EP3161388B1 - Method and arrangement for ventilating and cooling or heating rooms - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the ventilation and temperature control of rooms EP 1 325 268 B1 known. In this known device, cooled fresh air is blown into the ceiling cavity of a room to be temperature-controlled, and exits there at the slit-shaped, ceiling-side connections of the suspended ceiling to the respective room wall into the room.

The disadvantage of this arrangement is that undesirable drafts occur on the ceiling connection side to the room wall and, in particular, unpleasant temperature differences in the room itself, because the air outlet at the ceiling connection on the room wall side is very different from that in the middle of the room.

With the subject of DE 40 15 665 C3 an induction air flow is generated in the ceiling cavity, which consists of a primary air flow that is guided along the upper side of the suspended ceiling along the suspended ceiling and flows through the ceiling connection-side boundary elements into the room on the wall side of a room. The air in the room is sucked out by an extractor fan below the suspended ceiling. This method has the disadvantage that the primary air cannot be blown in at a low temperature because it is not mixed with the room air beforehand.

In a device according to DE 43 08 969 C1 a primary air provided with cooled air is mixed into an air duct running parallel to the ceiling of the room, with the primary air flowing out of the air duct being guided along the ceiling. There is no mixing with the room air instead, because the ceiling cavity is only used for the air mixing of the primary air flow over the surface of the suspended ceiling, but there is no mixing of the room air. This has the disadvantage that if there is no admixture of room air in the primary air flow, the room air is not tempered.

With the subject of DE 100 64 939 C2 describes a method and a device used for this purpose, which consists of an exhaust fan that blows the primary air parallel to the ceiling into an air conditioning apparatus that is suspended from the ceiling and designed as an air distributor. The air blown into the ventilation system in the free jet partially mixes with the room air before it enters the ventilation system and is blown out into the room via distribution nozzles.

The disadvantage of this arrangement is that there is no false ceiling, and instead an air distribution device is suspended from the ceiling, which involves a great deal of effort. Another disadvantage is that the free-jet blowing in of the primary air using a fan on the top of an air distributor creates unwanted turbulence, which leads to unwanted noise pollution in the room. The free-jet injection at the top of the room air distributor creates an air roll that extends over the entire volume of the room, which leads to undesirable floor and air velocities.

From the U.S. 2006/0211365 A1 A method and an arrangement with the features of the preamble of independent patent claims 1 and 3 can be found.

the DE 77 26 641 U1 discloses an air outlet that generates a supply air flow that is blown into a supply air connection piece, openings being provided in the supply air connection piece, through which room air discharged via a cavity can be injected into the supply air flow.

The object of the invention is to develop a method and an arrangement implementing the method for temperature control of rooms with suspended ceilings in such a way that a draft-free room climate is achieved with a significantly lower temperature control capacity.

In order to solve the task at hand, the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of the independent claims.

The method has the advantage that at relatively low air velocities a low-turbulence flow is achieved in the room, and that the heating or cooling capacity of a storey ceiling is increased due to the mixing of the primary and secondary airflow in the space between the storey ceiling and the suspended ceiling for air conditioning - or more generally for tempering - is used.

The present invention therefore proposes that a primary air flow in the ceiling cavity above a false ceiling is directed via a nozzle duct laid in the ceiling cavity and arranged approximately parallel to the storey ceiling via primary air nozzles on the underside - arranged on the nozzle duct - against the upper side of the false ceiling, namely against supply air openings in the false ceiling that are directed into space.

The ventilation principle of the invention makes use of air induction. This effect means that the primary air that is introduced entrains other existing air and mixes it. In ventilation and air-conditioning technology, air inlets are used for dilution ventilation in the room, which can already mix considerable amounts of room air with the incoming primary air. After this effect takes place in the area of a ceiling cavity above a suspended ceiling that seals the room at the top, a laminar, draught-free flow is achieved in the room.

This technical teaching has the advantage that a primary air flow is generated in the area of the ceiling cavity, which is directed towards the top of the suspended ceiling and the (air-carrying) supply air openings arranged there, with the primary air flow flowing into the room via the supply air openings on the suspended ceiling and due to the flow conditions a negative pressure is generated in the ceiling cavity, which ensures that room air is sucked into the ceiling cavity through leaks in the ceiling cavity, which mixes with the primary airflow as a secondary air flow in the ceiling cavity, and is then released into the room.

The advantage of this measure is that the room air is assigned a larger exchange surface, because by introducing the room air into the ceiling cavity, an enlarged heat exchange surface (existing there) is achieved for the temperature control of the room air, and a more even and better temperature control of the room air is thereby possible. The thermal capacity of the ceiling covered by the suspended ceiling in the ceiling cavity and also the thermal capacity and cooling capacity of the suspended ceiling are used.

The advantage of this measure is that the admixture of a primary air flow (induction air flow) and a secondary air flow sucked in (induced) from the room air take place in the ceiling cavity itself. This has the advantage that the underside of the ceiling can also be used as an air conditioning or heat distribution surface, so that an additional, high thermal capacity can be used because the thermal capacity of the ceiling of a building is also used for tempering the secondary air flow.

