EP3194873A1 - Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger

Info

Publication number
EP3194873A1
EP3194873A1 EP15760184.0A EP15760184A EP3194873A1 EP 3194873 A1 EP3194873 A1 EP 3194873A1 EP 15760184 A EP15760184 A EP 15760184A EP 3194873 A1 EP3194873 A1 EP 3194873A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
heat exchanger
spacer element
transfer block
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15760184.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3194873B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Hirsch
Michael Moser
Nic Sautter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3194873A1 publication Critical patent/EP3194873A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3194873B1 publication Critical patent/EP3194873B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/126Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2240/00Spacing means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/14Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/14Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded
    • F28F2255/143Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes molded injection molded

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat transfer block and at least one collecting box with a tubesheet, wherein the heat transfer block is formed of a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, and the tubes with one of its end portions in the fluid-tight Tube bottom of the collection box are added. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger.
  • heat exchangers are used for cooling or for heating fluids, by means of which a heat transfer between a first fluid and a second fluid is caused.
  • the tubes, corrugated fin members, and tube sheets are made of a metallic material in some known embodiments.
  • the lid-like elements are made either of a metallic material, such as aluminum, or of a plastic.
  • a disadvantage of the heat exchangers known in the prior art is, in particular, that because of the large number of variants, pipes with different geometries are used, the pipes are arranged at different distances from one another and the number of pipes used also varies. Therefore, it is difficult to use modular components for the production of heat exchangers, whereby the production of the heat exchanger is complex and expensive.
  • heat exchangers are further known, which have a collecting box, which is formed of plastic and molded directly onto the tubes and the corrugated fin elements.
  • a disadvantage of the known heat exchangers with a molded collection box is in particular that the heat transfer block formed from tubes and corrugated fin elements is not sufficiently protected against contact with plastic during the injection process. Also, the sensitive corrugated fin elements are not adequately protected against the pressures arising during the injection process so that damage, in particular of the corrugated fin elements, can occur.
  • the heat exchanger with a molded collection box therefore often have only a very small number of tubes, whereby the performance of the heat exchanger is severely limited. Summary of the invention, task, solution benefits
  • An embodiment of the invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat transfer block and at least one collecting box with a tubesheet, wherein the heat transfer block is formed from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, and the tubes with one of its end portions fluid- are closely housed in the tube sheet of the collecting tank, wherein the tube bottom of the header box is formed of plastic and molded onto the heat transfer block by injection molding, between the collecting box and the heat transfer block, a spacer element is arranged, through which the tubes are passed, wherein the corrugated fin elements the spacer element are spaced from the tube bottom of the header tank.
  • the tubes and corrugated fin members are bonded together from a metallic material and by a brazing process or a welding process.
  • the tubes and the corrugated fin elements may also be held by a tooling device until sufficient molding is produced between the elements by injection of the tube bottom of the collection box.
  • the heat exchanger may have only one collecting box or, in an alternative embodiment, two collecting boxes. With only one collection box, the tubes may either be accommodated in the end thereof, while the respective other end-side region is accommodated in a different structure, or the tubes may be U-shaped, for example, so that the tubes are respectively received with both end-side regions in the one collecting box.
  • the tube plate of the collecting box is advantageously made of plastic and molded onto the heat transfer block by injection molding.
  • the tube bottom of the header can be generated quickly and easily and in particular can be easily adapted to different heat exchangers, For this purpose, only the mold for the production of angepritztten tube bottom of the header box must be adjusted.
  • the tube plate of the collecting box or the collecting box or the heat exchanger can therefore be produced in a simple manner in a high variety of variants.
  • a spacer element is arranged between the heat transfer block and the tubesheet of the header tank. This mainly fulfills a separation function and a protective function.
  • the spacer element is advantageously prevented that the plastic of the tube plate of the collecting tank penetrates between the corrugated fin elements and this damaged.
  • the heat transfer block is protected by the spacer from the high pressures that may arise during injection molding of the plastic and in particular could damage the partially thin-walled tubes and also very thin-walled corrugated fin elements.
  • the spacer element is formed by a perforated plate, which has recesses which correspond with the tubes in the heat transfer block such that they project precisely through the recesses.
  • a design of the spacer element as a perforated plate is particularly advantageous, since in this way on the one hand, the tubes can be guided with one of their end portions through the Distan- zelement, while the corrugated fin elements are otherwise covered by the spacer element. This allows the sam- melkasten be molded onto theticianschreibungsbiock without damaging the corrugated fin elements.
  • the recesses of the spacer element are preferably formed with only a small clearance relative to the tubes in order to allow the most accurate fit of the tubes in the spacer element. This is particularly advantageous in order to prevent plastic from penetrating between the tubes and the recesses during the injection molding of the tube bottom of the collecting box, as a result of which the corrugated rib elements are damaged. It is also preferable if the tubesheet of the header tank is injection-molded onto the heat transfer block with a plastic injection method. A plastic injection molding process is particularly advantageous for the production of the tube bottom of the collecting box, since on the one hand it allows a high freedom of shaping and on the other hand enables the production of a collecting box with a sufficiently high compressive strength.
  • the tubes have an at least partially circumferential notch at the end and / or are roughened on the end side.
  • An at least partially circumferential notch and / or a surface-pretreated and / or coated, such as roughened, end region are advantageous in order to produce a better connection between the tubes and the molded tube bottom of the collecting box.
  • the notch may form an edge which is engaged behind by a portion of the tube bottom of the header, whereby the connection is improved.
  • the heat exchanger has two manifolds, wherein the tubes each end in one of the manifolds and fluid-tight are connected thereto, wherein between each of the collecting tanks and the heat transfer block, a spacer element is arranged.
  • a heat exchanger with two collecting tanks opposite each other, which are fluidly connected to one another by the tubes of the heat transfer block.
  • the heat exchanger can be flowed through conventionally from a collecting tank through the pipes to the opposite collection box.
  • a single or multiple recirculation of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger can be achieved, as a result of which different flow-through principles can be produced.
  • the different flow-through principles essentially correspond to the flow-through principles of the heat exchangers of conventional design.
  • the collecting box is bounded on all sides by the injection-molded plastic.
  • the spacer element is not fluid-tightly connected to the tubes.
  • the spacer thus forms a surface to which the tube sheet of the header tank is molded.
  • the tubesheet of the collection box is preferably connected to the projecting through the spacer tube sections, whereby the tubesheet of the header is connected directly to the heat transfer block and the tubes are fluid-tightly connected to the tube bottom of the header box.
  • the tubes and / or the tube bottom of the collecting tank can be generated a cohesive and / or positive connection between the tubes and the tube sheet of the header box.
  • the spacer element forms a reinforcement of the heat transfer block facing bottom region of the header tank, wherein the spacer element is positively and / or materially connected to the collection box.
  • the spacer element which may for example be formed of a metallic material, form a reinforcement of the heat transfer block facing bottom region of the collecting tank. This increases the stability of the collecting tank and thus also the durability of the heat exchanger.
  • the spacer element can have, for example, shoulders, edges or roughened areas which improve the connection between the plastic of the collecting tank and the spacer element.
