EP3183157B1 - Pull and push means - Google Patents

Pull and push means Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3183157B1
EP3183157B1 EP15748233.2A EP15748233A EP3183157B1 EP 3183157 B1 EP3183157 B1 EP 3183157B1 EP 15748233 A EP15748233 A EP 15748233A EP 3183157 B1 EP3183157 B1 EP 3183157B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
energy absorption
irreversible
absorption device
pulling
reversible
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15748233.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3183157A1 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Bonney
Martin Schüler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102014216719.1A external-priority patent/DE102014216719A1/en
Priority claimed from DE102015207849.3A external-priority patent/DE102015207849A1/en
Application filed by Voith Patent GmbH filed Critical Voith Patent GmbH
Priority to PL15748233T priority Critical patent/PL3183157T3/en
Publication of EP3183157A1 publication Critical patent/EP3183157A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3183157B1 publication Critical patent/EP3183157B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00—Buffers
    • B61G11/16—Buffers absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G11/00—Buffers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B61G9/06—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances with rubber springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pulling and pushing device, in detail with the features from the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an energy dissipation device for integration in such a pulling and pushing device.
  • the pamphlet EP 2 335 996 B1 discloses a central buffer coupling with an at least two-part coupling rod which is fastened to the car body via a tension bracket, the rear coupling rod section being connected to the car body so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the tension bracket.
  • At least one energy absorbing device for example in the form of a spring device or in the form of a deformation tube, which responds after a critical impact force introduced into the energy absorbing element is exceeded and through plastic deformation reduces part of the impact energy introduced into the energy absorbing element and designed to at least partially absorb the impact energy that occurs in a crash or normal driving operation and is transmitted from the coupling rod to the car body, ie to convert or absorb it into plastic deformation work and heat.
  • the design depends on the size of the forces that occur. For very high energy consumption, the energy-consuming devices must be designed accordingly, which is reflected in an increased space requirement.
  • a rail vehicle with a coupling linkage and a rubber damper which is coupled to the body of the coupling by a connecting bolt, and an irreversible energy-absorbing element that is tubular and has a rectangular cross-section over its entire length, the rubber damper arrangement and the irreversible Energy-absorbing members are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle body of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle body frame is configured to receive a collision load in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body that is transmitted through the energy absorbing member.
  • the rubber damper is held in a support frame which is attached to the vehicle body frame.
  • a pulling and pushing device flanged to a subframe of a rail vehicle and having the pulling and pressure side energy absorbing devices arranged in a single housing is off DE 20 2005 004 502 U1 previously known.
  • Pressure-side and pull-side energy absorption system connected in series in a housing, one of the two including a deformation element.
  • the task is to further develop a coupling linkage of the type mentioned at the beginning, in particular a coupling linkage via tension brackets, as is usual for SA-3 couplings or AAR couplings, to the effect that for the transmission of tensile and compressive forces from the drawbar a high energy consumption in the available space can be installed without significant additional modifications.
  • the solution according to the invention should be characterized by a relatively simple structure.
  • the solution according to the invention thus combines the advantages of reversible and irreversible energy consumption in a minimal installation space for a pulling and buffing device while maintaining the existing installation conditions and allows simple retrofitting in already existing systems.
  • the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption are connected in series, the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption being irreversibly deformed and / or destroyed if a predefined maximum tensile / impact force is exceeded . I.e. the power flow takes place one after the other through the individual energy absorption devices.
  • Each of the energy dissipation devices can be designed with regard to its area of application.
  • a shear device is provided between the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed and arranged in such a way that it responds when a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is exceeded and allows a destructive effect on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption.
  • a simple structure and simple assembly are given for designs in which the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy dissipation device viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at least partially, preferably completely are arranged next to one another or are arranged after one another, the reversible energy absorption device being supported at least indirectly on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption each being supported with their end faces pointing away from one another on one of the two transmission elements, and the transmission elements via At least one tensioning device, in particular tie rods, are braced against each other and include stop surface areas for interacting with stop surface areas provided on the vehicle side for the introduction of tensile and / or compressive forces, and wherein the reversible energy dissipation device is supported on the first transmission element and the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy dissipation is arranged on the opposite transmission element are.
  • the energy dissipation devices are preferably arranged coaxially to one another. These can be completely preassembled as a structural unit in the space between the tension bracket and the car body or the component connected to it and having the tension and pressure stops.
  • an intermediate element is arranged between the reversible energy absorbing device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption, which has a support surface for the reversible energy absorbing device and a support surface forms for the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption, wherein the intermediate element and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption function as a support unit for the reversible energy absorption device until a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is reached Exceeding the maximum permissible tensile / impact force actuates the shear device and / or acts destructively on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption. Support areas of different sizes and an offset between them can thus be coordinated with one another via the intermediate element. In particular, energy dissipation devices with different sizes can be combined with one another.
  • the intermediate element has a surface area on its end face directed towards the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed to be suitable for interacting with the shear device and / or the reversible energy dissipation device and with at least one surface area on the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption To interact with energy consumption.
  • a further surface area is provided on the opposite end face, which serves to support the reversible energy dissipation device.
  • the reversible energy dissipation device has at least one or a plurality of reversible energy dissipation elements which can be connected in series or in parallel with regard to the guidance of the power flow.
  • the individual energy-absorbing element is preferably designed as a polymer spring.
  • the design as a polymer spring allows different spring geometries on the one hand.
  • a centrally symmetrical design of the spring elements is preferably selected. With regard to their support on the transmission element on the coupling rod side and the intermediate element or directly on the energy absorption device with reversible energy consumption, however, at least in the end areas, a geometry deviating from the centrally symmetrical design, in particular a cross-sectional shape different from a circular shape, can be given.
  • the intermediate element is designed as a cone at least on one end face. In cooperation with a destructive energy-absorbing element in the form of a deformation tube, this allows an optimized introduction of force.
  • the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption comprises at least one destructive deformation element.
  • the individual destructive deformation element is preferably designed as an element from the following group of elements: a deformation body, a deformation tube or a honeycomb structure.
  • a deformation body is a three-dimensional structure of any contour. This offers the advantage of being able to adapt the destructively deformable element to any connection geometries and installation situations as well as the load case.
  • this When designed as a deformation tube, this is designed as a hollow profile element at least over a partial area of its axial extension, the cross section of the hollow profile being designed as a tube, box profile or polygon.
  • the design as a tube in conjunction with the design of the reversible energy absorption device as a spring unit, offers the advantage of arranging the two coaxially aligned with one another in a housing.
  • the response force and the desired deformation behavior can be set as a function of the geometry of the cross-sectional area, wall thickness, extension in the longitudinal direction (length) and the material used.
  • the individual energy dissipation devices are preferably arranged in a housing, the housing preferably being formed in several parts.
  • the stop areas for introducing tensile forces and / or compressive forces on the car body are preferably arranged on a guide that can be connected to the car body, the guide preferably being formed by a profile element.
  • the energy absorption device according to the invention with two transmission elements braced against each other in the longitudinal direction of the energy absorption device, in particular tie rods, and at least one reversible energy absorption device arranged between the transmission elements is characterized in that the energy absorption device further comprises an energy absorption device with irreversible energy absorption, the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption are at least partially arranged next to each other or at least partially arranged after each other and that the reversible energy absorbing device is at least indirectly supported on the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy absorbing device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption each have a facing away from each other Support one of the two transmission elements.
  • the energy dissipation device combines advantages of reversible and irreversible energy consumption in a minimal installation space in a compact structural unit, which can be prefabricated.
  • the reversible energy dissipation device and the Energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption preferably arranged coaxially to one another.
  • a shearing device is preferably provided between the reversible energy dissipation device and the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed and arranged to respond when a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is exceeded and a destructive effect on the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption.
  • the intermediate element is designed as a cone for this purpose.
  • the Figure 1 shows an example of a design of a central buffer coupling 101 known from the prior art.
  • the theoretical longitudinal axis L of the central buffer coupling 101 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the installed position.
  • the directions of the tensile and compressive loads on the coupling rod 102 that occur during operation are denoted by Z for the pulling direction and D for the pushing direction.
  • the central buffer coupling 101 shown is, for example, a central buffer coupling of the type SA-3, in which a coupling rod 102 is connected via a wedge 130 to a tension bracket 104 connected to the underframe 109 of a car body.
  • the coupling rod 102 is coupled with a coupling head 103 either directly or, if the coupling rod 102 is divided, via further intermediate elements.
  • a pulling and pushing device 105 is arranged, which comprises an energy absorbing device 106 in the form of a spring device, at least one energy absorbing device 107, in particular at least one reversible energy absorbing element the use of a Energy absorption device comprising at least one destructive energy absorption element in the form of a deformation tube is conceivable.
  • the arrangement takes place within the extension of the tension bracket 104 between the coupling rod 102 and support of this on stop surface areas provided for this purpose and effective in the pulling or pushing direction on the underframe 109 of the car body.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show, based on a section from a central buffer coupling 1, the articulation of a coupling rod 2 according to the invention via a tension bracket 4 on the underframe 9 of a car body in different views.
  • Figure 2a shows the essential components of the inventive pulling and buffing device 5 in a view from above, while Figure 2b represents a perspective view. Only the essential elements of the pulling and pushing device 5 can be seen. This is designed in such a way that the power flow of the pulling / pushing forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 is passed completely through the energy absorbing device 6.
  • the energy absorption device 6 comprises a reversible energy absorption device 7, comprising at least one reversible energy absorption element and an energy absorption device 10 with irreversible energy consumption, hereinafter referred to as irreversible energy absorption device 10 for short.
  • Reversible and irreversible energy absorption devices 7 and 10 are arranged in series and, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pulling / buffing device 5, arranged one behind the other.
  • the arrangement takes place between two transmission elements 11 and 12 - a transmission element 11 arranged on the coupling rod side in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal axis L of the coupling, in particular a first stop plate, and a transmission element 12 arranged on the car body side, in particular a second stop plate, which are connected to one another and under prestress via at least one, preferably several tie rods 15 the reversible energy dissipation device 7 are connected.
  • the or the individual tie rods 15 are preferably arranged around the outer circumference of the individual energy dissipation devices 7 and 10, in particular at a distance from them. It would also be conceivable to pass the tie rods through the energy absorption devices and at the same time to use them as guides, in particular for the spring units.
  • the transmission elements 11, 12 each have support areas 21 and 22 on their end faces facing away from each other, in particular in the form of support surfaces or surface areas, which can be brought into operative connection with corresponding stop areas, in particular stops 13, 14 on the car body, in particular underframe 9.
  • the transmission elements 11, 12 are preferably disk-shaped or plate-shaped, but can also be designed in functional concentration as housing components that are preferably designed to at least partially enclose at least a portion of one of the energy dissipation devices 7 or 10 in the circumferential direction.
  • the stops 13 and 14 can be formed directly on the underframe 9 or, however, preferably in a longitudinal member 8 arranged on this, the longitudinal member 8 preferably being connected to the underframe 9 on the car body.
  • the stops 13 and 14 on the side member 8 for the tension bracket 4 act as a tension or pressure stop.
  • the stop 13 arranged on the coupling rod side in the longitudinal direction L in the illustrated case acts as a tension stop, while the stop 14 acts as a pressure stop.
  • the stops 13 and 14 each have support areas, in particular support surface areas 24 and 25, which interact with the energy absorbing device 6, in particular the transmission elements 11 and 12.
  • the pulling and pushing device 5 is designed in such a way that the flow of force of the compressive forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 from the coupling rod-side and the front transmission element 11 in the longitudinal direction L via the energy absorption device 7 to the first transmission element 11 opposite end face of the second transmission element 12 is transmitted and the force flow of the tensile forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 and the tension bracket 4 from the rear transmission element 12 on the car body side via the energy dissipation device 6 to the end face on the transmission element 11 on the coupling rod side opposite the transmission element 12 on the wagon body side and from this to the first stop 13 takes place via the interaction of the support areas 21 and 24 on the first transmission element 11 and on the tension stop 13.
  • the tension bracket 4 is connected to the end area of the coupling rod 4 oriented on the vehicle side, here via a wedge 30 aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, the connection with or free of a possibility of relative movement between the coupling rod 2 and the tension bracket 4.
  • the individual energy dissipation devices 7 and 10 each lie with their front sides facing the transmission elements 11, 12 with surface areas, preferably completely against correspondingly designed surface areas 27 and 28 on the latter.
  • the reversible energy absorption device 7 comprises at least one energy absorption element.
  • This is designed in a particularly advantageous embodiment as a spring device, in particular a polymer spring.
  • This is preferably guided on a guide 29, in particular a guide bolt, provided between an intermediate element 17 and transmission element 11.
  • the cross-sectional geometry of this can be selected as desired.
  • circular cross-sectional geometries or with little deviation from the circular shape are selected.
  • the reversible energy dissipation device is between the clutch-side transmission element 11 and the irreversible energy dissipation device 10 arranged.
  • the irreversible energy dissipation device 10 comprises an irreversible deformation element in the form of a deformation tube 16. This is to be understood as an element which at least plastically deforms when a force is applied that is greater than the maximum permissible force.
  • the energy dissipation devices 7 and 10 are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and are preferably arranged next to one another, it being possible for an intermediate element 17 to be provided between them, in the case shown.
  • the reversible energy absorption device 7, in particular the spring device is supported on the deformation tube via this.
  • the intermediate element 17 has a surface area on the end face directed towards the coupling rod-side transmission element 11, which serves as a support area for the spring device, in particular the end area on the car body side in the installed position.
  • the spring device is preferably supported over the entire surface on the intermediate element 17.
  • the deformation tube 16 is supported on the end face opposite the end face on the coupling rod side.
  • This preferably has a stop surface for interaction with the counter-element, which is designed to be inclined when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the energy-absorbing element.
  • the deformation tube In the end region on the coupling rod side, the deformation tube has a wall region, the end face of which comes to rest flush against the intermediate element 17.
  • the two surface areas that are operatively connected to one another or abut one another, in particular of the intermediate element 17 and the deformation tube 16, are preferably inclined in the longitudinal direction, with a circular or ring-shaped cross section as conical surfaces.
  • a shearing device 18 in the form of a projection arranged on the inner circumference of the deformation tube 16 is arranged downstream of the surface area of the deformation tube 16 provided for contact with the intermediate element 17.
  • the individual stop surface formed by a projection formed on or connected to the energy absorbing element.
  • the one-piece training offers the advantage of simple manufacture. A uniform load introduction is ensured by the fact that the individual stop surface is designed to be closed when viewed in the circumferential direction of the energy absorption element. In the event of an overload, this design ensures that the projection shears off and the deformation tube 16 is expanded.
  • the energy dissipation device 7 is enclosed by a housing part 19. This encloses a partial area of the energy absorbing device 7, in particular the spring device viewed in the longitudinal direction in the circumferential direction, forming a distance that describes a cavity and is at least partially filled when the spring device is deformed.
  • Another housing part is formed here directly on the transmission element 11 and, viewed in the longitudinal direction, extends over a partial area of the extent of the energy absorbing device 7, in particular the spring device. An at least partial overlap of the further housing part and the housing part 19 are possible.
  • means for guiding them are integrated in the end faces of the transmission elements 11, 12 directed towards the energy absorption devices 7 and 10.
  • These can be recesses or projections which fix the energy absorbing devices with regard to their position relative to the transmission element transversely to the longitudinal direction, i.e. Avoid slipping or shifting across the longitudinal direction.
  • Figure 3 shows an example of a particularly advantageous design of the pulling and buffing device 5 with the energy absorbing device 6.
  • This comprises two transmission elements 11, 12 provided for cooperation with stops 13, 14 arranged on the vehicle side, which are spaced apart in the axial direction with the interposition of the energy absorbing devices 7, 10 and are braced against each other via tie rods 15.
  • the stops 13, 14 are provided in particular on the underframe 9 and have support surfaces or support surface areas 24 and 25 for interaction with the transmission elements 11, 12.
  • the transmission elements 11, 12 are preferably designed in the form of plates or discs, the support areas 21 and 22 being formed by flat areas or area areas for interaction with the stops 13, 14 arranged on the vehicle side.
  • the intermediate element 17 and the shearing device 18 can also be seen in the partial section.
  • the Figure 3 shows an energy dissipation device 7 comprising a spring assembly. Designs with several spring units that are functionally connected in series are also conceivable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung, im Einzelnen mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Energieverzehrvorrichtung zur Integration in einer derartigen Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung.The invention relates to a pulling and pushing device, in detail with the features from the preamble of claim 1. The invention also relates to an energy dissipation device for integration in such a pulling and pushing device.

