EP3175303B1 - Uhr mit einer oberfläche mit seidenfibroin - Google Patents

Uhr mit einer oberfläche mit seidenfibroin Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3175303B1
EP3175303B1 EP15738111.2A EP15738111A EP3175303B1 EP 3175303 B1 EP3175303 B1 EP 3175303B1 EP 15738111 A EP15738111 A EP 15738111A EP 3175303 B1 EP3175303 B1 EP 3175303B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibroin
component according
component
watchmaking
friction
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15738111.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3175303A1 (de
Inventor
Xavier LANDREAU
Xavier RIOU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cartier International AG
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Cartier International AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3175303A1 publication Critical patent/EP3175303A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B1/00—Driving mechanisms
    • G04B1/10—Driving mechanisms with mainspring
    • G04B1/14—Mainsprings; Bridles therefor
    • G04B1/145—Composition and manufacture of the springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/026—Assembly and manufacture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/14—Component parts or constructional details, e.g. construction of the lever or the escape wheel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/06—Manufacture or mounting processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a component of a watch movement undergoing friction and requiring good tribological properties.
  • the present invention is directed to a bearing, a cog, an exhaust, or a watch motor spring.
  • Lubrication is generally obtained by the application of oils or greases, generally based on hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons or silicones. This solution is not however free from disadvantages.
  • Silk is a well-known natural fiber produced by the larvae of the butterfly Bombyx mori, which has traditionally been used in the form of yarns and fabrics for thousands of years.
  • Fibroin is a highly insoluble protein that is predominantly (up to 90%) composed of the amino acids glycine, alanine, and serine, and has an extremely high fibrous structure and mechanical strength.
  • fibroin is also other natural fibers produced by insects or arachnids which, while much less used, also contain fibroin and are known by their mechanical qualities.
  • the present invention relates to a watch component with fibroin from any natural or artificial source.
  • Embodiments of the invention may include, but are not limited to, fibroin obtained from cocoons of Bombyx mori or other lepidopteran larvae, spiders, bacteria, yeasts, molds, cell cultures. In the context of the invention, fibroin can be obtained from genetically modified organisms.
  • fibroin The unique properties of fibroin have been the subject of much attention, particularly in the medical industry.
  • WO2014011644 for example, provides methods for the production of pure fibroin, and its use as a biocompatible material and in drugs.
  • WO2013163407 For example, it describes the production of fibroin microspheres with a low coefficient of dry friction, however, for a medical application: the treatment of joint pain.
  • WO2012145594 proposes, for example, shaping by molding to produce implantable devices capable of integrating with living tissues.
  • the patent application JP11042106 describes a painting comprising silk particles.
  • the paint is applied to the surface of a watch so that the surface is pleasant to the touch.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide components that can be used in a watch movement without the limitations of the known components, in particular in relation to lubrication and tribological properties.
  • the present invention as defined in claim 1, relates to a component for a watch movement and having a surface undergoing friction at least a portion of which surface is formed of a material comprising fibroin.
  • the fibroin may be applied as a thin layer to the surface of the component, or the component itself may comprise a composite material incorporating fibroin into a suitable matrix. Moreover, the invention also relates to components integrally made of fibroin.
  • fibroin in the context of the invention can be used in pure form, or in combination with functional additives allowing the improvement of its performance, for example plasticizers, adhesives, lubricants, the latter comprising for example mineral oils, glycerol, lipids, solid lubricants or any other suitable lubricating substance, pigments, and so on.
  • functional additives for example plasticizers, adhesives, lubricants, the latter comprising for example mineral oils, glycerol, lipids, solid lubricants or any other suitable lubricating substance, pigments, and so on.
  • the invention can be applied to all components of the watch that are moving or that are subject to friction.
  • the wheels and in particular the working surfaces of the gears; the stones or simple bearings and the axes of mobiles which are housed there; the exhaust members comprising the teeth of the escape wheel, the pallets, the fork and the stinger of the anchor, the ankle and the balance plate; the mainspring and the barrel. This list and however far from exhaustive.
