning purposes at the ejection opening or flap can be connected.
Teil des Elektroabscheiders ist bevorzugt ferner ein Gehäuse mit wenigstens einer Wartungsklappe, durch die hindurch der Zugriff auf den Innenraum des Elektroabscheiders, insbesondere die Aufladestufe und/oder die Abscheidestufe, möglich ist. Die Wartungsklappe ist somit im regulären Betrieb des Elektroabscheiders geschlossen. Die Wartungsklappe ermöglicht somit einen Zugriff von außen auf den Innenraum des Elektroabscheiders, beispielsweise zu Reinigung- und/oder Wartungszwecken.Part of the electrostatic precipitator is preferably also a housing with at least one maintenance flap, through which the access to the interior of the electrostatic precipitator, in particular the charging stage and / or the separation stage, is possible. The maintenance flap is thus closed during regular operation of the electrostatic precipitator. The maintenance flap thus allows access from the outside to the interior of the electrostatic precipitator, for example for cleaning and / or maintenance purposes.
Der Elektroabscheider kann als Funktionseinheit vollständig und permanent in die Bodenfräsmaschine verbaut werden. Alternativ kann es aber auch vorgesehen sein, den Elektroabscheider als Modul auszubilden, umfassend wenigstens eine Anschlusseinrichtungen zum Anschluss einer, insbesondere maschinenseitigen, elektrischen Energieversorgung. Diese Variante hat den Vorteil, dass der Elektroabscheider vergleichsweise schnell ausgebaut und/oder ausgetaucht werden kann, was beispielsweise dann gewünscht sein kann, wenn Defekte am Elektroabscheider auftreten. Mit Modul wird vorliegend somit eine Bauteileinheit bezeichnet, die als zusammenhängendes Bauteil in die übrige Maschine einbaubar und wieder ausbaubar ist. Ideal ist es dabei, wenn der Elektroabscheider dazu eine lösbare Halteeinrichtung zur Befestigung an der Bodenfräsmaschine umfasst, insbesondere umfassend wenigstens eines der Merkmale Schienenführung und/oder Formschluss- und/oder Klemmfixierung. Mit Hilfe der lösbaren Halteeinrichtung gelingt einerseits der Ausbau des Elektroabscheiders besonders gut, da die Befestigung des Elektroabscheiders schnell gelöst werden kann. Andererseits nimmt der Elektroabscheider durch die Halteeinrichtung zuverlässig beim Einbau seine definierte Endlage ein, was wiederum den Einbau des Elektroabscheiders beschleunigt und vereinfacht.The electrostatic precipitator can be completely and permanently installed in the floor milling machine as a functional unit. Alternatively, it may also be provided, the electrostatic precipitator form as a module, comprising at least one connection means for connecting a, in particular the machine side, electrical power supply. This variant has the advantage that the electrostatic precipitator can be removed and / or replaced comparatively quickly, which may be desirable, for example, if defects occur at the electrostatic precipitator. In the present case, a module is thus referred to as a component unit which can be installed as a contiguous component in the rest of the machine and can be removed again. It is ideal if the electrostatic precipitator for this purpose comprises a releasable holding device for attachment to the ground milling machine, in particular comprising at least one of the features rail guide and / or positive locking and / or clamping fixation. With the help of the releasable holding device on the one hand, the expansion of the electrostatic precipitator succeeds particularly well, since the attachment of the electrostatic precipitator can be solved quickly. On the other hand, the electrostatic precipitator reliably assumes its defined end position during installation due to the holding device, which in turn accelerates and simplifies the installation of the electrostatic precipitator.
