EP3162960B1 - Cable brake assembly - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a cable arrangement (safety gear) for variably presettable absorption of kinetic energy in cable structures, such as elevators, flexible barriers or cable cars, according to the preamble of claim 1.

A device of this kind is in DE 10 2005 053 704 A1 described.

This rope brake assembly has two connection points. Between these connection points, a rope brake element is provided with a brake plate provided with bores and with several passable in the holes with resistance rope pieces. The brake plate is provided with the successive holes in several rows and at one end with the first connection point. At the second, the first abgekehrten, connection point, the pieces of rope are connected together. Each of the pieces of rope is carried out individually by a number of successive holes, changing the direction of execution of the pieces of rope in the successive holes. The pieces of rope are the same and when extending the rope brake all pieces are effective over the entire braking distance.

• Während des Bremsvorganges werden die Bremsseile dieser Vorrichtung sehr stark mechanisch auf Biegung und Scherung belastet, was eine Wiederverwendbarkeit der Vorrichtung ausschließt.

The disadvantages of this device include the following:

• During the braking process, the brake cables of this device are subjected to very high mechanical stress on bending and shear, which precludes reusability of the device.

Further, in this device, neither the strength of the braking action nor the release force can be adjusted freely and independently, but is determined by means of construction and dimensioning of the components in dependence of each other, which in turn leads to increased complexity in their commercial use.

Furthermore, the length of the deflection of the brake resulting from the braking process is directly proportional to the length of the cable bodies pulled through, whereby the application of the brake, in particular in applications with high energy input, leads either to a high release force or to a high deflection.

Incidentally, in this device, the tension to be applied to the tension cord is not apparent. A possible under- or over-tension of the tension cord has negative effects on the effective mode of action of the tension cord.

In addition, the release force of this device is higher than the subsequent, continuous braking force, d. H. the static friction to be overcome in order to trigger the braking process leads to a disadvantageous shock-damping curve, which in turn has a cost-increasing effect on the dimensioning of the attachment points.

Another generic device is from the WO 2009/137951 known. This known device is designed as a device for shock absorption of cable structures, especially for rockfall, debris flow and snow and absorbs absorbed in a claimed on train rope energy characterized in that a deformable by tensile forces intermediate piece which is installed in a claimed on train rope, has one or more longitudinal elements. Here, the at least one longitudinal element is on the one hand with its one end in connection with a rope end and on the other hand it is guided around a deflecting element connected to another end of the rope. Finally, means are provided by which the formed deflection angle of the longitudinal elements or is substantially maintained during the loading of the intermediate piece.

• Die gewünschte Bremswirkung wird durch plastische Verformung der Längselemente erreicht, was der Wiederverwendbarkeit der Bremse entgegensteht.

The disadvantages of this device include the following:

• The desired braking effect is achieved by plastic deformation of the longitudinal elements, which precludes the reusability of the brake.

Also, this device can hardly be installed in series in tension cords, which impairs their usability in the field of special applications.

In addition, this device causes, due to their length, increased assembly and manual transport in rough or forested terrain.

In addition, this device can not or not be installed in an optimal position in tight installation locations because of their bulkiness and size.

Further, in this device, neither the strength of the braking action nor the triggering force is freely and independently adjustable, but is determined by means of construction and dimensioning of the components in dependence on each other, which in turn leads to increased complexity in their commercial use.

Furthermore, the length of the deflection of the brake resulting from the braking process corresponds directly to the length of the elongate elements pulled through, as a result of which the application of the device, in particular with a high energy input, leads either to a high release force or to a high deflection.

Incidentally, in this device, the tension to be applied to the tension, not visible. A possible under- or over-tension of the tension cord has negative effects on the effective mode of action of the tension cord.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cable brake assembly specified in the preamble of claim 1 species that is versatile and reusable at short notice.

The solution of this object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The dependent claims have advantageous developments of the invention to the content.