  • the exhaust system 1 comprises in particular an escape wheel 3, comprising an escape wheel secured to an exhaust pinion, pivotally mounted on an axle 30, an anchor 2 pivotally mounted on an anchor rod 23, and a plate 4 driven on a balance shaft 40.
  • the plate 4 comprises a small plate 41 provided with a notch 42 and a large plate 43 provided with an ankle (not shown in FIG. figure 1 ).
  • the anchor 2 comprises arms 21 comprising lifts 22 cooperating with teeth 31 of the escape wheel 3.
  • the rod 20 comprises a dart 24 and a fork 25.
  • the dart 24 is intended to cooperate with the small plate 41 to prevent accidental movements of the fork 25.
  • the fork 25 is preferably mounted directly above the dart 24 and comprises two horns 26 intended to come into contact with the large plate pin 43 so, following the rotation of the pin, to cause the anchor 2 pivoting about its rod 23 in a back and forth motion.
  • the exhaust systems are difficult to develop because they are the compromise between the lowest possible inertia and the best possible tribological properties, in particular, the lifts 22 and the fork 25. Thus, it is difficult to avoid the collars between the plateau pin and the horns 26 of the fork 25 while preserving minimal inertia and even insensitivity to magnetic fields.
  • the mobiles are coated at least partially with a layer comprising fibroin in order to favorably modify their tribology.
  • the layer comprising the fibroin may be a solid layer, for example deposited by evaporation of aqueous solutions of fibroin, or a liquid or colloidal layer, in which fibroin particles are suspended in a liquid matrix or gel.
  • the fibroin layer comprises additives to improve the tribological characteristics, for example lubricants, glycerol, plasticizers, adhesives, pigments, or substances whose purpose is to inhibit the degradation of fibroin.
  • additives to improve the tribological characteristics for example lubricants, glycerol, plasticizers, adhesives, pigments, or substances whose purpose is to inhibit the degradation of fibroin.
  • the fibroin may be a functional component of a composite material, in a solid matrix composed for example by a resin.
  • the composite material may have a fibroin matrix and also reinforcements made of fibroin material of another form.
  • the fibroin when in the form of dispersed particles, in a solid, liquid or gel matrix, they may be microspheres, needles, fibers, or grains or particles of any shape.
  • the watch component of the invention can be made from a monolithic solid block comprising fibroin as the main or secondary ingredient.
  • a monolithic solid block comprising fibroin as the main or secondary ingredient.
  • Such a block can be made for example by fusing powders of fibroin material under high temperatures and pressures.
  • the component of the invention may also alternatively be covered by a tissue or entanglement of fibroin fibers, optionally with additives.
  • the entire surface of the component may be coated with the fibroin-containing layer.
  • the anchor 2 may be coated only at the fork 25 and the lifts 22. In this configuration, the fork 25 and the lifts 22 have a low wear and a low coefficient of friction in association with the ankle.
  • the escape wheel 3 may be coated at the teeth 31.
  • the plate 4 may be coated with the fibroin-containing layer only at the level of the large plateau pin 43.
  • the substrate on which the layer is deposited can be made according to the techniques and materials commonly used in watchmaking, for example steel, brass, nickel silver, gold, titanium. If, on the other hand, fibroin is used as a solid block, or as a functional component (reinforcement and / or matrix) of a composite material, the component of the invention will be entirely made of this material, or will comprise a part made of a material containing fibroin.
  • the component whose surface contains fibroin is used for the manufacture of fixed watch components that are subject to friction.
  • Such components may include the watch frame, for example, the deck and / or the decks, serving as a support for other movable members (not shown in FIG. figure 2 ) of the watch.
  • the figure 2 represents a bridge 50 of a watch.
  • the component 50 may be made of steel, brass, nickel silver, titanium, or any other suitable material.
  • the component 50 may be coated at least partially with a layer comprising fibroin in order to modify the tribology and / or the friction resistance characteristics.
  • the layer may coat the portion supporting the mobile, in particular the portion 52 of the component where the pivot of the mobile comes to hunt.
  • the wall of the hole 51 forming a bearing may be coated with the layer comprising fibroin thereby decreasing the coefficient of friction on the wall of the holes and improving the friction torque between the bearing and the shaft of the mobile which can itself even be coated with fibroin. In this way, it is possible to pass ruby pad (or stone) in which are normally mounted pivots.