  • the spacer element is soldered to the tubes and / or the corrugated fin elements and / or welded and / or jammed and / or glued. Depending on the choice of material of the spacer element this can be connected to the tubes and / or the corrugated fin elements, whereby the overall strength of the heat exchanger can be increased.
  • An embodiment of the invention relates.
  • a method for producing a heat exchanger wherein a heat transfer block is produced from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, wherein on the tubes end a spacer element is placed and the tubesheet of the header is molded integrally to the heat transfer block and / or the spacer element.
  • the heat transfer block may preferably be produced in a conventional manner by, for example, soldering the tubes to the corrugated fin elements.
  • an independent component is produced which deliberately continues to process can be processed.
  • the placement of the spacer element is advantageous in order to prevent damage to the corrugated rib elements due to plastic components occurring during the subsequent injection molding of the tube bottom of the collecting tank.
  • the tube bottom of the collecting tank is advantageously injection-molded onto the heat transfer block in such a way that a fluid-tight and pressure-tight connection is produced between the tube ends projecting through the spacer element and the interior of the molded tube bottom of the collecting box.
  • the tubes penetrate the spacer element by means of shaped, precisely fitting recesses and the corrugated rib elements are completely covered by the spacer element. This is particularly advantageous in order to achieve a play-free as possible seat of the spacer element on the heat transfer block and to avoid the injection of plastic in the filled by the corrugated fins area.
  • the tube plate of the collecting box is molded onto the tubes projecting through the spacer element, wherein the tube plate of the collecting box is connected to the projecting sections of the tubes and / or the spacer element materially and / or positively.
  • the collecting box is formed or closed by connecting a tube bottom of the collecting box with a cover of the collecting box.
  • the tubesheet and the lid can be made separately and connected to each other or they can be made together by injection molding.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a sectional view through an end region of a heat transfer block, wherein the tubes open into a tubesheet of the header tank molded onto the heat transfer block and a spacer element is arranged between the tubesheet of the header tank and the corrugated rib elements, and FIGS.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a spacer element, as used in FIG. 1 for spacing the tube bottom of the collecting box from the corrugated rib elements.
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 has a heat transfer block 7 which is formed by a plurality of tubes 2 and interposed corrugated fin elements 3.
  • the heat transfer block 7 is of conventional design, wherein the tubes 2 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other. In the spaces between the tubes 2, the corrugated fin elements 3 are arranged and are in thermally conductive contact with the tubes. 2
  • the tubes 2 have a longer extension than the corrugated rib elements 3, therefore the corrugated rib elements 3 laterally project out of the heat transfer block 7.
  • a spacer element 4 is placed, soft has a plurality of recesses 6.
  • the tubes 2 protrude through the recesses 6.
  • the cross sections of the recesses 6 are adapted to the cross sections of the tubes 2, whereby a play-free fit of the spacer element 4 is achieved on the tubes 2.
  • the spacer element 4 or the recesses 6 is / are adapted to the arrangement of the tubes 2 within the heat transfer block 7.
  • a collecting box 5 is connected to a tube plate 8, which is produced by a spraying process.
  • the tube plate 8 of the header 5 is molded directly onto the heat transfer block 7.
  • the tube plate 8 of the header 5 is injected around the projecting through the spacer 4 sections of the tubes 2, whereby depending on the design of the tubes 2, a positive and / or cohesive connection is generated.
  • the spacer 4 may also be completely or partially encapsulated by the plastic of the tube plate 8 of the header 5, whereby also a positive and / or cohesive connection is generated.
  • the spacer element 4 can either be attached only to the tubes 2 of the heat transfer block or be connected to the tubes 2 and / or the corrugated rib elements 3. This can be achieved, inter alia, by conventional joining methods, such as welding or soldering.
  • the main task of the spacer element 4 is to prevent plastic from penetrating into the region of the corrugated fin elements 3 during the injection process, in which the collecting box 5 or the tube plate 8 of the collecting box 5 is formed, where it causes damage or clogging of the corrugated fin elements 3. It can be joined together with a lid to the collection box 5 in a separate embodiment of the tube sheet 8.
  • the collection box 5 is shown in Figure 1 as a cuboid body which receives the end regions of the tubes 2 of the heat transfer block 7.
  • the tube sheet 8 of the collecting tank 5 and Also, the collection box 5 take other forms, in particular, the shape of the tube sheet 8 and the collecting tank 5 is to be adapted to the intended use.
  • the collecting box 5 may be formed inside by a single section or divided into several sections by partitions, which are co-produced during the injection process.
  • a change in the shape of the collecting box 5 and / or the tube bottom 8 can be achieved by a simple influencing of the tool used for spraying the plastic.
  • a suitable tool and the spacer element 4 By using a suitable tool and the spacer element 4, a functional heat exchanger 1 can be generated, which can be generated in particular without damaging the heat transfer block 7 with the best possible utilization of the available installation space, in particular in the region of the heat transfer block 7.
  • complex sealing work and additional sealing elements are not necessary, since the tube sheet 8 of the collecting tank 5 is integrally formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a spacer element 4.
  • the spacer element 4 has a rectangular plate-shaped form.
  • several recesses 6 are arranged, which serve to pass through the end regions of the tubes 2.
  • the recesses 6 are, as already mentioned, adapted to the arrangement of the tubes 2 and have a cross section which corresponds to the outer diameters of the tubes 2 such that the smallest possible clearance between the spacer element 4 and the tubes 2 is generated.
  • the dashes 3 indicate the corrugated fins 3 arranged behind the spacer element 4.
  • the spacer element 4 may be formed of the same material as the tubes 2 and the corrugated fins 3 or also of a plastic, such as the tube plate 8 of the header 5.
  • the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 are exemplary and illustrate the inventive idea. They have in particular with regard to the shape, the choice of materials and the design of the individual elements not restrictive character.
  • the heat transfer block 7 can be designed differently from the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in a variety of ways by the tubes and / or corrugated fins are designed differently and the arrangement is different relative to each other.

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat exchanger block (7) and at least one collection box (5) with a tube plate (8). The heat exchanger block (7) is made of a plurality of adjacent tubes (2) and corrugated rib elements (3) arranged between the tubes, and one of the end regions of the tubes (2) is received in the tube plate (8) of the collection box (5) in a fluid-tight manner. The tube plate (8) of the collection box (5) is made of plastic and is injection molded onto the heat exchanger block (7). A spacer element (4) through which the tubes (2) are guided is arranged between the tube plate (8) of the collection box (5) and the heat exchanger block (7), and the corrugated rib elements (3) are spaced from the tube plate (8) of the collection box (5) by the spacer (4). The invention further relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger (1).

Description

Wärmeübertrager und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers  Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger
Beschreibung Technisches Gebiet Description Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem Wärmeübertragungsblock und mit zumindest einem Sammelkasten mit einem Rohrboden, wobei der Wärmeübertragungsblock aus einer Mehrzahl von zueinander be- nachbarten Rohren und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen gebildet ist, und die Rohre mit einem ihrer Endbereiche fluiddicht in den Rohrboden des Sammelkasten aufgenommen sind. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers. The invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat transfer block and at least one collecting box with a tubesheet, wherein the heat transfer block is formed of a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, and the tubes with one of its end portions in the fluid-tight Tube bottom of the collection box are added. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a heat exchanger.