Bevorzugt ist es, wenn ein Schließzustandsensor vorhanden ist, über den der Schließzustand der Wartungsklappe überwachbar ist. Ein solcher Schließzustandsensor kann beispielsweise ein Kontaktschalter, insbesondere ein Reedkontaktschalter, oder Ähnliches sein, der bei geschlossener Wartungsklappe betätigt wird. Der Schließzustandsensor steht vorzugsweise mit einer Steuereinheit in Verbindung. Die Steuereinheit ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie verhindert, dass die Abscheidestufe und/oder Aufladestufe bei geöffneter Wartungsklappe mit elektrischer Energie versorgt werden. Dadurch kann die Sicherheit für das Bedienpersonal gesteigert werden.It is preferred if a closing state sensor is present, via which the closed state of the maintenance flap can be monitored. Such a closure state sensor may be, for example, a contact switch, in particular a reed contact switch, or the like, which is actuated when the maintenance cover is closed. The closing state sensor is preferably connected to a control unit. The control unit is designed such that it prevents the separating stage and / or charging stage from being supplied with electrical energy when the maintenance cover is open. As a result, the safety for the operating personnel can be increased.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, zur Versorgung des Elektroabscheiders mit elektrischer Energie auf eine eigene Energiequelle, wie beispielsweise eine Batterie, zurückzugreifen. Bevorzugt ist es jedoch, wenn der Elektroabscheider zur Versorgung mit elektrischer Energie an das Bordnetz der Bodenfräsmaschine angeschlossen ist. Dies erfolgt idealerweise unter Zwischenschaltung eines Wandlers.In principle, it is possible to use electrical energy for the supply of the electrostatic precipitator to its own energy source, such as a battery. However, it is preferred if the electrostatic precipitator is connected to the electrical system of the ground milling machine for the supply of electrical energy. This is ideally done with the interposition of a converter.
Von der Erfindung mit umfasst sind ferner Ausführungsformen, bei denen wenigstens zwei Elektroabscheider parallel geschaltet sind bzw. wenigstens zwei Strömungsschächte vorgesehen sind. Auf diese Weise können die Abscheideergebnisse weiter verbessert werden. Ergänzend oder alternativ können zwei Elektroabscheider auch in Serie geschaltet werden.Also included in the invention are embodiments in which at least two electrostatic precipitators are connected in parallel or at least two flow shafts are provided. In this way, the deposition results can be further improved. Additionally or alternatively, two electrostatic precipitators can also be connected in series.
Es kann ferner vorgesehen sein, dass weitere Reinigungsstufen ergänzend zum Elektroabscheider vorgesehen sind. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, insbesondere in Strömungsrichtung der staubbelasteten Luft vor dem Elektroabscheider, einen Fliehkraftabscheider (Zyklonfilter) vorzusehen, mit dem gröbere Partikel vor dem Elektroabscheider aus der staubbelasteten Luft entfernbar sind. Auch können ein Gitter und/oder wenigstens eine Labyrinthfilterstufe vorgesehen sein. Wenn eine vorgeschaltete Filterstufe verwendet wird, ist diese somit idealerweise derart ausgelegt, dass sie nur einen geringen Druckabfall über diese Filterstufe bewirkt. Ergänzend oder alternativ kann es auch vorgesehen sein, dass eine Nachfilterstufe zur Abscheidung insbesondere von Feinstaubpartikeln vorhanden ist, die dem Elektroabscheider in Durchströmungsrichtung nachgeschaltet ist, wobei die Nachfilterstufe insbesondere ein weiterer Elektrofilter ist. Mit dieser Variante können somit besonders gute Abscheideergebnisse erreicht werden. Dieser erhöhte Aufwand ist insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn mit problembehafteten Materialien, beispielsweise Asbest, und/oder im Innenbereich gearbeitet wird. Ergänzend oder alternativ ist es auch möglich, zusätzlich zum Elektroabscheider eine Wasserberieselungseinrichtung vorzusehen. Diese ist insbesondere in Bezug auf die Strömungsrichtung der durch die Pumpeinrichtung bewegten Luft im Bereich hinter dem Elektroabscheider, ganz besonders im Bereich des Verladeförderbandes, angeordnet. Mithilfe der Wasserberieselungseinrichtung kann eine Art Wasserbarriere bzw. -vorhang bzw. Sprühnebelwand erzeugt werden, die vor dem Verlassen insbesondere des Förderkanals von der durch den Elektroabscheider geführten Luft passiert werden muss. Bei der Berieselungseinrichtung kann es sich konkret beispielsweise um eine oder mehrere Düsen und/oder einen Sprühbalken handeln. Mithilfe der Wasserberieselungseinrichtung gelingt ein effizientes Abfangen von Staubpartikeln, die nach Passage des Elektrofilters noch in der Luft enthalten sind. Optimal ist es dabei, wenn Maßnahmen getroffen werden, das von der Wasserberieselungseinrichtung ausgetragene Wasser in analoger Weise zur Abscheidestufe aufzuladen, was beispielsweise durch einen entsprechenden Masseanschluss gelingen kann. Auf dieser Weise kann der mit der Berieselungseinrichtung erzielte Reinigungseffekt noch weiter verbessert werden. Ferner ist die Berieselungseinrichtung optimalerweise derart angeordnet, dass das von ihr ausgetragene Wasser von der Förderband, insbesondere dem Verladefördeband, aufgefangen wird. Im Betrieb wird das ausgetragene Wasser dann zusammen mit dem Fräsgut ausgeworfen.It can also be provided that additional purification stages are provided in addition to the electrostatic precipitator. Thus, it is possible, for example, to provide a centrifugal separator (cyclone filter), in particular in the flow direction of the dust-laden air in front of the electrostatic precipitator. with the coarser particle before the electrostatic precipitator are removable from the dust-laden air. Also, a grid and / or at least one labyrinth filter stage may be provided. Thus, if an upstream filter stage is used, it is ideally designed to cause only a small pressure drop across that filter stage. Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that a Nachfilterstufe is present for the deposition of particulate matter in particular, which is downstream of the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction, wherein the Nachfilterstufe is in particular a further electrostatic precipitator. With this variant, therefore, particularly good separation results can be achieved. This increased effort is particularly useful when working with problematic materials, such as asbestos, and / or indoors. Additionally or alternatively, it is also possible to provide a Wasserberieselungseinrichtung in addition to the electrostatic precipitator. This is arranged in particular in relation to the flow direction of the air moved through the pumping device in the area behind the electrostatic precipitator, especially in the region of the loading conveyor belt. With the help of the water sprinkling device, it is possible to produce a type of water barrier or curtain or spray wall, which must be passed by the air guided through the electrostatic precipitator before it leaves the conveying channel in particular. Specifically, the sprinkler can be, for example, one or more nozzles and / or a spray bar. With the help of the water sprinkler, an efficient capture of dust particles that are still present in the air after passage of the electrostatic filter succeeds. It is optimal if measures are taken to charge the water discharged from the water sprinkling device in an analogous manner to the separation stage, which can be achieved, for example, by means of a corresponding ground connection. In this way, the cleaning effect achieved with the sprinkler can be further improved. Furthermore, the sprinkler is optimally arranged such that the water discharged from it is collected by the conveyor belt, in particular the Verladefördeband. In operation, the discharged water is then ejected together with the milled material.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung liegt in einem Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Bodenfräsmaschine, insbesondere zur Reduktion der Staubbelastung beim Betrieb einer Bodenfräsmaschine. Das Verfahren bezieht sich dabei auf den Betrieb einer erfindungsgemäßen Bodenfräsmaschine. Wesentliche Schritte des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind A) das Durchführen eines Fräsvorgangs, B) das Leiten von staubbelasteter Luft hin zu einem Elektroabscheider, C) das Aufladen und Abscheiden von Staubteilchen im Elektroabscheider und D) das Ausblasen der gereinigten Luft. Wesentlich für das erfindungsgemäß Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Bodenfräsmaschine ist somit, dass zur Reduktion der Staubbelastung ein Elektroabscheider verwendet wird, dem die staubbelastete Luft zur auf Reinigung zugeführt wird. Erst die gereinigte Luft wird nach der Passage des Elektroabscheiders ausgeblasen, sodass der Bediener der Bodenfräsmaschine sowie umstehende Personen nur noch einer geringeren Staubbelastung ausgesetzt sind. Im Schritt B) erfolgt dabei insbesondere ein Absaugen der staubbelasteten Luft aus dem Bereich des Fräswalzenkastens, insbesondere über ein geeignetes Sauggebläse. Die staubbelastete Luft wird anschließend bevorzugt aus dem Inneren der Bodenfräsmaschine herausgeführt und an den Elektroabscheider weitergeleitet. Im Schritt C) ist insbesondere die positive Aufladung der Staubpartikel vorgesehen. Im Schritt D) erfolgt das Ausblasen besonders bevorzugt durch ein Rückführen der Luft in den Förderkanal der Transporteinrichtung und nicht an separater Stelle an der Bodenfräsmaschine, was aber auch möglich und von der Erfindung mit umfasst ist.Another aspect of the invention lies in a method for operating a ground milling machine, in particular for reducing the dust load during operation of a ground milling machine. The method relates to the operation of a ground milling machine according to the invention. Essential steps of the method according to the invention are A) performing a milling operation, B) passing dust-laden air towards an electrostatic precipitator, C) charging and separating dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator and D) blowing out the cleaned air. It is thus essential for the method according to the invention for operating a ground milling machine that an electrostatic precipitator be used to reduce the dust load, the dust-laden air is supplied for cleaning. Only the cleaned air is blown out after the passage of the electrostatic precipitator, so