EP3197813A1

EP3197813A1 - Elevator system

Info

Publication number: EP3197813A1
Application number: EP15763362.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Florian Dold; Urs Lindegger
Original assignee: Inventio AG
Current assignee: Inventio AG
Priority date: 2014-09-26
Filing date: 2015-09-17
Publication date: 2017-08-02
Also published as: AU2015321059B2; US20170275135A1; US10202258B2; WO2016046052A1; CN107074488B; CN107074488A; AU2015321059A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a status of at least one component of an elevator system, wherein the elevator system comprises a suspension means having at least one traction member. The at least one traction member is surrounded by a non-metallic cladding, wherein the suspension means is guided via a drive sheave with a metallic traction surface. The method comprises the steps: identifying at least one parameter based on an electrostatic effect which occurs due to friction of the non-metallic cladding on the traction sheave with the metallic traction surface; and determining a status of the component on the basis of the captured parameter.

Description

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The present invention relates to a method for determining a state of at least one component of an elevator installation.

In order to ensure safe operation of an elevator system, in

Elevators monitored various components. For example, a driving speed of an elevator car is monitored, the operation of the

Elevator system is set in a determination of a non-permissible driving speed of the elevator car. Furthermore, a loading state of the elevator car is monitored in elevator systems. Here, too, an operation of the elevator installation can be adjusted if the loading of the elevator cabin is outside an approved area. Furthermore, individual components of an elevator system are monitored. For example, a state of a suspension element is an important indicator for the safe operation of the elevator installation. For example, it is possible to determine tensile loads in various suspension elements of an elevator installation, or even the condition of the suspension element itself. In particular in the case of belt-type suspension elements with shrouded walls

Train carriers it is essential for a safe operation of the elevator system, that both the state of the tension members as well as the condition of the wrapping can be monitored regularly.

For each of these states of a component of the elevator installation there are sometimes different monitoring options or

Monitoring facilities. For example, patent US7123030B2 discloses a method for determining a degree of wear of a belt-type suspension element. Based on a specific electrical resistance of electrically conductive tension members is closed on a breaking force of the suspension element. A disadvantage of such already known monitoring methods, however, is that for a comprehensive monitoring of the elevator system a variety of monitoring methods and thus a variety of monitoring devices are necessary. For example, a monitoring system for the state of the suspension means is needed, and another monitoring system is needed for a driving condition of the elevator car. Furthermore, for example, another monitoring system for checking a voltage state of Tragmittel needed. As a result, this results in increased installation costs as well as increased material costs for elevator installations.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for determining a state of at least one component of an elevator installation which provides information about the condition of various components of the elevator installation. The process should also be feasible with cost effective means.

To solve this problem, first, a method for determining a

Condition proposed at least one component of an elevator system. The elevator installation comprises a suspension element with at least one tension member. The tension member is surrounded by a non-metallic jacket, wherein the support means is guided over a traction sheave with a metallic traction surface. The method comprises the steps of: determining at least one characteristic based on an electrostatic effect which arises due to the friction of the non-metallic shell on the traction sheave with the metallic traction surface when driving; and determining a state of the component based on the detected characteristic.

This method has the advantage that states of different components of the elevator installation can be determined on the basis of an already occurring effect, namely the electrostatic effect between the traction sheave and the suspension element. Thus, a specific signal does not have to be generated first, since this electrostatic effect occurs anyway.

So far, such electrostatic effects have been ignored or attempts have been made to reduce such electrical voltages in order to minimize any potential danger. The inventors have now by long experiments a variety of linear or higher dependencies of different electrostatic effects of

State variables of components of the elevator system can show. For example, there is a direct relationship between the voltage magnitude of the electrostatic effect and the driving speed of the elevator car.

