Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
  • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
  • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
  • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
  • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
  • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
  • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
  • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
  • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
  • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
  • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
  • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
  • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
  • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
  • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
  • H01Q5/342—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes
  • H01Q5/357—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way for different propagation modes using a single feed point
  • H01Q5/364—Creating multiple current paths
  • H01Q5/371—Branching current paths
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
  • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
  • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
  • H01Q5/392—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements the parasitic elements having dual-band or multi-band characteristics

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of antennas for transmitting radio signals and more particularly to monopole antennas with a radiating element of the meandering type.
• Antennas are essential elements of radio devices. A large number of antenna types exist and the characteristics of each of these types consequently influence the performance in terms of quality and range of a transmission.
• the meander antenna is derived from a quarter-wave monopole.
• the idea implemented with the meander antenna is to fold the original monopoly into several meanders of equal lengths. The size reduction is obtained by adjusting the number of meanders and the difference between each of them.
• Such a meander antenna can be easily printed on a dielectric substrate. With such a structure, the shortest strands participate predominantly in radiation because the surface currents are in phase. Conversely, in the longest strands, the surface currents are in phase opposition. Meandering antennas are often defined by the ratio of their axial lengths, which creates the clutter and the equivalent length of the unfolded meander.
• the resonance frequency of a meander antenna is less than that of the unfolded meander, in particular because of the coupling that exists between the meanders and bends created by the folding of the strands. It is estimated the performance in terms of reduction of such an antenna, the ratio I of its axial length and the length L an unfolded strand resonating at the same frequency. It is furthermore noted that the reduction factor increases with the number of meanders, but also as a function of the meander spacing and the section of the strand.
• This meander antenna structure does not achieve an optimal level of reduction of its dimensions.
• the invention makes it possible to improve the state of the art by proposing an antenna device comprising an electrical mass connection and a monopole meander-type radiating element, the radiating element being disposed on a first face of a plane dielectric support. on both sides, the antenna device further comprising, on a second face of the dielectric support, at least one floating plane conducting element disposed parallel to the radiating element, the non-radiating floating plane conducting element being isolated from the electrical ground.
• the non-radiating floating plane conductive element is of a size substantially identical to that of the radiating element without, however, taking up the same pattern. This means that the maximum (overall) dimensions of the radiating element and the non-radiating floating plane element are substantially similar but that the floating plane element is designed to act on the overall permittivity of the antenna and does not is not intended to be a radiating element. In other words, the floating plane element is not configured to radiate.
• the shape of the non-radiating floating plane conductive element is mechanically adjustable to modify characteristics of the antenna device.
• the non-radiating floating plane conductive element comprises a liquid metal inserted in a closed container, which makes it possible to modify its shape by modifying the shape of the container, for example.
• the liquid metal is galinstan or mercury.
• the non-radiating floating plane conductive element is of rectangular or square shape.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a monopole meander antenna device according to the prior art.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a monopole meander antenna device according to a particular and non-limiting embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 represents a comparative diagram of characteristics of a monopole meander antenna device according to a particular and nonlimiting embodiment of the invention with a meander antenna device according to the prior art.
• modules shown are functional units, which may or may not correspond to physically distinguishable units.
• these modules or some of them are grouped into a single component, or consist of the functionality of the same software.
• some modules are composed of separate physical entities.
• FIG. 1 illustrates an ANT monopole meander antenna device according to the prior art.
• the radiating element RE1 of the ANT antenna, monopole in the shape of a meander is printed on one face of a part D cut in a dielectric substrate of the FR4 type.
• An incident signal is transmitted to the antenna ANT from a remote generator device via an antenna connection CON.
• the antenna connection CON is connected to the radiator element RE1 of the antenna ANT as well as to a ground plane GND.
• the ground plane GND of the antenna ANT is connected to the ground of the remote device distributing the incident signal to be transmitted via the antenna device ANT.
• the dielectric substrate D is plane and comprises two faces S1 and S2.
• the radiating element RE1 is printed on the face S1 of the substrate D.
• FIG. 2 illustrates a monopole meander antenna device ANT according to a particular and nonlimiting embodiment of the invention.
• a dielectric substrate D, plane or substantially plane is used and a radiating element RE1 is printed on a face S1 of the substrate D, as for the antenna shown in Figure 1, and known to the man of the job.
• a floating conductive plane (not connected to the ground) FP1 is positioned on a face S2 of the dielectric substrate D, opposite to the face S1.
• the dielectric substrate D consists of a type of material FR4, well known to those skilled in the art and conventionally used for the manufacture of printed circuits, and the floating conductive plane FP1 is printed (or screen printed) on the dielectric substrate D, on the face opposite to that which includes the radiating element RE1.
• the dielectric substrate D consists of one or more materials having dielectric properties that are compatible with and useful for the use of a physical support element radiating from an antenna.
• the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1 is of a size substantially identical to the dimensions (width and length) of all the meanders constituting the radiator element RE1 of the antenna ANT, and disposed on the face opposite to that carrying the radiating element RE1, "facing" it.
• This plane does not have a shape similar to the radiating element RE1, so that it does not operate as a radiating element induced by currents coming from the electromagnetic field emitted by RE1.
• non-radiating driver plane a conductive plane not being deliberately configured to radiate since its possible radiation (even accidental) is not a desired effect.
• the use of this term and the absence of a search for a radiating effect of the FP1 plane does not exclude a very small amplitude radiation resulting from induced currents coming from RE1 and of a much lower amplitude than the desired radiation. of the radiating element RE1.
