EP3211643A1 - Composant electrique resistive et arrangement electrique - Google Patents
Composant electrique resistive et arrangement electrique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3211643A1 EP3211643A1 EP17155106.2A EP17155106A EP3211643A1 EP 3211643 A1 EP3211643 A1 EP 3211643A1 EP 17155106 A EP17155106 A EP 17155106A EP 3211643 A1 EP3211643 A1 EP 3211643A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connection
- electrical
- contact
- resistance component
- ntc
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- HUWSZNZAROKDRZ-RRLWZMAJSA-N (3r,4r)-3-azaniumyl-5-[[(2s,3r)-1-[(2s)-2,3-dicarboxypyrrolidin-1-yl]-3-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-5-oxo-4-sulfanylpentane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC[C@@H](N)[C@@H](S)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@H](C)CC)C(=O)N1CCC(C(O)=O)[C@H]1C(O)=O HUWSZNZAROKDRZ-RRLWZMAJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/14—Terminals or tapping points or electrodes specially adapted for resistors; Arrangements of terminals or tapping points or electrodes on resistors
- H01C1/1413—Terminals or electrodes formed on resistive elements having negative temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical resistance component and an electrical assembly containing the electrical resistance component and / or system according to the preambles of the independent claims.
- resistors with negative temperature coefficients are used.
- Such resistors are also called NTC resistors (Negative Temperature Coefficient Thermistors) or thermistor. They have the characteristic that they have a high resistance in the cold state, for example, when no current or only a small current flows. As soon as the current flowing through the NTC resistor is increased, the resistance drops to a much smaller value due to the concomitant increase in the temperature of the resistor. Used as a current limiter during the startup of electric motors, these can reduce the initial current peak arising when the electric motor is switched on, due to the initially high resistance value.
- the NTC resistor heats up quickly.
- the subsequent temperature-dependent adjustment of the resistance to a much smaller value results in that the power of the motor is not significantly reduced. Likewise, no unnecessary power loss is generated in the current limiter itself.
- resistance materials for thermistors for example, pure semiconductor materials, some compound semiconductors or various metallic alloys are used. Use find, for example, sintered or pressed metal oxides of copper, nickel, iron, titanium, manganese or Cobalt.
- the NTC resistors in the form of electrical components have connection pins or wires, which are each contacted with the resistance material. The terminal pins or wires are then soldered, for example, within a circuit substrate. Bonding materials having a high electrical conductivity are generally used for the construction and connection technology, in order to keep unwanted supply resistance low. At the same time, such connecting materials have good thermal conductivity.
- Typical solders such as Pb37.5-Sn37.5-In25 or In97-3Ag, have an electrical resistivity of 2.2 * 10 -5 ⁇ cm or of 2.5 * 10 -6 ⁇ cm and a good thermal conductivity of 25W / mK and 73 W / mK, respectively.
- the invention is based on the object to propose an NTC resistor, which shows a very high heating behavior, whereby the resistance value is quickly reduced from a high initial value to a low value. At the same time a good electrical connection should be ensured in order to keep the supply line resistance at high currents - for example, during operation of an electric motor - low.
- the invention is based on the idea of achieving a high heating behavior of a thermistor by thermally insulating the NTC resistance material as far as possible from its nearest environment. In this way, a low thermal mass is to be achieved, which is essentially limited to the mass of the NTC resistor material.
- the invention is therefore based on an electrical resistance component with at least one connection contact.
- the resistance component comprises an NTC resistance material, which is contacted by the at least one connection contact via an electrically conductive connection material.
- the electrically conductive bonding material has a thermal conductivity of ⁇ 20W / mK, in particular 1-10 W / m K.
- the heat is mainly absorbed by the thermally-isolated low mass of the NTC resistor material. Since the heat can no longer be dissipated via the next environment adjacent to the NTC resistance material, in particular the terminal contact, the NTC resistance material reaches high temperature values in a much shorter time. Because of the thermistor behavior, therefore, there are advantageously already low resistance values after a much shorter time. This ensures that high starting currents, for example when switching on electric motors or transformers, can be effectively reduced. At the same time, however, power losses are minimized due to the very fast setting of small resistance values.