  • the hole 51 forming a bearing is in a part made of a material containing fibroin, fixed on the bridge 50.
  • An advantage of the component 50 according to the invention is to allow the production of plates and bridges having very small thicknesses. It therefore becomes possible to manufacture thinner watch cases. Another advantage is to be able to realize the component (frame, plate and / or bridge) in one piece with great precision while avoiding the disadvantages induced by mounting steps (stonework). The flatness and precision of the component are improved despite its small thickness.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to the use, in a component for a watch movement, of a material comprising fibroin.
  • the method for producing components in solid, coated or composite form comprises two steps: a first step of adjusting the experimental conditions for bringing the raw material to flow or to be projected to form an object; this first step involves the development of a suitable protein solution.
  • a second step is to adjust the conditions of the raw material either to bring the raw material to a gel state, or to bring it near the sol-gel transition point.
  • the process uses one or more solvents which may be for example aqueous solvents, fluorinated, ionic liquids or strong acids for example.
  • solvents may be for example aqueous solvents, fluorinated, ionic liquids or strong acids for example.
  • some of the fibroin may remain insoluble and within the solution. This solid material is preferably removed from the solution, for example by centrifugation or pressure filtration.
  • additives may be added. These additives may be, for example, color pigments, anti-wear inserts, polymers, fats or oils, powders, surfactants, etc.
  • additives may be, for example, color pigments, anti-wear inserts, polymers, fats or oils, powders, surfactants, etc.
  • this shaping can take the form of capsules, spheres, fibers, foams, gelled monolithic massifs, or combinations of the above.
  • the formatting of the various architectures described above can be carried out by many processes such as molding, spinning, electrospinning, projection or precipitation (non-exhaustive), or in the form of a monolith by molding.
  • the material developed can advantageously replace liquid lubricants traditionally used in watch movements.
  • Tests carried out on the material of the invention have revealed a dynamic coefficient of friction as low as 0.03 for contact pressures of 50 MPa when in contact with steel under conditions of relative speed of the order mm / s. This low coefficient is maintained for large friction distances (> 1km). All other conditions being equal, this coefficient of friction is lower than that measured for a diamond / diamond contact.
  • the low density of the material (about 1.2 g / cm3) compared to that of steel (about 7 g / cm3) makes it possible to increase the transmission efficiency (by reducing the moments of particularly inertia) and therefore the overall power reserve of the watch movement.
  • the density and the mechanical properties of the components are close to those of the plastic components of the PEEK type.
  • the tribological properties particularly in terms of coefficient of friction and wear, are much higher.
  • the developed components successfully validate the tests of resistance to chemicals and climatic watchmaking, including synthetic sweat tests, salt spray or tropical climate.

Claims (15)

  1. Bauteil für ein Uhrwerk, mit einer Oberfläche, welches einer Reibung unterliegt, und wovon mindestens ein Teil dieser Oberfläche aus einem Material gebildet ist, das Fibroin umfasst.
  2. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1, worin die besagte Reibungsfläche eine der folgenden ist: Oberfläche einer Schwenkwelle, die an einem Lager befestigt ist; Lageroberfläche eines Lagers zur Aufnahme einer Schwenkachse; Impulsfläche einer Hemmung; Oberfläche einer Ankerpalette; Kontaktfläche eines Zahnes; Oberfläche einer Zugfeder; innere Oberfläche eines Federhauses.
  3. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin die besagte Oberfläche mindestens teilweise mit mindestens einer Schicht aus Fibroin oder mit einem Satz von mit Fibroin gewebten oder verwickelten Fasern beschichtet ist.
  4. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin das besagte Material ein Verbundmaterial mit Partikeln und/oder Mikrosphären und/oder Granulaten und/oder Fibroin-Fasern in einer polymeren, synthetischen oder metallischen Matrix ist.
  5. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin das Fibroin in einer festen Matrix, insbesondere aus Harz, enthalten ist.
  6. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, worin das Fibroin gelförmig ist.
  7. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 1 oder 2, umfassend ein festes Fibroin-Element.