that the operator of the ground milling machine as well as bystanders are only exposed to a lower dust load. In step B), in particular, the dust-laden air is extracted from the area of the milling drum box, in particular via a suitable suction fan. The dust-laden air is then preferably led out of the interior of the ground milling machine and forwarded to the electrostatic precipitator. In step C), the positive charge of the dust particles is provided in particular. In step D), the purging is particularly preferably carried out by returning the air into the conveying channel of the transport device and not at a separate location on the ground milling machine, which is also possible and included in the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren lässt sich zudem dadurch weiter verbessern, wenn im Schritt B) ein Ansaugen der staubbelastetem Luft aus dem Fräswalzenkasten und/oder einem Förderkanal für Fräsgut erfolgt und/oder wenn im Schritt C) das Aufladen und Abscheiden in einem vom Förderkanal getrennt verlaufenden Strömungsschacht erfolgt. Wesentlich bei diesen bevorzugten Weiterbildungen ist zunächst die gezielte Absaugung der staubbelastetem Luft aus dem Fräswalzenkasten und/oder einem Förderkanal für Fräsgut. Die abgesaugte staubbelastete Luft wird anschließend in einem räumlich getrennten Bereich zur Abscheidung dem Elektrofilter zugeführt. Auf diese Weise wird somit eine eigene Entstaubungsstrecke erhalten, die räumlich getrennt von der Transportstrecke des Fräsguts (Förderkanal) verläuft. Dies ermöglicht einerseits eine besonders effiziente Abscheidung des in der staubbelastetem Luft enthaltenen Staubes. Andererseits kann dadurch ausgeschlossen werden, dass Teile des Elektroabscheiders durch das Fräsgut beschädigt werden.The inventive method can also be further improved if in step B) a suction of the dust-laden air from the Fräswalzenkasten and / or a conveying channel for milled material takes place and / or if in step C) the charging and depositing in a separate from the conveyor channel flow shaft he follows. Essential in these preferred developments is first the targeted extraction of dust-laden air from the Fräswalzenkasten and / or a conveyor channel for milled material. The extracted dust-laden air is then fed to the electrostatic precipitator in a spatially separate area for deposition. In this way, therefore, a separate Entustaubungsstrecke is obtained, which is spatially separated from the transport path of the material to be milled (conveyor channel). On the one hand, this enables a particularly efficient separation of the dust contained in the dust-laden air. On the other hand, it can be ruled out that parts of the electrostatic precipitator are damaged by the milled material.
Optimal ist es, wenn dem Aufladen und Abscheiden von Staubteilchen im Elektroabscheider in Strömungsrichtung der Luft nachgeschaltet ein Passieren eines Wasservorhangs bzw. einer Wasserberieselungseinrichtung erfolgt. Auf diese Weise werden somit zwei Reinigungsstufen in Reihe geschaltet, wodurch eine besonders effiziente Entfernung von Staubpartikeln aus der staubbelasteten Luft erfolgt.It is optimal if the charging and depositing of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction of the air is followed by passing through a water curtain or a water sprinkling device. In this way, two cleaning stages are thus connected in series, whereby a particularly efficient removal of dust particles from the dust-laden air takes place.
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass dem Aufladen und Abscheiden von Staubteilchen im Elektroabscheider in Strömungsrichtung der Luft vorgeschaltet ein Abscheiden insbesondere im Vergleich zu Schwebstaub grobkörniger Partikel mit einer Vorfilterstufe erfolgt, beispielsweise um Beschädigungen am Elektroabscheider vorzubeugen. Hinsichtlich der konkreten Ausgestaltung der Vorfilterstufe wird auf die vorhergehenden Ausführungen Bezug genommen.It can also be provided that upstream of the charging and depositing of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction of the air separation takes place, in particular in comparison to particulates of coarse-grained particles with a pre-filter stage, for example to prevent damage to the electrostatic precipitator. With regard to the specific embodiment of the pre-filter stage, reference is made to the preceding statements.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren angegebenen Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Figur 1:
- eine Seitenansicht auf einen Arbeitszug mit einer Bodenfräsmaschine und einem Transportfahrzeug;
- Figur 2:
- eine Vergrößerung der Bodenfräsmaschine aus
Figur 1 ; - Figur 3:
- eine schematische Ausschnittsdarstellung der Transporteinrichtung sowie des Elektroabscheiders aus
den Figuren 1 und2 ; - Figur 4:
- ein Ablaufdiagramm eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens;
- Figur 5:
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Bodenfräsmaschine in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
- Figur 6:
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Bodenfräsmaschine in einer dritten Ausführungsform; und
- Figur 7:
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Bodenfräsmaschine in einer vierten Ausführungsform.
