EP3156360B1 - Ascenseur pour cages de petites dimensions - Google Patents

Ascenseur pour cages de petites dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3156360B1
EP3156360B1 EP16192947.6A EP16192947A EP3156360B1 EP 3156360 B1 EP3156360 B1 EP 3156360B1 EP 16192947 A EP16192947 A EP 16192947A EP 3156360 B1 EP3156360 B1 EP 3156360B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
car
elevator according
corner
corner elements
elevator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16192947.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3156360A1 (fr
Inventor
Volker Thoss
Stefan Utecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Composyst GmbH
Wittur Holding GmbH
Original Assignee
Composyst GmbH
Wittur Holding GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3156360A1 publication Critical patent/EP3156360A1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
    • B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation
    • B66B11/0253—Fixation of wall panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/02—Cages, i.e. cars
    • B66B11/0226—Constructional features, e.g. walls assembly, decorative panels, comfort equipment, thermal or sound insulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator according to the preamble of the respective main claim.
  • car frame In the search for ever more space-saving constructions, thought has already been given to optimizing the car itself.
  • car frames or "slings" are used, which encompass the elevator car on three or four sides.
  • the rail guide is attached to the car frame and the brake or brake safety device and the suspension element strand are also attached to the car frame.
  • the cabin sits muffled on the car frame. Almost all of the forces that occur during strong acceleration or catching are intercepted by the car frame and distributed to the cabin.
  • the patent application WO 2011/036686 discloses a car cabin with a load-bearing frame, each corner element being formed from a differently curved longitudinal wall which ends in first L-shaped structures.
  • a car made in this way is also very expensive to manufacture, since it consists of a large number of different individual parts, most of which have to be welded together. Furthermore, it is not suitable for a modular construction in which cars with different transport capacities can be built very easily from many identical parts.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an elevator with an even further reduced space requirement, which can be manufactured efficiently.
  • an elevator is proposed with a car that can be moved up and down along guide rails in the vertical direction.
  • This is characterized by the fact that the car floor and the car roof are connected to each other by single-shell corner elements. Corner elements that are adjacent in the circumferential direction are not directly connected to one another along their vertical side edges.
  • the corner elements each form a type of single-layer belt or a single-layer pillar over which the entire (i.e. any or at least essentially any) vertical flow of force that can occur between the car roof and the car floor is passed on to the car floor.
  • Such forces are of course exempted, e.g. B. when braking or catching due to inertia in the gap between the corner elements closing fillers themselves may arise and which are then forwarded by these themselves directly to the car floor.
  • the corner elements are made of a fiber material including fiber-reinforced plastic Fiber composite material exist. These materials are characterized by their high strength and their comparably low weight, even with thicker walls, as well as their inherent damping. In view of this, it is preferred that the single-shell corner elements preferably have a thickness of at least 5 mm and better of at least 7.5 mm.
  • a corner element has at least one mat, preferably made of tangled or ideally woven fiber material, which spans an entire large area of the corner element formed with its participation. Large areas are the two largest surfaces that directly face the interior of the car and the exterior of the car.
  • a visible surface is to be created on the inside of the cabin, which is to be used unclad.
  • the said mat can be made of a decorative material that does not or does not significantly contribute to the resilience of the corner element.
  • corner elements of the car have the shape of an L-profile, preferably each with a corner which is formed by an arc with a radius of curvature of preferably at least 40 mm.
  • profiled corner elements of this type form kink-stable columns which can also be loaded under the load of two Do not give in the elevator car roof with the necessary tools.
  • one or more corner elements have on their outer side facing away from the interior of the car a plurality of preferably parallel slots that are filled with a filler material.
  • These slots allow the particularly efficient production of curved corner elements. This is because they allow a straight sheet of fiber material, which is actually too thick for bending, to be weakened in such a way that it can be bent after its binder has hardened.
  • the original plate then forms a two-legged corner element, the legs of which are connected to one another via a radius of curvature in the form of a polygonal shape which gives the corner element kink resistance.
