Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
  • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
  • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
  • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
  • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
  • B26D1/26—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut
  • B26D1/28—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting
  • B26D1/29—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting with cutting member mounted in the plane of a rotating disc, e.g. for slicing beans
  • B26D1/295—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting with cutting member mounted in the plane of a rotating disc, e.g. for slicing beans for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/10—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
  • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
  • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
  • B26D1/02—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a stationary cutting member
  • B26D1/03—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a stationary cutting member with a plurality of cutting members
  • B26D1/035—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a stationary cutting member with a plurality of cutting members for thin material, e.g. for sheets, strips or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
  • F04D23/00—Other rotary non-positive-displacement pumps
  • F04D23/001—Pumps adapted for conveying materials or for handling specific elastic fluids
  • F04D23/003—Pumps adapted for conveying materials or for handling specific elastic fluids of radial-flow type
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
  • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
  • B26D2007/0012—Details, accessories or auxiliary or special operations not otherwise provided for
  • B26D2007/0068—Trimming and removing web edges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
  • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
  • B26D7/18—Means for removing cut-out material or waste
  • B26D7/1845—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means
  • B26D7/1863—Means for removing cut-out material or waste by non mechanical means by suction
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
  • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
  • B29B17/0026—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics by agglomeration or compacting
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
  • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
  • B65G51/00—Conveying articles through pipes or tubes by fluid flow or pressure; Conveying articles over a flat surface, e.g. the base of a trough, by jets located in the surface
  • B65G51/02—Directly conveying the articles, e.g. slips, sheets, stockings, containers or workpieces, by flowing gases

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and plant (1) for the treatment of trimmings (R) from sheet material, comprising a pipe (2) of transporting air defined by perimetric walls (21), in which rotating paddles (3) are assembled, destined for generating a flow of air for transporting said trimmings (R) in the pipe (2), wherein the plant comprises:
• the present invention relates to the general field of plants and methods for the treatment of trimmings cut from sheet material, in particularly, but not exclusively, extremely thin sheets with thicknesses ⁇ 10 microns made of plastic, thermoplastic materials used in numerous industries including the textile sector, therefore also comprising, among the materials that can be treated with the invention object of the present description, woven or non-woven fabrics.
• sheet material refers to all materials deriving from end-products having two dimensions much larger than the third, such as, for example, sheets, foils, plates, pieces of fabric and the like.
• Said trimmings generally consist of pieces of material that prevalently extend in a longitudinal direction, thus appearing in the form of extremely long, but thin and narrow, strips.
• trimmings may or may not be wound onto spools/bobbins, depending on the processing.
• the objective of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks and limits of the known art, in particular to provide a plant and method for the treatment of trimmings from sheet material, which is simple to install, inexpensive, not bulky, with low energy consumptions and not subject to jamming (therefore extremely reliable) .
• a first object of the present invention relates to a plant according to the enclosed claim 1.
• a second object of the invention is a method for the treatment of trimmings cut from sheet material according to the relative enclosed independent claim.
• the general idea at the basis of the invention is to effect a shredding of the trimmings by shearing, close to the paddles of the fan, so that there is no risk of the trimmings becoming twisted around them or around the shaft of the fan.
• the shredding avoids jamming the paddles of the fan or, if the transporting air source is different from a fan, it avoids hindering the chopping operation.
• the same downstream of the shredding operation of the trimmings, the same can be compacted into blocks having the dimensions of a tile, for example by melting (also partially) the same, when they are made of plastic material, preferably a suitable thermoplastic material .
• Figure 1 illustrates a view from above of a simplified example of a plant according to the invention
• Figure 2 illustrates a side view of a simplified example of a plant according to the invention
• Figure 3 illustrates a front view of part of the plant of the previous figures
• Figure 4 illustrates a partially sectional view from above of the part of the plant of the previous figure
• Figures 5 and 6 are details shown from the front and from above respectively, of the part of the plant of figures 3 and 4 ;
• Figure 7 illustrates a side view of a blade of the plant of the previous figures
• Figure 8 illustrates a section of a tile of trimmings treated with the plant of the previous figures and subsequently compacted.
