EP3199905B1 - Protection device for the protection of a military vehicle - Google Patents

Protection device for the protection of a military vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3199905B1
EP3199905B1 EP17150406.1A EP17150406A EP3199905B1 EP 3199905 B1 EP3199905 B1 EP 3199905B1 EP 17150406 A EP17150406 A EP 17150406A EP 3199905 B1 EP3199905 B1 EP 3199905B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
protective
protection
lifting means
protection device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17150406.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3199905A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Bayer
Walter Prieschl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3199905A1 publication Critical patent/EP3199905A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/013—Mounting or securing armour plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A27/00—Gun mountings permitting traversing or elevating movement, e.g. gun carriages
    • F41A27/02—Control systems for preventing interference between the moving gun and the adjacent structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile
    • F41H5/026—Slat armour; Nets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H7/00—Armoured or armed vehicles
    • F41H7/02—Land vehicles with enclosing armour, e.g. tanks
    • F41H7/04—Armour construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective device for protecting an object, in particular a military vehicle, against attack missiles with at least one protective element and a fastening device for the arrangement of the protective element in a position spaced from the object to be protected. Further objects of the invention form a vehicle with a weapon and a protective device and a method for protecting an object with such a protective device.
  • Protective elements for protecting an object such as a vehicle or aircraft or a military building, such as a bunker or the like
  • an object such as a vehicle or aircraft or a military building, such as a bunker or the like
  • the protective elements are known in many different designs according to the respective threat situation.
  • the structure of the protective elements plays in practice, especially the arrangement of the protective elements against the object to be protected for the protection to be achieved a crucial role.
  • larger or smaller distances between the protective element and the object to be protected can also lead to completely different protective effects as a function of the respective impacting missile.
  • the protective elements are usually arranged at a greater distance in front of the object to be protected , Due to the greater distance, it is possible to use protective devices that short the ignition mechanism prior to hitting the object. The sting can no longer form, whereby the danger emanating from the shaped charge projectiles is significantly reduced.
  • Such a protective device is used for example in the WO 2004/081486 A1 described.
  • the protective element disclosed therein is arranged at a distance from a military vehicle via a fastening device configured in the manner of a telescopic spacer.
  • the device comprises protective elements which have a cross-link on the outside of the vehicle are arranged and whose distance from the vehicle can be adjusted.
  • the invention has the object to provide a protective device for an object that allows a simple way reliable protection even when fired from higher or lower positions without the functionality of the object or arranged on the object attachments affect.
  • the protective element By means of the lifting means, the protective element can be moved relative to the object to be protected in accordance with the respective threat situation into a suitable protective position in which it offers good protection against attack missiles. Furthermore, it is achieved that the protective elements do not or only very little affect the functionality of the object and in particular the attachments arranged on the object such as weapon stations, since the protective elements can be moved to those heights in which the attachments are not disturbed.
  • the lifting means it has proven to be advantageous in terms of design, if this is designed as a pivoting boom.
  • the protective element can be pivoted relative to the object in different heights, so that optionally different areas of the object can be better protected or the height of the protective element can be adapted to the threats to be feared.
  • the protective element can be moved in a structurally simple manner.
  • the pivoting arm is pivotable about a substantially horizontal pivot axis.
  • the movement about a horizontal pivot axis, one end of the pivot arm can be pivoted upwards or downwards.
  • the pivot axis can be arranged close to the object, it is preferably arranged at a distance from it, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • one end of the pivot arm extends through the pivot axis, so that only the opposite end of the pivot arm in the manner of a cantilevered pivot arm moves on a circular path.
  • the pivoting arm is designed as a beam-shaped carrier.
  • a carrier can absorb large forces, so that it is possible to arrange the protective element well in front of the object.
  • a distance between the protective element and the object in the range of 200 to 1000 mm is advantageous and particularly advantageous in the range of 400 to 800 mm.
  • the protective element is pivotally connected in an upper region with the lifting means.
  • the protective element can move relative to the lifting means.
  • the lifting means and the protective element can be coupled translationally with each other, so that a movement of the lifting means is transmitted to the protective element and a change in the height of the lifting means also causes a change in height of the protective element.
  • the lifting means is movable via a drive.
  • the drive may be a manual drive. However, it has proved to be advantageous if the drive is electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically formed.
  • the drive can also be controlled remotely from inside the object or from another safer position.
  • the drive can be adapted to the design of the lifting means, for example, the drive can be configured as a rotary actuator or as a linear drive.
  • the lifting means on the side opposite the protective element side has an adapter element for mounting on different objects.
  • the adapter element By the adapter element, the lifting means can always be configured the same even when used for the protection of different objects and the adjustment can be done alone by using a suitable adapter element.
  • the adapter element on the one hand have a coupling point for the lifting means and on the other side a variable coupling point to adapt to different objects to be protected or to various fastening devices to objects to be protected.
  • the fastening device has a guide for guiding the movement of the protective element when arranging at different heights.
  • the guide can be arranged at a distance from the object and be connected at a point away from the connection between the protective element and the lifting means with the protective element, preferably with a central or lower portion of the protective element.
  • the guide can represent a second bearing point for the protective element, so that it can be mounted on a 2-point bearing or disposed on the object.
  • the guide may have a bar-shaped spacer acting area, which leads the protective element spaced from the object.
  • the invention provides that the guide spaced from the object arranged linear guide, in which the protective element is movably guided.
  • the linear guide can be connected to the beam-shaped region of the guide and therefore arranged at a predefined position with respect to the object at a distance.
  • the linear guide can allow movement in one direction, while they do not allow movement in the other directions and can be configured as a floating bearing.
  • the protective element is guided in a movable manner in a lower region in the linear guide.
  • the linear guide can support the protective element in a lower region relative to the object or arrange it at a distance therefrom. Due to the arrangement of the protective element at different heights this can slide up and down in the linear guide.
  • the arrangement of the linear guide can be such that the protective element is still guided in its highest position in the linear guide and it can not slip out of this. Furthermore, the protective element can be just so long that it is guided in its highest position with the lowest end in the linear guide.
  • the linear guide is pivotable about a substantially horizontal axis.
  • the protective element can be pivoted together with the linear guide to the suspension point of the linear guide.
  • the protective element or the upper region of the protective element is moved on a circular path, the protective element in the linear guide can move accordingly and rotate together with the linear guide.
  • the rotation of the linear guide can therefore be dependent on the pivot radius of the protective element and on the height of the protective element.
  • the protective element it has proven to be advantageous if this is designed as a protective network.
  • a protective net has been reinforced, on the one hand, to ward off hollow charges and, on the other hand, has a low weight, which leads, for example, to a low adjustment force that has to be expended in order to adjust the height of the protective net.