- FIG. 1:
- a side view of a work train with a ground milling machine and a transport vehicle;
- FIG. 2:
- an enlargement of the ground milling machine
FIG. 1 ; - FIG. 3:
- a schematic sectional view of the transport device and the Elektroabscheiders from the
FIGS. 1 and2 ; - FIG. 4:
- a flow diagram of a method according to the invention;
- FIG. 5:
- a side view of a ground milling machine in a second embodiment;
- FIG. 6:
- a side view of a ground milling machine in a third embodiment; and
- FIG. 7:
- a side view of a ground milling machine in a fourth embodiment.
Gleiche bzw. funktionsgleiche Bauteile sind in den Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet, wobei nicht jedes sich in den Figuren wiederholende Bauteil zwangsläufig in jeder Figur bezeichnet ist.Identical or functionally identical components are identified in the figures with the same reference numerals, wherein not every repeating component in the figures is necessarily designated in each figure.
Der Arbeitszug 1 in
Wesentlicher Bestandteil der Bodenfräsmaschine 2 ist eine Einrichtung zur Staubabsaugung und Abscheidung, wie sie nachstehend näher beschrieben wird. Neben den bereits vorstehend beschriebenen Elementen Elektroabscheider 12 und Pumpeinrichtung 13 in Form eines Sauggebläses umfasst die Einrichtung zur Staubabscheidung ferner einen Ansaugkanal 19, eine Verbindungsleitung 20, eine Aufladestufe 21, eine Abscheidestufe 22, eine Reinigungseinrichtung 23, eine Versorgungsquelle 24 für elektrische Energie sowie einen Auslass 25 des Elektroabscheiders 12. Über den Ansaugkanal erfolgt ein Ansaugen staubbelasteter Luft aus dem Bereich des Fräswalzenkastens 14 sowie insbesondere auch aus dem Bereich des Förderkanals 16. Durch das Sauggebläse 13 erfolgt die Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks in diesem Bereich, sodass die staubbelastete Luft angesaugt wird. Die Saugeinrichtung 13 ist über die Verbindungsleitung 20 mit dem Elektrofilter 12 verbunden. Gelangt die staubbelastete Luft somit über die Verbindungsleitung 20 in den Elektrofilter 12, erfolgt zunächst ein Aufladen der Staubpartikel durch die Aufladestufe 21 und anschließend ein Abscheiden der aufgeladenen Staubpartikel an der Abscheidestufe 22. Die Aufladestufe 21 und die Abscheidestufe 22 sind dazu über geeignete Verbindungsleitungen mit der elektrischen Energiequelle 24, bei der es sich im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel um eine über einen Wandler an das Bordnetz der Bodenfräsmaschine 2 angeschlossene Hochspannungsquelle (HVPS) handelt, verbunden. Die nunmehr gereinigte Luft wird vom Elektroabscheider 12 aus über den Auslass 25 in den Förderkanal 18 ausgeblasen und verlässt somit ebenfalls über die Abwurfstelle 9 die Transporteinrichtung 8.An essential part of the
Der Elektrofilter 12 ist dabei auf dem Verladeförderband 11 angeordnet. Konkret handelt es sich bei dem Verladeförderband 11 um ein faltbares Förderband mit einem Maschinenteil 26 und einem Faltteil 27, die über ein Schwenkgelenk 28 miteinander schwenkbar verbunden sind. Der Elektrofilter sitzt mit anderen Worten auf dem "nicht faltbaren" Anteil des Verladeförderbandes 11.The
In