  8. Bauteil gemäss Anspruch 3, worin die Beschichtung eine Dicke zwischen 2 und 100µm aufweist.
  9. Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, worin das Fibroin-Material Zusätze zur Verbesserung der tribologischen Eigenschaften enthält.
  10. Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 und 3 bis 9, welches eine feste Komponente eines Uhrrahmens bildet, welcher als Träger für mindestens ein bewegliches Element dient.
  11. Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 und 3 bis 9, welches ein bewegliches Element bildet, das schwenkbar an einer Welle angebracht werden soll, die von einer festen Komponente eines Uhrrahmens getragen wird.
  12. Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, welches vollständig aus einem Material hergestellt ist, welches Fibroin enthält.
  13. Hemmungssystem für ein Uhrwerk, mit einem Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 und 3 bis 9, wobei das besagte Bauteil eines der Hemmungselemente ist und die besagte einer Reibung unterliegende Oberfläche eine der folgenden ist: die Zähne des Hemmungsrads, die Paletten, die Gabel, der Sicherheitsstift, der Anker, der Dübel, die Unruhplatte, die Zugfeder und das Federhaus.
  14. Uhrwerk mit mindestens einem Bauteil gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12.
  15. Uhr mit dem Uhrwerk gemäss Anspruch 14.
EP15738111.2A 2014-08-01 2015-07-17 Uhr mit einer oberfläche mit seidenfibroin Active EP3175303B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH11782014 2014-08-01
PCT/EP2015/066403 WO2016016019A1 (fr) 2014-08-01 2015-07-17 Composant horloger avec une surface comportant de la fibroïne de soie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3175303A1 EP3175303A1 (de) 2017-06-07
EP3175303B1 true EP3175303B1 (de) 2019-01-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15738111.2A Active EP3175303B1 (de) 2014-08-01 2015-07-17 Uhr mit einer oberfläche mit seidenfibroin

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP3175303B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6567038B2 (de)
CN (1) CN107077095B (de)
WO (1) WO2016016019A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109375491B (zh) * 2018-11-20 2020-10-13 苏州市信睦知识产权服务有限公司 一种凸显日月图案来分辨上午和下午的触觉感知手表

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JPS5265475A (en) * 1975-11-26 1977-05-30 Citizen Watch Co Ltd Wrist watch with calendar
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JPH1026671A (ja) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-27 Seiko Epson Corp 時計用摺動部品およびその製造方法、および時計
US5948030A (en) * 1997-07-25 1999-09-07 General Motors Corporation Steering angle determaination method and apparatus
JPH1142106A (ja) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-16 Seiko Epson Corp 外装部品及びこれを備えた電子機器
JPH11116897A (ja) * 1997-10-20 1999-04-27 Seiko Epson Corp 外装部品及びこれを備えた電子機器
JPH11246675A (ja) * 1998-02-27 1999-09-14 Masanori Midoritani フィブロインを混合したプラスチックス成形物
JP2001003269A (ja) * 1999-04-21 2001-01-09 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd 改質用基布およびこれを用いた織物製品
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DE10357228A1 (de) * 2003-12-08 2005-07-07 Lange Uhren Gmbh Federhausvorrichtung
JP5336178B2 (ja) * 2006-04-28 2013-11-06 日産自動車株式会社 低摩擦潤滑アセンブリー
JP2009180664A (ja) * 2008-01-31 2009-08-13 Seiko Epson Corp 透光性部材および時計
KR20120011050A (ko) * 2009-05-18 2012-02-06 더 스와치 그룹 리서치 앤 디벨롭먼트 엘티디 기계 시스템에 적용하기 위해 높은 마찰동력학적 성능을 갖는 마이크로기계 부품 코팅 방법
JP5598793B2 (ja) * 2009-08-26 2014-10-01 貫太郎 野村 織物シール、絹織物シール、及びその製造方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3175303A1 (de) 2017-06-07
CN107077095A (zh) 2017-08-18
JP6567038B2 (ja) 2019-08-28
CN107077095B (zh) 2019-11-05
JP2017522572A (ja) 2017-08-10
WO2016016019A1 (fr) 2016-02-04

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