  • the protective net can have a frame that can interact with the lifting device and the linear guide. The mesh spacing as well as the material of the net can be adapted to the expected threats.
  • a vehicle having a protective device with at least one of the features described in relation to the protective device. This results in the already described advantages and effects.
  • the lifting means are connected to the roof area of the vehicle and the guide to a side wall of the vehicle.
  • the arrangement of the lifting means in the roof area and the spaced arrangement of the protective element can create a free space between the vehicle side wall and the protective element, in which, for example, stowage containers such as boxes or the like can be accommodated.
  • the roof fastening when the lifting means is arranged at a distance from the roof area of the vehicle. This not only allows pivoting up, but also down over the horizontal.
  • the lifting means is arranged 10 to 300 mm and more preferably 50 to 200 mm above the roof.
  • the attachment of the lifting means on the roof has a distance from the roof edge, that is offset in the direction of the vehicle center. By this distance, a large pivot radius is achieved for the protective element, so that it is moved in a nearly linear direction up and down in spite of the pivotal movement of the pivot arm. It has proved to be advantageous if the distance 20 to 700 mm and particularly advantageous if the distance is 200 to 400 mm.
  • the vehicle further comprises a lafettATOR weapon whose weapon control is coupled with the movement of the lifting means.
  • the Protective device can be pivoted depending on the directional position of the weapon, so that the weapon is not affected by the protection device.
  • the weapon disposed on the vehicle it may be necessary for the weapon disposed on the vehicle to be brought into a depression position so that fired projectiles could possibly damage the protective device, in particular, when the protective element is in an elevated position.
  • the height of the protective element on the coupling of weapon and drive from the elevation direction angle be pending, so that the protective element can be pivoted, for example, down when the weapon is also directed downwards accordingly.
  • the vehicle has a sensor for detecting a threat direction and / or for detecting the inclination of the vehicle.
  • These sensors can be coupled to the drive of the lifting means, so that the protective element can be aligned depending on the inclination and / or depending on a direction of threat and the best possible protection can be ensured.
  • a protective device of the type described above can also be transferred to a protective device of the type described above.
  • the invention is not limited to a vehicle, but for example, buildings or bunkers, where appropriate protective devices are arranged, also included.
  • Fig. 1 to 3 1 shows a protective device 1 according to the invention for protecting an object, which is a military vehicle 2 with a weapon 9 arranged on the vehicle 2, which can be directed both in elevation and in azimuth.
  • the protective device 1 according to the invention is also for the protection of other objects such as bunkers or similar. available.
  • a protective element 3 in the form of a protective net 3 is arranged at a distance in front of the vehicle 2. Due to the distance, the protective net 3 can make the shaped charge projectiles harmless even before they reach the actual vehicle armor.
  • the protective net 3 as in the Fig. 1 to 3 shown at different heights H 1 , H 2 , H 3 are arranged opposite the vehicle 2.
  • the protective net 3 since it may happen due to this height adjustment that the protective net 3 can be located in the firing range of the weapon 9, in particular when the weapon 9 is in a depression position, the height of the protective net 3 and the elevation angle of the weapon 9 must be adapted to each other be, as will be explained below.
  • the fastening device 4 via which the protective net 3 is arranged at a distance and movable relative to the vehicle 2, consists essentially of two elements, one of which is connected to the upper region of the protective net 3 and one to the middle or lower region of the protective net 3.
  • the protective mesh 3 In the upper part of the protective mesh 3 is hingedly connected to a ausgestaltetem as a pivoting boom 5 lifting means 5.
  • the pivoting arm 5 is arranged on the roof of the vehicle 2 for adaptation to different vehicles at the opposite end via an adapter element 10 which will be described in more detail below.
  • the protective mesh 3 As shown in the illustrations of Fig. 1 to 3 is shown, are moved up and down when it is pivoted about the pivot axis S.
  • the pivot axis S is not arranged directly on the roof of the vehicle 2, but offset by about 100 mm upwards. This makes it possible that the protective net 3 or the pivoting arm 5 in its lowest position H 3 , as in Fig. 3 is shown, can be pivoted further down than would be the case with an arrangement directly on the roof. Furthermore, the pivot axis S is not arranged directly in the region of the roof edge, but this is offset in the direction of the vehicle center. Due to this arrangement, the swing arm 5 is longer than the distance between the protective element 3 and the vehicle 2, resulting in a large swing circle, so that the stroke by which the protective element 3 can be raised, is correspondingly large.
  • the adapter element 10 serves to adapt the protective device 1 or the pivoting arm 5 to different roof fastenings.
  • the protective device 1 can be used for different types of vehicles, which is advantageous if the protective device 1 is to be used as a retrofit solution for a large number of different vehicles 2.
  • a guide 7 with a side wall of the vehicle 2.
  • These Guide 7 consists essentially of two elements, namely a support 8 and a pivotally mounted thereto linear guide 6.
  • the protective net 3 is slidably mounted in the linear guide 6 and rotatable together with this about its pivot axis S2.
  • the distance between the vehicle 2 and the corresponding side wall of the vehicle 2 and the protective element 3 is set to about 300 mm.
  • the protective net 3 is infinitely movable between the lowest position H 3 and the highest position H 1 .
  • this is connected via a coupled to the pivot arm 5 drive 11, which is designed as a pivot drive 11.
  • the pivot arm 5 can be rotated about the pivot axis S and thus the protective net 3 between the highest position H 1 and the lowest position H 3 are moved.
  • the connection point between the protective net 3 and the pivoting arm 5 thereby moves on the circular path shown in dashed lines in the figures.
  • position H 3 is the protective net 3 in the lowest position, so that the roof area of the vehicle 2 is not protected by the protective net 3.
  • the protective net 2 extends in this position very far down, so that this is partially arranged in front of the drive of the vehicle 2.
  • This position is therefore to be preferred, in particular, when the vehicle 2 is at the edge of a slope or the like, so that primarily there is a risk of bombardment from below.
  • the weapon can also be transferred into a depression position without the protective net 3 being located in the firing area of the weapon 9. Therefore, in this protective network position, a bombardment of targets in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 2 can take place.
  • the protective mesh 3 is pivoted upwards as far as possible, as shown in the illustration of Fig. 2 can be seen.
  • H 1 attacking missiles striking obliquely from above can also be intercepted with the protective net 3 or their effect can be weakened, in which case, however, the directional range of the weapon 9 is restricted.
  • the vehicle 2 has position sensors, with the aid of which the protective net position is automatically regulated and adapted to the inclined position of the vehicle 2.
  • the drive 11 of the pivot arm 5 is for this purpose connected to a corresponding control unit, which determines the best possible protection network position due to the vehicle position, the current threat situation and the directional angle of the weapon 9 and the protective network 3 automatically transferred to this position.
  • the vehicle 2 can be protected in the best possible manner against attack missiles in various positions and positions, without reducing the directivity of the weapon 9 and thus the firepower of the vehicle 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schutzvorrichtung zum Schutz eines Objekts, insbesondere eines militärischen Fahrtzeugs, gegen Angriffsflugkörper mit mindestens einem Schutzelement und einer Befestigungsvorrichtung zur Anordnung des Schutzelements in einer gegenüber dem zu schützenden Objekt beabstandeten Position. Weitere Gegenstände der Erfindung bilden ein Fahrzeug mit einer Waffe und einer Schutzvorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines Objekts mit einer solchen Schutzvorrichtung.The invention relates to a protective device for protecting an object, in particular a military vehicle, against attack missiles with at least one protective element and a fastening device for the arrangement of the protective element in a position spaced from the object to be protected. Further objects of the invention form a vehicle with a weapon and a protective device and a method for protecting an object with such a protective device.