1. I. Eine kurzfristige Wiederverwendbarkeit nach ihrem Einsatz möglich ist.
2. II. Deren Wirkweise nicht auf plastischer Verformung beruht.
3. III. Deren Auslösekraft variabel einstellbar ist.
4. IV. Deren Auslösekraft unabhängig von der Bremskraft einstellbar ist.
5. V. Deren Bremskraft variabel einstellbar ist.
6. VI. Deren Bremskraft (≥ Auslösekraft) unabhängig von der Auslösekraft einstellbar ist.
7. VII. Deren Konstruktion und variable einstellbare Bremskraft das "in Serie" montieren von Bremsvorrichtungen weitgehend obsolet macht, es gleichwohl, für Ausnahmefälle, nicht ausschließt.
8. VIII. Deren Auslenkung möglichst geringer ist, als die Länge der durch die Vorrichtung hindurch gezogene(n), Längenkomponente(n).
9. IX. Deren Stoß-Dämpfungsverlauf möglichst geringe Auslöse- bzw. Anlaufspitzen im Kraft / Zeit Diagramm zeigt
10. X. Deren kompakte Bauart ihren manuellen Transport auch in unwegsamem, beengtem, bzw. bewaldetem Gelände begünstigt.
11. XI. Deren Konstruktion einen Indikator aufweist, durch den das Erreichen der gewünschten Vorspannung des Zugstrangs, ohne zusätzliche Mess- bzw. Hilfsmittel, angezeigt wird, und somit sowohl die effektive Wirkweise des Zugstranges als auch dessen wirtschaftliche Montage unterstützt.

Advantageously, the invention provides a device with which in particular:

1. I. A short-term reusability after their use is possible.
2. II. Their mode of action is not based on plastic deformation.
3. III. Their release force is variably adjustable.
4. IV. Their release force is independent of the braking force adjustable.
5. V. Their braking force is variably adjustable.
6. VI. Their braking force (≥ tripping force) is adjustable independently of the tripping force.
7. VII. Their design and variable adjustable braking force which makes the "in series" of braking devices largely obsolete, it nevertheless, in exceptional cases, does not preclude.
8. VIII. Their deflection is as small as possible, as the length of the drawn through the device (s), length component (s).
9. IX. Their shock-damping curve shows the lowest possible triggering or starting peaks in the force / time diagram
10. X. Their compact design favors their manual transport even in rough, cramped or wooded terrain.
11. XI. Their construction has an indicator by which the achievement of the desired tension of the tension cord is displayed without additional measuring aids or aids, and thus supports both the effective mode of action of the tension cord as well as its economic assembly.

The invention can also be regarded as an energy absorption device whose operation is not based on plastic deformation or overcoming static friction, but on conversion of kinetic energy in frictional heat, by looping to Euler-Eytelwein, and their tripping or braking independently and variably on site is adjustable, and by which the achievement of the desired bias of the tension cord is displayed.

The device according to the invention preferably comprises two interlocking main components, a bollard frame and the looping component (s), which are clamped connected to one of two attachment points within at least one tensioned (rope) strand.

The braking device is activated by increasing tensile forces, in that the applied kinetic energy initially exceeds the preset release force of the brake device and thus tightens the wrapper component tightly around the bollard. If the preset braking force is subsequently reached, the belt unit slides in a controlled manner around the bollard of the bollard frame. The resulting friction transforms kinetic energy into heat energy.

The first, second and / or third clamping device of the cable brake assembly according to the invention may comprise single or multiple arrangements. Among these arrangements, for example, adapted to the shape of the Umschlingungsanordnung terminals to be tightened on the end hindurchsteckbare through the frame threaded portions by means of matching screws in order to be able to clamp the Umschlingungsanordnung in the corresponding areas can.

The looping arrangement may in particular be designed as a cable arrangement, so that then the clamping devices can be cable clamps, in which one, two or more such clamps can be provided per clamping device, depending on which forces are to be absorbed.

The free end portions of the wrapping unit or the cable assembly are preferably provided with stop members to prevent these free end portions from being pulled out of the frame when forces are applied to the cables in which the cable brake assembly is disposed.

At one of the free end regions, a color-contrasted indicator region can be visible, which changes its position when the desired tension of the tension cord is reached.