Die Druckschrift EP 2 335 996 B1 offenbart eine Mittelpufferkupplung mit einer zumindest zweiteilig ausgebildeten Kupplungsstange, die über einen Zugbügel am Wagenkasten befestigt ist, wobei der hintere Kupplungsstangenabschnitt relativ zu dem Zugbügel in Längsrichtung verschiebbar mit dem Wagenkasten verbunden ist. Zwischen dem hinteren Kupplungsstangenabschnitt und dem Wagenkasten ist zumindest eine Energieverzehreinrichtung, beispielsweise in Gestalt eines Federapparates oder aber in Gestalt eines Verformungsrohres, welches nach Überschreiten einer kritischen in das Energieverzehrelement eingeleiteten Stoßkraft anspricht und durch plastische Verformung einen Teil der in das Energieverzehrelement eingeleiteten Stoßenergie abbaut, angeordnet und ausgelegt, um zumindest teilweise die in einem Crashfall oder im normalen Fahrbetrieb auftretende und von der Kupplungsstange auf den Wagenkasten übertragene Stoßenergie zu verzehren, d. h. in plastische Verformungsarbeit und Wärme umzuwandeln oder zu absorbieren. Die Auslegung erfolgt in Abhängigkeit der Größe der auftretenden Kräfte. Für sehr hohen Energieverzehr bedarf es einer entsprechenden Auslegung der Energieverzehrvorrichtungen, wobei sich diese in einem erhöhten Bauraumbedarf niederschlägt.The pamphlet EP 2 335 996 B1 discloses a central buffer coupling with an at least two-part coupling rod which is fastened to the car body via a tension bracket, the rear coupling rod section being connected to the car body so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the tension bracket. Between the rear coupling rod section and the car body there is at least one energy absorbing device, for example in the form of a spring device or in the form of a deformation tube, which responds after a critical impact force introduced into the energy absorbing element is exceeded and through plastic deformation reduces part of the impact energy introduced into the energy absorbing element and designed to at least partially absorb the impact energy that occurs in a crash or normal driving operation and is transmitted from the coupling rod to the car body, ie to convert or absorb it into plastic deformation work and heat. The design depends on the size of the forces that occur. For very high energy consumption, the energy-consuming devices must be designed accordingly, which is reflected in an increased space requirement.

Bekannt sind ferner Zugbügelsysteme mit integrierter Vordämpfung und reversiblen Energieverzehr in Form von vorgespannten Federeinheiten, wie beispielsweise in US 6,681,943 B2 offenbart.Also known are tension bracket systems with integrated pre-damping and reversible energy consumption in the form of preloaded spring units, such as in US 6,681,943 B2 disclosed.