Schutzelemente zum Schutz eines Objekts, beispielsweise eines Fahr- oder Flugzeugs oder eines militärischen Gebäudes, wie einer Bunkeranlage oder ähnlichem, sind in vielen verschiedenen Bauformen entsprechend der jeweiligen Bedrohungslage bekannt. Neben dem Aufbau der Schutzelemente spielt in der Praxis vor allem auch die Anordnung der Schutzelemente gegenüber dem zu schützenden Objekt für die zu erzielende Schutzwirkung eine entscheidende Rolle. So können größere oder kleinere Abstände zwischen dem Schutzelement und dem zu schützenden Objekt auch in Abhängigkeit der jeweils auftreffenden Angriffsflugkörper zu ganz unterschiedlichen Schutzwirkungen führen.Protective elements for protecting an object, such as a vehicle or aircraft or a military building, such as a bunker or the like, are known in many different designs according to the respective threat situation. In addition to the structure of the protective elements plays in practice, especially the arrangement of the protective elements against the object to be protected for the protection to be achieved a crucial role. Thus, larger or smaller distances between the protective element and the object to be protected can also lead to completely different protective effects as a function of the respective impacting missile.

Zum Schutz von Objekten gegen die teilweise auch als RPG bezeichneten Hohlladungsgeschosse, die beim Auftreffen auf das Objekt einen hochenergetischen Stachel ausbilden, der in der Lage ist, auch sehr starke Panzerungen zu durchschlagen, werden die Schutzelemente zumeist in größerem Abstand vor dem zu schützenden Objekt angeordnet. Aufgrund des größeren Abstandes ist es möglich, Schutzvorrichtungen zu verwenden, die den Zündmechanismus vor dem Auftreffen auf dem Objekt kurzschließen. Der Stachel kann sich nicht mehr ausbilden, wodurch die von den Hohlladungsgeschossen ausgehende Gefahr deutlich reduziert wird.For the protection of objects against the partially also called RPG shaped charge projectiles, which form a high-energy spike when hitting the object, which is able to penetrate very strong armor, the protective elements are usually arranged at a greater distance in front of the object to be protected , Due to the greater distance, it is possible to use protective devices that short the ignition mechanism prior to hitting the object. The sting can no longer form, whereby the danger emanating from the shaped charge projectiles is significantly reduced.

Zur beabstandeten Anordnung eines solchen Schutzelements werden in der Regel nach Art von Distanzhaltern ausgebildete Befestigungsvorrichtungen eingesetzt, die auf der einen Seite an dem zu schützenden Objekt montiert und auf der anderen Seite mit dem Schutzelement verbunden sind, um dieses in einem vorgegebenen Abstand gegenüber dem Objekt zu halten.For spaced arrangement of such a protective element usually formed on the type of spacers fastening devices are used, which are mounted on one side of the object to be protected and on the other side connected to the protective element to this at a predetermined distance from the object hold.

Eine solche Schutzvorrichtung wird beispielsweise in der WO 2004/081486 A1 beschrieben. Das dort offenbarte Schutzelement ist über eine nach Art eines teleskopierbaren Abstandshalters ausgestaltete Befestigungsvorrichtung beabstandet zu einem militärischen Fahrzeug angeordnet.Such a protective device is used for example in the WO 2004/081486 A1 described. The protective element disclosed therein is arranged at a distance from a military vehicle via a fastening device configured in the manner of a telescopic spacer.

In der US 2012/152101 A1 wird eine Schutzvorrichtung zum Schutz eines militärischen Fahrtzeugs gegen Angriffsflugkörper beschrieben. Die Vorrichtung umfasst Schutzelemente, die über ein Kreuzgestänge an der Außenseite des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sind und deren Abstand gegenüber dem Fahrzeug eingestellt werden kann.
Zwar haben sich solche Schutzvorrichtungen durchaus bewährt, es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, dass die beabstandete Anordnung des Schutzelements zwar eine gute Schutzwirkung gegen seitlichen Beschuss ermöglicht, das Objekt jedoch nur unzureichend gegen Beschuss aus höher oder tiefer liegenden Positionen geschützt ist. Dies kann beispielsweise zu Problemen führen, wenn das Objekt aus der Luft unter Beschuss genommen wird oder wenn sich das Objekt in einem Tal oder auf einem Hügel oder Berg befindet und sich solch ein Angriffsflugkörper dem Objekt aus höher oder tiefer liegenden Positionen nähert.In the US 2012/152101 A1 A protective device for protecting a military anti-attack missile is described. The device comprises protective elements which have a cross-link on the outside of the vehicle are arranged and whose distance from the vehicle can be adjusted.
Although such protective devices have proven to be successful, it has been found that the spaced arrangement of the protective element allows a good protection against lateral bombardment, but the object is insufficiently protected against bombardment from higher or lower positions. For example, this can lead to problems when the object is bombarded from the air or when the object is in a valley or on a hill or mountain and such an attack missile approaches the object from higher or lower positions.

Zwar wäre es möglich, die Schutzelemente nach oben und unten zu verlängern, so dass diese über die Kontur des Objekts hinausragen und damit auch einen gewissen Schutz gegen Beschuss aus höher oder tiefer gelegenen Positionen bieten, dies hat sich jedoch als wenig praktikabel herausgestellt. Denn solche Schutzelemente würden nicht nur zu Problemen bei der Einhaltung der üblichen Verlademaße militärischer Fahrzeuge führen, sondern in vielen Fällen auch die Funktionalität von an der Oberseite des Fahrzeugs angeordneten Anbauten beeinträchtigen. Beispielsweise würden solche Schutzelemente beim Einsatz an einem mit einer Waffenstation ausgestatteten militärischen Fahrzeug dazu führen, dass der Richtbereich der zumeist auf dem Dach angeordneten Waffenstation oder auch der Sichtbereich zugehöriger optischer Einrichtung deutlich beeinträchtigt wäre.Although it would be possible to extend the protective elements up and down so that they protrude beyond the contour of the object and thus also provide some protection against fire from higher or lower positions, but this has proven to be less practicable. Because such protective elements would not only lead to problems in compliance with the usual Verlademaße military vehicles, but in many cases affect the functionality of arranged at the top of the vehicle attachments. For example, such protective elements, when used on a military vehicle equipped with a weapon station, would cause the directional range of the weapon station, which is usually arranged on the roof, or the visual range of the associated optical device to be significantly impaired.

Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt sich die Erfindung die Aufgabe, eine Schutzvorrichtung für ein Objekt anzugeben, die auf einfache Weise einen zuverlässigen Schutz auch bei Beschuss aus höher oder tiefer liegenden Positionen ermöglicht, ohne dabei die Funktionalität des Objekts bzw. der an dem Objekt angeordneten Anbauten zu beeinträchtigen.Against this background, the invention has the object to provide a protective device for an object that allows a simple way reliable protection even when fired from higher or lower positions without the functionality of the object or arranged on the object attachments affect.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Schutzvorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Teil der abhängigen Unteransprüche.This object is achieved according to the invention with a protective device of the type described in the introduction by the features of claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments are part of the dependent subclaims.

Durch das Hubmittel lässt sich das Schutzelement gegenüber dem zu schützenden Objekt entsprechend der jeweiligen Bedrohungslage in eine geeignete Schutzposition bewegen, in welcher dieses einen guten Schutz gegen Angriffsflugkörper bietet. Weiterhin wird erreicht, dass die Schutzelemente die Funktionalität des Objektes und insbesondere auch die von am Objekt angeordneten Anbauten wie beispielsweise Waffenstationen nicht oder nur sehr wenig beeinträchtigen, da die Schutzelemente in solche Höhen bewegt werden können, in welchen die Anbauten nicht gestört werden.By means of the lifting means, the protective element can be moved relative to the object to be protected in accordance with the respective threat situation into a suitable protective position in which it offers good protection against attack missiles. Furthermore, it is achieved that the protective elements do not or only very little affect the functionality of the object and in particular the attachments arranged on the object such as weapon stations, since the protective elements can be moved to those heights in which the attachments are not disturbed.

In Bezug auf das Hubmittel hat es sich in konstruktiver Hinsicht als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn dieses als Schwenkausleger ausgebildet ist. Durch einen solchen Schwenkausleger kann das Schutzelement gegenüber dem Objekt in verschiedene Höhen verschwenkt werden, so dass wahlweise verschiedene Bereiche des Objekts besser geschützt sein können bzw. die Höhe des Schutzelements an die zu befürchteten Bedrohungen angepasst sein kann. Über den Schwenkausleger kann das Schutzelement auf konstruktiv einfache Weise bewegt werden.With respect to the lifting means, it has proven to be advantageous in terms of design, if this is designed as a pivoting boom. By such a pivoting arm, the protective element can be pivoted relative to the object in different heights, so that optionally different areas of the object can be better protected or the height of the protective element can be adapted to the threats to be feared. About the swing arm, the protective element can be moved in a structurally simple manner.