Depending on the monitoring purpose, a parameter of the electrostatic effect and an evaluation method of the determined parameter can be selected. In an advantageous embodiment, the support means comprises at least one electrically conductive element, this has the advantage that thereby a determination of the characteristic, which is based on the electrostatic effect, can be made simpler. Such an electrically conductive element within the suspension means can

For example, serve as an electrical conductor, which forwards the resulting between the traction sheave and the jacket of the suspension medium electrostatic effect. A voltage or current can be determined on this electrical conductor in a simple manner.

In an advantageous development, the tension member comprises plastic fibers, wherein an indicator element is arranged in the suspension element. In an alternative development, the tension member comprises an electrically conductive material. In both said alternative developments, an electrically conductive element is provided within the suspension means available. For tension members comprising an electrically conductive material, the advantage is that no separate indicator element has to be provided. In the case of tension members with synthetic fibers and a separately arranged indicator element, the advantage is that the tension members made of synthetic fibers have a considerably lower weight than metallic tension members.

In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, an electrical voltage and / or an electrical current in the electrically conductive element is determined as the parameter. This has the advantage that such a parameter can be determined inexpensively by simple means.

In an advantageous development, a change in a load capacity of the tension member or of the suspension element is detected by repeatedly determining the electrical voltage and / or the electric current in the electrically conductive tension member. For example, it can be concluded from a change in the electrical voltage and / or the electric current at constant driving conditions of the elevator system to a change in the conductive cross section of the tension member, which in turn is an indicator of the load capacity of the tension member. If, for example, during a journey under the same load from a first to a second floor, a first current is determined, and a short time later, a different current is determined at the same distance and constant load, this can an indication of a changed electrical resistance of the tension member, which in turn may be an indication of a changed load capacity of the tension member.

In an advantageous Ausflihrungsbeispiel a load condition of the support means is determined. This has the advantage that thereby various important functions of the elevator system can be checked.

In an exemplary development, the determination of the load condition of the suspension element makes it possible to detect a relaxation of a suspension element tension. In an alternative exemplary development, the elevator installation comprises two or more suspension elements, it being possible to detect a distribution of the load on the two or more suspension elements by determining the loading state of the suspension element.

In an advantageous exemplary embodiment, a driving state of an elevator car is determined. As a result, in turn, important functions of the elevator installation can be monitored. In an exemplary continuation, a travel speed of the elevator car can be determined. In an alternative development, a duration and / or a number of trips of the elevator car can be determined.

In an advantageous embodiment, a state of the shell is determined. Again, there is the advantage that various important functions of the elevator installation can be checked by determining the condition of the shell. In an exemplary development, contamination of the mantle surface and / or wear of the mantle surface and / or aging of the mantle surface can be determined.

In an advantageous embodiment, a state of the electrically conductive tension member is determined. This has the advantage that the usually invisible tensile carriers of the suspension element can be monitored within the Ummanteiung. In an exemplary development is a contact of the electrically conductive

Zugträgers with a grounded element and / or a fraction of a tension member determinable.

The method disclosed herein for determining a condition of at least one Component of an elevator system can be used in different types of elevator systems. For example, elevator systems with or without shaft, with or without counterweight or elevator systems with different

Translation ratios are used. Thus, any suspension means in an elevator installation which monitors a non-metallic shell which cooperates with a metallic traction surface of a traction sheave may be monitored by the method disclosed herein.

The invention will be explained symbolically and by way of example with reference to figures. Show it:

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an elevator system; and

Figure 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a support means; and

Figure 3a shows an exemplary embodiment of a support means; and

Figure 3b shows an exemplary embodiment of a support means.