As already explained, the cable brake assembly according to the invention can be provided in devices comprising cable constructions. Such devices may be elevators, flexible barriers, cable cars or fishing fences, such as rockfall barriers. An example of such a Steinschlagverbauung can the EP 2 489 785 A1 whose entire disclosure content is made by reference to the disclosure content of the present application. Such Seilschlverbauung usually includes a plurality of, for example, on a mountainside, arranged masts that are anchored in the ground and spanning a network, for example, via upper, middle and / or lower ropes, which are guided on the masts, with the catching objects, such as stones or trees, can be restrained. The ropes, which serve to clamp the net, can be provided with one or more rope brake assemblies according to the invention, which can be arranged, for example, in the area of the net or in the area of rock anchors, which can be fixed in the ground to tension the ropes.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Seilbremsanordnung,

Fig. 2

eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Seilbremsanordnung,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf die Seilbremsanordnung gemäß Fig. 2 und

Fig. 4

eine Schnittdarstellung der Seilbremsanordnung gemäß Fig. 3 entlang der Linie A-A in Fig. 3.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. It shows:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a first embodiment of a cable brake assembly according to the invention,

Fig. 2

one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation of a second embodiment of the cable brake assembly according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a plan view of the rope brake assembly according to Fig. 2 and

Fig. 4

a sectional view of the rope brake assembly according to Fig. 3 along the line AA in Fig. 3 ,

The structure of the cable brake assembly 1 according to the invention results from a combination of Fig. 1 to 4 , In Fig. 1 Here, an embodiment of the cable brake assembly 1 is shown, which has a first, second and third clamping device 13, 15 and 18, which is formed in this embodiment as a single-clamping device.

In contrast, the show Fig. 2 to 4 an embodiment in which the said clamping device 14, 15 and 18, which are described in detail below, are formed as a double-arrays. As explained above, it would also be possible in principle to provide several clamping elements per clamping device, with respect to the basic structure no differences between the embodiment according to Fig. 1 and those according to the Fig. 2 to 4 consists, so that below the structure and operation of the cable brake assembly according to the invention taking into account all pictorial representations in the Fig. 1 to 4 is described.

Accordingly, the cable brake assembly 1 according to the invention has a frame 2, which has a first cable connection element 3 at a first frame end region 4. As the figures illustrate, this cable connection element 3 is designed as a cable shackle known per se, which is fixed in the example case by means of a bore on a connecting plate 2C of the frame 2. On the side opposite the first frame end region 4 side of the frame 2, a second frame end portion 12 is provided, in the region of which a second cable connection element 10 is arranged, which is also designed as a cable shackle. The two cable connection elements 3 and 10 serve to install the cable brake assembly 1 in one of the arrangements explained above, which has one or more ropes, which are braked by means of the cable brake assembly 1 according to the invention or to be damped during braking.

The rope brake assembly 1 further comprises a cylinder 5, also called a bollard, which is fixed in the frame 2. In the embodiment shown in the figures, this frame has for this purpose two mutually parallel spaced side plates 2A and 2B, which are connected to each other via a total of four transverse connecting elements 2C to 2F. Here, the connecting member 2C is formed as already explained connecting plate, which may be welded at their end portions with the side plates 2A and 2B.

The other transverse connecting elements are three connecting bolts 2D, 2E and 2F, wherein the connecting bolt 2D is arranged in the end region 4 of the frame 2, for example below the connecting plate 2C.

In the opposite end region 12, the two other connecting pins 2E and 2F are also arranged one above the other and spaced from each other. The connecting bolts 2D to 2F may also be welded to the two side plates 2A and 2B. In principle, other connection devices are conceivable, such as fittings.

The brake assembly further comprises a wrap-around arrangement, which is indicated in its entirety by the reference numeral 6. In the example case, the wrapping arrangement 6 is a cable arrangement which has a first free end area 7 and a second end area 8 fixed to the frame 2 and a looping area 9 arranged between these end areas 7 and 8. The wrap 9 has in the embodiment shown in the figures 4 by 360 ° around the bollard 5 running around wraps before a force application, as shown in particular from Fig. 1 and 2 can be seen, either loosely rest on the bollard 5, or even at a certain selectable distance from the bollard 5 are arranged so that when applying a cable force on the rope brake assembly 1 no static friction between the wraps 9A to 9D and the bollard 5 must be overcome.

The arrangement on the bollard 5, the surface of which may preferably be provided with a friction-increasing coating, and the wraps 9A to 9D is a damping device which dissipates energy through friction and heat generated therefrom, as has already been explained.