In the prior art, a secondary air flow was always added in the room itself, i.e. below the ceiling cavity in the room and not - as in the invention - above the Ceiling cavity in the area between the top of the suspended ceiling and the bottom of the floor slab.

With the given technical teaching, there is the advantage that now, for the first time, the heat capacity (or cooling capacity) of a temperature-controlled ceiling can be used, and that the lower ceiling can thus also be temperature-controlled, which was previously only possible through costly additional measures.

A particularly low-turbulence distribution of the primary air flow and the secondary air flow mixed in there into the room is achieved by distributing the supply air openings in the suspended ceiling over a very large area of the suspended ceiling.

It is preferred if the air inlet openings extend over about two-thirds or half the length of the individual ceiling panels, with the profile shape, length and arrangement of the air inlet openings being able to be varied within wide limits.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, it is preferred if the supply air openings, which break through the ceiling panels in an airtight manner, are designed as air diffusers.

This presupposes that the primary air jet, which is directed from the primary air nozzles of the nozzle duct towards the upper side of the suspended ceiling, hits the supply air openings approximately flush. The inlet air openings preferably consist of a conically widening profile. The directed injection of the primary air flow into the supply air openings on the suspended ceiling, which widen conically towards the room side, results in a radical reduction in the air speed in this area.

The air speed of the primary air when it enters the diffuser opening of the supply air opening is initially high. When passing through the diffuser opening, the air speed of the primary air decreases sharply and there is an after-sucking effect of room air, which is sucked out of the room into the ceiling cavity.

When the primary air enters the room through the supply air opening in the suspended ceiling, it then only has a speed of 2 meters per second, for example, while the speed of the primary air flow on the inflow side is in the range of 10 to 12 meters per second.

It is of particular advantage that the induction of the nozzle channel in the ceiling cavity achieves an induction number of 10 or more. For example, 10 parts of the secondary air extracted from the room with a temperature of, for example, 24°C can be mixed with 1 part of the primary air of, for example, 12°C, resulting in the mixed air escaping into the room with a temperature difference to the room temperature of one degree Kelvin.

As an example of the dimensioning of a cooling ceiling according to the invention with a so-called "Hybrid Eco Boost", it is specified that the primary air with a volume in the range of 6 cubic meters per hour and per square meter of floor area of the room up to an air volume of 7.2 cubic meters per hour and per running meter emerges from the primary air nozzles of the nozzle channel.

The slit length or the slit cross section of the primary air nozzles is significantly larger in comparison to the slit cross section and the slit profile shape of the supply air slits on the cover plate side through which the primary air nozzles flow in an approximately aligned manner.

With a slit width of the primary air nozzles of 1 mm, the inlet air openings (or inlet air slits) on the suspended ceiling arranged flush with this have a slit width of 12 mm.

The area ratio of the outflow area of the primary air nozzles in relation to the area of the inlet air slots or inlet air openings is approximately 1:160. The distance between the outflow side of the primary air nozzles and the inflow side of the supply air openings arranged vertically opposite one another is 56 mm in a preferred exemplary embodiment. The air-carrying (vertical) overall length of the air inlet openings breaking through the suspended ceiling is preferably 17.9 mm. Each supply air opening preferably consists of a cone part arranged on the inflow side, which transitions into a cylinder part directed into the room. The inflow cone part has a diameter of e.g. 42 mm with a vertical length of e.g. 7 mm. The airtight connection to the cylindrical part, which is directed into the room, has a diameter of 12 mm with a vertical length of e.g. 11 mm.

From these proportions it also follows that with a relatively low temperature control capacity of the primary air, which flows in at a temperature of 10°C, for example, an optimal temperature control of the room air takes place, because only 1 part of the primary air with 10 parts of the secondary air coming out of the originates from the room, is mixed and a low-turbulence, low-velocity air flow through the suspended ceiling takes place in the room.

The primary air nozzles form a mixing zone arranged in the ceiling cavity for mixing between the primary air and the secondary air. As an exemplary embodiment, it is stated that a primary air flow with a volume of about 66.6 cubic meters per hour and based on one square meter of the floor area of the room to be temperature-controlled is generated, with the temperature of the secondary air flow entering the mixing zone (which originates from the room air) has a temperature of about 26°C.

An air flow of, for example, 72.6 cubic meters per hour per square meter of room area is generated in the air outlet openings of the suspended ceiling, which open into the room on the ceiling side, with this air being tempered to a temperature of 24.7°C, for example.

This results in the advantage of the invention that a low-turbulence, draft-free room temperature in the range between 22 and 24 degrees Celsius can be generated with a small air content of the primary air, which can be cooled down to a low temperature, for example to 10°C.

Another advantage is that when the outside temperature of the building is relatively cold, it is sufficient to blow the primary air sucked in from the outside air into the nozzle duct at this low temperature and to cause secondary air to be mixed in the ceiling cavity before the mixed air enters the room is introduced. Since the induction air ratio is in the range between 5 to 20, preferably between 8 to 12 and particularly preferably 10, it is sufficient to mix 1 part of the primary air with 10 parts of the room air.