  • the slits are filled with a filling material that firmly bonds to the material of the plate and prevents the plate from springing back into its flat starting position.
  • each leg of a corner element taking the shape of an L-profile extends at least 25 cm, better at least 35 cm, in the horizontal direction along the side of the car to which it is assigned.
  • adjacent corner elements in the circumferential direction have a distance of at least 40 cm, better at least 60 cm, between their vertical side edges.
  • a filler element is arranged between two corner elements. Such a filler performs in As a rule, no additional contribution to the load transmission between the car roof and the car floor.
  • the filling element is typically also single-shell.
  • Such a filling element can therefore consist of a very inexpensive material or a decorative material that takes no account of the strength conditions, such as an opaque or patterned or crystal clear acrylic glass.
  • the filling elements and / or the corner elements are preferably designed such that they can engage in one another at their vertical joint, preferably over their entire length, in the manner of tongue and groove boards. Last but not least, with fiber materials or fiber composite materials, this facilitates the secure joining and the production of a surface that may be suitable as a visible surface without further treatment.
  • the tongue and groove connection is joined with the interposition of a rubber layer surrounding the tongue. In this way, it is excluded that squeaking or creaking noises or vibrating noises occur in the area of the tongue and groove connection, as typically occurs in the case of relative movements between plastic surfaces that bear against one another under tension.
  • Protection according to the invention is also claimed for a system for building an elevator car using the corner elements according to the invention.
  • a system for building an elevator car using the corner elements according to the invention preferably comprises a car floor, ideally designed as a sandwich with the participation of a rigid foam core with two cover layers, with a circumferential flange for connection to the car side walls, a car roof with a circumferential flange for connection with the car side walls, with a single-skin design corner elements and filling elements that can be installed between the corner elements.
  • the system preferably comprises filling elements with 6 different widths, so that the system can be used to manufacture cars with different base areas without having to produce individual corner elements.
  • the system according to the invention can comprise prefabricated filler elements in different widths and / or filler elements, the width of which is individually tailored in individual cases.
  • the Figure 5 shows a car according to the state of the art.
  • the car frame 2 which surrounds the car 1 on all sides and encloses it like a ring, can be clearly seen here.
  • the car or the actual cabin is placed on the lower, horizontal part of the car frame 2 in a noise-insulated manner using buffers 3.
  • the upper part of the elevator car is often also connected to the car frame in a noise-isolating manner via additional buffers 3.
  • the rail guides are attached to the car frame 2 and also the brake or brake safety devices.
  • the suspension means A are fastened to the car frame 2, here, for example, to its upper horizontally oriented support, so that all loads are carried away via the car frame.
  • the elevator according to the invention preferably has a so-called self-supporting floor platform 5.
  • a self-supporting floor platform 5 is used when the structure of the floor platform is capable of preferably absorbing all or at least all of the vertical forces that occur during operation without it being too inadmissible deformations.
  • the side walls 6 of the 3 car then only have the task of holding the roof 6a of the car in this way and, if necessary, guiding the car vertically by forming a base on which the rail guides of the car are then mounted.
  • the roof can be entered by at least two fitters in order to work on the elevator system from the roof, e.g. work on the drive that is housed in the shaft head without a machine room. In this respect, too, the side walls provide the necessary strength.
  • the side walls 6 of the car still have the function of supporting passengers who are leaning against the side walls or their possible handrail from the inside, and of course, as a rule, to form a cabin which is essentially closed to the outside when the car door is closed and which prevents the Passengers can come into contact with the shaft wall moving past the moving cabin or the shaft fittings found there.
  • the self-supporting floor platform 5 can be designed in different ways, as will be explained in more detail.
  • the car side walls 6 are designed to be continuous or at least 85% single-shell, the first alternative being clearly preferred.