Es hat sich weiterhin als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Schwenkausleger um eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Schwenkachse schwenkbar ist. Durch die Bewegung um eine horizontale Schwenkachse kann ein Ende des Schwenkauslegers nach oben oder nach unten verschwenkt werden. Die Schwenkachse kann zwar nah an dem Objekt angeordnet sein, sie ist jedoch bevorzugt beabstandet von diesem angeordnet, so wie dies im Folgenden noch näher erläutert wird. Weiterhin ist es von Vorteil, wenn ein Ende des Schwenkauslegers durch die Schwenkachse verläuft, so dass sich nur das gegenüberliegende Ende des Schwenkauslegers nach Art eines einseitig gelagerten Schwenkauslegers auf einer Kreisbahn bewegt.It has also proven to be advantageous if the pivoting arm is pivotable about a substantially horizontal pivot axis. The movement about a horizontal pivot axis, one end of the pivot arm can be pivoted upwards or downwards. Although the pivot axis can be arranged close to the object, it is preferably arranged at a distance from it, as will be explained in more detail below. Furthermore, it is advantageous if one end of the pivot arm extends through the pivot axis, so that only the opposite end of the pivot arm in the manner of a cantilevered pivot arm moves on a circular path.

In konstruktiver Hinsicht hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Schwenkausleger als balkenförmiger Träger ausgebildet ist. Ein solcher Träger kann große Kräfte aufnehmen, so dass es möglich ist, das Schutzelement auch weit vor dem Objekt anzuordnen. In der Praxis hat es sich herausgestellt, dass ein Abstand zwischen dem Schutzelement und dem Objekt im Bereich von 200 bis 1000 mm vorteilhaft und im Bereich von 400 bis 800 mm besonders vorteilhaft ist.In terms of design, it has proven to be advantageous if the pivoting arm is designed as a beam-shaped carrier. Such a carrier can absorb large forces, so that it is possible to arrange the protective element well in front of the object. In practice, it has been found that a distance between the protective element and the object in the range of 200 to 1000 mm is advantageous and particularly advantageous in the range of 400 to 800 mm.

Ferner hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Schutzelement in einem oberen Bereich gelenkig mit dem Hubmittel verbunden ist. Durch eine solche gelenkige Verbindung kann sich das Schutzelement relativ gegenüber dem Hubmittel bewegen. Das Hubmittel und das Schutzelement können translatorisch miteinander gekoppelt sein, so dass eine Bewegung des Hubmittels auf das Schutzelement übertragen wird und eine Veränderung der Höhe des Hubmittels auch eine Höhenänderung des Schutzelements bewirkt.Furthermore, it has been found to be advantageous if the protective element is pivotally connected in an upper region with the lifting means. By such a hinged connection, the protective element can move relative to the lifting means. The lifting means and the protective element can be coupled translationally with each other, so that a movement of the lifting means is transmitted to the protective element and a change in the height of the lifting means also causes a change in height of the protective element.

Zur Bewegung des Schutzelements hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Hubmittel über einen Antrieb bewegbar ist. Bei dem Antrieb kann es sich um einen manuellen Antrieb handeln. Es hat sich jedoch als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Antrieb elektrisch, pneumatisch oder hydraulisch ausgebildet ist. Der Antrieb kann aus dem Inneren des Objekts oder auch aus einer anderen sichereren Position auch per Fernsteuerung gesteuert werden. Der Antrieb kann an die Ausgestaltung des Hubmittels angepasst sein, beispielsweise kann der Antrieb als Schwenkantrieb oder als Linearantrieb ausgestaltet sein.For movement of the protective element, it has proven to be advantageous if the lifting means is movable via a drive. The drive may be a manual drive. However, it has proved to be advantageous if the drive is electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically formed. The drive can also be controlled remotely from inside the object or from another safer position. The drive can be adapted to the design of the lifting means, for example, the drive can be configured as a rotary actuator or as a linear drive.

Um eine solche Schutzvorrichtung zum Schutz verschiedener Objekte verwenden zu können, hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Hubmittel an der dem Schutzelement gegenüberliegenden Seite ein Adapterelement zur Montage an unterschiedlichen Objekten aufweist. Durch das Adapterelement kann das Hubmittel auch bei der Verwendung zum Schutz von verschiedenen Objekten stets gleich ausgestaltet sein und die Anpassung kann alleine durch Verwendung eines geeigneten Adapterelements erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann das Adapterelement auf der einen Seite eine Koppelstelle für das Hubmittel aufweisen und auf der anderen Seite eine variable Koppelstelle zur Anpassung an verschiedene zu schützende Objekte bzw. an verschiedene Befestigungsvorrichtungen an zu schützenden Objekten.In order to use such a protection device for the protection of various objects, it has been found to be advantageous if the lifting means on the side opposite the protective element side has an adapter element for mounting on different objects. By the adapter element, the lifting means can always be configured the same even when used for the protection of different objects and the adjustment can be done alone by using a suitable adapter element. For example, the adapter element on the one hand have a coupling point for the lifting means and on the other side a variable coupling point to adapt to different objects to be protected or to various fastening devices to objects to be protected.

Zur Befestigung des Schutzelements ist vorgesehen, dass die Befestigungsvorrichtung eine Führung zur Führung der Bewegung des Schutzelements beim Anordnen in verschiedenen Höhen aufweist. Die Führung kann beabstandet zum Objekt angeordnet sein und an einem Punkt abseits der Verbindung zwischen Schutzelement und Hubmittel mit dem Schutzelement, bevorzugt mit einem mittleren oder unteren Bereich des Schutzelements, verbunden sein. Die Führung kann eine zweite Lagerstelle für das Schutzelement darstellen, so dass dieses über eine 2-Punkt-Lagerung gelagert bzw. am Objekt angeordnet sein kann. Die Führung kann einen balkenförmigen als Abstandshalter fungierenden Bereich aufweisen, der das Schutzelement beabstandet zum Objekt führt.For attachment of the protective element is provided that the fastening device has a guide for guiding the movement of the protective element when arranging at different heights. The guide can be arranged at a distance from the object and be connected at a point away from the connection between the protective element and the lifting means with the protective element, preferably with a central or lower portion of the protective element. The guide can represent a second bearing point for the protective element, so that it can be mounted on a 2-point bearing or disposed on the object. The guide may have a bar-shaped spacer acting area, which leads the protective element spaced from the object.

Weiterhin ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Führung eine gegenüber dem Objekt beabstandet angeordnete Linearführung aufweist, in welcher das Schutzelement beweglich geführt ist. Die Linearführung kann mit dem als balkenförmigen Bereich der Führung verbunden und daher in einer vordefinierten Position gegenüber dem Objekt beabstandet angeordnet sein. Die Linearführung kann eine Bewegung in einer Richtung zulassen, wobei sie eine Bewegung in den anderen Richtungen nicht zulassen und insoweit als Loslager ausgebildet sein kann.Furthermore, the invention provides that the guide spaced from the object arranged linear guide, in which the protective element is movably guided. The linear guide can be connected to the beam-shaped region of the guide and therefore arranged at a predefined position with respect to the object at a distance. The linear guide can allow movement in one direction, while they do not allow movement in the other directions and can be configured as a floating bearing.

Es hat sich weiterhin als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Schutzelement in einem unteren Bereich beweglich in der Linearführung geführt ist. Die Linearführung kann das Schutzelement in einem unteren Bereich gegenüber dem Objekt abstützen bzw. zu diesem beabstandet anordnen. Durch die Anordnung des Schutzelements in verschiedenen Höhen kann dieses in der Linearführung auf- und abgleiten. Die Anordnung der Linearführung kann dabei derart sein, dass das Schutzelement auch in seiner höchsten Position noch in der Linearführung geführt ist und es nicht aus dieser herausrutschen kann. Ferner kann das Schutzelement genau so lang sein, dass es in seiner höchsten Position mit dem untersten Ende in der Linearführung geführt ist.It has also proven to be advantageous if the protective element is guided in a movable manner in a lower region in the linear guide. The linear guide can support the protective element in a lower region relative to the object or arrange it at a distance therefrom. Due to the arrangement of the protective element at different heights this can slide up and down in the linear guide. The arrangement of the linear guide can be such that the protective element is still guided in its highest position in the linear guide and it can not slip out of this. Furthermore, the protective element can be just so long that it is guided in its highest position with the lowest end in the linear guide.