The cable brake assembly 1 further has, as already explained, a first clamping device 13, which is arranged on the frame 2 adjacent to the second frame end region 12. This first clamping device 13 clamps a first clamping region 14 the Umschlingungsanordnung 6 fixed to the frame by means of an adjustable force, which is a triggering force, until its overcoming by cable forces of the construction in which the cable brake assembly 1 is integrated, prevents a force transmission to the Umschlingungsanordnung 9.

As the Fig. 1 and 2 To illustrate, the first clamping portion 14 of the strap assembly 6 adjacent to the second frame end portion 12 is disposed and is further disposed between a connection region 11 of the looping arrangement 6 and the bollard 5, wherein in the in the Fig. 1 and 2 illustrated, particularly preferred embodiment of the connection region 11 is preferably bent semicircular and arcuately extending from an end portion 8 fixed to the frame to the clamping region 14, as is apparent from the drawing of the Fig. 1 and 2 results.

The cable brake assembly 1 further comprises a second clamping device 15, which fixes a second clamping portion 16 of the free end portion 7 adjacent to the first frame end portion 4 of the frame 2 thereto by means of an adjustable force representing the braking force of the cable brake assembly 1 according to the invention.

Further, a third clamping device 18 is provided, which fixes the second end portion 8 of the strap assembly 6 by means of an adjustable force on the frame 4, which represents the tension of the tension cord, which allows the indicator panel 22 changes its position upon reaching the desired tension of the tension cord ,

As the Fig. 1 and 2 make clear, the first free end portion 7 and the second end portion 8 of the belt assembly 6 are each provided with a stop member 19 and 17, which prevent the corresponding end portions are pulled through the clamping device 15 and 18 respectively.

How in particular a synopsis of Fig. 1 . 2 and 4 illustrates, the connection region 11 of the belt assembly 6 is guided over a, preferably circular trained, guide element 20 which also has a preferably circular guide groove 21, in which the connection area 11 engages, as this is mainly from the representation of Fig. 4 opens.

The invention thus relates to an energy absorption device based on the conversion of kinetic energy into frictional heat, which is clamped between two abutment points within at least one train-loaded (cable) strand.

It preferably comprises two main functional carriers: on the one hand, the bollard frame 2, which acts as a component carrier and, on the other hand, the wrapping unit 6, by which the applied kinetic energy is transmitted to the bollard 5 and, by friction, converted into thermal energy. Each of the two main functional carrier is connected by only one attachment point directly to the pull cord.

The bollard frame 2 may comprise one or more panels made of suitable materials, or panels on which both the individual components, i. H. the bollard 5, the release force setting device 13, the brake force separate adjustment device 15, the bias indicator 22, and the attachment portion 11, which may be a single or multiple suspension, are attached to the wrap unit 6. The bollard frame 2 is connected directly to one end 2C, and only indirectly connected to the pullstring by means of the wrapping unit 6.

The wrapping unit 6 may comprise one or more cables or other suitable bendable components, which may be designed as a band, wire or strand, and passed through the bollard frame 2.

The wrap unit 6 may be connected to one end either directly (i.e., 1: 1) or by multiple suspension (i.e., 2: 1 or more) to the pull string. From there, the belt unit is guided by the clamping device 13, by which the release force of the safety gear can be preset variably. After passing through the clamping device 13, the wrapping unit 6 wraps around the bollard 5 once or several times, where the acting kinetic energy is converted by friction into heat energy. Following the looping of the bollard, the wrapping element runs into the further clamping device 15, by means of which the absorption energy of the catching device / rope brake assembly can be preset continuously. The wrapper now runs in a freely selectable outlet section 7, at the end of the stop 19 is mounted to prevent loosening of the wrap from the bollard frame 2.

In addition to the above written disclosure of the invention is to supplement the disclosure of the present application explicitly to the drawings of the invention in the Fig. 1 to 4 Referenced.