  • the term “consistently single-shell design” in accordance with the invention means that nowhere in the car side walls is a tubular profile extending in the vertical direction along all or most of the side wall integrated or several separate plates placed on top of one another, with the exception of special attachment points, such as a guide shoe, which is (locally) attached to the car side wall 6 in order to interact with the respective guide rail.
  • the term is preferably used in its narrower sense and then means that a tubular profile is also not integrated in some areas in the side walls.
  • the car floor 5 is advantageously from the in Fig. 1 hatched bottom plate 21 formed, which forms all around downwardly projecting flange surfaces 22.
  • the base plate 21 is preferably also made of fiber material, but can also be made of sheet metal.
  • the base plate is preferably designed to be self-supporting, ie it absorbs all loads resulting from the suspension of the car 1 on the suspension means, not shown, without substantial or completely without the involvement of the side walls 6 and the car roof 6a, which only "carry themselves” result and arise when braking or catching the car 1.
  • a hard foam core 23 ideally lies on the base plate 21 toward the inside of the cabin, which in turn has a core Fig. 1 Carries cover plate 24, not shown, which represents the bottom inner surface of the car floor.
  • the base plate 21, the rigid foam core 23 and the cover plate 24 are preferably glued or welded to one another and thus form a sandwich base.
  • such a Sandwich floor which is characterized by its light weight, underpinned by a chassis, ie a metal frame construction.
  • the car side walls 6 are generally in contact with the already described circumferential flange surface 22 of the base plate 21 of the car 1 and, as a rule, also against a corresponding flange surface 25 of the car roof 6a. Screws and particularly preferably rivets, ideally blind rivets, provide the necessary frictional connection. These fasteners each reach through the relevant car side wall 6 and the relevant flange surface of the car floor 5 or the car roof 6a and press them together.
  • the respective flange surface 22, 25 is typically designed such that it is not accessible from the inside of the cabin on its rear side facing the vertical central axis of the car, but from the outside, namely from the car floor or from the car roof, as in FIG Fig. 1 shown.
  • the car side walls 6 are designed such that the material forming the car side wall forms a corner element 18 in the form of an L-profile in the area of the corners.
  • an L-profile preferably has a generously rounded corner - that is, a corner which is formed by an arc with a radius of curvature of preferably at least 40 mm.
  • the said radius of curvature is the radius of a circle inscribed in the corner from the inside.
  • each leg of such a corner element 18 extends at least 25 cm, better at least 35 cm in the horizontal direction along the side of the car to which it is assigned.
  • Such a corner element 18 has a high stiffness.
  • it can also be made from sheet steel or other sufficiently load-bearing material, for example from twin-wall sheets or from aluminum. It can be made of sheet metal, for example.
  • Such a corner element very preferably consists of a fiber material or a fiber composite material. It then (measured perpendicular to its large area) preferably has a thickness of at least 5 mm, better even at least 7.5 mm. Unlike a thin and therefore possibly also very light sheet, a corner element made of a fiber material or fiber composite material has damping properties, so that no droning or audible vibrations can occur during operation.
  • a corresponding L-shaped corner element 18 is attached to at least three of the corners of the car, the fourth corner may be formed by a special corner element 18a with regard to a side-opening sliding door, which does not encompass the corner, but is flat. Apart from the L-shaped configuration, however, what has been said previously and subsequently for the regular corner elements 18 also applies mutatis mutandis to this particular corner element 18a.
  • corner elements 18, 18a may also cover the car rails, which are preferably also located here in the area of the corners.
  • Filling elements 19 are provided between two corner elements 18, 18a. These can also be made of glass or translucent or opaque plastic, for example, which is special creates inexpensive, new lighting options for the car. In order to be able to use these, illuminants that radiate from the outside inwards must be provided on the outside of the filler elements, for example corresponding LED fields, which can possibly also provide ambient lighting, by changing colors, for example between day and night.
  • the side walls or their corner elements are single-shell, they can be provided with local reinforcement elements, which generally do not extend in the vertical direction over the entire corner element or the entire side wall, which is not shown here in the figures.