Weiterhin hat es sich in Bezug auf die Führung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Linearführung um eine im Wesentlichen horizontale Achse schwenkbar ist. Durch diese Schwenkbewegung kann das Schutzelement zusammen mit der Linearführung um den Aufhängepunkt der Linearführung verschwenkt werden. Wenn das Schutzelement bzw. der obere Bereich des Schutzelements auf einer Kreisbahn bewegt wird, kann sich das Schutzelement in der Linearführung entsprechend bewegen und sich gemeinsam mit der Linearführung drehen. Die Drehung der Linearführung kann daher abhängig vom Schwenkradius des Schutzelements sowie von der Höhe des Schutzelements sein.Furthermore, it has proved to be advantageous in terms of the guide when the linear guide is pivotable about a substantially horizontal axis. By this pivoting movement, the protective element can be pivoted together with the linear guide to the suspension point of the linear guide. When the protective element or the upper region of the protective element is moved on a circular path, the protective element in the linear guide can move accordingly and rotate together with the linear guide. The rotation of the linear guide can therefore be dependent on the pivot radius of the protective element and on the height of the protective element.

In Bezug auf das Schutzelement hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn dieses als Schutznetz ausgebildet ist. Ein Schutznetz hat sich zum einen zur Abwehr von Hohlladungen bewehrt und weist zum anderen ein geringes Gewicht auf, was beispielsweise zu einer geringen Verstellkraft führt, die aufgewendet werden muss, um die Höhe des Schutznetzes zu verstellen. Aus Stabilitätsgründen kann das Schutznetz einen Rahmen aufweisen, der mit der Hubvorrichtung und der Linearführung zusammenwirken kann. Die Maschenabstände sowie auch das Material des Netzes können an die zu erwartenden Bedrohungen angepasst sein.With regard to the protective element, it has proven to be advantageous if this is designed as a protective network. A protective net has been reinforced, on the one hand, to ward off hollow charges and, on the other hand, has a low weight, which leads, for example, to a low adjustment force that has to be expended in order to adjust the height of the protective net. For reasons of stability, the protective net can have a frame that can interact with the lifting device and the linear guide. The mesh spacing as well as the material of the net can be adapted to the expected threats.

Weiterhin wird zur Lösung der vorstehend genannten Aufgabe ein Fahrzeug mit einer Schutzeinrichtung mit mindestens einem der in Bezug auf die Schutzeinrichtung beschriebenen Merkmale vorgeschlagen. Es ergeben sich dabei die bereits beschriebenen Vorteile und Wirkungen.Furthermore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a vehicle is proposed having a protective device with at least one of the features described in relation to the protective device. This results in the already described advantages and effects.

Zur Befestigung des Schutzelements vor dem Fahrzeug hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn das Hubmittel mit dem Dachbereich des Fahrzeugs und die Führung mit einer Seitenwand des Fahrzeugs verbunden sind. Durch die Anordnung des Hubmittels im Dachbereich und die beabstandete Anordnung des Schutzelements kann zwischen der Fahrzeugseitenwand und dem Schutzelement ein Freiraum entstehen, in welchem beispielsweise Verstauungsbehälter wie Kisten oder ähnliches untergebracht werden können. Weiterhin hat es sich im Hinblick auf die Dachbefestigung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn das Hubmittel beabstandet zum Dachbereich des Fahrzeugs angeordnet ist. Dies ermöglicht nicht nur ein Verschwenken nach oben, sondern auch nach unten über die Horizontale hinaus. Bevorzugt ist das Hubmittel 10 bis 300 mm und besonders bevorzugt 50 bis 200 mm oberhalb des Daches angeordnet.For attachment of the protective element in front of the vehicle, it has proven to be advantageous if the lifting means are connected to the roof area of the vehicle and the guide to a side wall of the vehicle. The arrangement of the lifting means in the roof area and the spaced arrangement of the protective element can create a free space between the vehicle side wall and the protective element, in which, for example, stowage containers such as boxes or the like can be accommodated. Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous with regard to the roof fastening when the lifting means is arranged at a distance from the roof area of the vehicle. This not only allows pivoting up, but also down over the horizontal. Preferably, the lifting means is arranged 10 to 300 mm and more preferably 50 to 200 mm above the roof.

Weiterhin hat es sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Befestigung des Hubmittels am Dach einen Abstand zur Dachkante aufweist, also in Richtung Fahrzeugmitte versetzt ist. Durch diesen Abstand wird ein großer Schwenkradius für das Schutzelement erreicht, so dass dieses trotz der Schwenkbewegung des Schwenkauslegers in einer nahezu linearen Richtung auf und ab bewegt wird. Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn der Abstand 20 bis 700 mm und als besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Abstand 200 bis 400 mm beträgt.Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the attachment of the lifting means on the roof has a distance from the roof edge, that is offset in the direction of the vehicle center. By this distance, a large pivot radius is achieved for the protective element, so that it is moved in a nearly linear direction up and down in spite of the pivotal movement of the pivot arm. It has proved to be advantageous if the distance 20 to 700 mm and particularly advantageous if the distance is 200 to 400 mm.

Bevorzugt weist das Fahrzeug ferner eine lafettierte Waffe auf, deren Waffensteuerung mit der Bewegung des Hubmittels gekoppelt ist. Durch diese Koppelung zwischen Waffensteuerung und Antrieb wird erreicht, dass die Schutzvorrichtung abhängig von der Richtstellung der Waffe verschwenkt werden kann, so dass die Waffe nicht auch durch die Schutzvorrichtung beeinträchtigt wird. Beispielswiese kann es zur Bekämpfung von sich in tiefer gelegenen Positionen oder in direkter Nähe des Fahrzeugs befindlichen Zielen erforderlich sein, dass die auf dem Fahrzeug angeordnete Waffe in eine Depressionsstellung überführt werden muss, so dass abgefeuerte Projektile die Schutzvorrichtung unter Umständen beschädigen könnten, insbesondere dann, wenn sich das Schutzelement in einer erhöhten Position befindet. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Höhe des Schutzelements über die Koppelung von Waffe und Antrieb von dem Elevationsrichtwinkel anhängig sein, so dass das Schutzelement beispielsweise nach unten verschwenkt werden kann, wenn die Waffe entsprechend auch nach unten gerichtet wird.Preferably, the vehicle further comprises a lafettierte weapon whose weapon control is coupled with the movement of the lifting means. Through this coupling between gun control and drive is achieved that the Protective device can be pivoted depending on the directional position of the weapon, so that the weapon is not affected by the protection device. For example, in order to combat targets located in lower positions or in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle, it may be necessary for the weapon disposed on the vehicle to be brought into a depression position so that fired projectiles could possibly damage the protective device, in particular, when the protective element is in an elevated position. In this context, it is advantageous if the height of the protective element on the coupling of weapon and drive from the elevation direction angle be pending, so that the protective element can be pivoted, for example, down when the weapon is also directed downwards accordingly.

Zur Automatisierung dieser Bewegung ist es weiterhin möglich, dass das Fahrzeug einen Sensor zur Erkennung einer Bedrohungsrichtung und/oder zur Erkennung der Schräglage des Fahrzeugs aufweist. Diese Sensoren können mit dem Antrieb des Hubmittels gekoppelt sein, so dass das Schutzelement abhängig von der Schräglage und/oder abhängig von einer Bedrohungsrichtung ausgerichtet werden kann und ein bestmöglicher Schutz gewährleistet sein kann.To automate this movement, it is also possible that the vehicle has a sensor for detecting a threat direction and / or for detecting the inclination of the vehicle. These sensors can be coupled to the drive of the lifting means, so that the protective element can be aligned depending on the inclination and / or depending on a direction of threat and the best possible protection can be ensured.