Mithilfe der Reinigungseinrichtung 23 ist es möglich, innerhalb des Elektroabscheiders 12 abgeschiedenen Staub von der Abscheidestufe 22 abzureinigen. Die Reinigungseinrichtung 23 kann dazu beispielsweise von außerhalb des Elektroabscheiders 12 betätigbar sein, automatisch nach bestimmten Betriebsintervallen ausgelöst werden und/oder in bestimmten Betriebssituationen automatisch ausgelöst werden, beispielsweise bei Inbetriebnahme des Verladeförderbandes 11. Es kann ferner eine geeignete Steuereinheit (
Die Zuführung der über die Pumpeinrichtung 13 angesaugten staubbelasteten Luft (gestrichelte Pfeile B) erfolgt von der Oberseite des Gehäuses 32 über eine entsprechende Zufuhröffnung 36. Alternativ ist beispielsweise auch die Zuführung von der Seite über eine optionale Öffnung 36' möglich. Innerhalb des Elektrofilters 12 erfolgt die elektrostatische Aufladung der Staubpartikel somit über die Aufladeplatten 33, die sich ausreichend beabstandet zum Gehäuse 32 ebenfalls in Längsrichtung des Gehäuses 32 erstrecken. Die elektrostatisch aufgeladenen Staubpartikel werden den Ladungsgegebenheiten entsprechend somit von dem Gehäuse 32 angezogen und scheiden sich somit auf diesem innerhalb des Elektroabscheiders 12. Die aufgereinigte Luft wird aus dem Elektroabscheider 12 über die Auslassöffnung 37 in den Förderkanal 18 oberhalb des Verladeförderbandes 11 ausgeblasen. Alternativ ist beispielsweise auch ein Ausblasen der aufgereinigten Luft über andere Passagen, beispielsweise über eine Auslassöffnung 37' zur Außenumgebung hin möglich.The supply of sucked on the
Im Gehäuse 32 des Elektroabscheiders 12 sind ferner Wartungsklappen 38 an den Längsseiten angebracht. Die Wartungsklappen 38 können geöffnet werden, sodass ein Zugriff von außen in den Innenbereich des Elektroabscheiders 12 möglich ist. Dies kann beispielsweise zu Wartungs- und/oder Reinigungszwecken gewünscht sein. Um zu verhindern, dass ein Zugriff von außen in den Innenbereich des Elektroabscheiders 12 im laufenden Betrieb des Elektroabscheiders 12 erfolgt, ist ferner ein Schließzustandsensor 39 vorhanden, der über eine Verbindungsleitung 40 mit einer entsprechenden Steuerungseinheit verbunden ist. Die Steuerungseinheit (in den Figuren nicht dargestellt) ist derart ausgebildet, dass sie den Betrieb des Elektroabscheiders 12 bzw. dessen Versorgung mit elektrischer Energie zwangsweise unterbricht, wenn der Schließzustandsensor 39 signalisiert, dass die Wartungsklappen 38 geöffnet sind. Mit anderen Worten ist ein Betrieb des Elektroabscheiders 12 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel nur dann möglich, wenn die Wartungsklappen 38 geschlossen sind.In the
In
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren liefert insbesondere dann besonders gute Reinigungsergebnisse, wenn das Aufladen und Abscheiden der Staubpartikel in der Luft in einem zum Förderkanal des Fräsguts getrennten Raumkompartiment erfolgt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst dann somit auch einen Schritt, in dem die staubbelastete Luft von dem Fräsgut getrennt, beispielsweise abgesaugt, wird.The method according to the invention provides particularly good cleaning results, in particular, when the charging and depositing of the dust particles in the air takes place in a space compartment separate from the conveying channel of the material to be milled. The method according to the invention thus also includes a step in which the dust-laden air is separated, for example sucked, away from the milled material.