• the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1 is seen by transparency through the substrate (support) D, in order to simplify the illustration of the antenna ANT produced on the two-faced substrate D and bearing the meander radiating element RE1 on a face S1 and non-radiating floating conductor plane on a face S2 opposite the face S1.
• the presence of the non-radiating floating conductor element FP1 which is not connected to the ground of the antenna ANT, does not act as a shield but creates a significant increase in the permittivity of the dielectric substrate D "seen" by the radiating element RE1.
• the permittivity effective is increased by a factor substantially equal to or greater than two.
• the initial antenna structure is transformed and the behavior of the antenna is modified so that the antenna behaves like a micro-ribbon antenna, more than a dielectric antenna in the air.
• the overall effective permittivity EPS g of the antenna ANT seen from the radiating element RE1 is a function of the permittivity EPS S of the materials constituting the dielectric substrate "support", the thickness e of this substrate, and that the presence of a w element (for example FP1), conductive but not deliberately radiating, positioned “facing" the radiating element RE1, on the face of the substrate opposite that carrying the radiating element RE1.
• a w element for example FP1
• the electrical length of the antenna ANT is inverse function of the square root of the effective permittivity "seen by" the radiating element RE1.
• the presence of the FP1 non-radiating floating conductor plane makes it possible to reduce the dimensions of the ANT meander monopole antenna to achieve transmission quality and range performances equal to those which would be obtained in the absence of the non-conducting plane. radiating FP1 floating.
• the overall dimensions of the meander antenna ANT can thus be reduced without this being detrimental to the quality of the transmission of a radio signal representative of the incident signal transmitted by conduction to the radiating element RE1, or to the range of this radio signal.
• the dielectric substrate D is made of materials such that it can be flexible and that the antenna ANT can be used positioned on a flexible support, such as, for example, a textile support.
• a flexible support such as, for example, a textile support.
• the reduced size of the meander antenna ANT due to the presence of the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1, makes it possible, at equal performance, to use the antenna on a textile support.
• Many applications are then possible, such as the integration of a similar antenna to the ANT antenna in a garment (or a life jacket, for example).
• the structure of a meander antenna is interesting insofar as such an antenna has a multiband antenna characteristic.
• the addition of the non-radiating floating conductor FP1 makes it possible to obtain, for an identical radiating element RE1, a greater number of resonant frequencies of the antenna ANT.
• the floating conductive plane FP1 is associated (or fixed) with an adhesive element (adhesive or self-adhesive surface, for example), and can thus be easily positioned on the dielectric substrate D.
• the adjustment of the dimensions of the FP1 floating non-radiating conductive plane is achieved mechanically by sliding (and thus positioning) a plurality of non-radiating conductive planes, relative to each other, which has the effect of varying both the shape and dimensions of the overall non-radiating floating conductor thus produced.
• a liquid metal conditioning technique is used in a container that can be modified in shape and in surface area to vary the shape and the position of the non-radiating FP1 floating conductor plane and thus to reconfigure the characteristics. of the ANT antenna (position of resonance frequencies in the frequency band).
• FIG. 3 represents a comparative diagram of characteristics of the monopole meander antenna device ANT according to a particular and nonlimiting embodiment of the invention with comparable characteristics of a meander antenna device ANT according to the prior art.
• the curve C1 represents the reflection coefficient as a function of the frequency of a monopole meander antenna ANT devoid of the FP1 non-radiating floating conductor plane on the face S2 of the substrate D.
• the curve C2 represents the reflection coefficient as a function of the frequency d a similar monopole ANT meander antenna equipped with a floating conducting plane FP1 on the opposite side S2 to that (S1) bearing the radiating element RE1.
• An increase in the multi-frequency capacitance of the antenna ANT is distinctly observed because of the presence of the FP1 non-radiating floating conducting plane not connected to the ground GND of the antenna ANT.
• the reflection coefficient is expressed in dB (decibel) and the frequency is expressed in GHz (gigahertz).
• the antenna device ANT comprises a GND electrical ground connection and a monomolar meander-type radiating element RE1 disposed on the first face S1 of the two-sided plane dielectric support D S1 and S2, the antenna ANT further comprises, on the second face S2 of the dielectric support D, at least the non-radiating floating plane conducting element FP1 disposed parallel to the radiating element RE1, the non-radiating floating plane conducting element FP1 being isolated from the GND electrical ground connection of the antenna ANT.
• one or more capacitors CAP are positioned and connected between the meander radiator RE1 and the non-radiating floating conductor FP1.
• capacitors CAP CAP1, CAP2, ... CAPn
• these can be positioned on the face S2 of the substrate D, around the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1 and the connections with the element radiating RE1 on the opposite face S1 are made by means of electrical connections (V1, V2, .... Vn) types via (metallized holes passing through the substrate D).
• one or more varicap diodes D V CAP are positioned between the meander radiating element RE1 and the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1.
• one or more PCAP programmable capacitors are positioned between the meander radiating element RE1 and the non-radiating floating conductor plane FP1.
• the invention does not concern only the embodiment described above but also relates to any monopole meander antenna made on a rigid or flexible two-sided support and comprising a non-radiating floating conductor plane, isolated from the ground, on the opposite face on the face carrying a radiating element meander.
• the substrate may be made of a teflon glass type material and the non-deliberately radiating floating conductive plane may be a liquid metal such as galinstan or mercury.

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• 2014
  • 2014-11-12 FR FR1402543A patent/FR3028355B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-10-29 US US15/526,246 patent/US20180145417A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2015-10-29 EP EP15797135.9A patent/EP3218961A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-10-29 WO PCT/FR2015/052915 patent/WO2016075387A1/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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