The advantage of this measure is that the air sucked in from the building environment at a low temperature does not have to be additionally heated, which is the case with other temperature control methods.

Because only a small proportion of the primary air, which may have been heated to a low temperature, is mixed with the secondary air, it is therefore sufficient to mix in the primary air with a relatively low temperature, because, for example, the induction number is 10 or more.

For the sake of a clearer description, reference symbols are used below, which can be taken from the accompanying drawing legend.

It is of particular advantage if the primary air flows out of the primary air nozzles 36 of the nozzle channel 25 at high speed in the form of a pointed core zone 37 and is aligned with the diffuser openings of the air inlet openings 41 on the lower ceiling side. It is therefore a primary-air-side free-radiator, the jet propagation of which first takes place in the form of an acute-angled, round or flat jet core, which subsequently (at a greater distance from the outflow opening) merges into a mixing zone.

In the area of the pointed, round or flat jet core, there is a laminar jet path of the primary air and a turbulent jet path in the adjoining mixing zone in the longitudinal direction. The jet axis of the primary air nozzle 36 is aligned with the supply air opening 41 on the lower ceiling and the distance between the core zone 37 on the primary air nozzle side, which generates the core jet, and the diffuser 43 on the lower ceiling side, which receives the primary air flow 40, is selected in such a way that the mixing zone forming in the axial direction against the core jet the primary air extends into the diffuser 43 on the under-ceiling side. This ensures that the air induction takes place in the ceiling cavity, i.e. above the suspended ceiling and not below the suspended ceiling.

Due to this aligned juxtaposition of the primary air nozzles 36 to the air inlet openings 41 on the lower ceiling, there is a diffuser effect in such a way that the maximum possible negative pressure occurs in the mixing zone between the outlet of the primary air nozzles and the entrance of the air inlet openings arranged on the lower ceiling, and thus the maximum negative pressure for the admixture of the secondary air flow is used.

It is important that the secondary air flow is obtained entirely from the room air, namely via leaks in the lower ceiling 31. It is assumed that a lower ceiling 31 covers the entire floor 29 and that this creates a ventilation separation between a floor 29 and a room 4 to be tempered is created. The lower ceiling 31 can be formed from individual ceiling panels 8, 9 forming a continuous ceiling. Instead of individual ceiling panels connected to one another by connection and support profiles, a continuous panel, a web of fabric or other structures in the form of webs or panels can also be used. These structures in the form of webs or strips should be at least partially air-permeable.

Such leaks can be created in various ways.

In a first embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the spacer joints delimiting the ceiling panels on the long side are at least partially open, for example have a cross section of 5 mm and over the entire length of the ceiling panel of, for example, 1.20 to 1.50 m extend.

This creates slot-like leaks along the length and edge of the ceiling panels, through which the room air is sucked from the room into the ceiling cavity, where it is mixed with the primary air flow as a secondary air flow.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the leaks in the suspended ceiling are created by spacer joints that are open at the edges and exist on the transverse sides of the ceiling panels.

In a third embodiment of the invention, it is provided that openings are provided in the ceiling panels themselves, through which the room air is sucked into the ceiling cavity. Such openings can be designed as slots, bores, perforations or the like.

In a fourth embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the ceiling panels are airtight in themselves, but on their wall side Room connection side targeted leaks are attached, such as open joints or the like.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also provided that the heat or cold of the storey ceiling is used for temperature control of the air flow guided in the ceiling cavity.

In general, it is assumed that the floor is at a normal temperature, which corresponds to the temperature of the entire building.

One embodiment of the invention provides for the ceiling to be cooled. In this case, temperature control registers are arranged in or on the ceiling. The arrangement of temperature control registers in the ceiling itself, which are completely enclosed by the concrete in the ceiling, is of particular advantage.

This results in the advantage that the ceiling can be cooled during the night - when the outside temperature is relatively low - and this cooling is switched off when the operating time begins. Due to its heat capacity, the ceiling then remains in a cooled state and additionally cools the mixed air generated in the ceiling cavity before it is induced into the room.

The amount of air in the primary air is controlled depending on the room load, which means that when the temperature in the room is high, a larger amount of cooled primary air is supplied than when the temperature is comparatively low.

A particular advantage of this exemplary embodiment is that the heat or cold capacity of the possibly cooled (or generally temperature-controlled) storey ceiling is additionally used for the temperature control of the secondary air originating from the room air, and all air mixtures take place in the ceiling cavity and not in the room itself, which could lead to unhealthy draughts.

By controlling the amount of primary air, the heat emission or heat absorption of the ceiling to the room is variable. The room temperature can thus be regulated.

This is not possible with a conventional CCT system, because the heat output is determined by the heat-generating elements in the room and cannot be regulated as a function of the heat capacity of the ceiling.

In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the floor slab itself is not temperature-controlled, but rather the lower slab.

According to the invention, in this exemplary embodiment, temperature control registers are laid on or in the suspended ceiling, which conduct a flow of media along, which preferably takes up a cooled or heated heat transfer medium as a liquid flow.

The advantage of this measure is that the suspended ceiling has a double use, namely as an air-technical separation of a mixing room, which is arranged in the ceiling void below the storey ceiling and above the room, and that the suspended ceiling itself is designed as a cooling or heating ceiling.