- connection material has an electrical resistivity of ⁇ 1 * 10 -3 ⁇ cm. In particular, this is between 1 * 10 -5 ⁇ cm - 1 * 10 -3 ⁇ cm. Despite a thermal insulation of the NTC resistor material can thus ensure a sufficiently good electrical conductivity, whereby a lead resistance is kept low in an advantageous manner.
- the connecting material is an electrical Leitkleb, in particular a silver conductive adhesive, which connects the electrical connection contact with the NTC resistor material via a material connection with each other.
- a conductive adhesive has a significantly lower thermal conductivity compared to a solder material.
- the NTC resistor material can be thermally insulated at a sufficient electrical connection simultaneously.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer allows the thermal connection of the NTC resistance material to be set to the desired performance of the resistance component.
- Electrically conductive adhesives have, for example, an electrical resistivity between 1 * 10 -4 ⁇ cm - 1 * 10 -3 ⁇ cm, whereas their thermal conductivity shows a value of 1-10 W / mK.
- the connecting material has a pore structure.
- pore structure is meant cavity-containing structures within the electrically conductive interconnect material, which cavities do not contribute to electrical power conduction.
- the pore structure can be open or closed.
- the pores or cavities are preferably filled with air. Air shows poor thermal conductivity, so it acts as an additional thermal insulator against the NTC resistor material.
- the thermal mass of the bonding material is reduced by the pore structure, whereby a possible heat absorption of the heating NTC resistor material is further limited.
- the bonding material is in the form of a metal foam or a metal wire mesh.
- the bonding material is preferably contacted via a sintered connection with the NTC resistor material and / or more preferably with the connection contact materially.
- the aluminum metal foam "ERG Aerospace Duocel®" called. This has an electrical resistivity of 2 - 20 * 10 -5 ⁇ cm and a thermal conductivity of about 9.7 W / mK.
- the at least one connection contact comprises a connection element, which preferably serves as a connection plate, a connecting wire or a connecting pin, in particular with a threaded area, for electrically contacting the resistance component is trained.
- a connection element which preferably serves as a connection plate, a connecting wire or a connecting pin, in particular with a threaded area, for electrically contacting the resistance component is trained.
- the NTC resistance material is contacted by at least two connection contacts, so that, when an electrical voltage is applied, a flow of current from one connection contact via the NTC resistance material to the other connection contact is made possible.
- Such a resistance component is particularly suitable for use as a very effective current limiter for reducing current peaks during switching on and / or off the current of leading components - such as in electric motors or transformers - while optimized power dissipation.
- a very simple embodiment of the resistance component results from the fact that the NTC resistance material is plate-like and has an upper and a lower side, which are at least partially contacted by a respective terminal contact.
- An external geometry of the plate-like NTC resistance material can be chosen arbitrarily, for example, round, square or polygonal. This results in an easily implemented stack structure of connecting layers, terminal contacts and the NTC resistor material in the formation of the resistance component.
- a planar design of the top and bottom of the NTC resistor material also allows a surface or line contact of a respective terminal contact.
- the resistance component is designed to be mechanically robust overall, so that high process reliability can be ensured within an automated assembly and soldering on a circuit carrier.
- connection contact can be embodied, for example, as a simple wire element or as a metallic sheet metal part, in particular a stamped or lasered sheet metal part, and at least over a section in FIG a plane of the top or bottom laterally protrude to the NTC resistor material. Beyond this section, the terminal contact, for example, by a bend, at an angle - for example, at right angles - continued to the above level.
- the NTC resistance material between the top and bottom of an opening in particular in the form of a bore.
- at least one of the contact terminals comprises a connection element which penetrates the opening and which is electrically insulated from the other contact terminal.
- connection concepts can be realized, in which starting for at least one connection contact an axial connection option is required.
- the connection element of the at least one connection contact is designed, for example, in the form of a connection pin, which contacts the NTC resistance material at least indirectly via a force, form and / or material connection.