Alle in Bezug auf das Fahrzeug beschriebenen Ausgestaltungen und Vorteile der Erfindung lassen sich auch auf eine Schutzvorrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art übertragen. Die Erfindung beschränkt sich dabei nicht nur auf ein Fahrzeug, sondern beispielsweise sind auch Gebäude oder Bunkeranlagen, an denen entsprechende Schutzvorrichtungen angeordnet sind, mit eingeschlossen.All described with respect to the vehicle embodiments and advantages of the invention can also be transferred to a protective device of the type described above. The invention is not limited to a vehicle, but for example, buildings or bunkers, where appropriate protective devices are arranged, also included.

Weiterhin wird zur Lösung der vorstehend genannten Aufgabe ein Verfahren zum Schutz eines Objekts mit einer Schutzvorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die mindestens eines der vorstehend beschriebenen Merkmale aufweist und wobei das Hubmittel zum Einstellen der Position des Schutzelements bewegt wird. Es ergeben sich die bereits in Bezug auf die Schutzvorrichtung erläuterten Vorteile.Furthermore, in order to achieve the abovementioned object, a method for protecting an object with a protective device is proposed, having at least one of the features described above, and wherein the lifting means for adjusting the position of the protective element is moved. This results in the advantages already explained in relation to the protective device.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Darin zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Schutzvorrichtung in einer mittleren Position,
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Schutzvorrichtung in einer erhöhten Position und
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung eines Fahrzeugs mit einer Schutzvorrichtung in einer niedrigeren Position.
Further advantages and details of the invention are explained below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Show:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a vehicle with a protective device in a middle position,
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of a vehicle with a protective device in an elevated position and
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a vehicle with a protective device in a lower position.

In den Fig. 1 bis 3 ist eine erfindungsgemäße Schutzvorrichtung 1 zum Schutz eines Objektes dargestellt, bei welcher es sich um ein militärisches Fahrzeug 2 mit einer auf dem Fahrzeug 2 angeordneten Waffe 9 handelt, die sowohl in Elevation als auch in Azimut richtbar ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Schutzvorrichtung 1 ist jedoch auch zum Schutz anderer Objekte wie beispielsweise Bunkern o.ä. nutzbar.In the Fig. 1 to 3 1 shows a protective device 1 according to the invention for protecting an object, which is a military vehicle 2 with a weapon 9 arranged on the vehicle 2, which can be directed both in elevation and in azimuth. However, the protective device 1 according to the invention is also for the protection of other objects such as bunkers or similar. available.

Zum Schutz vor sich annähernden Angriffsflugkörpern und insbesondere vor Hohlladungsgeschossen ist beabstandet vor dem Fahrzeug 2 ein Schutzelement 3 in Form eines Schutznetzes 3 angeordnet. Durch den Abstand kann das Schutznetz 3 die Hohlladungsgeschosse, noch bevor sie die eigentliche Fahrzeugpanzerung erreichen, unschädlich machen.To protect against approaching attack missiles and in particular in front of shaped charge projectiles, a protective element 3 in the form of a protective net 3 is arranged at a distance in front of the vehicle 2. Due to the distance, the protective net 3 can make the shaped charge projectiles harmless even before they reach the actual vehicle armor.

Im Einsatz kommt es häufig vor, dass das Fahrzeug 2 aus verschiedenen Positionen unter Beschuss genommen wird bzw. ein Beschuss aus verschiedenen Richtungen zu befürchten steht. Während üblicherweise bei Hohlladungsgeschossen in Form von RPGs von einer horizontal auf die Seitenwand des Fahrzeugs 2 gerichteten Angriffsrichtung (Elevation = 0 Grad) ausgegangen wird, sind in hügeligem oder urbanem Gelände bzw. bei schrägstehendem Fahrzeug auch Angriffe mit größerer Elevation im Dachbereich des Fahrzeugs 2 zu befürchten.In use, it often happens that the vehicle 2 is taken from different positions under fire or is to fear a shelling from different directions. While usually in shaped charge projectiles in the form of RPGs from a horizontally directed to the side wall of the vehicle 2 attack direction (elevation = 0 degrees) is in hilly or urban terrain or tilted vehicle attacks with greater elevation in the roof area of the vehicle 2 fear.

Um auch eine Schutzwirkung gegen solche aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen kommende Angriffsflugkörper zu erwirken, kann das Schutznetz 3 wie in den Fig. 1 bis 3 gezeigt in verschiedenen Höhen H1, H2, H3 gegenüber dem Fahrzeug 2 angeordnet werden. Da es aufgrund dieser Höheneinstellung jedoch dazu kommen kann, dass sich das Schutznetz 3 im Schussfeld der Waffe 9 befinden kann, insbesondere dann, wenn sich die Waffe 9 in einer Depressionsstellung befindet, müssen die Höhe des Schutznetzes 3 und der Elevationswinkel der Waffe 9 aneinander angepasst sein, so wie dies im Folgenden noch erläutert wird.In order to obtain a protective effect against such coming from different directions attack missile, the protective net 3 as in the Fig. 1 to 3 shown at different heights H 1 , H 2 , H 3 are arranged opposite the vehicle 2. However, since it may happen due to this height adjustment that the protective net 3 can be located in the firing range of the weapon 9, in particular when the weapon 9 is in a depression position, the height of the protective net 3 and the elevation angle of the weapon 9 must be adapted to each other be, as will be explained below.

Zunächst wird nun jedoch auf die konstruktive Ausgestaltung der Befestigungsvorrichtung 4 eingegangen, über die das Schutznetz 3 am Fahrzeug 2 befestigt ist und die eine entsprechende Bewegung des Schutznetzes 3 ermöglicht, bevor dann die verschiedenen Stellungen bzw. Höhen H1, H2, H3 des Schutznetzes 3 näher erläutert werden.First, however, will now be discussed the structural design of the fastening device 4, via which the protective net 3 is attached to the vehicle 2 and which allows a corresponding movement of the protective net 3, before then the different positions or heights H 1 , H 2 , H 3 of Protective network 3 will be explained in more detail.

Die Befestigungsvorrichtung 4, über welche das Schutznetz 3 beabstandet und beweglich zum Fahrzeug 2 angeordnet ist, besteht im Wesentlichen aus zwei Elementen, von denen eines mit dem oberen Bereich des Schutznetzes 3 und eines mit dem mittleren bzw. unteren Bereich des Schutznetzes 3 verbunden ist.The fastening device 4, via which the protective net 3 is arranged at a distance and movable relative to the vehicle 2, consists essentially of two elements, one of which is connected to the upper region of the protective net 3 and one to the middle or lower region of the protective net 3.

Im oberen Bereich ist das Schutznetz 3 gelenkig mit einem als Schwenkausleger 5 ausgestaltetem Hubmittel 5 verbunden. Der Schwenkausleger 5 ist zur Anpassung an verschiedene Fahrzeuge am gegenüberliegenden Ende über ein im Folgenden noch näher beschriebenes Adapterelement 10 am Dach des Fahrzeugs 2 angeordnet. Durch den Schwenkausleger 5 kann das Schutznetz 3, wie dies in den Darstellungen der Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellt ist, hoch und runter bewegt werden, wenn dieser um die Schwenkachse S verschwenkt wird.In the upper part of the protective mesh 3 is hingedly connected to a ausgestaltetem as a pivoting boom 5 lifting means 5. The pivoting arm 5 is arranged on the roof of the vehicle 2 for adaptation to different vehicles at the opposite end via an adapter element 10 which will be described in more detail below. By the swing arm 5, the protective mesh 3, as shown in the illustrations of Fig. 1 to 3 is shown, are moved up and down when it is pivoted about the pivot axis S.