• the idea at the basis of the invention is to provide a plant for the treatment of trimmings from sheet material, comprising a pipe of transporting air defined by perimetric walls, a source of transporting air for generating a flow of transporting air in the pipe for transporting said trimmings in the pipe, wherein: a first rotating blade, a second fixed blade and a third blade which, depending on the application, can be rotating or fixed, are envisaged and active inside the pipe.
• the rotating blades rotate around a rotation axis, preferably the same barycentric axis as the pipe in which they are assembled, and are engaged between the fixed blades, to effect an actual shearing, which chops the trimmings, transported to the cutting area by means of the transporting air flow, with an actual shearing operation.
• the transporting air sources can be of various types: paddle fans, turbines, systems that exploit compressed air (for example, by means of the Venturi effect or the like) ; a preferred solution in which the source is a fan is described hereunder.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show a preferred example of a plant 1 for the treatment of trimmings (R) from sheet material.
• the plant 1 comprises at least one transporting air pipe 2 defined by perimetric walls 21, in which rotating paddles 3 are assembled, destined for generating a flow of air.
• trimmings R from a spool, which are typically in the form of elongated filaments.
• the flow of transporting air generated by the paddles 3 entrains the trimmings R into the pipe 2, conveying them.
• the paddles 3 are motorized, for example by means of an electric motor M (figure 4) or the like, and in the example, are part of a common rotor of a centrifugal machine, in particular a suction and pressing fan; alternatively, the fan can also be of the pressing type alone or of the suction type alone.
• the dimensions, type and conformation of the paddles 3 are within the reach of the detailed design of a skilled person in the field, when the operative functioning parameters are known.
• the pipe 2 can be ideally divided into various sections as illustrated hereunder:
• a feeding pipe 2a positioned upstream of the paddles 3 in the advance direction of the air flow
• All the pipes 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d are in fluid (or flow) communication with each other and if the paddles 3 are those of a fan, the pipe 2b corresponds to that of the casing of the fan itself and is at least partly defined by the walls of the fan casing, as illustrated in the example of the figures.
• the plant has a total of at least three blades: in the example, there is a first blade 41 rotatingly integral with the paddles 3 and two blades 42 and 43, fixed with respect to the pipe 2; more generically, the fixed blades are integral with a wall of the plant which is fixed with respect to the paddles; for example integral with a wall of the fan casing.
• the rotating blade 41 (or rotating blades if there are more than one) , can be motorized with a specific motor, or, as in the case of the example, it can be advantageously positioned on the paddles 3, so as to be rotated by the same motor that activates the paddles themselves.
• Both the rotating blade 41 and the fixed blades 42 and 43 are situated inside the pipe 2, in a passage
• the actuating motor M of the paddles is housed in the pipe 2, as in the example illustrated, it is preferably positioned downstream (again in the advance direction of the air flow) of the blades 41, 42, so that the transmission shaft AT of the motor M (connected to the hub of the paddles 3) is positioned in an area that the trimmings R can only reach after having been chopped by shearing on the part of the blades 41, 42 and 43 themselves.
• the rotating blade 41 and the fixed blades 42 and 43 are reciprocally engaged with each other in order to shred the trimmings R by means of a shearing action.
• the rotating blade 41 is advantageously positioned on the paddles 3 or, as in the example, at the hub from which the paddles themselves 3 branch out.
• a rotating blade 41 is shown, but two or three or more can also be envisaged.
• the second fixed blade 43 is adjacent to the first blade 42 and spaced from the latter; the distance between the two fixed blades 42 and 43 is slightly greater than the thickness of the rotating blade 41, so that, during the rotation of the rotating blade 41, the latter passes between the fixed blades 42 and 43 and guarantees an optimum shearing of the trimmings R.