Stand der Technik State of the art
In Kraftfahrzeugen werden zur Kühlung oder zur Erwärmung von Fluiden Wärmeübertrager eingesetzt, mittels welchem ein Wärmeübertrag zwischen einem ersten Fluid und einem zweiten Fluid hervorgerufen wird. In motor vehicles, heat exchangers are used for cooling or for heating fluids, by means of which a heat transfer between a first fluid and a second fluid is caused.
Im Stand der Technik sind vielfältige Bauformen von Wärmeübertragern bekannt geworden. Zu den bekannten Bauformen zählen unter anderem auch Wärmeübertrager, die einen sogenannten Rohr-Rippen Aufbau aufweisen. Bei solchen Bauformen werden bei einer Mehrzahl von Rohren die Rohrenden endseitig in Öffnungen eines Rohrbodens aufgenommen, welcher wiederum mit einem deckelartigen Element zu einem Sammelkasten verbunden wird. Zwischen den Rohren können Wellrippenelemente angeordnet sein, die den Wärmeübertrag zwischen einem in den Rohren strömenden Fluid und einem die Rohre umströmenden Fluid begünstigen. In the prior art various designs of heat exchangers have become known. Among the known types include, among other heat exchangers, which have a so-called pipe-rib structure. In such designs, the pipe ends are received at the end in openings of a tube plate in a plurality of tubes, which in turn with a lid-like element to a collection box is connected. Corrugated fin elements can be arranged between the tubes, which promote the heat transfer between a fluid flowing in the tubes and a fluid flowing around the tubes.
Die Rohre, die Wellrippenelemente und die Rohrböden sind in einigen bekannten Ausführungsformen aus einem metallischen Werkstoff hergestellt. Die deckelartigen Elemente sind dabei entweder aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, wie Aluminium, oder aus einem Kunststoff hergestellt. The tubes, corrugated fin members, and tube sheets are made of a metallic material in some known embodiments. The lid-like elements are made either of a metallic material, such as aluminum, or of a plastic.
Nachteilig an den im Stand der Technik bekannten Wärmeübertragern ist insbeson- dere, dass aufgrund der hohen Variantenvielfalt Rohre mit unterschiedlichen Geometrien verwendet werden, die Rohre in unterschiedlichen Abständen zueinander angeordnet werden und die Anzahl der verwendeten Rohre auch variiert. Daher ist es nur schwer möglich modulare Bauteile für die Erzeugung der Wärmeübertrager zu verwenden, wodurch die Fertigung der Wärmeübertrager aufwändig und teuer ist. A disadvantage of the heat exchangers known in the prior art is, in particular, that because of the large number of variants, pipes with different geometries are used, the pipes are arranged at different distances from one another and the number of pipes used also varies. Therefore, it is difficult to use modular components for the production of heat exchangers, whereby the production of the heat exchanger is complex and expensive.
Im Stand der Technik sind weiterhin Wärmeübertrager bekannt, welche einen Sammelkasten aufweisen, der aus Kunststoff ausgebildet ist und direkt an die Rohre und die Wellrippenelemente angespritzt ist. Nachteilig an den bekannten Wärmeübertragern mit einem angespritzten Sammelkasten ist insbesondere, dass der aus Rohren und Wellrippenelementen gebildete Wärmeübertragungsblock nicht ausreichend gegen den Kontakt mit Kunststoff während des Spritzvorgangs geschützt ist. Auch sind die empfindlichen Wellrippenelemente nicht ausreichend gegen die beim Spritzvorgang entstehenden Drücke ge- schützt, so dass es zu Beschädigungen insbesondere der Wellrippenelemente kommen kann. Die Wärmeübertrager mit einem angespritzten Sammelkasten weisen daher oft nur eine sehr geringe Anzahl von Rohren auf, wodurch die Leistungsfähigkeit des Wärmeübertragers stark limitiert ist. Darstellung der Erfindung, Aufgabe,, Lösung, Vorteile In the prior art heat exchangers are further known, which have a collecting box, which is formed of plastic and molded directly onto the tubes and the corrugated fin elements. A disadvantage of the known heat exchangers with a molded collection box is in particular that the heat transfer block formed from tubes and corrugated fin elements is not sufficiently protected against contact with plastic during the injection process. Also, the sensitive corrugated fin elements are not adequately protected against the pressures arising during the injection process so that damage, in particular of the corrugated fin elements, can occur. The heat exchanger with a molded collection box therefore often have only a very small number of tubes, whereby the performance of the heat exchanger is severely limited. Summary of the invention, task, solution benefits
Daher ist es die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung einen Wärmeübertrager zu schaffen, welcher gegenüber dem Stand der Technik verbessert ist und Mittel aufweist, welche den aus Rohren und Wellrippenelementen gebildeten Wärmeübertra- gungsblock während des Spritzvorgangs gegen den Kunststoff und den entstehenden Arbeitsdruck schützen. Außerdem ist es die Aufgabe ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers zu schaffen. Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger, which is improved over the prior art and having means which protect the heat transfer block formed from tubes and corrugated elements during the injection process against the plastic and the resulting working pressure. It is also an object to provide a method for producing a heat exchanger.
Die Aufgabe hinsichtlich des Wärmeübertragers wird durch einen Wärmeübertrager mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. The object with regard to the heat exchanger is achieved by a heat exchanger with the features of claim 1.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmeübertrager für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem Wärmeübertragungsblock und mit zumindest einem Sammelkasten mit einem Rohrboden, wobei der Wärmeübertragungsblock aus einer Mehrzahl von zueinander benachbart angeordneten Rohren und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen gebildet ist, und die Rohre mit einem ihrer Endbereiche fluid- dicht in den Rohrboden des Sammelkastens aufgenommen sind, wobei der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens aus Kunststoff gebildet ist und an den Wärmeübertragungsblock durch Spritzgießen angespritzt ist, wobei zwischen dem Sammelkasten und dem Wärmeübertragungsblock ein Distanzelement angeordnet ist, durch welches die Rohre hindurchgeführt sind, wobei die Wellrippenelemente durch das Distanzelement von dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens beabstandet sind. An embodiment of the invention relates to a heat exchanger for a motor vehicle, comprising a heat transfer block and at least one collecting box with a tubesheet, wherein the heat transfer block is formed from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, and the tubes with one of its end portions fluid- are closely housed in the tube sheet of the collecting tank, wherein the tube bottom of the header box is formed of plastic and molded onto the heat transfer block by injection molding, between the collecting box and the heat transfer block, a spacer element is arranged, through which the tubes are passed, wherein the corrugated fin elements the spacer element are spaced from the tube bottom of the header tank.