Weiter lässt sich das Reinigungsergebnis des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens dadurch steigern, wenn der Abscheidung von Staubpartikeln mithilfe des Elektroabscheiders gemäß den Schritten 42 bis 45 noch eine zusätzliche Reinigungsstufe 46 nachgelagert ist, in der die Luft beispielweise einen Wasservorhang, insbesondere einer entsprechenden Berieselungseinrichtung, wie vorstehend beschrieben, passiert. Insbesondere besonders kleine, elektrostatisch aufgeladene Staubpartikel, die den Elektroabscheider 12 in unerwünschter Weise passiert haben, werden auf diese Weise zu einem Großteil noch abgefangen.Furthermore, the cleaning result of the method according to the invention can be increased if the separation of dust particles by means of the electrostatic precipitator according to the
Ergänzend oder alternativ ist es auch möglich, dass vor den Abscheideschritten 42 bis 45 eine Vorreinigung der staubbelasteten Luft gemäß Schritt 49 erfolgt, beispielsweise durch einen Zyklonfilter und/oder ein Filtergitter und/oder eine Labyrinthfilterstufe. Dadurch kann verhindert werden, dass mit der staubbelasteten Luft grobkörnige Partikel angesaugt werden und in den Elektroabscheider 12 gelangen.Additionally or alternatively, it is also possible that prior to the separation steps 42 to 45, a pre-cleaning of the dust-laden air according to step 49, for example by a cyclone filter and / or a filter grid and / or a labyrinth filter stage. As a result, coarse-grained particles can be sucked in with the dust-laden air and reach the
Die
Wesentlich beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Ein weiteres alternatives Ausführungsbeispiel ist in
Optional ist ferner ein Sammelbehälter 54 unterhalb des Elektroabscheiders 12 vorgesehen. Dieser kann zur Reinigung des Elektroabscheiders 12 genutzt werden. Abgeklopfte, auf dem Elektroabscheider 12 abgeschiedene Stäube können während der Reinigung durch eine nicht näher bezeichnete Verbindungsöffnung zwischen dem Elektroabscheider 12 und dem Sammelbehälter 54 in diesen herabfallen. Durch Herausnahme des Sammelbehälters 54 aus dem Inneren der Maschine können die abgeschiedenen Stäube dann separat entsorgt werden. Der Sammelbehälter kann dazu entweder permanent in die Maschine 1 eingesetzt sein oder speziell bei Reinigungsarbeiten am Elektroabscheider 12 eingesetzt werden.Optionally, a
Im Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Beide Elektroabscheider 12 werden in
Claims (16)
- A ground milling machine (2), in particular road milling machine, for removing ground material, comprising- a machine frame (46) having a chassis,- a milling drum (15) mounted on the machine frame (46), and- a transport device (8) having at least one conveyor belt, which is configured for transporting removed ground material in a conveying direction away from the milling drum (15) to a discharge point (9),characterized in that
it comprises an electrostatic precipitator (12), by means of which dust generated during the milling operation and/or during the transport of milled material can be precipitated,
it comprises a pump device (13), by means of which dust-laden air can be conveyed, the pump device (13) being configured such that it feeds dust-laden air to the electrostatic precipitator (12),
a flow duct (47) is provided, through which the dust-laden air is routed using the pump device (13),
the electrostatic precipitator (12) is arranged with at least one charging stage (21) and at least one precipitation stage (22) within the flow duct (47),
the precipitation stage (22) is a housing (32) of the electrostatic precipitator (12). - The ground milling machine (2) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the electrostatic precipitator (12) is arranged at the transport device (8), in particular at a suspension conveyor belt (11). - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the transport device (8) comprises a transfer conveyor belt (10) and, downstream thereof in the conveying direction, a loading conveyor belt (11), and in that the loading conveyor belt (11) comprises a machine part (26) and a foldable part (27), the foldable part (27) being foldable to the machine part (26), and the electrostatic precipitator (12) being arranged at the machine part (26). - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
it comprises a machine body, the electrostatic precipitator (12) being arranged inside the machine body. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
it comprises at least one transfer conveyor belt, onto which milled material conveyed out of the milling drum box is directly transferred and via which the milled material is transported out of the interior the machine, a duct being provided for receiving the transfer conveyor belt, and the electrostatic precipitator being at least partially arranged inside this duct. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the pump device (13) is a suction device. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the pump device comprises a suction device, by means of which the dust-laden air is suctioned from the milled material and the direct vicinity thereof, the suction device being in particular configured such that the suction direction at least partially runs against the conveying direction of the milled material on the side of the inlet toward the suction device. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the flow duct (47) in particular comprises at least one of the following features:- the flow duct (47) is at least partially spatially separated from a conveyance channel (16, 18) at least partially surrounding the conveyor belt (10, 11), and/or- the flow duct is at least partially integrated in a conveyance channel (16, 18) surrounding the conveyor belt, and/or- the outlet side of the flow duct (47) ends into the conveyance channel (18) above the conveyor belt (11), and/or- the flow duct is followed by a connection line, through which the air exiting the flow duct is routed to the conveyance channel (18) and/or to the external surroundings, and/or- the flow duct (47) is arranged on the conveyance channel (18) or inside a machine body. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the charging stage (21) is an anode (34) and the precipitation stage (22) is a cathode (35). - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