The cooling or heating capacity of the suspended ceiling is massively increased by the double exchange surface to the room and to the ceiling cavity side.

A further advantage of the invention lies in the fact that during nighttime operation the temperature control registers used to cool the suspended ceiling are active at the same time also cool the underside of the ceiling and charge it with a certain amount of cooling, which can then be released again during daytime operation.

This advantage results from the technical teaching according to the invention that a primary air flow is mixed with a secondary air flow originating from the room air in the cavity between the lower ceiling and the floor ceiling.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Further features and advantages of the invention that are essential to the invention emerge from the drawings and their description.

• Figur 1: Draufsicht von der Raumseite auf eine erste Ausführungsform einer Unterdecke
• Figur 2: gleiche Darstellung wie Figur 1 mit Darstellung weiterer lufttechnischer Einzelheiten
• Figur 3: die Unteransicht eines Raumes nach Figuren 1 und 2 ohne Temperierregister
• Figur 4: schematisiert im Schnitt und stark vergrößert die Zumischung eines Primärluftstromes im Deckenhohlraum mit einem Sekundärluftstrom
• Figur 5: die Draufsicht auf die Anordnung nach Figur 4 mit lediglich der Darstellung der Primärluftdüsen im Vergleich zu den unterdeckenseitigen Zuluftschlitzen
• Figur 6: eine perspektivische Darstellung der Luftführung gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 5 in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel
• Figur 7: perspektivische Darstellung mit einer Ansicht auf eine Unterdecke mit der Anordnung von unterschiedlich geformten Zuluftöffnungen
• Figur 7a: im Vergleich zu Figur 7 unterschiedlich geformte Zuluftöffnungen
• Figur 7b: ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel im Vergleich zur Figur 7a
• Figur 7c: eine Abwandlung gegenüber den Figuren 7a und 7b
• Figur 7d: eine weitere Ausführungsform der Zuführung von Raumluft an die Oberseite der Unterdecke
• Figur 7e: weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für die Zuführung von Raumluft in den Deckenhohlraum der Unterdecke
• Figur 8: eine Schnittansicht gemäß Figur 3 mit der Temperierung einer Geschossdecke
• Figur 9: eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung der Unterdecke nach Figur 8
• Figur 10: ein gegenüber Figur 8 abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Unterdecke temperiert ist
• Figur 11: die Draufsicht auf die Anordnung nach Figur 10

Show it:

• figure 1 : Top view from the room side of a first embodiment of a suspended ceiling
• figure 2 : same representation as figure 1 with presentation of further air-technical details
• figure 3 : the bottom view of a room figures 1 and 2 without temperature register
• figure 4 : Schematic in section and greatly enlarged the admixture of a primary air flow in the ceiling cavity with a secondary air flow
• figure 5 : according to the top view of the arrangement figure 4 with only the presentation of the primary air nozzles in comparison to the supply air slots on the suspended ceiling
• figure 6 : a perspective view of the air duct according to the Figures 1 to 5 in a first embodiment
• figure 7 : Perspective representation with a view of a suspended ceiling with the arrangement of differently shaped air inlet openings
• Figure 7a : compared to figure 7 differently shaped ventilation openings
• Figure 7b : A modified embodiment compared to Figure 7a
• Figure 7c : a modification of the Figures 7a and 7b
• Figure 7d : another embodiment of supplying room air to the top of the suspended ceiling
• Figure 7e : further exemplary embodiments for the supply of room air into the ceiling cavity of the suspended ceiling
• figure 8 : a sectional view according to figure 3 with the temperature control of a storey ceiling
• figure 9 : a top view of the layout of the suspended ceiling figure 8
• figure 10 : a opposite figure 8 modified embodiment in which the suspended ceiling is tempered
• figure 11 : according to the top view of the arrangement figure 10

In figure 1 generally shows a room to be tempered and ventilated, such rooms being, for example, administration rooms, offices, rooms in a shopping center, living rooms, multi-purpose rooms, sports rooms, assembly or meeting rooms.

It is shown only schematically that such a room is delimited by a hallway 1 which has hallway partitions 2 which are broken through by door elements 3 . The door elements 3 each lead into a room 4, which is temperature-controlled according to the invention or--in general--should be cooled and heated.

The space is delimited by lateral partitions 5 which end in facade supports 7 on the facade side. Between the facade supports 7 windows 6 are arranged.

The ceiling side of the room 4 is formed by a false ceiling 31, which is formed from a large number of ceiling panels 8, 9 abutting closely against one another.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the ceiling panels 8 are rectangular and have a size of 0.6 m×1.70 m, for example.

The ceiling panels 8 are not necessarily rectangular. They can take any form. They can be oval, round, trapezoidal, triangular or profiled in some other way. It is important that in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two different types of ceiling panels are used, namely ceiling panels 9 that are not provided with a longitudinal slit, and ceiling panels 8 that have a longitudinal slit, which is later referred to as the supply air slit 42.

In the embodiment shown, the longitudinally adjacent ceiling panels 8, 9 have open spacing joints 10, which preferably extend over the entire length of the abutting ceiling panels 8, 9 and have a width of, for example, 5 mm.