1 schematically and by way of example illustrated elevator installation 40 includes an elevator car 41, a counterweight 42 and a support means 1 and a traction sheave 43 with associated drive motor 44. The traction sheave 43 drives the support means 1 and thus moves the elevator car 41 and the counterweight 42 gegengleich , The drive motor 44 is controlled by an elevator control 45. The cabin 41 is designed to receive people or goods and to transport between floors of a building. Cabin 41 and counterweight 42 are guided along guides (not shown), in the example the cab 41 and counterweight 42 are each suspended from idlers 46. The suspension element 1 is at a first

Fixed suspension means fastening device 47, and then first performed to the support roller 46 of the counterweight 42. Then the suspension element 1 is placed over the traction sheave 43, guided around the carrier foil 46 of the cabin 41, and finally connected by a second suspension means fastening device 47 with a fixed point. This means that the support means 1 with a higher speed corresponding to a transfer factor via the drive 43, 44 runs as the car 41 and counterweight 42 move. In the example, the wrap factor is 2: 1.

A loose end LI of the suspension element 1 is provided with a contacting device 2 for temporary or permanent electrical contacting of the tension members. In the example shown at both ends 1.1 of the support means 1 such

Contacting device 2 is arranged. In an alternative embodiment, not shown, only one contacting device 2 is arranged on one of the support means ends 1.1, and the tension members on the other end of the support means 1.1 are electrically connected to each other. The Tragmittelenden 1.1 are no longer burdened by the tensile force in the suspension element 1, as this tensile force already above the

Tragmittelbefestigungsvorrichtungen 47 is directed into the building. The

In other words, contactors 2 are in a non-overrun area of the

Tragmittels 1 and outside the loaded area of the support means 1 arranged.

In the example, the contacting device 2 is connected at one end of the support means 1.1 with a monitoring device 3. The monitoring device 3 interconnects the electrically conductive tension members of the suspension element 1 as electrical conductors in an electrical circuit for determining an electrical parameter, which may be, for example, an electrical voltage and / or an electric current. The monitoring device 3 is also connected to the elevator control 45. This connection can be used, for example, as a parallel relay or as

Be formed bus system. This can be a signal or a reading from the

Monitoring device 3 is transmitted to the elevator control 45 in order to take into account the state of at least one component of the elevator installation 40, as determined by the monitoring device 3, in a control of the elevator 40.

The non-metallic jacket of the suspension element 1 interacts with the metallic traction surface of the traction sheave 43 when the elevator cage 41 is moving. In this case, a movement of the traction sheave 43 is transmitted by traction on the support means 1. This transfer creates an electrostatic effect, with the metal traction sheave giving off electrons to the non-metallic belt sheath. As a result, different charges can form in the affected elements of the elevator installation 40. In this case, the electrical voltage which is in the jacket of the suspension element. 1 builds up, via an electrically conductive element, which is also located in the support means 1, discharged. This electrical voltage in the suspension element 1 or its discharge via the electrically conductive element can now be determined by the monitoring device 3. On the basis of this determined parameter of the electrostatic effect, a state of a component of the elevator installation 40 to be monitored can now be determined.

For example, it has been found in experiments that a driving state of the car, such as a driving speed of the car 41, has a direct influence on a characteristic based on the electrostatic effect. As a result, it is possible to deduce a driving speed of the elevator car 41 by ascertaining such a parameter.

Furthermore, it has been shown that even a voltage of the suspension element 1 has a direct influence on parameters based on the electrostatic effect. If a support means 1, for example, slackened, which by pinning or placing the

Lift cage 41 or the counterweight 42 can happen, a characteristic of the electrostatic effect is smaller than normal loaded suspension elements. 1

Furthermore, a state of the jacket of the suspension element 1 also has a direct influence on a characteristic value based on the electrostatic effect. If, for example, this jacket is brittle or filthy, this has a direct influence on the transfer of electrons from the traction sheave 43 to the jacket of the suspension element 1. Here too, a determined parameter can then be used to deduce a state of the jacket of the support element 1.

Furthermore, a state of tension members, which are arranged in a casing of the suspension element 1, can be determined. Since the tension members of the suspension element 1 as electrical conductors for determining a characteristic in connection with the

electrostatic effect can be used, for example, an interruption of such an electrical conductor or a ground fault of such an electrical conductor with a grounded component of the elevator system 40 can be detected. Thus, by determining a parameter in connection with the electrostatic effect in an indirect manner to a state of the tensile carriers in the suspension element. 1 be closed back.