- connection contacts may comprise a carrier body, which is arranged in each case adjacent to the connection material and is connected to the connection element on a side of the carrier body opposite the connection material.
- the at least one connection contact may be formed as a solder, welded, plugged or screwed contact.
- the connection contact has a corresponding plug geometry, which is complementary to a corresponding plug geometry
- Counter contact such as a crimping shoe, a insulation displacement contact element, a bore or a pin is formed.
- the plug contact may in this case also be provided in such a way as to form a transitional or press fit in the mating contact by means of a mating operation.
- the connection contact has a thread at least over a region, which produces a screw contact in cooperation with a closure element.
- the screw is formed for example by a threaded pin and a threaded nut.
- NTC resistor material is enclosed by an insulating protective compound and the at least one terminal contact with a terminal region protrudes from the protective compound. In this way, the NTC resistor material is well protected from external environmental and force effects.
- the NTC resistor material is thermally encapsulated by the protective compound, so that a heating behavior of the NTC resistor material is favored.
- the invention also leads to an electrical assembly and / or system with at least one current-carrying component, which is exposed to current peaks by switching operations. Such current peaks arise, for example, during a switch-on or switch-off process by a voltage application or removal on the at least one current-carrying component.
- the electrical assembly and / or system also provides for the reduction of these current peaks before a current limiter.
- the current limiter is in this case designed as an inventive electrical resistance component in one of the embodiments described above.
- the advantage in an effective reduction of current peaks during the above switching operations, while simultaneously occurring power losses are minimized by setting small resistance values in a very short time.
- the electrical assembly and / or system comprises a battery with a power connector.
- the power connection forms at least one connection element of the at least one connection contact of the current limiter.
- the current limiter or the resistance component according to the invention is an integral part of the battery, in particular in the form of a battery connection.
- the power connector is designed as a from a base, in particular a housing surface of the battery, protruding connecting pin with a threaded portion.
- the connection pin penetrates at least the breakthrough in the NTC resistance material and projects beyond this at least with a part of the threaded portion.
- a first embodiment of a resistance component 100 is shown in a perspective sectional view.
- the resistance component 100 comprises an NTC resistance material 10, which has a high resistance value at low temperatures, while the resistance values at high temperatures are greatly reduced. Accordingly, the resistance value is subject to a temperature dependency.
- the resistance component 100 is designed as a thermistor or NTC resistor.
- the resistance component 100 has two connection contacts 30 which are made laterally from a protective compound 40 which completely encloses or encapsulates the NTC resistance material 10.
- the protective compound 40 is formed, for example, as a housing.
- the connection contacts 30 are each designed, for example, as a wire element or a sheet metal part, for example a sheet metal stamped part.
- the resistor component 100 can be electrically contacted within an electrical circuit, for example as part of an electrical assembly and / or electrical system 200, by way of the connection contacts 30 projecting laterally out of the housing 40.
- each of the laterally guided out of the housing 40 connecting contacts 30 at least one connection region which is preferably designed for electrical contacting of the resistance component 100 as a solder contact, welding contact or plug contact.
- the connection contacts 30 are connected to the NTC resistance material 10 in a material-locking manner via a connection material 20.
- the NTC resistor material 10 is preferably plate-like, so that the one terminal 30 a top 11 and the other terminal contact 30 a bottom 12 of the NTC resistor material 10 at least part of the surface, preferably the entire surface connects.
- the housing 40 results in the interior of the housing 40, a stack structure of terminal contacts 30, the NTC resistor material 10 and between the terminal contacts 30 and the top 11 and bottom 12 of the NTC resistor 10 arranged connection material 20.
- the connecting material 20 has a conscious low thermal conductivity.
- the NTC resistance material 10 is to be thermally insulated from the connection contacts 30.
- Good thermal insulation is exhibited when the thermal conductivity of the bonding material is 20 ⁇ 20 W / m K.
- a particularly good thermal insulation is present at values between 1 and 10 W / mK.