The spacer joints 10 are permeable to air and open into the room. The abutting transverse joints of the ceiling panels 8, 9 are impermeable to air in the embodiment shown.

Into the room flows according to figure 2 an air distribution system 12, which essentially consists of a main duct 15 extending on the floor side, which generates an air flow 14 in outlet pipes 13 branching off from it.

The air flow 14 is first fed into a volume flow controller 16, at the outlet of which a silencer 17 is arranged, which opens into a supply air pipe 18, which introduces the primary air flow conditioned in this way in the direction of arrow 19 into one or more distributor pipes 20 leading into the room.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, only one distributor pipe 20 leading into space 4 is shown. The invention is not limited to this. It is also possible for several distribution pipes arranged parallel to one another to be arranged.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the distributor pipe 20 is air-tightly connected to one or more transverse pipes 22 , the one or more transverse pipes 22 being connected to one or more distributor pipes 21 .

The type of air distribution in the room 4 is thus shown arbitrarily and can be changed in many ways.

The primary air supplied into the room via the distributor pipes 20, 21 in the direction of the arrow 19 divides the air flow 40 into a large number of nozzle channels 25 which branch off vertically or at least at an angle from the distributor pipes 20, 21 and are air-tightly connected to the distributor pipes 20, 21 via connection pieces 23 .

The nozzle channels 25 have the same structural design. However, because they are located at different locations in space 4, they are denoted by 25a, 25b, 25c, 25d.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, for example, the window-side nozzle channel 25d ends parallel to the window 6.

the figure 3 shows the sectional view of the structure figures 1 and 2 , for a better overview without tempering register. It can be seen that the air distribution system 12 is arranged in the false ceiling 24 in the hallway 1, and the air routing elements are arranged in a ceiling cavity 30, which is formed by a suspended ceiling 31 laid in the room and completely covering the floor below.

In the area of the ceiling cavity 30, the primary air flow 40 is mixed with a secondary air flow 33 drawn from the room air flow 32 into the ceiling cavity 30.

This creates an induction airflow that figure 3 is denoted by the reference numeral 40 as primary air, which radiates into the room through associated air inlet openings 41 arranged in the false ceiling 31, wherein in figure 3 the velocity profile of the tertiary air flow 34 introduced into the room is also shown. It can be seen that the velocity profile of the tertiary air flow 34 decreases sharply at a distance from the inlet air openings 41 on the under-ceiling side. The air inlet opening 41 on the suspended ceiling is preferably designed as a slit opening, with the air velocity initially occurring in the air inlet opening 41 decreasing from two meters per second at a distance from this air inlet opening 41 to around 0.15 meters per second.

This results in proof that low-turbulence, relatively draught-free room air in the form of ventilation and temperature control with a tertiary air flow 34 is generated. The tertiary air flow 34 consists of a temperature-controlled primary air flow 40 and a secondary air flow 33 extracted from the room air flow 32.

In the figure 3 it can be seen that the room air flow 32 is sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 through leaks in the suspended ceiling 31 and is mixed there with the primary air flow 40 as a secondary air flow 33 .

Such leaks are, for example - as mentioned in the general part of the description - the spacing joints 10 between the ceiling panels 8, 9.

In the embodiment after figure 4 the admixture of a secondary air flow 33 to the primary air flow 40 and the resulting generation of a tertiary air flow 34 is shown schematically.

Arranged on the bottom side of the nozzle channel, starting from the nozzle channel 25, are a number of primary air nozzles 36 which are arranged at a distance from one another and are designed as round nozzle openings with a diameter of, for example, 1 mm.

The invention is not limited to this. Instead of primary air nozzles 36 with a round profile, it is also possible to use rectangular, triangular or other primary air nozzle cross-sections.

It is important that the primary air flow supplied by the primary air in the direction of the arrow 51 into the nozzle channel 25 has a temperature in the range between 10° C. and 12° C. and is therefore cooled or at least tempered.

The primary air flow emitted via the primary air nozzles 36 is radiated in the direction of the upper side of the lower ceiling 31 in a core zone 37 which is directed vertically downwards and runs to a point.

The curve shapes in figure 4 show the velocity profile of the mixed air flow, which is formed from the primary air flow 40 with the sucked into ceiling cavity 30 secondary air flow 33.

The forced blowing out of the primary air from the primary air nozzles 36 and the direction of the primary air flow 40 against the inlet air openings 41 arranged in the suspended ceiling 31 results in an air suction effect.

In a preferred embodiment, the air inlet openings 41 are designed as an air diffuser. The conically narrowing profile 44 of the air inlet openings 41 designed as an air diffuser is formed by a first, approximately horizontal limb 45 which at an angle merges into an adjoining, obliquely directed limb 46 which in turn merges into a vertical limb 47 .

As a result, a conically narrowing profile of the diffuser 43 is formed, which narrows from the inflow opening in the direction of the outflow opening. This results in an after-suction effect for the air flow 32 in the room, which is sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 through leaks in the suspended ceiling 31 .