Aus der Druckschrift EP 1 468 889 B1 ist ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einer Kupplungsanlenkung und einem Gummidämpfer vorbekannt, der mit dem Korpus der Kupplung durch einen Verbindungsbolzen gekoppelt ist, und ein irreversibles energieabsorbierendes Element, das rohrförmig ist und über seine gesamte Länge einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, umfasst, wobei die Gummidämpferanordnung und das irreversible energieabsorbierende Element in Reihe in Längsrichtung eines Fahrzeugkörpers des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sind. Der Fahrzeugkörper-Rahmen ist dafür konfiguriert, eine Kollisionslast in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeugkörpers, die über das energieabsorbierende Element übertragen wird, aufzunehmen. Der Gummidämpfer wird dazu in einem Stützrahmen gehalten, der am Fahrzeugkörper-Rahmen angebracht ist.From the pamphlet EP 1 468 889 B1 a rail vehicle with a coupling linkage and a rubber damper is previously known, which is coupled to the body of the coupling by a connecting bolt, and an irreversible energy-absorbing element that is tubular and has a rectangular cross-section over its entire length, the rubber damper arrangement and the irreversible Energy-absorbing members are arranged in series in the longitudinal direction of a vehicle body of the vehicle. The vehicle body frame is configured to receive a collision load in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body that is transmitted through the energy absorbing member. For this purpose, the rubber damper is held in a support frame which is attached to the vehicle body frame.

Eine an einem Untergestell eines Schienenfahrzeuges angeflanscht befestigte Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung mit in einem einzigen Gehäuse angeordneten zug- und druckseitigen Energieverzehreinrichtungen ist aus DE 20 2005 004 502 U1 vorbekannt. Druckseitiges und zugseitiges Energieverzehrsystem in einem Gehäuse in Reihe geschaltet, wobei eines der beiden ein Verformungselement umfasst.A pulling and pushing device flanged to a subframe of a rail vehicle and having the pulling and pressure side energy absorbing devices arranged in a single housing is off DE 20 2005 004 502 U1 previously known. Pressure-side and pull-side energy absorption system connected in series in a housing, one of the two including a deformation element.

Ausgehend von den beschriebenen Systemen stellt sich die Aufgabe, eine Kupplungsanlenkung der eingangs genannten Art, insbesondere eine Kupplungsanlenkung über Zugbügel, wie für SA-3-Kupplungen oder AAR-Kupplungen üblich, dahingehend weiterzuentwickeln, dass zur Übertragung von Zug- und Druckkräften von der Zugstange ein hoher Energieverzehr im zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraum ohne erhebliche Zusatzmodifikationen einbaubar ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung soll sich dabei durch einen relativ einfachen Aufbau auszeichnen.Based on the systems described, the task is to further develop a coupling linkage of the type mentioned at the beginning, in particular a coupling linkage via tension brackets, as is usual for SA-3 couplings or AAR couplings, to the effect that for the transmission of tensile and compressive forces from the drawbar a high energy consumption in the available space can be installed without significant additional modifications. The solution according to the invention should be characterized by a relatively simple structure.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 17 charakterisiert. Vorteilhafte Ausbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen wiedergegeben.The solution according to the invention is characterized by the features of claims 1 and 17. Advantageous designs are given in the subclaims.

Eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung für ein spurgeführtes Fahrzeug, insbesondere Schienenfahrzeug, mit einer mit einem Wagenkasten eines Fahrzeuges über einen Zugbügel verbundenen Kupplungsstange zum Übertragen von im Fahrbetrieb auftretenden Zugkräften von der Kupplungsstange auf den Wagenkasten (insbesondere von der Kupplungsstange über einen Federapparat einerseits und über die Kupplungsstange direkt über den Federapparat andererseits auf den Wagenkasten), mit einer zwischen dem wagenkastenseitigen Endbereich der Kupplungsstange und dem Wagenkasten angeordneten Energieverzehrvorrichtung mit einer reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung (insbesondere mit einer zwischen dem wagenkastenseitigen Endbereich der Kupplungsstange und dem Wagenkasten angeordneten Energieverzehrvorrichtung mit einer reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung aufweisenden Federapparat), wobei die Energieverzehrvorrichtung derart ausgelegt ist, dass der Kraftfluss der von der Kupplungsstange auf diese direkt übertragenen Druck- bzw. Stoßkräfte und über den Zugbügel übertragenen Zugkräfte durch diese geleitet wird (insbesondere dass der Kraftfluss der von der Kupplungsstange auf den Zugbügel übertragenen Zugkräfte und über die Kupplungsstange direkt über den Federapparat eingeleiteten Druckkräfte durch diese geleitet wird) und über Anschlagbereiche für die Einleitung von Zugkräften und/oder Druckkräften am Wagenkasten oder einem mit diesem wenigstens mittelbar verbundenen Bauteil auf den Wagenkasten übertragen werden, wobei die Energieverzehrvorrichtung bzw. der Federapparat in Einbaulage in Längsrichtung der Kupplungsstange betrachtet ein fahrzeugseitiges vorderes Übertragungselement und ein fahrzeugseitig hinteres Übertragungselement aufweist, zwischen denen die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung vorgespannt angeordnet ist, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieverzehrvorrichtung des Weiteren eine Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr umfasst und die Energieverzehrvorrichtung innerhalb der axialen Erstreckung des Zugbügels in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeuges betrachtet angeordnet ist.A pulling and buffing device designed according to the invention for a track-guided vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, with a coupling rod connected to a car body of a vehicle via a tension bracket for transferring tensile forces occurring during travel from the coupling rod to the car body (in particular from the coupling rod via a spring device on the one hand and via the coupling rod directly via the spring device on the other hand on the car body), with an energy absorption device with a reversible energy absorption device arranged between the end region of the coupling rod on the car body side and the car body (in particular with an energy absorption device with a reversible energy absorption device arranged between the end region of the coupling rod on the wagon body side and the car body) Spring apparatus), the energy dissipation device being designed in such a way that the flow of force from the coupling rod to these directly transmitted compressive or impact forces and tensile forces transmitted via the tension bracket are passed through them (in particular that the force flow of the tensile forces transmitted from the coupling rod to the tension bracket and the compression forces introduced via the coupling rod directly via the spring device is passed through them) and via stop areas for the introduction of tensile forces and / or compressive forces on the car body or a component at least indirectly connected to it are transmitted to the car body, with the energy absorption device or the spring device in the installed position in the longitudinal direction of the coupling rod having a front transmission element on the vehicle side and a rear transmission element on the vehicle side, between which the reversible energy dissipation device is arranged prestressed, is characterized in that the energy dissipation device further comprises an energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption and the energy dissipation device is arranged within the axial extent of the tension bow viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung vereint damit die Vorteile reversiblen und irreversiblen Energieverzehrs auf minimalem Bauraum für eine Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung unter Beibehaltung bestehender Einbauverhältnisse und erlaubt eine einfache Nachrüstung in bereits bestehende Systeme.The solution according to the invention thus combines the advantages of reversible and irreversible energy consumption in a minimal installation space for a pulling and buffing device while maintaining the existing installation conditions and allows simple retrofitting in already existing systems.

Grundsätzlich besteht die Möglichkeit - je nach gewünschter Kraftführung - die einzelnen Energieverzehreinrichtungen, insbesondere reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr in Reihe oder parallel zu schalten. Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung, welche konstruktiv mit geringem Aufwand realisierbar ist, sind die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr in Reihe geschaltet, wobei die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr bei Überschreitung einer vordefinierten maximalen Zug-/Stoßkraft irreversibel verformt und/oder zerstört wird. D.h. der Kraftfluss erfolgt dabei nacheinander über die einzelnen Energieverzehreinrichtungen. Jede der Energieverzehreinrichtungen kann dabei hinsichtlich ihres Einsatzbereiches ausgelegt werden.Basically there is the possibility - depending on the desired force guidance - to connect the individual energy absorbing devices, in particular reversible energy absorbing devices and energy absorbing devices with irreversible energy consumption, in series or in parallel. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, which can be implemented structurally with little effort, the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption are connected in series, the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption being irreversibly deformed and / or destroyed if a predefined maximum tensile / impact force is exceeded . I.e. the power flow takes place one after the other through the individual energy absorption devices. Each of the energy dissipation devices can be designed with regard to its area of application.

In einer Weiterentwicklung ist zwischen der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung und der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr eine Abschereinrichtung vorgesehen, die derart ausgelegt und angeordnet ist, bei Überschreitung einer maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft anzusprechen und eine destruktive Einwirkung auf die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr zuzulassen. Diese Lösung bietet den Vorteil einer definierten Festlegung der erforderlichen Abscherkraft.In a further development, a shear device is provided between the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed and arranged in such a way that it responds when a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is exceeded and allows a destructive effect on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption. This solution offers the advantage of a defined definition of the required shear force.