FIG. 2 shows a section of an exemplary embodiment of a suspension element 1. The Tragmittei 1 comprises a plurality of mutually parallel electrically conductive tension members 5, which are enveloped by a jacket 6. To the electric

Contacting the tension members 5, the jacket 6, for example, be pierced or removed, or the tension members 5 can also frontally of a

Contacting device 2 are electrically contacted.

In this example, the suspension element is equipped with longitudinal ribs on a traction side. Such longitudinal ribs improve traction sve rh old of the support means 1 on the traction sheave 43 and also facilitate lateral guidance of the support means 1 on the traction sheave 43. However, the support means 1 can also be designed differently, for example without longitudinal ribs, or with a different number or other

Arrangement of the tension members 5. It is essential for the invention that the tension members 5 are designed to be electrically conductive.

FIG. 3 a shows a cross section of a further exemplary embodiment of a suspension element 1. The Tragmittei 1 comprises an electrically non-conductive tension member 5, for example a rope made of synthetic fibers, which is enveloped by a jacket 6. In the electrically non-conductive tension member 5, an indicator element 7 is arranged, which is formed electrically conductive. For electrical contacting of the indicator element 7 of the jacket 6 and the tension member 5, for example

can be pierced or removed, or the indicator element 7 can also be electrically contacted end face of a contacting device 2.

FIG. 3b shows a cross section of a further exemplary embodiment of a suspension element 1. The suspension element 1 comprises two electrically conductive tension members 5, which are enveloped by a jacket 6. In this case, a tension member 5 is advantageously carried out in S-blow and the other tension member 5 in Z-stroke. This ensures that lift the directions of impact, so that the support means is not rotated under load from the groove of the traction sheave. For electrical contacting of the tension members 5, the jacket 6 can be pierced or removed, for example, or the tension members 5 can also be electrically contacted on the face side by a contacting device 2.

Claims

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1. A method for determining a state of at least one component (1, 5, 6, 41) of an elevator installation (40), wherein the elevator installation (40) comprises a support means (1) with at least one tension member (5), which of a non-metallic shell (6), and wherein the support means (1) is guided over a traction sheave (43) having a metallic traction surface, the method comprising:

Determining at least one characteristic based on an electrostatic effect, which is caused by a friction of the non-metallic shell (6) on the traction sheave (43) with the metallic traction surface when driving the elevator installation (40); and

Determining a state of the component (1, 5, 6, 41) of the elevator installation (40) on the basis of the detected parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the support means (1) comprises at least one electrically conductive element (5, 7),

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the tension member (5) comprises plastic fibers, and wherein in the support means (1) an indicator element (7) is arranged.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the tension member (5) comprises an electrically conductive material.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein an electrical voltage and / or an electrical current in the electrically conductive element (5, 7) is determined as the characteristic variable.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a

Loading condition of the support means (1) is determined.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the determination of the

Loading condition of the support means (1) slackening a Tragmittelspaiinung is recognizable.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the elevator installation (40) comprises two or more support means (1), and wherein by determining the load condition of the support means (1) a distribution of the load on the two or more support means (1) can be seen.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a driving condition of an elevator car (41) is determined.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein a travel speed of the elevator car (41) can be determined.

1 1. The method of claim 9, wherein a duration and / or a number of

Rides of the elevator car (41) can be determined.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a state of the jacket (6) is determined.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein contamination of the mantle surface and / or wear of the mantle surface and / or aging of the

Sheath surface is determined.

14. The method of claim 4, wherein a state of the electrically conductive

Zugträgers (5) is determined.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein a contact of the electrically conductive tension member (5) with a grounded element and / or a break of a tension member (5) can be determined.