As a result, the room air flow 32 is sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 and mixed with the primary air flow 40 as a secondary air flow 33 in the area of a mixing zone 38 .

The mixing zone 38 is preferably designed to widen conically and is formed by two lines 39 arranged at an angle to one another, with the lines 39 approximately meeting the oblique leg 46 of the inlet air openings 41 designed as a diffuser 43 .

This results in an optimal post-suction effect of the secondary air flow 33 and admixture in the primary air flow 40 in the area of the mixing zone 38.

Instead of the formation of supply air openings 41 in the lower ceiling 31 as a diffuser 43, other cross-sectional shapes are also provided.

The diffuser 43 is not a nozzle since the air speed is reduced and the air should flow into the space 4 as uniformly and with as little turbulence as possible. It is therefore an almost turbulence-free mixed ventilation.

Instead of the conically narrowing shape of the diffuser shown here, other shapes are also conceivable.

The cross section of the diffuser 43 can also be purely cylindrical, and the diffuser 43 in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed with the profile 45 as a slit opening, as shown.

Instead of a slit opening--as explained later--other diffuser lengths and cross-sections can also be selected.

the figure 5 shows the size ratio of the nozzle cross sections of the primary air nozzles 36 in comparison to the cross section of the air inlet slots 42, which are designed as a diffuser 43.

A size ratio of about 1:100 is used here. This also means that there is no nozzle-like effect in the diffuser 43 (supply air slot 42).

Next shows the figure 5 that between the supply air slits 42 there are piecewise air-impermeable interruption parts 49 through which no air flows.

the figure 6 shows the arrangement schematically Figures 4 and 5 in a perspective view. It can be seen here that, starting from the distribution pipe 20, 21, the primary air is introduced in the direction of the arrow 19 into the nozzle channel 25 running parallel to the longitudinal direction of the ceiling panels 8, 9, and flows along there in the direction of the arrow 51 and from there out of the nozzle channels on the bottom side of the nozzle channel 25 arranged primary air nozzles 36 flows out. This takes place in the form of the primary air flow 40, which corresponds to the speed profile 35 figure 4 having.

The primary air flow 40 forms a mixing zone 38 into which the secondary air flow 33 is sucked. The secondary air flow 33 originates from the room air flow 36, which flows through the leaks, for example the spacer joints 10 in figure 6 , is sucked up.

In the embodiment shown, the transverse joints 11 are impermeable to air.

In another exemplary embodiment, which is not shown, it can also be provided that the spacer joints 10 running on the longitudinal side are impermeable to air and the transverse joints 11 are designed to be air-permeable.

Next is over figure 6 recognizable that the room air is sucked in through the air inlet openings 41 interrupting the suspended ceiling 31, the air inlet openings being designed as air inlet slots 42 in the exemplary embodiment shown. They have airtight interruption parts 49 which are materially closed in order to maintain the ceiling panel 8 in its integrity and flexural strength.

The distance 58 between the nozzle duct 25 and the parallel inlet air slot 42 can be changed within wide limits. Thus, the supply air slot 42 breaking through the lower ceiling 31 can extend approximately in the middle or at one third or two thirds of the width of the ceiling panel 8 .

In any case, it is important that the nozzle channel 25 is flush with the air inlet slots 42 arranged in the suspended ceiling 31, as is the case here figure 4 shows in order to achieve a centric and targeted air injection of the primary air flow in the direction of the air diffuser 43 in the suspended ceiling in order to achieve the mixing of a secondary air flow 33 into the primary air flow 40 in the ceiling cavity 30 .

the figure 7 shows as a modification that not only supply air slots 42 can be present in the suspended ceiling 41. Instead of the air supply slots 42, air supply openings 41a that differ from the shape of the slots can also be arranged, which in the exemplary embodiment shown have an oval or round profile and are spaced apart from one another.

The primary air flow 40 is specifically directed into the air inlet openings 41, 41a.

The air inlet openings 41, 41a do not just have to be laid in a line parallel to the side boundaries of the respective ceiling panel 8, 9. They can also be aligned along an alignment guideline 52, 52a, 52b, which extends anti-parallel to the longitudinal side of the respective cover panel 8, 9. Alignment guidelines 52 can also form a specific alignment angle 53 with respect to one another.

The exemplary embodiment shows that the room air 32 is sucked in at the open spacer joints 10 .

The invention is not limited to this.

the Figure 7d also shows that the room air 32 at the—then open—transversal joints 11 can be re-sucked.

the Figure 7a shows that instead of the round or oval air inlet openings 41, 41a, rectangular air inlet openings 41b can also be provided.

the Figure 7b shows that the air inlet openings 41c can also be triangular or have a different profile.

the Figure 7c shows that air inlet openings 41, 41a, 41b, 41c, 41d with any profile can also run along an arcuate alignment line 52c, provided (in all exemplary embodiments) that the nozzle channel 25 also follows this alignment line 52c and is aligned opposite.

the Figure 7e 12 shows various embodiments of how room air from the room air flow 32 can be sucked into the ceiling cavity 30 at the top of the ceiling tiles 8. In the left part of Figure 7e it is shown that the room air is sucked in via open transverse joints 11 between the ceiling panels 8 , 9 . It is also shown that the air inlet openings 41 are designed as air inlet slots 42 .