  • a reinforcement element can be used, for example, to fasten an upper or lower rail guide to the outside of the car side wall and to be able to support it in such a way that the forces which increase and decrease during operation, in particular horizontal forces, do not cause any visible deformation of the relevant one to the naked eye Cause sidewall.
  • the side wall or the corner element consists of a fiber material or fiber composite material
  • the respective reinforcing element is laminated or inserted into the material and is preferably thereby already glued to it ready for use.
  • the respective reinforcing element can also be screwed or riveted to the material.
  • car side walls are made of sheet metal, they can provide a firm hold for the rail guide to be mounted on the side wall by means of beads, recesses or local doubling from another sheet metal or sheet metal part, without losing their property of single-sheet form, as long as the term "single sheet" in one wider sense is used.
  • This type of wall design of a car 1 using prefabricated corner elements 18, 18a of the type just described is particularly favorable because it creates a modular wall system with which cars with different footprints can be produced very efficiently. This offers a considerable advantage, particularly when modernizing existing elevator systems, not least in connection with the possible framelessness of the elevator car.
  • corner elements 18, 18a Since these are solely or essentially responsible for the non-positive connection between the accessible car roof 6a and the car floor, it is easily possible to respond to different footprint requirements.
  • filling elements 19 of different widths are only required in the horizontal direction. Instead, it can also be considered to cut filler elements 19 with exactly the right width. Because of the single-shell nature and the fact that the filling elements are preferably non-load-bearing or at least essentially non-load-bearing elements, this can be accomplished simply and without the need for strength calculations or analyzes.
  • the filling elements 19 or corner elements 18, 18a are designed such that they are attached to their vertical joint, preferably over its entire length, interlocking like tongue and groove boards. It is particularly expedient if it is the corner elements 18, 18a that each have a spring 26 integrally formed on them or made by partial milling along their vertical side edges, which can be inserted into the corresponding groove of a filler element 19, cf. Fig. 2 and 4 ,
  • the tongue 26 of the one element is then preferably inserted into the groove with the interposition of a thin rubber or cellular rubber layer M placed around the tongue 26 in a V-shape. This ensures the necessary hold and that no annoying noises can be transmitted via the tongue and groove connection.
  • the corner elements preferably consist of a plurality of mats laminated on fiber material, which are mostly woven mats.
  • At least one of these mats spans an entire large area of a corner element, preferably the visible side of the corner element facing the interior of the car.
  • corner element consists of two generally right-angled legs which are connected to one another via a radius
  • a corner element bears on its outside facing away from the interior of the car in the region of its radius of curvature a plurality of vertically extending slots 20 such as that Fig. 3 shows.
  • slots 20 are typically made by milling or sawing or cutting into the initially flat plate, which is intended to form the respective corner element 18. Your preferred width in the horizontal direction is between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. These slots 20 therefore each cut a part of the layer of the hardened fiber material, but do not penetrate completely through the corner element 18, so that its visible side facing the cabin interior has an undisturbed surface.
  • the slots have a slot base G and two side walls S.
  • slots 20 allow a corner element to be bent from a fully hardened, flat plate, which has two legs projecting in different directions, which are connected to each other by a connecting section with a radius.
  • the slots 20 define a number of slats on the corner element, which can be shaped into a curve. The strength of the corner element in the vertical direction is not or not significantly impaired by the slots 20.
  • the slots are filled with a filling material 20a, preferably with an adhesive or the resin-hardener mixture, optionally with the addition of fibers, which was also used as such in the manufacture of the plates.