- the bonding material 20 has a low specific resistance, in particular ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ cm, preferably between 1 ⁇ 10 -5 ⁇ cm-1 ⁇ 10 -3 ⁇ cm.
- a lead resistance of the resistance component 100 is kept sufficiently low.
- Conductive adhesives are particularly suitable as connecting materials, with silver-conducting adhesives preferably being used.
- connection contacts 30 basically have a carrier body 32, which are materially connected via the connection material 20 to the upper side 11 or lower side 12 of the NTC resistance material 10.
- the carrier body 32 are each on a the Connecting material 20 opposite side of the support body 32 connected to a connecting element 31.
- the connection element 31 of one connection contact 30 is in the form of a connection plate 31 "with a connection region 31a".
- connection region 31a is formed, for example, as a tab protruding toward a base surface of the connection plate 31 ', wherein the connection region 31a" may additionally have one or more bends in the tab section.
- the connection element 31 of the other connection contact 30 is designed essentially as a connection pin 31 ', which has a threaded area at its at least one end, The other end can in turn be connected to a base of a contact partner via a form, force or material connection, for example
- the clamping connection results from the fact that the present stack construction is accommodated in a clamping manner between the abovementioned base area of a contact partner and a closure element 35, for example a threaded nut, brought into operative connection with the threaded area of the connecting pin 31 '
- a closure element 35 for example a threaded nut
- a further metal sleeve 37 can be received within the insulating sleeve 36 in order, for example, to mechanically support the stack structure and the clamping closure.
- the stack construction may have further elements supporting the terminal closure. So can For example, on the side of the closure element 35, a washer 34 adjacent to the carrier body 32 complete the stack construction.
- a further disc for example a spring washer 38, can also be accommodated within the stack structure and support the maintenance of the clamping closure.
- the resistance component 100 is part of an electrical assembly / or plant 200 with live components, in particular an electric motor and / or a transformer.
- the electrical assembly and / or system 200 is charged by switching on and / or off operations on the current-carrying components caused current spikes.
- the resistance component 100 is used circuit-wise as a current limiter.
- a power source for example a battery
- the design can be followed Fig. 2a and 2 B as battery terminal 200 'integrally provide.
- the power connection is then to be provided as the connection pin 31 ', whereas, for example, a battery housing surface or other surface offers the counter surface necessary for the clamping connection.
- the connecting material 20 may be designed in the form of a metal foam, for example an aluminum metal foam, or a metallic wire mesh.
- a connection to the NTC resistance material 10 is then carried out, for example, by a sintered connection.
- a simple support contact is sufficient, which can be permanently maintained by a frictional connection due to the present terminal closure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Details Of Resistors (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016203100.7A DE102016203100A1 (de) | 2016-02-26 | 2016-02-26 | Elektrisches Widerstandsbauteil und elektrische Baugruppe und/oder Anlage |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3211643A1 true EP3211643A1 (fr) | 2017-08-30 |
EP3211643B1 EP3211643B1 (fr) | 2018-10-17 |
Family
ID=58009698
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17155106.2A Active EP3211643B1 (fr) | 2016-02-26 | 2017-02-08 | Limiteur de courant et arrangement electrique. |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3211643B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102016203100A1 (fr) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008205384A (ja) * | 2007-02-22 | 2008-09-04 | Tdk Corp | サーミスタ組成物及びサーミスタ素子 |
EP2902761A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-08-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Capteur de température |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2385531B2 (fr) * | 2010-05-05 | 2019-01-30 | Grundfos Management a/s | Câble d'alimentation avec ntc thermistance intégré |
-
2016
- 2016-02-26 DE DE102016203100.7A patent/DE102016203100A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-02-08 EP EP17155106.2A patent/EP3211643B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008205384A (ja) * | 2007-02-22 | 2008-09-04 | Tdk Corp | サーミスタ組成物及びサーミスタ素子 |
EP2902761A1 (fr) * | 2012-09-28 | 2015-08-05 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Capteur de température |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016203100A1 (de) | 2017-08-31 |
EP3211643B1 (fr) | 2018-10-17 |
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