Ein einfacher Aufbau und eine einfache Montage sind dabei für Ausführungen gegeben, bei welchen die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr und die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung in Längsrichtung des Fahrzeuges betrachtet zumindest teilweise, vorzugsweise vollständig einander nebengeordnet oder einander nachgeordnet sind, wobei die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung sich wenigstens mittelbar an der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr abstützt und die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr sich mit ihren voneinander wegweisenden Stirnseiten jeweils an einem der beiden Übertragungselemente abstützen, und wobei die Übertragungselemente über zumindest eine Spanneinrichtung, insbesondere Zuganker gegeneinander verspannt sind und Anschlagflächenbereiche zum Zusammenwirken mit fahrzeugseitig vorgesehenen Anschlagflächenbereichen für die Einleitung von Zug- und/oder Druckkräften umfassen, und wobei die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung sich an dem ersten Übertragungselement und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr am gegenüberliegenden Übertragungselement abstützend angeordnet sind.
Um kompakte und hinsichtlich der Montage gut handhabbare Zug-/Stoßeinrichtungen zu gewährleisten sind die Energieverzehreinrichtungen vorzugsweise koaxial zueinander angeordnet. Diese können als bauliche Einheit komplett vormontiert in den Zwischenraum von Zugbügel und Wagenkasten bzw. dem mit diesem verbunden und die Zug- und Druckanschläge aufweisenden Bauteil eingebracht werden.A simple structure and simple assembly are given for designs in which the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy dissipation device viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at least partially, preferably completely are arranged next to one another or are arranged after one another, the reversible energy absorption device being supported at least indirectly on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption each being supported with their end faces pointing away from one another on one of the two transmission elements, and the transmission elements via At least one tensioning device, in particular tie rods, are braced against each other and include stop surface areas for interacting with stop surface areas provided on the vehicle side for the introduction of tensile and / or compressive forces, and wherein the reversible energy dissipation device is supported on the first transmission element and the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy dissipation is arranged on the opposite transmission element are.
In order to ensure compact pulling / pushing devices which are easy to handle with regard to assembly, the energy dissipation devices are preferably arranged coaxially to one another. These can be completely preassembled as a structural unit in the space between the tension bracket and the car body or the component connected to it and having the tension and pressure stops.

Um genügend große Abstützflächen zur gegenseitigen Abstützung an den beiden Energieverzehreinrichtungen bereitzustellen und diese auf einfache Art und Weise miteinander in Wirkverbindung zu bringen, ist zwischen der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung und der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr ein Zwischenelement angeordnet, welches eine Abstützfläche für die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und eine Abstützfläche für die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr bildet, wobei das Zwischenelement und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr bis zum Erreichen einer maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft als Stützeinheit für die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung fungieren und bei Überschreitung der maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft die Abschereinrichtung betätigt und/oder destruktiv auf die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr einwirkt. Über das Zwischenelement können somit unterschiedlich große Abstützbereiche und ein Versatz zwischen diesen aufeinander abgestimmt werden. Insbesondere können hinsichtlich der Größe unterschiedlich ausgelegte Energieverzehreinrichtungen miteinander kombiniert werden.In order to provide sufficiently large support surfaces for mutual support on the two energy absorbing devices and to bring them into operative connection with one another in a simple manner, an intermediate element is arranged between the reversible energy absorbing device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption, which has a support surface for the reversible energy absorbing device and a support surface forms for the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption, wherein the intermediate element and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption function as a support unit for the reversible energy absorption device until a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is reached Exceeding the maximum permissible tensile / impact force actuates the shear device and / or acts destructively on the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption. Support areas of different sizes and an offset between them can thus be coordinated with one another via the intermediate element. In particular, energy dissipation devices with different sizes can be combined with one another.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung weist dazu das Zwischenelement an seiner zur Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr gerichteten Stirnseite einen Flächenbereich auf, der derart ausgebildet ist, geeignet zu sein, mit der Abschereinrichtung und/oder der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung zusammenzuwirken und mit zumindest einem Flächenbereich an der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr zusammenzuwirken. In Analogie ist an der dieser gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite ein weiterer Flächenbereich vorgesehen, welcher der Abstützung der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung dient.In an advantageous embodiment, the intermediate element has a surface area on its end face directed towards the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed to be suitable for interacting with the shear device and / or the reversible energy dissipation device and with at least one surface area on the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption To interact with energy consumption. In analogy, a further surface area is provided on the opposite end face, which serves to support the reversible energy dissipation device.

Die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung weist zumindest ein oder eine Mehrzahl reversibler Energieverzehrglieder auf, die hinsichtlich der Führung des Kraftflusses in Reihe oder parallel geschaltet sein können. In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist das einzelne Energieverzehrglied vorzugsweise als Polymerfeder ausgebildet. Die Ausbildung als Polymerfeder erlaubt zum einen unterschiedliche Federgeometrien. Vorzugsweise wird eine zentralsymmetrische Ausbildung der Federelemente gewählt. Im Hinblick auf deren Abstützung am kupplungsstangenseitigen Übertragungselement und dem Zwischenelement oder direkt der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit reversiblem Energieverzehr kann jedoch zumindest in den stirnseitigen Endbereichen eine von der zentralsymmetrischen Ausführung abweichende Geometrie, insbesondere eine von einer Kreisform verschiedene Querschnittsformgebung gegeben sein. Denkbar sind elliptische, ovale, ellipsenähnliche oder andere Querschnittsgeometrien. Mit einem Energieverzehrglied, wie beispielsweise mit einem Federelement, das eine derartige von einer Kreisform verschiedene Querschnittsformgebung aufweist, kann in wirkungsvoller Weise ein Verdrehen des Energieverzehrgliedes relativ zum Übertragungselement oder Zwischenelement verhindert werden, wenn das Energieverzehrglied bündig anliegt. In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung ist das Zwischenelement zumindest an einer Stirnseite als Kegel ausgebildet. Dies erlaubt im Zusammenwirken mit einem destruktiven Energieverzehrelement in Form eines Verformungsrohres eine optimierte Krafteinleitung.The reversible energy dissipation device has at least one or a plurality of reversible energy dissipation elements which can be connected in series or in parallel with regard to the guidance of the power flow. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the individual energy-absorbing element is preferably designed as a polymer spring. The design as a polymer spring allows different spring geometries on the one hand. A centrally symmetrical design of the spring elements is preferably selected. With regard to their support on the transmission element on the coupling rod side and the intermediate element or directly on the energy absorption device with reversible energy consumption, however, at least in the end areas, a geometry deviating from the centrally symmetrical design, in particular a cross-sectional shape different from a circular shape, can be given. Elliptical, oval, ellipse-like or other cross-sectional geometries are conceivable. With an energy absorbing member, such as with a spring element, the one has such a cross-sectional shape different from a circular shape, rotation of the energy-absorbing member relative to the transmission element or intermediate element can be prevented in an effective manner when the energy-absorbing member is flush. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the intermediate element is designed as a cone at least on one end face. In cooperation with a destructive energy-absorbing element in the form of a deformation tube, this allows an optimized introduction of force.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung umfasst die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr zumindest ein destruktives Verformungselement. Bezüglich der Anordnung und Ausbildung dessen besteht eine Mehrzahl von Möglichkeiten. Vorzugsweise ist das einzelne destruktive Verformungselement als ein Element aus der nachfolgenden Gruppe von Elementen ausgebildet: ein Verformungskörper, ein Verformungsrohr oder eine Wabenstruktur. Bei einem Verformungskörper handelt es sich dabei um ein dreidimensionales Gebilde beliebiger Kontur. Dies bietet den Vorteil, das destruktiv verformbare Element an beliebige Anschlussgeometrien und Einbausituationen sowie den Lastfall anpassen zu können.In an advantageous embodiment, the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption comprises at least one destructive deformation element. There are a number of possibilities with regard to the arrangement and design thereof. The individual destructive deformation element is preferably designed as an element from the following group of elements: a deformation body, a deformation tube or a honeycomb structure. A deformation body is a three-dimensional structure of any contour. This offers the advantage of being able to adapt the destructively deformable element to any connection geometries and installation situations as well as the load case.

Bei Ausbildung als Verformungsrohr ist dieses zumindest auf einem Teilbereich seiner axialen Erstreckung als Hohlprofilelement ausgebildet, wobei der Querschnitt des Hohlprofiles als Rohr, Kastenprofil oder Vieleck ausgeführt ist. Die Ausbildung als Rohr bietet im Zusammenhang mit der Ausbildung der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung als Federeinheit den Vorteil, beide koaxial zueinander ausgerichtet in einem Gehäuse anzuordnen. Die Ansprechkraft und das gewünschte Verformungsverhalten kann dabei als Funktion der Geometrie der Querschnittsfläche, Wandstärke, Erstreckung in Längsrichtung (Länge) sowie des verwendeten Materials eingestellt werden.When designed as a deformation tube, this is designed as a hollow profile element at least over a partial area of its axial extension, the cross section of the hollow profile being designed as a tube, box profile or polygon. The design as a tube, in conjunction with the design of the reversible energy absorption device as a spring unit, offers the advantage of arranging the two coaxially aligned with one another in a housing. The response force and the desired deformation behavior can be set as a function of the geometry of the cross-sectional area, wall thickness, extension in the longitudinal direction (length) and the material used.

Vorzugsweise sind die einzelnen Energieverzehreinrichtungen in einem Gehäuse angeordnet, wobei das Gehäuse vorzugsweise mehrteilig ausgebildet ist.The individual energy dissipation devices are preferably arranged in a housing, the housing preferably being formed in several parts.

Dadurch kann eine gegenüber Umwelteinflüssen in der Einbausituation gekapselte Ausführung bereitgestellt werden, die als eigenständig handhabbare vormontierte Einheit vorliegt und in dieser Form montierbar ist.This makes it possible to provide a design that is encapsulated with respect to environmental influences in the installation situation, which is present as an independently manageable preassembled unit and can be installed in this form.

Die Anschlagbereiche für die Einleitung von Zugkräften und/oder Druckkräften am Wagenkasten sind vorzugsweise an einer mit dem Wagenkasten verbindbaren Führung angeordnet, wobei die Führung vorzugsweise von einem Profilelement gebildet ist.The stop areas for introducing tensile forces and / or compressive forces on the car body are preferably arranged on a guide that can be connected to the car body, the guide preferably being formed by a profile element.