the precipitation stage (22) comprises at least one of the following features:- it is a housing (32) of the electrostatic precipitator (12), which is particularly formed as a flow duct (47);- it comprises precipitation elements, which extend longitudinally in the main flow direction;- it comprises a precipitation element running at least partially at an angle to the main flow direction;- it comprises a precipitation element in the form of a plate or grate;and/or the charging stage (21) comprises at least one of the following features:- it is a wire, a meshed wire or a plate-like structure;- it extends in the longitudinal direction of the precipitation stage (22), in particular along the flow duct (47);- it extends in the flow direction of the dust-laden air;- it comprises at least one sub-region extending essentially transversely to the flow direction of the dust-laden air. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
a cleaning device (23), in particular a switch-off, pole reversal, nozzle, vibration and/or shaking device is provided, by means of which material adhering to the electrostatic precipitator (12) can be removed therefrom, the cleaning device (23) particularly comprising a discharge opening or discharge flap, through which material cleaned off by the precipitator stage can be removed from the electrostatic precipitator (12), in particular onto the conveyor belt (11), the discharge opening or flap very particularly being configured such that it creates an, in particular vertical and/or direct, passage connection between the electrostatic precipitator and a free space located directly above the conveyor belt (11). - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
at least one maintenance flap (38) is provided in a housing (32) of the electrostatic precipitator (12), through which access to an internal space of the electrostatic precipitator (12) is possible. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the electrostatic precipitator (12) comprises at least one of the following features:- it is formed as a module, including at least one connection device for connecting an, in particular machine-sided, electric energy supply device;- it comprises a detachable holding device for fastening to the ground milling machine, in particular comprising at least one of the features rail guidance and/or form-fit and/or clamping fixation device. - The ground milling machine (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
it comprises at least one of the following features:- the electrostatic precipitator (12) comprises a closing state sensor (39), via which the closing state of a maintenance flap (38) can be monitored;- the electrostatic precipitator (12) is connected to the power grid of the ground milling machine (2) for being supplied with electric energy, in particular using an interconnected converter;- a water sprinkling device (29) is provided, in particular with respect to the flow direction of the air moved by the pump device (13) in the area behind the electrostatic precipitator (12), very particularly in the area of the loading conveyor belt (11);- a pre-filtering stage for precipitation of particularly coarse particles is provided, which is connected upstream the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction, wherein the pre-filtering stage particularly is a cyclone separator and/or a grate and/or a labyrinth filter stage;- a post-filtering stage for precipitation of in particular particulate matter is provided, which is connected downstream the electrostatic precipitator in the flow direction, the post-filter stage in particular being another electric filter. - A method for operating a ground milling machine (2), in particular according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising the steps:a) performing (42) a milling process;b) routing (43) of dust-laden air to an electrostatic precipitator (12);c) charging and precipitating (44) of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator (12);d) blowing out (45) the cleaned air.
- The method according to claim 15,
characterized in that
it comprises at least one of the following method steps:- in step b), sucking the dust-laden air out of the milling drum box (14) and/or a conveyance channel (16, 18) for milled material is effected, and/or- in step c), the charging and precipitation is performed in a flow duct (47) of the electrostatic precipitator (12) running separately from the conveyance channel (16, 18), and/or- passage (46) through a water muffler is effected downstream the charging and precipitation of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator (12) in the air flow direction, and/or- a precipitation of coarse particles with a pre-filter stage is effected upstream the charging and precipitation of dust particles in the electrostatic precipitator (12) in the air flow direction.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016003895.0A DE102016003895A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Ground milling machine, in particular road milling machine, for removing soil material and method for operating a ground milling machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3225738A1 EP3225738A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
EP3225738B1 true EP3225738B1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
Family
ID=58412833
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17000478.2A Active EP3225738B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-03-22 | Ground milling machine, in particular road milling machine, for removing soil material and method for operating a ground milling machine |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10301782B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3225738B1 (en) |
CN (2) | CN111945535B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016003895A1 (en) |
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DE102020005666A1 (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-17 | Bomag Gmbh | FLOOR TILLER WITH DUST EXTRACTOR AND SERVICE TUNNEL AND PROCEDURES |
EP4296430A1 (en) | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-27 | BOMAG GmbH | Soil milling machine and method for operating a dust extraction device of a soil milling machine |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3225738A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
US20190257042A1 (en) | 2019-08-22 |
DE102016003895A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
US10731304B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
CN111945535A (en) | 2020-11-17 |
US10301782B2 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
US20170284038A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
CN111945535B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
CN107268406A (en) | 2017-10-20 |
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