It should be emphasized that in addition to the in the Fig. 1 to 4 illustrated embodiment of the frame 2 as a three-dimensional structure of the side plates 2A and 2B with the connecting elements 2C to 2F of the frame 2 may be formed as a flat plate can, which has a preferably central recess into which the bollard 5 are arranged and can be fixed end. All other components described above can also be attached to such a flat plate frame.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Rope brake arrangement (safety gear)

2

Frame 2A, B side plates

2C

connecting plate

2D-F

transversely arranged connecting bolts

3

first cable connection element

4

first frame end area

5

Bollard / cylinder

6

Looping arrangement, preferably as a bendable rope

7

free first end of 6

8th

free second end of 6

9

wrap region

9A-D

wraps

10

second cable connection element

11

connecting region

12

second frame end area

13

first clamping device (single or double or multiple)

14

first clamping area

15

second clamping device (single or double or multiple)

16

second clamping area

17

stop part

18

third clamping device (single or double or multiple)

19

stop part

20

guide element

21

guide

22

Vorspannungsindikator

23

third clamping area

Claims (17)

1. A rope brake assembly (1)

   - with a frame (2) having a first rope connection element (3) at a first frame end portion (4),

   wherein the rope brake assembly has a bollard (5) fixed in the frame (2),
   characterised

   - by a bendable looping assembly (6) or several bendable looping assemblies (6) having a first free end portion (7) and a second end portion (8) fixed at the frame (2) as well as a looping portion (9) arranged between the end portions (7, 8), looping around the bollard (5) with an angle of contact of 360 ° or an integral multiple thereof,

   - by a second rope connection element (10) engaging into a connecting portion (11) of the looping assembly (6), wherein the connecting portion (11) is arranged adjacent to a second frame end portion (12) of the frame (2),

   - by a first clamping device (13) arranged at the frame (2) adjacent to the second frame end portion (12) and fixing a first clamping portion (14) of the looping assembly (6) arranged between the connecting portion (11) and the bollard (5) at the frame (2) using an adjustable release force, and

   - by a second clamping device (15) fixing a second clamping portion (16) of the free end portion (7) adjacent to the first frame end portion (4) of the frame (2) to the same using an adjustable brake force.
2. The rope brake assembly according to claim 1, characterised in that a third clamping device (18) is provided, fixing the second end portion (8) of the looping assembly (6) to the frame (4) using an adjustable preload force.
3. The rope brake assembly according to claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the second end portion (8) of the looping assembly (6) is provided with a terminal fitting (17) at its end.
4. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first free end portion (7) of the looping assembly (6) is provided with a terminal fitting (19).
5. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that loops (9A to 9D) of the looping assembly (6), prior to any load application, are guided with a distance around the bollard (5) or loosely resting on the bollard (5).
6. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the looping assembly (6) can be directly connected with a tension cord in its second end portion (8).
7. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the looping assembly (6) can be connected with a tension cord in its second end portion (8) using a connecting portion (11) designed as a double or multiple suspension.
8. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the frame (2) and/or the bollard and/or the looping assembly (6) are manufactured from grey cast iron, steel, high-tensile non-ferrous parts, UV-resistant synthetic fibres, synthetic fibres protected against UV radiation, carbon fibres and/or stone/mineral fibres.
9. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the frame (2) has two side plates (2A, 2B) arranged in parallel to one another, between which the bollard (5) is arranged and to which the bollard (5) is fixed.
10. The rope brake assembly according to claim 9, characterised in that the side plates (2A, 2B) are connected with one another using connecting elements (2C to 2F) arranged transverse to the side plates (2A, 2B).
11. The rope brake assembly according to claim 10, characterised in that one of the connecting elements (2C to 2F) is a connecting plate (2C), to which the first rope connection element (3) is fixed.
12. The rope brake assembly according to claims 10 or 11, characterised in that the connecting elements further have three connecting pins (2D to 2F), wherein the connecting plate (2C) and a first connecting pin (2D) are arranged in the first frame end portion (4) and wherein a second and third connecting pin (2E, 2F) are arranged in the second frame end portion (12).
13. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the connecting portion (11) of the looping assembly (6) is guided via a, preferably circular, guiding element (20).
14. The rope brake assembly according to claim 13, characterised in that the guiding element (20) has a, preferably circular, guiding groove (21).
15. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8, 13 or 14, characterised in that the frame (2) is formed as a flat plate having a, preferably centred, recess, in which the bollard (5) is arranged.
16. The rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the indicator field (22) is designed as a marking in contrasting colour.
17. Use of a rope brake assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 15 for securing guy ropes, retaining ropes or suspension ropes of a rock fall net, a mudflow net, an avalanche fence, a snow fence, a lift or a ropeway.

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