The middle part of Figure 7e shows that the ceiling panels 8, 9 can also connect completely tightly to one another, and there is no air-tight opening, with the exception of the ceiling panel openings 59 breaking through the ceiling panels 8, 9, which can be profiled in any way and through which the room air is sucked in as room air flow 32b becomes.

Furthermore, from the Figure 7e - from the illustration on the left - see that the ceiling panels 8, 9 can be connected to one another completely airtight both on the long side and on the transverse side, and only one air space is provided on the connection side 61 on the room side.

The wall connection side 61 can therefore be open to air, and the room air 32 can only be sucked in at the wall connection sides of the entire suspended ceiling 31 .

The air-permeable wall connection side 61 can be provided either on the narrow side or on the broad side of the lower ceiling 31, or the airtight opening of the lower ceiling can be provided circumferentially on all wall connection sides 61.

Such air-open wall connection sides 61 are, for example, in figure 1 shown.

the figure 8 shows a cut according to figure 3 and temperature control by means of a temperature control register in the ceiling 26. In this concrete core temperature control, temperature control pipes 54 are laid in the ceiling 26, which ensure that the ceiling 26 is cooled or heated.

This has the advantage that, for example at night when room 4 is not occupied, the floor 26 can be temperature-controlled via the temperature control pipes 54, and the mixed air flow generated in the ceiling cavity 30 also flows along the underside of the floor 26, where it is temperature-controlled and as a mixed air flow (secondary air flow 33) mixed with the room air is mixed with the primary air flow 40 and as a tertiary air flow 34 in the room with the in figure 8 shown velocity profile.

The advantage of this measure is that the floor slab 26 is tempered during the night hours and tempering is no longer necessary during daytime operation.

A further advantage is that the temperature control circuit 56 with the main pipes 55 is designed to be controllable, so that any desired temperature control of the floor slab 26 can take place during the day or night.

figure 9 shows the top view of the arrangement figure 8 , where it can be seen that a large number of temperature control pipes 54 in the ceiling 26 are arranged, and the surface of the temperature control tubes 54 extends over the entire surface of the room.

the figure 10 shows as a modification to figure 8 that instead of the temperature of the ceiling 26 temperature control of the lower ceiling 31 takes place, on or in which a number of temperature registers 57 is laid, so that the lower ceiling 31 can be either cooled or heated.

This is done by a controllable temperature control circuit.

advantage of the arrangement figure 10 is that there is no need for a concrete core temperature control system with a temperature control system installed in the floor slab 26, because the temperature control of the suspended ceiling 31 means that an underside layer 26a (underside or room side) of the solidly built floor slab 26 is additionally temperature-controlled and assumes a different temperature than, for example, the top of the underblanket.

The underside 26a of the floor slab 26 is also used to control the temperature of the ceiling cavity 30, so that the secondary air flow 33 originating from the room air flow 32 is guided to the additionally temperature-controlled underside 26a of the floor slab 26, where it is further cooled or heated, and then finally as the secondary air flow 33 mixed with the primary air flow 40 and reintroduced into the room as a tertiary air flow 34 .

the figure 11 shows the execution of the arrangement figure 10 , where it can be seen that the temperature control registers 57 only take up part of the room area, for example only 40% of the floor area of room 4.

The advantage of the method according to the invention and the arrangement working with the method is that with significantly less temperature control effort and less energy use, a draught-free and freed from turbulence Temperature control of rooms can take place because the actual mixing processes take place between a primary air flow and a secondary air flow in the ceiling cavity 30 separated from the room above a suspended ceiling 31 .

This means that all rooms can be regulated independently of each other depending on the load, because the variable volume flow of the primary air flow is the dominant temperature control factor, which can be easily determined by regulating the volume flow controller.

This also results in high cooling capacities, because there are large exchange surfaces, after at least the underside 26a of the floor 26 or the entire floor 26 itself or all surrounding surfaces that define the ceiling cavity 30 are also used as heat exchange surfaces. This was not the case with the prior art.

In order to simplify the description, in the following patent claims the parts provided with reference numbers are not additionally denoted by their lower-case letters a, b, c, d, although the parts so denoted also belong to the scope of the patent claims.

drawing legend

1

corridor

2

hallway partition

3

door panel

4

Space

5

partitions

6

window

7

facade support

8th

ceiling panel (longitudinal slot)

9

ceiling panel (without slot)

10

spacer joint (open)

11

transverse joint

12

air distribution system

13

outlet pipe

14

arrow direction

15

main channel

16

volumetric flow controller

17

silencer

18

supply air pipe

19

arrow direction

20

manifold

21

manifold

22

cross tube

23

connecting piece

24

Corridor False Ceiling

25

Nozzle channel 25a,b,c,d

26

Floor 26a underside

27

room floor

28

cavity

29

floor

30

ceiling void

31

underblanket

32, 32b

room airflow

33

secondary airflow

34

tertiary airflow

35

Velocity profile a, b, c

36

Primary Air Jets (in 25)

37

Core Zone (of 40)