Die erfindungsgemäße Energieverzehrvorrichtung mit zwei in Längsrichtung der Energieverzehrvorrichtung über zumindest eine Spanneinrichtung, insbesondere Zuganker gegeneinander verspannten Übertragungselementen und zumindest einer zwischen den Übertragungselementen angeordneten reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Energieverzehrvorrichtung des Weiteren eine Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr umfasst, wobei die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblen Energieverzehr zumindest teilweise einander nebengeordnet oder zumindest teilweise einander nachgeordnet sind und dass die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung sich wenigstens mittelbar an der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr abstützt und die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr sich mit ihren voneinander wegweisenden Stirnseiten jeweils an einem der beiden Übertragungselemente abstützen.The energy absorption device according to the invention with two transmission elements braced against each other in the longitudinal direction of the energy absorption device, in particular tie rods, and at least one reversible energy absorption device arranged between the transmission elements, is characterized in that the energy absorption device further comprises an energy absorption device with irreversible energy absorption, the reversible energy absorption device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption are at least partially arranged next to each other or at least partially arranged after each other and that the reversible energy absorbing device is at least indirectly supported on the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption and the reversible energy absorbing device and the energy absorbing device with irreversible energy consumption each have a facing away from each other Support one of the two transmission elements.

Die Energieverzehrvorrichtung vereint Vorteile reversiblen und irreversiblen Energieverzehrs auf minimalem Bauraum in einer kompakten baulichen Einheit, welche vorgefertigt werden kann.The energy dissipation device combines advantages of reversible and irreversible energy consumption in a minimal installation space in a compact structural unit, which can be prefabricated.

Um besonders kompakte und einfach aufgebaute Energieverzehrvorrichtungen zu schaffen, sind die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr vorzugsweise koaxial zueinander angeordnet.In order to create particularly compact and simply constructed energy dissipation devices, the reversible energy dissipation device and the Energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption, preferably arranged coaxially to one another.

Um ein genau definiertes Ansprechen des destruktiven Elementes zu erzielen ist vorzugsweise zwischen der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung und der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr eine Abschereinrichtung vorgesehen, die derart ausgelegt und angeordnet ist, bei Überschreitung einer maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft anzusprechen und eine destruktive Einwirkung auf die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr zuzulassen.In order to achieve a precisely defined response of the destructive element, a shearing device is preferably provided between the reversible energy dissipation device and the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption, which is designed and arranged to respond when a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is exceeded and a destructive effect on the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption.

In vorteilhafter Weise werden größere Abstützflächen sowie die Zuordnung zueinander und ggf. ein Ausgleich von Versatz zwischen reversibler Energieverzehreinrichtung und der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr durch die Anordnung eines Zwischenelementes zwischen diesen erzielt, welches eine Abstützfläche für die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung und eine Abstützfläche für die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr bildet, wobei das Zwischenelement und die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr bis zum Erreichen einer maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft als Stützeinheit für die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung fungieren und erst bei Überschreitung der maximal zulässigen Zug-/Stoßkraft eine Abschereinrichtung betätigt und/oder destruktiv auf die Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr einwirkt. Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausbildung ist das Zwischenelement dazu als Kegel ausgeführt.Advantageously, larger support surfaces as well as the assignment to one another and, if necessary, a compensation of the offset between the reversible energy dissipation device and the energy dissipation device with irreversible energy consumption are achieved by arranging an intermediate element between them, which has a support surface for the reversible energy dissipation device and a support surface for the energy dissipation device with irreversible Forms energy consumption, wherein the intermediate element and the energy absorption device with irreversible energy consumption function as a support unit for the reversible energy absorption device until a maximum permissible tensile / impact force is reached and a shear device is only actuated and / or destructively on the energy absorption device when the maximum permissible tensile / impact force is exceeded acts with irreversible energy consumption. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, the intermediate element is designed as a cone for this purpose.

Bezüglich der Vorteile der Ausbildung der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung mit zumindest einem oder einer Mehrzahl reversibler Energieverzehrglieder, die hinsichtlich der Führung des Kraftflusses in Reihe oder parallel geschaltet sein können sowie die Ausbildung der Energieverzehreinrichtung mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr wird auf die bereits genannten Vorteile in Zusammenhang mit der Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung verwiesen.With regard to the advantages of the design of the reversible energy dissipation device with at least one or a plurality of reversible energy dissipation elements, which can be connected in series or in parallel with regard to the management of the power flow, and the design of the energy dissipation device with irreversible Energy consumption is referred to the advantages already mentioned in connection with the pulling / buffing device.

Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung ist nachfolgend anhand von Figuren erläutert. Darin ist im Einzelnen folgendes dargestellt:

Figur 1a
zeigt eine Kupplungsanordnung gemäß dem Stand der Technik;
Figuren 2a und 2b
zeigen anhand eines Ausschnittes aus einer Kupplungsanordnung eine erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete ZugStoßeinrichtung in zwei Ansichten,
Figur 3
zeigt die Energieverzehrvorrichtung.
The solution according to the invention is explained below with reference to figures. The following is shown in detail:
Figure 1a
shows a coupling arrangement according to the prior art;
Figures 2a and 2b
show, based on a section of a coupling arrangement, a tension buffing device designed according to the invention in two views,
Figure 3
shows the energy dissipation device.

Die Figur 1 zeigt beispielhaft eine Ausbildung einer aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Mittelpufferkupplung 101. Die theoretische Längsachse L der Mittelpufferkupplung 101 fällt in Einbaulage mit der Längsrichtung des Fahrzeuges zusammen. Die Richtungen der während des Betriebes auftretenden Zug- und Druckbelastungen auf die Kupplungsstange 102 sind für die Zugrichtung mit Z und die Druckrichtung mit D bezeichnet.The Figure 1 shows an example of a design of a central buffer coupling 101 known from the prior art. The theoretical longitudinal axis L of the central buffer coupling 101 coincides with the longitudinal direction of the vehicle in the installed position. The directions of the tensile and compressive loads on the coupling rod 102 that occur during operation are denoted by Z for the pulling direction and D for the pushing direction.

Bei der dargestellten Mittelpufferkupplung 101 handelt es sich beispielhaft um eine Mittelpufferkupplung vom Typ SA-3, bei welcher eine Kupplungsstange 102 über einen Keil 130 mit einem mit dem Untergestell 109 eines Wagenkastens verbundenen Zugbügel 104 verbunden ist. Auf der vom Wagenkasten abgewandten Seite ist die Kupplungsstange 102 mit einem Kupplungskopf 103 entweder direkt oder bei unterteilter Kupplungsstange 102 über weitere Zwischenelemente gekoppelt. Zwischen der Kupplungsstange 102, insbesondere dem zum Wagenkasten gerichteten Endbereich der Kupplungsstange 102 und dem Wagenkasten ist eine Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung 105 angeordnet, welche eine, zumindest eine Energieverzehreinrichtung 107, insbesondere wenigstens ein reversibles Energieverzehrelement aufweisende Energieverzehrvorrichtung 106 in Form eines Federapparates umfasst, wobei auch der Einsatz einer Energieverzehreinrichtung, umfassend zumindest ein destruktives Energieverzehrelement in Form eines Verformungsrohres denkbar ist. Die Anordnung erfolgt dabei innerhalb der Erstreckung des Zugbügels 104 zwischen Kupplungsstange 102 und Abstützung dieser an dafür vorgesehenen und in Zug-oder Druckrichtung wirksamen Anschlagflächenbereichen am Untergestell 109 des Wagenkastens.The central buffer coupling 101 shown is, for example, a central buffer coupling of the type SA-3, in which a coupling rod 102 is connected via a wedge 130 to a tension bracket 104 connected to the underframe 109 of a car body. On the side facing away from the car body, the coupling rod 102 is coupled with a coupling head 103 either directly or, if the coupling rod 102 is divided, via further intermediate elements. Between the coupling rod 102, in particular the end region of the coupling rod 102 directed towards the car body, and the car body, a pulling and pushing device 105 is arranged, which comprises an energy absorbing device 106 in the form of a spring device, at least one energy absorbing device 107, in particular at least one reversible energy absorbing element the use of a Energy absorption device comprising at least one destructive energy absorption element in the form of a deformation tube is conceivable. The arrangement takes place within the extension of the tension bracket 104 between the coupling rod 102 and support of this on stop surface areas provided for this purpose and effective in the pulling or pushing direction on the underframe 109 of the car body.

Die Figuren 2a und 2b zeigen anhand eines Ausschnittes aus einer Mittelpufferkupplung 1 die erfindungsgemäße Anlenkung einer Kupplungsstange 2 über einen Zugbügel 4 am Untergestell 9 eines Wagenkastens in unterschiedlichen Ansichten.The Figures 2a and 2b show, based on a section from a central buffer coupling 1, the articulation of a coupling rod 2 according to the invention via a tension bracket 4 on the underframe 9 of a car body in different views.