Die Schwenkachse S ist dabei nicht unmittelbar auf dem Dach des Fahrzeugs 2 angeordnet, sondern um ca. 100 mm nach oben hin versetzt. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, dass das Schutznetz 3 bzw. der Schwenkausleger 5 in seiner niedrigsten Position H3, so wie dies in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, weiter nach unten verschwenkt werden kann, als dies bei einer Anordnung direkt auf dem Dach der Fall wäre. Weiterhin ist die Schwenkachse S nicht direkt im Bereich der Dachkante angeordnet, sondern diese ist in Richtung der Fahrzeugmitte versetzt. Aufgrund dieser Anordnung ist der Schwenkausleger 5 länger als der Abstand zwischen Schutzelement 3 und Fahrzeug 2, was zu einem großen Schwenkkreis führt, so dass der Hubweg, um den das Schutzelement 3 angehoben werden kann, entsprechend groß ist.The pivot axis S is not arranged directly on the roof of the vehicle 2, but offset by about 100 mm upwards. This makes it possible that the protective net 3 or the pivoting arm 5 in its lowest position H 3 , as in Fig. 3 is shown, can be pivoted further down than would be the case with an arrangement directly on the roof. Furthermore, the pivot axis S is not arranged directly in the region of the roof edge, but this is offset in the direction of the vehicle center. Due to this arrangement, the swing arm 5 is longer than the distance between the protective element 3 and the vehicle 2, resulting in a large swing circle, so that the stroke by which the protective element 3 can be raised, is correspondingly large.

Das Adapterelement 10 dient dazu, die Schutzvorrichtung 1 bzw. den Schwenkausleger 5 an unterschiedliche Dachbefestigungen anzupassen. So kann die Schutzvorrichtung 1 beispielsweise für unterschiedliche Fahrzeugtypen verwendet werden, was vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Schutzvorrichtung 1 als Nachrüstlösung für eine Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Fahrzeugen 2 eingesetzt werden soll. Denn beispielweise besitzen viele Fahrzeuge bereits unterschiedlich ausgestaltete Dachmontagestellen.The adapter element 10 serves to adapt the protective device 1 or the pivoting arm 5 to different roof fastenings. For example, the protective device 1 can be used for different types of vehicles, which is advantageous if the protective device 1 is to be used as a retrofit solution for a large number of different vehicles 2. For example, many vehicles already have differently designed roof mounting points.

Im unteren bzw. im mittleren Bereich des Schutznetzes 2 ist dieses über eine Führung 7 mit einer Seitenwand des Fahrzeugs 2 verbunden. Diese Führung 7 besteht im Wesentlichen aus zwei Elementen, nämlich einer Abstützung 8 und einer daran schwenkbeweglich angeordneten Linearführung 6. Das Schutznetz 3 ist in der Linearführung 6 verschieblich gelagert und zusammen mit dieser um deren Schwenkachse S2 drehbar. Über die Abstützung 8 ist der Abstand zwischen dem Fahrzeug 2 bzw. der entsprechenden Seitenwand des Fahrzeugs 2 und dem Schutzelement 3 auf ca. 300 mm festgelegt.In the lower or in the central region of the protective net 2, this is connected via a guide 7 with a side wall of the vehicle 2. These Guide 7 consists essentially of two elements, namely a support 8 and a pivotally mounted thereto linear guide 6. The protective net 3 is slidably mounted in the linear guide 6 and rotatable together with this about its pivot axis S2. About the support 8, the distance between the vehicle 2 and the corresponding side wall of the vehicle 2 and the protective element 3 is set to about 300 mm.

Wie dies zudem in der Darstellung der Fig. 3 ersichtlich wird, ist durch diesen Abstand und die Anordnung des Schwenkauslegers im Dachbereich zumindest der Seitenbereich zwischen dem Schwenkausleger 5 in seiner niedrigsten Position H3 und der Abstützung 8 frei, so dass durch diese Anordnung zusätzlicher Stauraum geschaffen wird, in dem ein Behälter 12 angeordnet ist. Die beabstandete Anordnung des Schutznetzes 3 führt demnach nicht nur zu einem besseren Schutz vor Hohlladungsgeschossen, sondern auch zur Schaffung von mehr Stauraum.As this also in the representation of Fig. 3 it can be seen, is free by this distance and the arrangement of the pivot arm in the roof area at least the side area between the swing boom 5 in its lowest position H 3 and the support 8, so that additional storage space is created by this arrangement, in which a container 12 is arranged , The spaced arrangement of the protective net 3 therefore not only leads to a better protection against shaped charge projectiles, but also to the creation of more storage space.

Im Folgenden sollen nun die verschiedenen Stellungen H1, H2, H3 des Schutznetzes 2 und deren entsprechende Funktionen näher erläutert werden.In the following, the various positions H 1 , H 2 , H 3 of the protective network 2 and their corresponding functions will now be explained in more detail.

Das Schutznetz 3 ist zwischen der niedrigsten Position H3 und der höchsten Position H1 stufenlos bewegbar. Zur Bewegung des Schutznetzes 3 ist dieses über einen mit dem Schwenkausleger 5 gekoppelten Antrieb 11 verbunden, der als Schwenkantrieb 11 ausgestaltet ist. Über den Schwenkantrieb 11 kann der Schwenkausleger 5 um die Schwenkachse S gedreht und damit das Schutznetz 3 zwischen der höchsten Stellung H1 und der niedrigsten Stellung H3 bewegt werden. Der Verbindungspunkt zwischen dem Schutznetz 3 und dem Schwenkausleger 5 bewegt sich dabei auf der in den Figuren gestrichelt dargestellten Kreisbahn.The protective net 3 is infinitely movable between the lowest position H 3 and the highest position H 1 . For movement of the protective net 3, this is connected via a coupled to the pivot arm 5 drive 11, which is designed as a pivot drive 11. About the pivot drive 11, the pivot arm 5 can be rotated about the pivot axis S and thus the protective net 3 between the highest position H 1 and the lowest position H 3 are moved. The connection point between the protective net 3 and the pivoting arm 5 thereby moves on the circular path shown in dashed lines in the figures.

In der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Stellung H3 befindet sich das Schutznetz 3 in der tiefsten Position, so dass der Dachbereich des Fahrzeugs 2 nicht durch das Schutznetz 3 geschützt ist. Das Schutznetz 2 reicht jedoch in dieser Position sehr weit nach unten, so dass dieses teilweise auch vor dem Laufwerk des Fahrzeugs 2 angeordnet ist. Diese Position ist daher insbesondere dann zu bevorzugen, wenn das Fahrzeug 2 an Böschungskanten oder ähnlichem steht, so dass in erster Linie ein Beschuss von unten zu befürchten steht. Zudem kann durch die niedrige Position des Schutznetzes 3 auch die Waffe in eine Depressionsstellung überführt werden, ohne dass sich das Schutznetz 3 im Schussfeld der Waffe 9 befinden würde. Daher kann in dieser Schutznetzstellung auch ein Beschuss von Zielen in direktem Nahbereich des Fahrzeugs 2 erfolgen.In the in Fig. 3 shown position H 3 is the protective net 3 in the lowest position, so that the roof area of the vehicle 2 is not protected by the protective net 3. However, the protective net 2 extends in this position very far down, so that this is partially arranged in front of the drive of the vehicle 2. This position is therefore to be preferred, in particular, when the vehicle 2 is at the edge of a slope or the like, so that primarily there is a risk of bombardment from below. In addition, due to the low position of the protective net 3, the weapon can also be transferred into a depression position without the protective net 3 being located in the firing area of the weapon 9. Therefore, in this protective network position, a bombardment of targets in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 2 can take place.

Wenn sich das Fahrzeug 2 beispielsweise durch eine Schlucht oder in der Nähe von Bergen oder Hügeln bewegt, sind die Gefahren durch einen Beschuss von oben deutlich eher zu befürchten. Dementsprechend ist bei einem solchen Einsatz das Schutznetz 3 möglichst weit nach oben verschwenkt, so wies dies in der Darstellung der Fig. 2 zu erkennen ist. In dieser Position H1 können auch schräg von oben auftreffende Angriffsflugkörper mit dem Schutznetz 3 abgefangen oder deren Wirkung geschwächt werden, wobei dann jedoch der Richtbereich der Waffe 9 eingeschränkt ist.For example, when the vehicle 2 is moving through a ravine or near mountains or hills, the danger of being bombarded from above is much more likely. Accordingly, in such an application, the protective mesh 3 is pivoted upwards as far as possible, as shown in the illustration of Fig. 2 can be seen. In this position H 1 , attacking missiles striking obliquely from above can also be intercepted with the protective net 3 or their effect can be weakened, in which case, however, the directional range of the weapon 9 is restricted.