Die Rohre und die Wellrippenelemente sind aus einem metallischen Werkstoff und durch ein Lötverfahren oder ein Schweißverfahren miteinander verbunden. Alternativ können die Rohre und die Wellrippenelemente auch über eine Werkzeugvorrichtung gehalten werden, bis durch das Anspritzen des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens eine ausreichende Verbindung zwischen den Elementen erzeugt ist. Der Wärmeübertrager kann nur einen Sammelkasten aufweisen oder in einem alternativen Ausführungsbeispiel auch zwei Sammelkästen. Bei nur einem Sammelkasten können die Rohre entweder endseitig in diesen aufgenommen sein, während der jeweils andere endseitige Bereich in einer anderen Struktur aufgenommen ist, oder die Rohre können beispielsweisen U-förmig gestaltet sein, so dass die Rohre jeweils mit beiden endseitigen Bereichen in dem einen Sammelkasten aufgenommen sind. Der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten ist vorteilhafterweise aus Kunststoff gebildet und an den Wärmeübertragungsblock durch Spritzgießen angespritzt. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens schnell und einfach erzeugt werden kann und insbesondere einfach an unterschiedliche Wärmeübertrager angepasst werden kann, Hierzu muss lediglich das Formwerkzeug für die Erzeugung des ange- spritzten Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens angepasst werden. Der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten beziehungsweise der Sammelkasten oder der Wärmeübertrager kann daher auf einfache Weise in einer hohen Variantenvielfalt erzeugt werden. The tubes and corrugated fin members are bonded together from a metallic material and by a brazing process or a welding process. Alternatively, the tubes and the corrugated fin elements may also be held by a tooling device until sufficient molding is produced between the elements by injection of the tube bottom of the collection box. The heat exchanger may have only one collecting box or, in an alternative embodiment, two collecting boxes. With only one collection box For example, the tubes may either be accommodated in the end thereof, while the respective other end-side region is accommodated in a different structure, or the tubes may be U-shaped, for example, so that the tubes are respectively received with both end-side regions in the one collecting box. The tube plate of the collecting box is advantageously made of plastic and molded onto the heat transfer block by injection molding. This is particularly advantageous because the tube bottom of the header can be generated quickly and easily and in particular can be easily adapted to different heat exchangers, For this purpose, only the mold for the production of angepritztten tube bottom of the header box must be adjusted. The tube plate of the collecting box or the collecting box or the heat exchanger can therefore be produced in a simple manner in a high variety of variants.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn zwischen dem Wärmeübertragungsblock und dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens ein Distanzelement angeordnet ist. Dieses erfüllt hauptsächlich eine Trennungsfunktion und eine Schutzfunktion. Durch das Distanzelement wird vorteilhafterweise verhindert, dass der Kunststoff des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens zwischen die Wellrippenelemente dringt und diese beschädigt. Außerdem wird der Wärmeübertragungsblock durch das Distanzelement vor den hohen Drücken geschützt, die beim Anspritzen des Kunststoffs entstehen können und insbesondere die teilweise dünnwandigen Rohre und ebenfalls sehr dünnwandigen die Wellrippenelemente beschädigen könnten. It is particularly preferred if a spacer element is arranged between the heat transfer block and the tubesheet of the header tank. This mainly fulfills a separation function and a protective function. By the spacer element is advantageously prevented that the plastic of the tube plate of the collecting tank penetrates between the corrugated fin elements and this damaged. In addition, the heat transfer block is protected by the spacer from the high pressures that may arise during injection molding of the plastic and in particular could damage the partially thin-walled tubes and also very thin-walled corrugated fin elements.
Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Distanzelement durch ein Lochblech gebildet ist, welches Aussparungen aufweist, die mit den Rohren im Wärmeübertragungsblock derart korrespondieren, dass diese passgenau durch die Aussparungen ragen. It is also advantageous if the spacer element is formed by a perforated plate, which has recesses which correspond with the tubes in the heat transfer block such that they project precisely through the recesses.
Eine Ausbildung des Distanzelementes als Lochblech ist besonders vorteilhaft, da auf diese Weise einerseits die Rohre mit einem ihrer Endbereiche durch das Distan- zelement geführt werden können, während die Wellrippenelemente ansonsten von dem Distanzelement überdeckt werden. Damit kann auf einfache Weise der Sam- melkasten an den Wärmeübertragungsbiock angespritzt werden, ohne dabei die Wellrippenelemente zu beschädigen. A design of the spacer element as a perforated plate is particularly advantageous, since in this way on the one hand, the tubes can be guided with one of their end portions through the Distan- zelement, while the corrugated fin elements are otherwise covered by the spacer element. This allows the sam- melkasten be molded onto the Wärmeübertragungsbiock without damaging the corrugated fin elements.
Die Aussparungen des Distanzelementes sind bevorzugt mit nur geringem Spiel gegenüber den Rohren ausgebildet, um einen möglichst passgenauen Sitz der Rohre in dem Distanzelement zu ermöglichen. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, um zu verhindern, dass während des Anspritzens des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens Kunststoff zwischen den Rohren und den Aussparungen hindurch dringt und dadurch die Wellrippenelemente beschädigt werden. Auch ist es zu bevorzugen, wenn der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens an den Wärmeübertragungsbiock mit einem Kunststoff-Spritzverfahren angespritzt ist. Ein Kunststoff-Spritzverfahren ist besonders vorteilhaft für die Erzeugung des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens, da es einerseits eine hohe Formgebungsfreiheit ermöglicht und andererseits die Erzeugung eines Sammelkastens mit einer ausreichend hohen Druckfestigkeit ermöglicht. The recesses of the spacer element are preferably formed with only a small clearance relative to the tubes in order to allow the most accurate fit of the tubes in the spacer element. This is particularly advantageous in order to prevent plastic from penetrating between the tubes and the recesses during the injection molding of the tube bottom of the collecting box, as a result of which the corrugated rib elements are damaged. It is also preferable if the tubesheet of the header tank is injection-molded onto the heat transfer block with a plastic injection method. A plastic injection molding process is particularly advantageous for the production of the tube bottom of the collecting box, since on the one hand it allows a high freedom of shaping and on the other hand enables the production of a collecting box with a sufficiently high compressive strength.
Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Rohre endseitig eine zumindest teilweise umlaufende Kerbe aufweisen und/oder endseitig aufgeraut sind. Eine zumindest teilweise umlaufende Kerbe und/oder ein oberflächenvorbehandelter und/oder beschichteter, wie beispielsweise auch aufgerauter, Endbereich sind vorteilhaft, um eine bessere Verbindung zwischen den Rohren und dem angespritzten Rohrboden des Sammelkastens zu erzeugen. Die Kerbe kann eine Kante ausbilden, welche von einem Teilbereich des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens hintergriffen wird, wodurch die Verbindung verbessert wird. Durch eine Rauheit am Rohrendbereich kann die Verzahnung zwischen dem Kunststoff des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens und den Rohren verbessert werden. Moreover, it is advantageous if the tubes have an at least partially circumferential notch at the end and / or are roughened on the end side. An at least partially circumferential notch and / or a surface-pretreated and / or coated, such as roughened, end region are advantageous in order to produce a better connection between the tubes and the molded tube bottom of the collecting box. The notch may form an edge which is engaged behind by a portion of the tube bottom of the header, whereby the connection is improved. By a roughness at the pipe end region, the toothing between the plastic of the tube bottom of the collecting tank and the pipes can be improved.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Wärmeübertrager zwei Sammelkästen aufweist, wobei die Rohre jeweils endseitig in einen der Sammelkästen münden und fluiddicht mit diesem verbunden sind, wobei zwischen jedem der Sammelkästen und dem Wärmeübertragungsblock ein Distanzelement angeordnet ist. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the heat exchanger has two manifolds, wherein the tubes each end in one of the manifolds and fluid-tight are connected thereto, wherein between each of the collecting tanks and the heat transfer block, a spacer element is arranged.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist ein Wärmeübertrager mit zwei sich gegenüberliegenden Sammelkästen, welche fluidtechnisch durch die Rohre des Wärmeübertragungsblo- ckes miteinander verbunden sind. Der Wärmeübertrager kann dadurch konventionell von einem Sammelkasten durch die Rohre zum gegenüberliegenden Sammelkasten durchströmt werden. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Sammelkästen kann auf diese Weise auch eine einfache oder mehrfache Umienkung des durch den Wärmeübertrager strömenden Fluids erreicht werden, wodurch unterschiedliche Durchströmungsprin- zipien erzeugt werden können. Die unterschiedlichen Durchströmungsprinzipien entsprechen dabei im Wesentlichen den Durchströmungsprinzipien der Wärmeübertrager konventioneller Bauart. Particularly advantageous is a heat exchanger with two collecting tanks opposite each other, which are fluidly connected to one another by the tubes of the heat transfer block. The heat exchanger can be flowed through conventionally from a collecting tank through the pipes to the opposite collection box. Depending on the configuration of the collecting boxes, in this way a single or multiple recirculation of the fluid flowing through the heat exchanger can be achieved, as a result of which different flow-through principles can be produced. The different flow-through principles essentially correspond to the flow-through principles of the heat exchangers of conventional design.
Auch ist es zweckmäßig, wenn das Distanzelement auf der dem Wärmübertragungs- block abgewandten Seite mit Kunststoff, welcher den Rohrboden des Sammelkastens bildet, überspritzt ist, wobei die Rohre mit dem angespritzten Rohrboden des Sammelkastens stoffschlüssig und/oder formschlüssig verbunden sind. It is also expedient if the spacer element on the side facing away from the heat transfer block with plastic, which forms the tube sheet of the collecting tank, is over-injected, wherein the tubes are materially and / or positively connected to the molded-tube bottom of the collecting tank.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn der Sammelkasten allseitig durch den angespritz- ten Kunststoff begrenzt wird. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn das Distanzelement nicht fluiddicht mit den Rohren verbunden ist. Das Distanzelement bildet somit eine Fläche aus, an welche der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens angespritzt wird. Der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten ist dabei jedoch bevorzugt mit den durch das Distanzelement ragenden Rohrabschnitten verbunden, wodurch der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens direkt an den Wärmeübertragungsblock angebunden ist und die Rohre fluiddicht mit dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens verbunden sind. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Rohre und/oder des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens kann dabei eine stoffschlüssige und/oder formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen den Rohren und dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens erzeugt werden. Darüber hinaus ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Distanzelement eine Verstärkung des dem Wärmeübertragungsblock zugewandten Bodenbereichs des Sammelkastens bildet, wobei das Distanzelement formschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig mit dem Sammelkasten verbunden ist. In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung kann das Distanzelement, welches beispielsweise aus einem metallischen Werkstoff gebildet sein kann, eine Verstärkung des dem Wärmeübertragungsblock zugewandten Bodenbereichs des Sammelkastens bilden. Dies erhöht die Stabilität des Sammelkastens und somit auch die Dauerhaltbarkeit des Wärmeübertragers. Das Distanzelement kann hierzu beispielsweise Absätze, Kanten oder aufgeraute Bereiche aufweisen, welche die Verbindung zwischen dem Kunststoff des Sammelkastens und dem Distanzelement verbessern. It is particularly advantageous if the collecting box is bounded on all sides by the injection-molded plastic. This is particularly advantageous if the spacer element is not fluid-tightly connected to the tubes. The spacer thus forms a surface to which the tube sheet of the header tank is molded. However, the tubesheet of the collection box is preferably connected to the projecting through the spacer tube sections, whereby the tubesheet of the header is connected directly to the heat transfer block and the tubes are fluid-tightly connected to the tube bottom of the header box. Depending on the configuration of the tubes and / or the tube bottom of the collecting tank can be generated a cohesive and / or positive connection between the tubes and the tube sheet of the header box. Moreover, it is advantageous if the spacer element forms a reinforcement of the heat transfer block facing bottom region of the header tank, wherein the spacer element is positively and / or materially connected to the collection box. In an advantageous embodiment, the spacer element, which may for example be formed of a metallic material, form a reinforcement of the heat transfer block facing bottom region of the collecting tank. This increases the stability of the collecting tank and thus also the durability of the heat exchanger. For this purpose, the spacer element can have, for example, shoulders, edges or roughened areas which improve the connection between the plastic of the collecting tank and the spacer element.
Weiterhin ist es zweckmäßig, wenn das Distanzelement mit den Rohren und/oder den Wellrippenelementen verlötet und/oder verschweißt und/oder verklemmt und/oder verklebt ist. Je nach Materialwahl des Distanzelementes kann dieses mit den Rohren und/oder den Wellrippenelementen verbunden werden, wodurch insgesamt die Festigkeit des Wärmeübertragers erhöht werden kann. Furthermore, it is expedient if the spacer element is soldered to the tubes and / or the corrugated fin elements and / or welded and / or jammed and / or glued. Depending on the choice of material of the spacer element this can be connected to the tubes and / or the corrugated fin elements, whereby the overall strength of the heat exchanger can be increased.
Die Aufgabe hinsichtlich des Verfahrens wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 9 gelöst. The object with regard to the method is achieved by a method having the features of claim 9.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung betrifft. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers, wobei ein Wärmeübertragungsblock aus einer Mehrzahl von zueinander benachbarten Rohren und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen erzeugt wird, wobei auf die Rohre endseitig ein Distanzelement aufgelegt wird und der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens an den Wärmeübertragungsblock und/oder das Distanzelement einteilig angespritzt wird. An embodiment of the invention relates. A method for producing a heat exchanger, wherein a heat transfer block is produced from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes and interposed corrugated fin elements, wherein on the tubes end a spacer element is placed and the tubesheet of the header is molded integrally to the heat transfer block and / or the spacer element.
Der Wärmeübertragungsblock kann bevorzugt auf konventionelle Weise erzeugt werden, indem die Rohre mit den Wellrippenelementen beispielsweise verlötet werden. Es wird somit ein eigenständiges Bauteil erzeugt, welches gezielt weiterverar- beitet werden kann. Das Auflegen des Distanzelementes ist vorteilhaft, um zu verhindern, dass während des nachfolgenden Anspritzens des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens eine Beschädigung der Wellrippenelemente durch Kunststoffanteile entstehen kann. Der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens ist vorteilhafterweise derart an den Wärmeübertragungsblock angespritzt, dass eine fluiddichte und druckdichte Verbin- dung zwischen den durch das Distanzelement durchragenden Rohrenden und dem Inneren des angespritzten Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens erzeugt wird. The heat transfer block may preferably be produced in a conventional manner by, for example, soldering the tubes to the corrugated fin elements. Thus, an independent component is produced which deliberately continues to process can be processed. The placement of the spacer element is advantageous in order to prevent damage to the corrugated rib elements due to plastic components occurring during the subsequent injection molding of the tube bottom of the collecting tank. The tube bottom of the collecting tank is advantageously injection-molded onto the heat transfer block in such a way that a fluid-tight and pressure-tight connection is produced between the tube ends projecting through the spacer element and the interior of the molded tube bottom of the collecting box.
Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Rohre das Distanzelement durch eingeformte passgenaue Aussparungen durchdringen und die Wellrippenelemente durch das Distan- zelement vollständig überdeckt sind. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, um einen möglichst spielfreien Sitz des Distanzelementes an dem Wärmeübertragungsblock zu erzielen und das Einspritzen von Kunststoff in den von den Wellrippenelementen ausgefüllten Bereich zu vermeiden. Weiterhin ist es zu bevorzugen, wenn der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten an die durch das Distanzelement durchragenden Rohre angespritzt wird, wobei der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten mit den durchragenden Abschnitten der Rohre und/oder dem Distanzelement stoffschlüssig und/oder formschlüssig verbunden wird. Dies ist besonders vorteilhaft, da gerade zwischen den Rohren und dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens eine fluiddichte und druckdichte Verbindung erzeugt werden muss, um die Funktionalität des Wärmeübertragers zu gewährleisten. Die Weilrippenelemente sind regelmäßig sehr feingliedrig ausgebildet, wodurch sie insbesondere gegenüber mechanischen Beeinträchtigungen sehr anfällig sind. Die Verbindung des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens mit dem Wärmeübertragungsblock sollte daher vorzugsweise nicht über die Wellrippenelemente erzeugt werden. It is also advantageous if the tubes penetrate the spacer element by means of shaped, precisely fitting recesses and the corrugated rib elements are completely covered by the spacer element. This is particularly advantageous in order to achieve a play-free as possible seat of the spacer element on the heat transfer block and to avoid the injection of plastic in the filled by the corrugated fins area. Furthermore, it is preferable if the tube plate of the collecting box is molded onto the tubes projecting through the spacer element, wherein the tube plate of the collecting box is connected to the projecting sections of the tubes and / or the spacer element materially and / or positively. This is particularly advantageous, since a fluid-tight and pressure-tight connection must be created between the tubes and the tubesheet of the header tank in order to ensure the functionality of the heat exchanger. The Weilrippenelemente are regularly formed very delicate, making them very vulnerable to mechanical damage in particular. The connection of the tube bottom of the collecting box with the heat transfer block should therefore preferably not be generated via the corrugated rib elements.
Der Sammelkasten wird durch Verbinden eines Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens mit einem Deckel des Sammelkastens gebildet bzw. verschlossen. Dabei können der Rohrboden und der Deckel getrennt hergestellt und miteinander verbunden sein oder sie können gemeinsam durch Spritzgießen hergestellt sein. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen und in der nachfolgenden Figurenbeschreibung beschrieben. The collecting box is formed or closed by connecting a tube bottom of the collecting box with a cover of the collecting box. In this case, the tubesheet and the lid can be made separately and connected to each other or they can be made together by injection molding. Advantageous developments of the present invention are described in the subclaims and in the following description of the figures.
Kurze Beschreibung der Zeichnungen Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen detailliert erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the following, the invention is explained in detail by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1 eine Schnittansicht durch einen Endbereich eines Wärmübertra- gungsblocks, wobei die Rohre in einen an den Wärmeübertra- gungsblock angespritzten Rohrboden des Sammelkastens münden und zwischen dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens und den Wellrippenelementen ein Distanzelement angeordnet ist, und 1 shows a sectional view through an end region of a heat transfer block, wherein the tubes open into a tubesheet of the header tank molded onto the heat transfer block and a spacer element is arranged between the tubesheet of the header tank and the corrugated rib elements, and FIGS
Fig. 2 eine Aufsicht auf ein Distanzelement, wie es in der Figur 1 zur Be- abstandung des Rohrbodens des Sammelkastens von den Wellrippenelementen verwendet wurde. 2 shows a plan view of a spacer element, as used in FIG. 1 for spacing the tube bottom of the collecting box from the corrugated rib elements.
Bevorzugte Ausführung der Erfindung Preferred embodiment of the invention
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine Schnittansicht durch einen Wärmeübertrager 1 . Der Wärmeübertrager 1 weist einen Wärmeübertragungsblock 7 auf, welcher durch eine Mehrzahl von Rohren 2 und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen 3 gebildet ist. Der Wärmeübertragungsblock 7 ist von konventioneller Bauart, wobei die Rohre 2 parallel zueinander und beabstandet zueinander angeordnet sind. In den Zwischenräumen zwischen den Rohren 2 sind die Wellrippenelemente 3 angeordnet und stehen in thermisch leitendem Kontakt mit den Rohren 2. FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a heat exchanger 1. The heat exchanger 1 has a heat transfer block 7 which is formed by a plurality of tubes 2 and interposed corrugated fin elements 3. The heat transfer block 7 is of conventional design, wherein the tubes 2 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced from each other. In the spaces between the tubes 2, the corrugated fin elements 3 are arranged and are in thermally conductive contact with the tubes. 2
Die Rohre 2 weisen eine längere Erstreckung auf als die Wellrippenelemente 3, da- her stehen die Wellrippenelemente 3 seitlich aus dem Wärmeübertragungsblock 7 hinaus. Auf die überstehenden Rohre 2 ist ein Distanzelement 4 aufgelegt, weiches eine Mehrzahl von Aussparungen 6 aufweist. Die Rohre 2 ragen durch die Aussparungen 6 hindurch. Die Querschnitte der Aussparungen 6 sind an die Querschnitte der Rohre 2 angepasst, wodurch ein spielfreier Sitz des Distanzelementes 4 an den Rohren 2 erreicht wird. Das Distanzelement 4 beziehungsweise die Aussparungen 6 ist/sind an die Anordnung der Rohre 2 innerhalb des Wärmeübertragungsblocks 7 angepasst. The tubes 2 have a longer extension than the corrugated rib elements 3, therefore the corrugated rib elements 3 laterally project out of the heat transfer block 7. On the protruding tubes 2, a spacer element 4 is placed, soft has a plurality of recesses 6. The tubes 2 protrude through the recesses 6. The cross sections of the recesses 6 are adapted to the cross sections of the tubes 2, whereby a play-free fit of the spacer element 4 is achieved on the tubes 2. The spacer element 4 or the recesses 6 is / are adapted to the arrangement of the tubes 2 within the heat transfer block 7.
An das Distanzelement 4 ist ein Sammelkasten 5 mit einem Rohrboden 8 angeschlossen, welcher durch ein Spritzverfahren erzeugt ist. Der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5 ist direkt an den Wärmeübertragungsblock 7 angespritzt. Der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5 ist um die durch das Distanzelement 4 hindurchragenden Abschnitte der Rohre 2 gespritzt, wodurch je nach Ausgestaltung der Rohre 2 eine formschlüssige und/oder stoffschlüssige Verbindung erzeugt wird. To the spacer element 4, a collecting box 5 is connected to a tube plate 8, which is produced by a spraying process. The tube plate 8 of the header 5 is molded directly onto the heat transfer block 7. The tube plate 8 of the header 5 is injected around the projecting through the spacer 4 sections of the tubes 2, whereby depending on the design of the tubes 2, a positive and / or cohesive connection is generated.