• the trimmings R are also cut if they reach the blades 41, 42 and 43 in areas far from the shearing area (that can be considered as coinciding with the position of the fixed blades 42, 43) : as the trimmings are flexible, in fact, they are first engaged and then entrained by the rotating blade 41 towards the fixed blades 42 and 43 and thereby cut.
• the shearing operation in conjunction with the rotation of the paddles, absolutely prevents the trimmings R from becoming intertwined and forming cords that could block the plant as, in any case, the principle ensures that intertwined trimmings are cut into a length that cannot create problems for the functioning of the plant.
• a further advantage is of particular importance and occurs when the rotating blade 41 is integral with the paddles 3 (as in the example): in this case, in fact,
• the blades 41, 42, 43 - at least one, preferably all - have at least a serrated cutting edge 45, as in figure 7.
• This figure shows, for clarity, a fixed blade 42, which has two opposite serrated cutting edges; the rotating blade 41 is produced analogously, with one or two serrated edges and is not shown for the sake of brevity.
• serrated blades do not easily lose their sharpness as in the case of straight blades
• the fact that at least the rotating blade is serrated ensures that it is able to entrain the trimmings R more accurately and safely (grip of the serrated teeth) towards the shearing area (where it encounters the fixed blades 42, 43 which act in an opposite direction) ; in the case of non-serrated blades and trimmings R made of a particularly smooth material, the gripping and entrainment (grip) effect may in fact be partially lost, with the result that the pieces of cut trimmings may have a greater length.
• a component 46 engaged with the hub AT and easily interchangeable, can be used for coupling the rotating blade 41 with the rotating paddles 3.
• the chamber 10 is situated downstream of the discharge pipe 2d; it is reached by the chopped trimmings R, which are sent there by the transporting air generated by the paddles 3.
• the walls of the chamber 10 that are heated and, in turn, heat the chopped trimmings housed in the chamber 10.
• the heating temperature reaches levels close to the melting point or at least a softening temperature of the material of the trimmings R or, more generally, a temperature at which the chopped trimmings R thicken together, reducing the overall volume.
• the trimmings R present in the chamber 10 begin a gradual melting process forming a single mass and, after being suitably pressed, at the outlet of the chamber 10, at room temperature, they resolidify to be evacuated in the form of semisolid tiles and subsequently transported and moved in an extremely simple and rapid way.
• the tiles MR of trimmings R treated in the chamber 10 have an outer shell G of solidified material and an internal core N in which the trimmings are not solidified .
• the heating of the outer surfaces alone of the tile-shaped blocks allows a reduction in the residence time in the chamber 10 or, equivalently, the energy necessary for obtaining the minimum heat in the chamber 10 for reaching the desired softening state.
• the trimmings R reach the chamber 10 which has an inlet mouth and an outlet mouth which are always open and heated perimetric walls which connect the open mouths, and the trimmings pass continuously through the chamber, solidifying the outer shell G, so that they leave the chamber 10 as a continuous semisolid that can be subsequently cut into parts.
• the chamber 10 has a re- closable outlet mouth: when the outlet mouth is closed,
• the chopped trimmings R are introduced into the chamber 10 through the open inlet mouth; the inlet mouth is closed and the trimmings are optionally pressed (for example by means of a piston or similar device) ; the chamber 10 is heated to cause the adhesion of the trimmings R, which form the shell G described above; the outlet mouth of the chamber 10 is then opened and the. tile MR of trimmings (having pre-established dimensions) is expelled, for example by gravity or by means of the same piston.
• this comprises the step of sending at least one trimming R by means of a flow of air, towards a shearing area of the same; said shearing is effected with the use of at least three blades: at least one rotating blade and one fixed blade or two rotating blades and one fixed blade.
• the method also advantageously comprises the step of shearing the trimmings, the step of hot compacting the chopped trimmings into tiles (if envisaged) .
• the latter step comprises the following phases:

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=51904040

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2015
  • 2015-09-15 EP EP15790249.5A patent/EP3215323A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2015-09-15 WO PCT/IB2015/001616 patent/WO2016042381A1/en active Application Filing

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events