Figur 2a zeigt die wesentlichen Bestandteile der erfindungsgemäß ausgeführten Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung 5 in einer Ansicht von oben, während Figur 2b eine Perspektivansicht wiedergibt. Erkennbar sind lediglich die wesentlichen Elemente der Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung 5. Diese ist derart ausgebildet, dass der Kraftfluss der von der Kupplungsstange 2 übertragenen Zug-/Stoßkräfte vollständig durch die Energieverzehrvorrichtung 6 geleitet wird. Die Energieverzehrvorrichtung 6 umfasst dazu eine reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 7, umfassend zumindest ein reversibles Energieverzehrglied und eine Energieverzehreinrichtung 10 mit irreversiblem Energieverzehr, nachfolgend kurz irreversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 10 genannt. Reversible und irreversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 7 und 10 sind in Reihe angeordnet und in Längsrichtung der Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung 5 betrachtet hintereinander angeordnet. Die Anordnung erfolgt zwischen zwei Übertragungselementen 11 und 12 - einem in Längsrichtung der Kupplungslängsachse L kupplungsstangenseitig angeordneten Übertragungselement 11, insbesondere einer ersten Anschlagplatte, und einem wagenkastenseitig angeordneten Übertragungselement 12, insbesondere zweiten Anschlagplatte, die über wenigstens einen, vorzugsweise mehrere Zuganker 15 miteinander und unter Vorspannung der reversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung 7 verbunden sind. Die bzw. der einzelne Zuganker 15 sind dabei vorzugsweise um den Außenumfang der einzelnen Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7 und 10, insbesondere beabstandet zu diesen angeordnet. Denkbar wäre es auch, die Zuganker durch die Energieverzehreinrichtungen hindurchzuführen und gleichzeitig als Führung, insbesondere für die Federeinheiten mit zu nutzen. Figure 2a shows the essential components of the inventive pulling and buffing device 5 in a view from above, while Figure 2b represents a perspective view. Only the essential elements of the pulling and pushing device 5 can be seen. This is designed in such a way that the power flow of the pulling / pushing forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 is passed completely through the energy absorbing device 6. For this purpose, the energy absorption device 6 comprises a reversible energy absorption device 7, comprising at least one reversible energy absorption element and an energy absorption device 10 with irreversible energy consumption, hereinafter referred to as irreversible energy absorption device 10 for short. Reversible and irreversible energy absorption devices 7 and 10 are arranged in series and, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pulling / buffing device 5, arranged one behind the other. The arrangement takes place between two transmission elements 11 and 12 - a transmission element 11 arranged on the coupling rod side in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal axis L of the coupling, in particular a first stop plate, and a transmission element 12 arranged on the car body side, in particular a second stop plate, which are connected to one another and under prestress via at least one, preferably several tie rods 15 the reversible energy dissipation device 7 are connected. The or the individual tie rods 15 are preferably arranged around the outer circumference of the individual energy dissipation devices 7 and 10, in particular at a distance from them. It would also be conceivable to pass the tie rods through the energy absorption devices and at the same time to use them as guides, in particular for the spring units.

Die Übertragungselemente 11, 12 weisen an ihren voneinander weg gerichteten Stirnseiten jeweils Abstützbereiche 21 und 22, insbesondere in Form von Abstützflächen bzw. Flächenbereichen auf, die mit entsprechenden Anschlagbereichen, insbesondere Anschlägen 13, 14 am Wagenkasten, insbesondere Untergestell 9 in Wirkverbindung bringbar sind. Die Übertragungselemente 11, 12 sind vorzugsweise scheibenförmig oder plattenförmig ausgebildet, können jedoch auch in Funktionskonzentration als Gehäusebestandteile ausgebildet sein, die vorzugsweise zumindest einen Teilbereich einer der Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7 oder 10 in Umfangsrichtung zumindest teilweise umschließend ausgeführt sind. Die Anschläge 13 und 14 können dabei direkt am Untergestell 9 oder aber vorzugsweise in einer an diesem angeordneten Längsträger 8 ausgebildet sein, wobei der Längsträger 8 vorzugsweise mit dem Untergestell 9 am Wagenkasten verbunden ist. Die Anschläge 13 und 14 am Längsträger 8 für den Zugbügel 4 fungieren dabei als Zug- oder Druckanschlag. Der im dargestellten Fall in Längsrichtung L kupplungsstangenseitig angeordnete Anschlag 13 fungiert als Zuganschlag, während der Anschlag 14 als Druckanschlag fungiert. Die Anschläge 13 und 14 weisen jeweils mit der Energieverzehrvorrichtung 6, insbesondere den Übertragungselementen 11 und 12 zusammenwirkende Abstützbereiche, insbesondere Abstützflächenbereiche 24 und 25 auf.The transmission elements 11, 12 each have support areas 21 and 22 on their end faces facing away from each other, in particular in the form of support surfaces or surface areas, which can be brought into operative connection with corresponding stop areas, in particular stops 13, 14 on the car body, in particular underframe 9. The transmission elements 11, 12 are preferably disk-shaped or plate-shaped, but can also be designed in functional concentration as housing components that are preferably designed to at least partially enclose at least a portion of one of the energy dissipation devices 7 or 10 in the circumferential direction. The stops 13 and 14 can be formed directly on the underframe 9 or, however, preferably in a longitudinal member 8 arranged on this, the longitudinal member 8 preferably being connected to the underframe 9 on the car body. The stops 13 and 14 on the side member 8 for the tension bracket 4 act as a tension or pressure stop. The stop 13 arranged on the coupling rod side in the longitudinal direction L in the illustrated case acts as a tension stop, while the stop 14 acts as a pressure stop. The stops 13 and 14 each have support areas, in particular support surface areas 24 and 25, which interact with the energy absorbing device 6, in particular the transmission elements 11 and 12.

Die Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung 5 ist derart ausgebildet, dass der Kraftfluss der von der Kupplungsstange 2 übertragenen Druckkräfte vom kupplungsstangenseitigen und in Längsrichtung L vorderen Übertragungselement 11 über die Energieverzehreinrichtung 7 auf die dem ersten Übertragungselement 11 gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche des zweiten Übertragungselementes 12 übertragen wird und der Kraftfluss der von der Kupplungsstange 2 und dem Zugbügel 4 übertragenen Zugkräfte vom wagenkastenseitigen hinteren Übertragungselement 12 über die Energieverzehrvorrichtung 6 auf die dem wagenkastenseitigen Übertragungselement 12 gegenüberliegende Stirnfläche am kupplungsstangenseitigen Übertragungselement 11 und von dieser auf den ersten Anschlag 13 über das Zusammenwirken der Abstützbereiche 21 und 24 am ersten Übertragungselement 11 und am Zuganschlag 13 erfolgt.The pulling and pushing device 5 is designed in such a way that the flow of force of the compressive forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 from the coupling rod-side and the front transmission element 11 in the longitudinal direction L via the energy absorption device 7 to the first transmission element 11 opposite end face of the second transmission element 12 is transmitted and the force flow of the tensile forces transmitted by the coupling rod 2 and the tension bracket 4 from the rear transmission element 12 on the car body side via the energy dissipation device 6 to the end face on the transmission element 11 on the coupling rod side opposite the transmission element 12 on the wagon body side and from this to the first stop 13 takes place via the interaction of the support areas 21 and 24 on the first transmission element 11 and on the tension stop 13.

Der Zugbügel 4 ist mit dem fahrzeugseitig ausgerichteten Endbereich der Kupplungsstange 4, hier über einen senkrecht zur Längsachse L ausgerichteten Keil 30 verbunden, wobei die Verbindung mit oder frei von einer Relativbewegungsmöglichkeit zwischen Kupplungsstange 2 und Zugbügel 4 sein kann.The tension bracket 4 is connected to the end area of the coupling rod 4 oriented on the vehicle side, here via a wedge 30 aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, the connection with or free of a possibility of relative movement between the coupling rod 2 and the tension bracket 4.

Die einzelnen Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7 und 10 liegen dabei jeweils mit ihren zu den Übertragungselementen 11, 12 weisenden Stirnseiten mit Flächenbereichen vorzugsweise vollständig an entsprechend ausgebildeten Flächenbereichen 27 und 28 an diesen an.The individual energy dissipation devices 7 and 10 each lie with their front sides facing the transmission elements 11, 12 with surface areas, preferably completely against correspondingly designed surface areas 27 and 28 on the latter.

Die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 7 umfasst zumindest ein Energieverzehrglied. Dieses ist in besonders vorteilhafter Ausbildung als Federapparat, insbesondere Polymerfeder ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise ist dieses an einer zwischen einem Zwischenelement 17 und Übertragungselement 11 vorgesehenen Führung 29, insbesondere einen Führungsbolzen geführt. Die Querschnittsgeometrie dessen ist beliebig wählbar. Vorzugsweise werden kreisförmige Querschnittsgeometrien oder mit geringer Abweichung von der Kreisform gewählt.The reversible energy absorption device 7 comprises at least one energy absorption element. This is designed in a particularly advantageous embodiment as a spring device, in particular a polymer spring. This is preferably guided on a guide 29, in particular a guide bolt, provided between an intermediate element 17 and transmission element 11. The cross-sectional geometry of this can be selected as desired. Preferably, circular cross-sectional geometries or with little deviation from the circular shape are selected.

Die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung ist zwischen dem kupplungsseitigen Übertragungselement 11 und der irreversiblen Energieverzehreinrichtung 10 angeordnet. Die irreversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 10 umfasst im dargestellten Fall ein irreversibles Verformungselement in Form eines Verformungsrohres 16. Darunter ist ein Element zu verstehen, welches bei Beaufschlagung mit einer Kraft, die größer als die maximal zulässige Kraft ist, sich zumindest plastisch verformt.The reversible energy dissipation device is between the clutch-side transmission element 11 and the irreversible energy dissipation device 10 arranged. In the case shown, the irreversible energy dissipation device 10 comprises an irreversible deformation element in the form of a deformation tube 16. This is to be understood as an element which at least plastically deforms when a force is applied that is greater than the maximum permissible force.