Des Weiteren kann es auch bei einer Schräglage des Fahrzeugs 2 dazu kommen, dass der Dachbereich oder der untere seitliche Bereich des Fahrzeugs 2 nicht ausreichend geschützt ist. Auch in einer solchen Situation kann die Höhe des Schutznetzes 3 entsprechend angepasst werden. Dazu verfügt das Fahrzeug 2 über Lagesensoren, mit deren Hilfe die Schutznetzposition automatisch geregelt und an die Schräglage des Fahrzeugs 2 angepasst wird.Furthermore, even when the vehicle 2 is inclined, it may happen that the roof area or the lower lateral area of the vehicle 2 is not adequately protected. Even in such a situation, the height of the protective network 3 can be adjusted accordingly. For this purpose, the vehicle 2 has position sensors, with the aid of which the protective net position is automatically regulated and adapted to the inclined position of the vehicle 2.

Besonders in Gefechtssituationen kann es auch dazu kommen, dass zwar ein Beschuss von schräg oben droht, so dass es wünschenswert wäre, das Schutznetz 3 in die Position H1 zu bewegen, sich jedoch auch im direkten Nahbereich des Fahrzeugs zu bekämpfende Ziele befinden. Um dies zu ermöglichen, ist der Schwenkantrieb 11, mit dem das Schutznetz 3 bewegt wird, mit der Steuerung der Waffe 9 gekoppelt. Wenn es beispielsweise erforderlich ist, ein Ziel im Nahbereich zu bekämpfen, wird das Schutznetz 3 soweit nach untern verschwenkt, wie es die Elevation der Waffe 9 erfordert. In solchen Situationen muss ein Kompromiss zwischen bestmöglicher Schutzwirkung und Bewegungsfreiheit bzw. Richtvermögen der Waffe 9 gefunden werden.Especially in combat situations, it can also happen that although a threat from obliquely above, so it would be desirable to move the protective net 3 in the position H 1 , but are also in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle to be attacked targets. To make this possible, the pivot drive 11, with which the protective net 3 is moved, coupled to the control of the weapon 9. For example, if it is necessary to combat a target in the vicinity, the protective net 3 is pivoted as far as down, as required by the elevation of the weapon 9. In such situations, a compromise between the best possible protective effect and freedom of movement or directivity of the weapon 9 must be found.

Der Antrieb 11 des Schwenkauslegers 5 ist dafür mit einer entsprechenden Steuerungseinheit verbunden, die aufgrund der Fahrzeugposition, der aktuellen Bedrohungslage und dem Richtwinkel der Waffe 9 die bestmögliche Schutznetzstellung ermittelt und das Schutznetz 3 automatisch in diese Position überführt.The drive 11 of the pivot arm 5 is for this purpose connected to a corresponding control unit, which determines the best possible protection network position due to the vehicle position, the current threat situation and the directional angle of the weapon 9 and the protective network 3 automatically transferred to this position.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Schutzvorrichtung 1 kann das Fahrzeug 2 in verschiedenen Stellungen und Lagen bestmöglich gegen Angriffsflugkörper geschützt werden, ohne das Richtvermögen der Waffe 9 und damit die Feuerkraft des Fahrzeugs 2 zu verringern.Due to the protective device 1 according to the invention, the vehicle 2 can be protected in the best possible manner against attack missiles in various positions and positions, without reducing the directivity of the weapon 9 and thus the firepower of the vehicle 2.

Bezugszeichen:Reference numerals:

11
Schutzvorrichtungguard
22
Objektobject
33
Schutzelementprotection element
44
Befestigungsvorrichtungfastening device
55
Hubmittellifting means
66
Linearführunglinear guide
77
Führungguide
88th
Abstützungsupport
99
Waffeweapon
1010
Adapteradapter
1111
Antriebdrive
1212
Behältercontainer
H1, H2, H3 H 1 , H 2 , H 3
Höhe/PositionHeight / Position
SS
Schwenkachseswivel axis
S2S2
Schwenkachseswivel axis

Claims (14)

  1. Protection device for the protection of an object (2), in particular a military vehicle, against offensive missiles with at least one protection element (3) and a fastening device (4) for arranging the protection element (3) in a position spaced apart in relation to the object (2) to be protected, wherein the fastening device (4) has a lifting means (5) via which the protection element (3) can be arranged at different heights (H1, H2, H3) in relation to the object (2), wherein the fastening device (4) has a guidance (7) for guiding the movement of the protection element (3) during the arrangement at different heights (H1, H2, H3), characterized in that the guidance (7) has a linear guidance (6) which is spaced apart in relation to the object (2) and in which the protection element (3) is movably guided.
  2. Protection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the lifting means (5) is in the form of a pivoting extension arm.
  3. Protection device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the pivoting extension arm (5) is pivotable about a substantially horizontal pivot axis (S).
  4. Protection device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the pivoting extension arm (5) is in the form of a beam-shaped carrier.
  5. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protection element (2) is connected in an upper region to the lifting means (5) in an articulated manner.
  6. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a drive (11) for moving the lifting means (5).
  7. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting means (5) has, on the side lying opposite to the protection element (2), an adapter element (10) for mounting on different objects (2).
  8. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protection element (3) is guided in a lower region movably in the linear guidance (6).
  9. Protection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the linear guidance (6) is formed pivotably about a substantially horizontal axis.
  10. Vehicle, in particular military vehicle, with a protection device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.
  11. Vehicle according to Claim 10, characterized in that the lifting means (5) is connected to the roof region of the vehicle (2) and the guidance (7) is connected to a sidewall of the vehicle (2).
  12. Vehicle according to Claim 10 or 11, with a weapon (9), in which the weapon control is coupled to the drive (11) for moving the lifting means (5).
  13. Vehicle according to one of the Claims 10 to 12, with a position sensor for determining sloping positions of the vehicle, said position sensor being coupled to the drive (11) for moving the lifting means (5).
  14. Method for protecting an object (2) with a protection device (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the lifting means (5) is moved for adjusting the position of the protection element (3).
EP17150406.1A 2016-01-26 2017-01-05 Protection device for the protection of a military vehicle Active EP3199905B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016101302.1A DE102016101302A1 (en) 2016-01-26 2016-01-26 Protective device for the protection of a military vehicle

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3199905A1 EP3199905A1 (en) 2017-08-02
EP3199905B1 true EP3199905B1 (en) 2018-12-05

Family

ID=57758495

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17150406.1A Active EP3199905B1 (en) 2016-01-26 2017-01-05 Protection device for the protection of a military vehicle

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3199905B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102016101302A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2704553T3 (en)

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US11860632B2 (en) 2019-11-14 2024-01-02 Bae Systems Plc Weapon system

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EP4345409A1 (en) 2022-09-30 2024-04-03 John Cockerill Defense SA Unmanned turret having a ballistic protection system in the roof structure and in the floor

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DE82419C (en) *
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DE2409876A1 (en) * 1974-03-01 1975-09-04 Nikolaus Dipl Kfm Blenk Deflective or entrapping armouring - penetration of tank or similar is prevented by specially adapted configuration
SE430001B (en) * 1979-01-12 1983-10-10 Bofors Ab SAFETY DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
US5576508A (en) * 1995-09-26 1996-11-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Extendable armor
US7152517B1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2006-12-26 Ivey Dc Defensive shield
DE10310952A1 (en) 2003-03-11 2004-09-30 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Protection device for armored vehicles, in particular against shaped charge projectiles
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3199905A1 (en) 2017-08-02
DE102016101302A1 (en) 2017-07-27
ES2704553T3 (en) 2019-03-18

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