Das Distanzelement 4 kann ebenfalls vollständig oder teilweise von dem Kunststoff des Rohrbodens 8 des Sammelkastens 5 umspritzt sein, wodurch ebenfalls eine formschlüssige und/oder stoffschlüssige Verbindung erzeugt wird. Das Distanzelement 4 kann entweder nur auf die Rohre 2 des Wärmeübertragungsblocks aufgesteckt sein oder mit den Rohren 2 und/oder den Wellrippenelementen 3 verbunden sein. Dies kann unter anderem durch konventionelle Fügeverfahren, wie Schweißen oder Löten, erreicht werden. The spacer 4 may also be completely or partially encapsulated by the plastic of the tube plate 8 of the header 5, whereby also a positive and / or cohesive connection is generated. The spacer element 4 can either be attached only to the tubes 2 of the heat transfer block or be connected to the tubes 2 and / or the corrugated rib elements 3. This can be achieved, inter alia, by conventional joining methods, such as welding or soldering.
Hauptaufgabe des Distanzelementes 4 ist es zu verhindern, dass während des Spritzvorgangs, in welchem der Sammelkasten 5 oder der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5 ausgebildet wird, Kunststoff in den Bereich der Wellrippenelemente 3 dringt und dort für eine Beschädigung oder Verstopfung der Wellrippenelemente 3 sorgt. Dabei kann bei einer separaten Ausbildung des Rohrbodens 8 dieser mit einem Deckel zum Sammelkasten 5 zusammen gefügt werden. The main task of the spacer element 4 is to prevent plastic from penetrating into the region of the corrugated fin elements 3 during the injection process, in which the collecting box 5 or the tube plate 8 of the collecting box 5 is formed, where it causes damage or clogging of the corrugated fin elements 3. It can be joined together with a lid to the collection box 5 in a separate embodiment of the tube sheet 8.
Der Sammelkasten 5 ist in Figur 1 als quaderförmiger Körper dargestellt, welcher die endseitigen Bereiche der Rohre 2 des Wärmeübertragungsblocks 7 aufnimmt. In alternativen Ausführungsbeispielen kann der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5 und auch der Sammelkasten 5 auch andere Formen annehmen, Insbesondere ist die Formgebung des Rohrbodens 8 und des Sammelkastens 5 an den geplanten Einsatzzweck anzupassen. Der Sammelkasten 5 kann im Inneren durch einen einzigen Abschnitt gebildet sein oder durch Trennwände, welche während des Spritzvorganges miterzeugt werden, in mehrere Abschnitte unterteilt sein. The collection box 5 is shown in Figure 1 as a cuboid body which receives the end regions of the tubes 2 of the heat transfer block 7. In alternative embodiments, the tube sheet 8 of the collecting tank 5 and Also, the collection box 5 take other forms, in particular, the shape of the tube sheet 8 and the collecting tank 5 is to be adapted to the intended use. The collecting box 5 may be formed inside by a single section or divided into several sections by partitions, which are co-produced during the injection process.
Eine Veränderung der Form des Sammelkastens 5 und/oder des Rohrbodens 8 kann durch eine einfache Beeinflussung des zum Spritzen des Kunststoffs verwendeten Werkzeugs erreicht werden. Durch die Verwendung eines geeigneten Werkzeugs und des Distanzelementes 4 kann ein funktionsfähiger Wärmeübertrager 1 erzeugt werden, der insbesondere ohne Beschädigungen des Wärmeübertragungsblocks 7 unter bestmöglicher Ausnutzung des zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums, insbesondere im Bereich des Wärmeübertragungsblocks 7, erzeugt werden kann. Weiterhin sind aufwändige Abdichtarbeiten und zusätzliche Dichtungselemente nicht notwendig, da der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5 einteilig ausgebildet ist. Durch die Verwendung von geeigneten Kunststoffen kann eine ausreichende und zufriedenstellende Dauerhaltbarkeit erzeugt werden. A change in the shape of the collecting box 5 and / or the tube bottom 8 can be achieved by a simple influencing of the tool used for spraying the plastic. By using a suitable tool and the spacer element 4, a functional heat exchanger 1 can be generated, which can be generated in particular without damaging the heat transfer block 7 with the best possible utilization of the available installation space, in particular in the region of the heat transfer block 7. Furthermore, complex sealing work and additional sealing elements are not necessary, since the tube sheet 8 of the collecting tank 5 is integrally formed. By the use of suitable plastics, a sufficient and satisfactory durability can be produced.
Die Figur 2 zeigt eine Aufsicht auf ein Distanzelement 4. Das Distanzelement 4 weist eine rechteckige plattenförmige Form auf. Entlang des Distanzelementes 4 sind meh- rere Aussparungen 6 angeordnet, welche zum Durchführen der Endbereiche der Rohre 2 dienen. Die Aussparungen 6 sind, wie bereits erwähnt, an die Anordnung der Rohre 2 angepasst und weisen einen Querschnitt auf, der mit den Außendurchmessern der Rohre 2 derart korrespondiert, dass ein möglichst geringes Spiel zwischen dem Distanzelement 4 und den Rohren 2 erzeugt wird. FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a spacer element 4. The spacer element 4 has a rectangular plate-shaped form. Along the spacer element 4 several recesses 6 are arranged, which serve to pass through the end regions of the tubes 2. The recesses 6 are, as already mentioned, adapted to the arrangement of the tubes 2 and have a cross section which corresponds to the outer diameters of the tubes 2 such that the smallest possible clearance between the spacer element 4 and the tubes 2 is generated.
In der Figur 2 sind durch die Striche 3 die hinter dem Distanzelement 4 angeordneten Wellrippen 3 angedeutet. Das Distanzelement 4 kann aus dem gleichen Material wie die Rohre 2 und die Wellrippen 3 gebildet sein oder ebenfalls aus einem Kunststoff, wie beispielsweise der Rohrboden 8 des Sammelkastens 5. Die Ausführungsbeispiele der Figuren 1 und 2 sind beispielshaft und erläutern den Erfindungsgedanken. Sie weisen insbesondere hinsichtlich der Formgebung, der Materialwahl und der Ausgestaltung der einzelnen Elemente keinen beschränkenden Charakter auf. Insbesondere der Wärmeübertragungsblock 7 kann in vielfältiger Weise abweichend von dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ausgebildet sein, indem die Rohre und/oder die Wellrippen abweichend gestaltet sind und die Anordnung relativ zueinander abweichend ist. In FIG. 2, the dashes 3 indicate the corrugated fins 3 arranged behind the spacer element 4. The spacer element 4 may be formed of the same material as the tubes 2 and the corrugated fins 3 or also of a plastic, such as the tube plate 8 of the header 5. The embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 are exemplary and illustrate the inventive idea. They have in particular with regard to the shape, the choice of materials and the design of the individual elements not restrictive character. In particular, the heat transfer block 7 can be designed differently from the embodiment shown in Figure 1 in a variety of ways by the tubes and / or corrugated fins are designed differently and the arrangement is different relative to each other.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Wärmeübertrager (1 ) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, mit einem Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) und mit zumindest einem Sammelkasten (5), wobei der Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) aus einer Mehrzahl von zueinander benachbarten Rohren (2) und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen (3) gebildet ist, und die Rohre (2) mit einem ihrer Endbereiche fluiddicht in den Rohrboden des Sammelkasten (5) aufgenommen sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) aus Kunststoff gebildet ist und an den Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) angespritzt ist, wobei zwischen dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) und dem Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) ein Distanzelement (4) angeordnet ist, durch welches die Rohre (2) hindurchgeführt sind, wobei die Wellrippenelemente (3) durch das Distanzelement (4) von dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) beabstandet sind. 1 . Heat exchanger (1) for a motor vehicle, with a heat transfer block (7) and with at least one collecting box (5), wherein the heat transfer block (7) from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes (2) and interposed corrugated fin elements (3) is formed, and the tubes (2) are fluid-tightly received in the tube bottom of the collecting box (5) with one of their end regions, characterized in that the tube bottom of the collecting box (5) is formed from plastic and injected onto the heat transfer block (7), wherein between the tubesheet the collecting box (5) and the heat transfer block (7) a spacer element (4) is arranged, through which the tubes (2) are passed, wherein the corrugated fin elements (3) by the spacer element (4) from the tube bottom of the collecting box (5) spaced are.
2. Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the
Rohrboden des Sammelkastens mit einem Deckel des Sammelkastens zum Bilden des Sammelkastens verbunden ist. Tube bottom of the header box is connected to a lid of the header tank for forming the header tank.
3. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Distanzelement (4) durch ein Lochblech gebildet ist, welches Aussparungen (6) aufweist, die mit den Rohren (2) im Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) derart korrespondieren, dass diese passgenau durch die Aussparungen (6) ragen. 3. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer element (4) is formed by a perforated plate having recesses (6) which correspond to the tubes (2) in the heat transfer block (7) such that these pass through the recesses (6).
4. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) an den Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) mit einem Kunststoff-Spritzverfahren angespritzt ist. 4. Heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube plate of the collecting tank (5) is molded onto the heat transfer block (7) with a plastic injection molding process.
5. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (2) endseitig eine zumindest teilweise um- laufende Kerbe aufweisen und/oder endseitig oberflächenvorbehandelt und/oder beschichtet sind. 5. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tubes (2) end an at least partially um- have running notch and / or surface pretreated and / or coated.
6. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmeübertrager (1 ) zwei Sammelkästen (5) auf- weist, wobei die Rohre (2) jeweils endseitig in einen der Sammelkästen (5) münden und fluiddicht mit diesem verbunden sind, wobei zwischen jedem der Sammelkästen (5) und dem Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) ein Distanzelement {4} angeordnet ist, 6. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) has two header boxes (5) up, the tubes (2) each end in one of the collecting tanks (5) open and fluid-tight with this are connected, wherein between each of the collecting boxes (5) and the heat transfer block (7) a spacer element {4} is arranged,
7. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Distanzelement (4) auf der dem Wärmübertra- gungsblock (7) abgewandten Seite mit Kunststoff, welcher den Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) bildet, überspritzt ist, wobei die Rohre (2) mit dem angespritzten Rohrboden des Sammelkasten (5) stoffschlüssig und/oder form- schlüssig verbunden sind. 7. Heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer element (4) on the heat transfer block (7) side facing away with plastic, which forms the tube bottom of the collecting tank (5), is overmolded Tubes (2) are connected to the molded-tube bottom of the collecting box (5) cohesively and / or positively.
8. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Distanzelement (4) eine Verstärkung des dem Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) zugewandten Bodenbereichs des Sammelkas- tens (5) bildet, wobei das Distanzelement (4) formschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig mit dem Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) verbunden ist. 8. Heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer element (4) reinforcing the heat transfer block (7) facing bottom region of the Sammelkas- least forms (5), wherein the spacer element (4) positively and / or cohesively connected to the tube bottom of the header tank (5).
9. Wärmeübertrager (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Distanzelement (4) mit den Rohren (2) und/oder den Wellrippenelementen (3) verlötet und/oder verschweißt und/oder verklemmt und/oder verklebt ist. 9. Heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer element (4) to the tubes (2) and / or the corrugated fin elements (3) soldered and / or welded and / or jammed and / or glued.
10. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Wärmeüber- tragungsblock (7) aus einer Mehrzahl von zueinander benachbarten Rohren10. A method for producing a heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heat transfer block (7) from a plurality of mutually adjacent tubes
(2) und dazwischen angeordneten Wellrippenelementen (3) erzeugt wird, wobei auf die Rohre (2) endseitig ein Distanzelement (4) aufgelegt wird und der Rohrboden des Sammelkasten (5) an den Wärmeübertragungsblock (7) und/oder das Distanzelement (4) einteilig angespritzt wird. (2) and arranged therebetween corrugated fin elements (3) is generated, wherein on the tubes (2) end a spacer element (4) is placed and the Tube bottom of the collecting box (5) to the heat transfer block (7) and / or the spacer element (4) is integrally molded.
1 1 .Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers (1 ) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rohre (2) das Distanzelement (4) durch eingeformte passgenaue Aussparungen (6) durchdringen und die Wellrippenelemente (3) durch das Distanzelement (4) vollständig überdeckt sind. 1 1 .Verfahren for the production of a heat exchanger (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the tubes (2) penetrate the spacer element (4) by molded precisely fitting recesses (6) and the corrugated fin elements (3) through the spacer element (4) completely are covered.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 10 oder 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Rohrboden des Sammelkastens (5) an die durch das Distanzelement (4) durchragenden Rohre (2) angespritzt wird, wobei der Sammelkasten (5) mit den durchragenden Abschnitten der Rohre (2) und/oder dem Distanzelement (4) stoffschlüssig und/oder formschlüssig verbunden wird. 12. The method according to any one of claims 10 or 1 1, characterized in that the tube plate of the collecting box (5) to the through the spacer element (4) projecting tubes (2) is injection molded, wherein the collecting box (5) with the projecting portions of Tubes (2) and / or the spacer element (4) is connected cohesively and / or positively.
EP15760184.0A 2014-09-17 2015-09-08 Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger Not-in-force EP3194873B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014218677.3A DE102014218677A1 (en) 2014-09-17 2014-09-17 Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger
PCT/EP2015/070471 WO2016041815A1 (en) 2014-09-17 2015-09-08 Heat exchanger and method for producing a heat exchanger

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EP3194873A1 true EP3194873A1 (en) 2017-07-26
EP3194873B1 EP3194873B1 (en) 2018-11-21

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US (1) US20170261266A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3194873B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106716037A (en)
BR (1) BR112016028930A2 (en)
DE (1) DE102014218677A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016041815A1 (en)

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DE102016111201B4 (en) 2016-06-20 2022-05-12 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Process for manufacturing a heat exchanger

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BR112016028930A2 (en) 2017-08-22
US20170261266A1 (en) 2017-09-14
EP3194873B1 (en) 2018-11-21
DE102014218677A1 (en) 2016-03-17
WO2016041815A1 (en) 2016-03-24

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