Die Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7 und 10 sind koaxial zueinander angeordnet und vorzugsweise nebengeordnet, wobei zwischen diesen ein Zwischenelement 17 vorgesehen sein kann, im dargestellten Fall ist. Über dieses stützt sich die reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung 7, insbesondere die Federeinrichtung am Verformungsrohr ab. Dazu weist das Zwischenelement 17 an der zum kupplungsstangenseitigen Übertragungselement 11 gerichteten Stirnseite einen Flächenbereich auf, der als Abstützbereich für die Federeinrichtung, insbesondere den in Einbaulage wagenkastenseitigen Endbereich dient. Vorzugsweise stützt sich die Federeinrichtung vollflächig am Zwischenelement 17 ab. An der der kupplungsstangenseitigen Stirnseite gegenüberliegenden Stirnseite stützt sich das Verformungsrohr 16 ab. Diese weist vorzugsweise Anschlagfläche zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Gegenelement auf, die in Längsrichtung des Energieverzehrelementes betrachtet geneigt ausgebildet ist. Das Verformungsrohr weist im kupplungsstangenseitigen Endbereich einen Wandbereich auf, dessen Stirnfläche bündig am Zwischenelement 17 zur Anlage gelangt. Vorzugsweise sind die beiden miteinander in Wirkverbindung stehenden bzw. aneinander anliegenden Flächenbereiche, insbesondere von Zwischenelement 17 und Verformungsrohr 16 geneigt in Längsrichtung ausgebildet, bei Ausbildung mit kreis- oder ringförmigen Querschnitt als Kegelflächen.
Am zur Anlage am Zwischenelement 17 vorgesehenen Flächenbereich des Verformungsrohres 16 in Längsrichtung nachgeordnet ist eine Abschereinrichtung 18 in Form eines am Innenumfang des Verformungsrohres 16 angeordneten Vorsprunges. Bezüglich der konkreten Ausbildung der Abschereinrichtung besteht eine Mehrzahl von Möglichkeiten. In besonders vorteilhafter Weise wird die einzelne Anschlagfläche von einem am Energieverzehrelement ausgebildeten oder mit diesem verbundenen Vorsprung gebildet. Die einteilige Ausbildung bietet den Vorteil einer einfachen Fertigung. Eine gleichmäßige Lasteinleitung wird dadurch gewährleistet, dass die einzelne Anschlagfläche in Umfangsrichtung des Energieverzehrelementes betrachtet geschlossen ausgeführt ist. Im Überlastfall wird durch diese Ausbildung ein Abscheren des Vorsprunges und Aufweiten des Verformungsrohres 16 gewährleistet.The energy dissipation devices 7 and 10 are arranged coaxially with respect to one another and are preferably arranged next to one another, it being possible for an intermediate element 17 to be provided between them, in the case shown. The reversible energy absorption device 7, in particular the spring device, is supported on the deformation tube via this. For this purpose, the intermediate element 17 has a surface area on the end face directed towards the coupling rod-side transmission element 11, which serves as a support area for the spring device, in particular the end area on the car body side in the installed position. The spring device is preferably supported over the entire surface on the intermediate element 17. The deformation tube 16 is supported on the end face opposite the end face on the coupling rod side. This preferably has a stop surface for interaction with the counter-element, which is designed to be inclined when viewed in the longitudinal direction of the energy-absorbing element. In the end region on the coupling rod side, the deformation tube has a wall region, the end face of which comes to rest flush against the intermediate element 17. The two surface areas that are operatively connected to one another or abut one another, in particular of the intermediate element 17 and the deformation tube 16, are preferably inclined in the longitudinal direction, with a circular or ring-shaped cross section as conical surfaces.
A shearing device 18 in the form of a projection arranged on the inner circumference of the deformation tube 16 is arranged downstream of the surface area of the deformation tube 16 provided for contact with the intermediate element 17. There are a number of possibilities with regard to the specific design of the shearing device. In a particularly advantageous manner, the individual stop surface formed by a projection formed on or connected to the energy absorbing element. The one-piece training offers the advantage of simple manufacture. A uniform load introduction is ensured by the fact that the individual stop surface is designed to be closed when viewed in the circumferential direction of the energy absorption element. In the event of an overload, this design ensures that the projection shears off and the deformation tube 16 is expanded.

Die Energieverzehreinrichtung 7 ist von einem Gehäuseteil 19 umschlossen. Dieses umschließt einen Teilbereich der Energieverzehreinrichtung 7, insbesondere der Federeinrichtung in Längsrichtung betrachtet in Umfangsrichtung unter Ausbildung eines Abstandes, der einen Hohlraum beschreibt und bei Verformung der Federeinrichtung zumindest teilweise ausgefüllt wird. Ein weiterer Gehäuseteil ist hier direkt am Übertragungselement 11 ausgebildet und erstreckt sich in Längsrichtung betrachtet über einen Teilbereich der Erstreckung der Energieverzehreinrichtung 7, insbesondere der Federeinrichtung. Eine zumindest teilweise Überlappung des weiteren Gehäuseteils und des Gehäuseteils 19 sind möglich.The energy dissipation device 7 is enclosed by a housing part 19. This encloses a partial area of the energy absorbing device 7, in particular the spring device viewed in the longitudinal direction in the circumferential direction, forming a distance that describes a cavity and is at least partially filled when the spring device is deformed. Another housing part is formed here directly on the transmission element 11 and, viewed in the longitudinal direction, extends over a partial area of the extent of the energy absorbing device 7, in particular the spring device. An at least partial overlap of the further housing part and the housing part 19 are possible.

Vorzugsweise sind in den zu den Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7 und 10 gerichteten Stirnseiten der Übertragungselemente 11, 12 Mittel zur Führung dieser integriert. Bei diesen kann es sich um Ausnehmungen handeln oder aber Vorsprünge, die die Energieverzehreinrichtungen hinsichtlich ihrer Lage gegenüber dem Übertragungselement quer zur Längsrichtung fixieren, d.h. ein Verrutschen oder Verschieben quer zur Längsrichtung vermeiden.Preferably, means for guiding them are integrated in the end faces of the transmission elements 11, 12 directed towards the energy absorption devices 7 and 10. These can be recesses or projections which fix the energy absorbing devices with regard to their position relative to the transmission element transversely to the longitudinal direction, i.e. Avoid slipping or shifting across the longitudinal direction.

Figur 3 zeigt beispielhaft eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Zug- und Stoßeinrichtung 5 mit der Energieverzehrvorrichtung 6. Diese umfasst zwei zum Zusammenwirken mit fahrzeugseitig angeordneten Anschlägen 13, 14 vorgesehene Übertragungselemente 11, 12, die in axialer Richtung beabstandet unter Zwischenordnung der Energieverzehreinrichtungen 7, 10 angeordnet sind und über Zuganker 15 gegeneinander verspannt sind. Die Anschläge 13, 14 sind insbesondere am Untergestell 9 vorgesehen und weisen Abstützflächen bzw. Abstützflächenbereiche 24 und 25 zum Zusammenwirken mit den Übertragungselementen 11, 12 auf. Vorzugsweise sind die Übertragungselemente 11, 12 platten- oder scheibenförmig ausgebildet, wobei die Abstützbereiche 21 und 22 zum Zusammenwirken mit den fahrzeugseitig angeordneten Anschlägen 13, 14 von flächigen Bereichen bzw. Flächenbereichen gebildet werden. Erkennbar im Teilschnitt sind ferner das Zwischenelement 17 und die Abschereinrichtung 18. Figure 3 shows an example of a particularly advantageous design of the pulling and buffing device 5 with the energy absorbing device 6. This comprises two transmission elements 11, 12 provided for cooperation with stops 13, 14 arranged on the vehicle side, which are spaced apart in the axial direction with the interposition of the energy absorbing devices 7, 10 and are braced against each other via tie rods 15. The stops 13, 14 are provided in particular on the underframe 9 and have support surfaces or support surface areas 24 and 25 for interaction with the transmission elements 11, 12. The transmission elements 11, 12 are preferably designed in the form of plates or discs, the support areas 21 and 22 being formed by flat areas or area areas for interaction with the stops 13, 14 arranged on the vehicle side. The intermediate element 17 and the shearing device 18 can also be seen in the partial section.

Die Figur 3 zeigt eine Energieverzehreinrichtung 7, umfassend ein Federpaket. Denkbar sind auch Ausführungen mit mehreren Federeinheiten, die funktional in Reihe geschaltet sind.The Figure 3 shows an energy dissipation device 7 comprising a spring assembly. Designs with several spring units that are functionally connected in series are also conceivable.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols

11
MittelpufferkupplungCentral buffer coupling
22
KupplungsstangeCoupling rod
33
KupplungskopfCoupling head
44th
ZugbügelDrawbar
55
Zug-/StoßeinrichtungPull / bumper device
66th
EnergieverzehrvorrichtungEnergy dissipation device
77th
reversible Energieverzehreinrichtungreversible energy dissipation device
88th
LangsträgerLong beams
99
UntergestellUnderframe
1010
irreversible Energieverzehreinrichtungirreversible energy dissipation device
1111
zugseitiges Übertragungselement, insbesondere AnschlagplatteTransmission element on the pull side, in particular a stop plate
1212
druckseitiges Übertragungselement, insbesondere Anschlagplattetransmission element on the pressure side, in particular stop plate
1313
Anschlag, insbesondere ZuganschlagStop, especially cable stop
1414th
Anschlag, insbesondere DruckanschlagStop, especially pressure stop
1515th
ZugankerTie rod
1616
VerformungsrohrDeformation tube
1717th
Kegelcone
1818th
AbscherbereichShear area
1919th
Gehäusecasing
2020th
FedereinheitSpring unit
2121st
Abstützbereich, insbesondere Flächenbereich am zugseitigen Übertragungselement zur Anlage an ZuganschlagSupport area, in particular surface area on the tension-side transmission element for contact with the tension stop
2222nd
Abstützbereich, insbesondere Flächenbereich am druckseitigen Übertragungselement zur Anlage an DruckanschlagSupport area, in particular surface area on the pressure-side transmission element for contact with pressure stop
2323
Gehäuseteil; erweiterter BereichHousing part; extended area
2424
Abstützfläche, insbesondere Abstützflächenbereich am ZuganschlagSupport surface, in particular support surface area on the cable stop
2525th
Abstützfläche, insbesondere Abstützflächenbereich am DruckanschlagSupport surface, in particular support surface area on the pressure stop
2727
Abstützfläche, insbesondere Abstützflächenbereich am zugseitigen Übertragungselement für Energieverzehreinrichtung 7Support surface, in particular support surface area on the tension-side transmission element for energy absorption device 7
2828
Abstützfläche, insbesondere Abstützflächenbereich am druckseitigen Übertragungselement für irreversiblen EnergieverzehrSupport surface, in particular support surface area on the pressure-side transmission element for irreversible energy consumption
2929
Führungguide
3030th
Keilwedge
101101
Mittelpufferkupplung (Stand der Technik)Central buffer coupling (state of the art)
102102
Kupplungsstange (Stand der Technik)Coupling rod (state of the art)
103103
Kupplungskopf (Stand der Technik)Coupling head (state of the art)
104104
Zugbügel (Stand der Technik)Drawbar (state of the art)
105105
Zug-/Stoßeinrichtung (Stand der Technik)Drawbar / bumper device (state of the art)
106106
Energieverzehreinichtung (Stand der Technik)Energy absorption device (state of the art)
107107
reversible Energieverzehreinrichtung (Stand der Technik)reversible energy dissipation device (state of the art)
130130
Keil (Stand der Technik)Wedge (state of the art)
DD.
DruckrichtungPrint direction
ZZ
ZugrichtungDirection of pull