38

mixing zone

39

line

40

primary airflow

41

supply air opening

42

supply air slot

43

diffuser

44

profile

45

leg

46

leg

47

leg

48

Angle (of 39)

49

break part

51

arrow direction

52

Out guideline a, b, c

53

alignment angle

54

tempering pipe

55

main pipe

56

temperature control circuit

57

tempering register

58

Distance

59

ceiling panel opening

60

Tempering Air Flow (of 33)

61

wall connection side

Claims (15)

1. Method for ventilating and temperature-controlling rooms (4) according to the principle of dilution ventilation, wherein a primary air flow (40) is introduced into the ceiling cavity (30) of a room (4) which is partitioned from a storey ceiling (26) by a false ceiling (31) and is introduced into the room (4) via incoming-air apertures (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein the primary air flow (40) in the ceiling cavity (30) generates a secondary air flow (33) as an induction air flow which draws in a room air flow (32) from the room (4) into the ceiling cavity (30), mixes it with the secondary air flow (33) and introduces it into the room (4) as a tertiary air flow (34) via the incoming-air apertures (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein the primary air flow (40) as an induction air flow is directed in targeted manner against the incoming-air apertures (41, 42. 43) in the false ceiling (31) and thus generates the secondary air flow (33) drawing in the room air (32), characterised in that temperature-control registers (57), which temperature-control the secondary air flow (33) generated in the ceiling cavity (30) before it is introduced into the room (4) as a tertiary air flow (34), are arranged in or on the storey ceiling (26) or on or in the false ceiling (31), and in that the heat or cold of the storey ceiling (30) or of the false ceiling (31) is used for temperature-control of the secondary air flow (33) guided in the ceiling cavity (30).
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that during night operation, the temperature-control registers (57) used for cooling the false ceiling (31) at the same time also cool the underside of the storey ceiling (29) and charge with a certain quantity of cold which is released again to the secondary air flow (33) during day operation.
3. Arrangement with a storey ceiling, a false ceiling and a device for ventilating and temperature-controlling rooms according to the principle of dilution ventilation, wherein a primary air flow (40) can be introduced into the ceiling cavity (30) of a room (4) which is partitioned from the storey ceiling (26) by the false ceiling (31) and can be introduced into the room (4) via incoming-air apertures (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), wherein at least one nozzle duct (25) conducting the primary air flow (40), which conducts the primary air flow (40) directed in targeted manner against the incoming-air apertures (41, 42, 43) in the false celling (31) via primary air nozzles (36) arranged on the underside, is arranged in the ceiling cavity (31) and the primary air flow in the ceiling cavity (30) generates a secondary air flow (33) as an induction air flow which draws in a room air flow (32) from the room (4) via leaks in the false ceiling (31) into the ceiling cavity (30), mixes it with the secondary air flow (33) and introduces it into the room (4) via the incoming-air apertures (41, 42, 43) in the false ceiling (31), characterised in that temperature-control registers (57), which temperature-control the secondary air flow (33) generated in the ceiling cavity (30) before it is introduced into the room (4), are arranged in or on the storey ceiling (29) or on or in the false ceiling (31).
4. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that at least some of the air-conducting incoming-air apertures in the false ceiling (31) are configured as a diffusor (43).
5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterised in that the diffusor (43) consists of a conical section arranged on the inflow side which passes into a cylindrical section arranged on the outflow side.
6. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the primary air as a free jet in the form of a pointed core zone (37) flows out at high speed from the primary air nozzles (36) of the nozzle duct (25), and is directed in flush manner onto the incoming-air apertures (41) on the false ceiling side.
7. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that the air-conducting leaks in the false ceiling (31), through which the air room flow (32) is drawn into the ceiling cavity (30), are configured as spacer joints (10) between ceiling panels (8, 9) of the false ceiling.
8. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterised in that an induction number of 10 or more is achieved by induction of the nozzle duct (25, 25a-d) in the ceiling cavity (30).
9. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterised in that the primary air nozzles (36) have a slit width of 1 mm and the incoming-air apertures on the false ceiling side arranged in flush manner thereto have a slit width of 12 mm.
10. Arrangement according to claim 7 or according to one of claims 8 or 9 in combination with claim 7, characterised in that the spacer joints (10, 11) adjoining the ceiling panels (8, 9) on the longitudinal side are at least partially open.
11. Arrangement according to claim 10, characterised in that the spacer joints (10) preferably extend over the entire length of the ceiling panels (8, 9) adjoining one another on the longitudinal side.
12. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterised in that openings, through which the room air (32, 32b) is drawn into the ceiling cavity (30), are provided in the ceiling panels (8, 9), and in that the openings are configured as slits, bores, perforation holes or the like.
13. Arrangement according to claim 3, characterised in that the ceiling panels (8, 9) are air-impermeable per se and targeted leaks in the form of open joints (10, 11) are arranged on their wall-side room connection side (61)
14. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 13, characterised in that the false ceiling (31) is configured as a cooling ceiling or heating ceiling.
15. Arrangement according to one of claims 3 to 14, characterised in that the temperature-control registers (57) claim only some of the room surface, preferably only 40 % of the floor surface of the room (4).

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