Claims (23)

  1. Pulling and pushing device (5) for a track-guided vehicle, in particular rail vehicle, having a coupling bar (2) which is connected to a carriage body of a vehicle via a tension yoke (4) and which serves for transmitting from the coupling bar (2) to the carriage body pulling and pushing forces arising during driving operation, and having an energy absorption apparatus (6) which is arranged between the carriage body-side end region of the coupling bar (2) and the carriage body and which has a reversible energy absorption device (7), wherein the energy absorption apparatus (6) is designed such that the force flow of the pressure forces or pushing forces transmitted from the coupling bar to said energy absorption apparatus and of the pulling forces transmitted via the tension yoke is directed through said energy absorption apparatus and transmitted to the carriage body via stop regions (13, 14) for the introduction of pulling forces and/or pressure forces to the carriage body or to a component connected at least indirectly to the latter, wherein the energy absorption apparatus (6), in the installation position, has, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the coupling bar (2), a vehicle-side front transmission element (11) and a vehicle-side rear transmission element (12), between which transmission elements the reversible energy absorption device (7) is arranged in a prestressed manner,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption apparatus (6) furthermore comprises an energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, and the energy absorption apparatus (6) is arranged within the axial extent of the tension yoke (4) as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
  2. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption is arranged in series with the reversible energy absorption device (7), wherein the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption is irreversibly deformed or destroyed in the event of a predefined maximum pulling/pushing force being exceeded.
  3. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to either of Claims 1 and 2,
    characterized
    in that, between the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, provision is made of a shearing device (18) which is designed and arranged such that, in the event of a maximum permissible pulling/pushing force being exceeded, it responds and permits destructive action on the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption.
  4. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, as viewed in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, is arranged at least partially beside or at least partially after the reversible energy absorption device (7), wherein reversible energy absorption device (7) is supported at least indirectly against the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, and the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption are, with their end sides which point away from one another, each supported against one of the two transmission elements (11, 12);
    the transmission elements (11, 12) are braced with respect to one another via at least one tensioning device, in particular a tie rod (15), and comprise support surfaces or support surface regions (21, 22) for interaction with support surfaces or support surface regions (24, 25), provided on the vehicle side, for the introduction of pulling and/or pressure forces, wherein the reversible energy absorption device (7) is arranged so as to be supported against a first transmission element (11) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption is arranged so as to be supported against the opposite transmission element (12), and the transmission elements (11, 12) are braced with respect to one another via a tie rod (15) .
  5. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption are arranged between the two transmission elements (11, 12) so as to be coaxial with one another.
  6. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that, between the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, there is arranged an intermediate element (17) which forms a support surface for the reversible energy absorption device (7) and forms a support surface for the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, wherein the intermediate element (17) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, up to attainment of a maximum permissible pulling/pushing force, act as a support unit for the reversible energy absorption device (7), and, in the event of the maximum permissible pulling/pressing force being exceeded, the shearing device (18) is actuated and/or acts on the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption in a destructive manner.
  7. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 6,
    characterized
    in that the intermediate element (17) has on its end side directed towards the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption a surface region which is formed to be suitable for interaction with the shearing device and/or with at least one surface region on the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption.
  8. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 6 or 7,
    characterized
    in that the intermediate element (17) is formed as a cone comprising an end surface, for supporting the reversible energy absorption device (7), and a stop surface, in interaction with the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption.
  9. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) comprises at least one or a plurality of reversible energy absorption members which, with respect to the directing of the force flow, are arranged in series or parallel.
  10. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 9,
    characterized
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) comprises at least one polymer spring.
  11. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption comprises at least one destructive deformation element.
  12. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 11,
    characterized
    in that the destructive deformation element is formed as an element from the following group of elements:
    - a deformation body
    - a deformation tube (16) or
    - a honeycomb structure.
  13. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 8 or 9,
    characterized
    in that the deformation tube (16) is formed as a hollow profile element at least on a sub-region of its axial extent, wherein the cross section of the hollow profile is selected from the following group of profiles:
    - tube
    - box
    - polygon.
  14. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of Claims 1 to 13,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption apparatus (6) is surrounded at least partially, preferably completely, by a housing (19).
  15. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to Claim 14,
    characterized
    in that the housing (19) is of multi-part form and is, at least partially, formed integrally with the transmission elements (11, 12).
  16. Pulling and pushing device (5) according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterized
    in that the stops or the stop regions for the introduction of pulling forces and/or pressure forces to the carriage body are arranged on a guide (8) which is connectable to the carriage body, wherein the guide is preferably formed by a profile element.
  17. Energy absorption apparatus (6) having two transmission elements (11, 12) which are braced with respect to one another in the longitudinal direction of the energy absorption apparatus (6) via at least one tensioning device, in particular a tie rod (15), and having at least one reversible energy absorption device (7) which is arranged between the transmission elements,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption apparatus (6) furthermore comprises an energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, wherein the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption are arranged at least partially beside one another or at least partially one after the other,
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) is supported at least indirectly against the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, and the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption are, with their end sides which point away from one another, each supported against one of the two transmission elements (11, 12).
  18. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to Claim 17,
    characterized
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption are arranged so as to be coaxial with one another.
  19. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to Claim 17 or 18,
    characterized
    in that, between the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, provision is made of a shearing device (18) which is designed and arranged such that, in the event of a maximum permissible pulling/pushing force being exceeded, it responds and permits destructive action on the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption.
  20. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to Claims 17 to 19,
    characterized
    in that, between the reversible energy absorption device (7) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, there is arranged an intermediate element (17) which forms a support surface for the reversible energy absorption device (7) and forms a support surface for the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, wherein the intermediate element (17) and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption, up to attainment of a maximum permissible pulling/pushing force, act as a support unit for the reversible energy absorption device (7), and, in the event of the maximum permissible pulling/pressing force being exceeded, a shearing device (18) is actuated and/or acts on the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption in a destructive manner.
  21. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to Claim 20,
    characterized
    in that the intermediate element (17) is formed as a cone comprising an end surface, for supporting the reversible energy absorption device (7), and a stop surface, in interaction with the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption.
  22. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to one of Claims 17 to 21,
    characterized
    in that the reversible energy absorption device (7) comprises at least one or a plurality of reversible energy absorption members which, with respect to the directing of the force flow, are arranged in series or parallel,
    and the energy absorption device (10) with irreversible energy absorption comprises at least one destructive deformation element which is formed as an element from the following group of elements:
    - a deformation body
    - a deformation tube (16) or
    - a honeycomb structure.
  23. Energy absorption apparatus (6) according to one of Claims 17 to 22,
    characterized
    in that the energy absorption apparatus (6) is surrounded at least partially, preferably completely, by a housing (19), wherein the housing (19) is of multi-part form and is, at least partially, formed integrally with the transmission elements (11, 12).
EP15748233.2A 2014-08-22 2015-08-06 Pull and push means Active EP3183157B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15748233T PL3183157T3 (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-06 Pull and push means

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014216719.1A DE102014216719A1 (en) 2014-08-22 2014-08-22 Kupplungsanlenkung
DE102015207849.3A DE102015207849A1 (en) 2015-04-29 2015-04-29 Pull and push device
PCT/EP2015/068164 WO2016026708A1 (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-06 Pull and push means

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3183157A1 EP3183157A1 (en) 2017-06-28
EP3183157B1 true EP3183157B1 (en) 2020-10-07

Family

ID=53800978

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15748233.2A Active EP3183157B1 (en) 2014-08-22 2015-08-06 Pull and push means

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10611387B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3183157B1 (en)
CN (1) CN106573630B (en)
PL (1) PL3183157T3 (en)
RU (1) RU2670735C9 (en)
WO (1) WO2016026708A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3183157A1 (en) 2017-06-28
RU2017105465A3 (en) 2018-09-24
US10611387B2 (en) 2020-04-07
RU2017105465A (en) 2018-09-24
WO2016026708A1 (en) 2016-02-25
US20170158211A1 (en) 2017-06-08
CN106573630A (en) 2017-04-19
RU2670735C9 (en) 2018-11-30
PL3183157T3 (en) 2021-01-25
RU2670735C2 (en) 2018-10-24
CN106573630B (en) 2019-07-09

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