  • the filling material 20a has such a compressive strength that the corner profile automatically retains the shape given to it by the bending. A slight springback is harmless or can be compensated from the outset by a bend that is initially too strong.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (18)

  1. Ascenseur comportant une cabine (1) mobile vers le haut et vers le bas dans la direction verticale le long de rails de guidage (8),
    dans lequel le plancher (5) et le toit (6a) de la cabine sont reliés par des éléments de coin (18, 18a) monocoques qui ne sont pas directement reliés l'un à l'autre le long de leurs bords latéraux verticaux et par lesquels l'ensemble du flux de force vertical qui peut se produire entre le toit (6a) et le plancher (5) de la cabine est transmis au plancher (5) de la cabine, un ou plusieurs éléments de coin (18) étant recourbés,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un ou plusieurs éléments de coin (18) présentent sur leur face extérieure détournée de l'intérieur de la cabine, au niveau de leur rayon de courbure, une pluralité de fentes (20) qui s'étendent dans la direction verticale et qui sont remplies d'un matériau de remplissage (20a).
  2. Ascenseur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les éléments de coin (18, 18a) ou au moins une partie des éléments de coin (18) sont constitués d'un matériau de fibres ou d'un matériau composite de fibres.
  3. Ascenseur selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un élément de coin (18, 18a) comprend au moins une nappe couvrant l'ensemble d'une grande surface de l'élément de coin (18, 18a) formé avec sa participation.
  4. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins deux, de préférence trois, éléments de coin (18) ont la forme d'un profilé en L, de préférence avec un coin formé par un coude ayant un rayon de courbure de préférence d'au moins 40 mm.
  5. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les fentes (20) sont parallèles les unes aux autres.
  6. Ascenseur selon la revendication 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les fentes (20) sont fraisées ou sciées dans l'élément de coin (18).
  7. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les fentes (20) sont espacées verticalement les unes des autres d'une distance comprise entre 1 cm et 7 cm, de préférence entre 2 cm et 4 cm.
  8. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce que
    sur l'élément de coin (18) prêt à installer, les fentes (20) ont des parois latérales (S) s'écartant en oblique à partir du fond (G) de la fente.
  9. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le matériau de remplissage (20a) contient ou est constitué seul en une colle ou en une résine durcissable.
  10. Ascenseur selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chaque branche d'un élément de coin (18) prenant la forme d'un profilé en L s'étend sur au moins 25 cm, mieux sur au moins 35 cm, en direction horizontale le long du côté de la cabine auquel elle est associée.
  11. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un élément de remplissage (19) respectif est disposé entre deux éléments de coin (18, 18a).
  12. Ascenseur selon la revendication 11,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de remplissage (19) est transparent ou translucide et est constitué de préférence en matière plastique, un moyen d'éclairage étant monté de préférence sur le côté cage d'un élément de remplissage, qui rayonne à travers l'élément de remplissage jusque dans l'intérieur de la cabine.
  13. Ascenseur selon la revendication 11 ou 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les éléments de remplissage (19) ou les éléments de coin (18, 18a) sont conçus de manière à s'imbriquer les uns dans les autres à la manière de planches à rainure et languette au niveau de leur jointure verticale, de préférence sur toute la longueur.
  14. Ascenseur selon la revendication 12,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la liaison à rainure et languette est assemblée avec interposition d'une couche en caoutchouc entourant la languette.
  15. Ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'un au moins des éléments de coin (18, 18a), de préférence tous les éléments de coin (18, 18a), sont pourvus chacun d'au moins un élément de renforcement local qui constitue une base de fixation pour au moins un élément fonctionnel, tel qu'une glissière 7a, 7b, permettant de préférence directement le fonctionnement de l'ascenseur.
  16. Ascenseur selon la revendication 15,
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins un élément de coin (18, 18a) est constitué en un matériau de fibres ou en un matériau composite de fibres, et ledit au moins un élément de renforcement prévu de préférence est intégré par stratification ou posé dans le matériau et est ainsi de préférence déjà assemblé par collage avec celui-ci de façon prête à l'emploi.
  17. Ascenseur selon la revendication 15 ou 16,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément de renforcement est relié directement au plancher (5) de la cabine par coopération de force.
  18. Système pour construire une cabine d'ascenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comportant un plancher de cabine (5) réalisé de préférence en sandwich avec participation d'un noyau en mousse dure (23) ayant deux couches de couverture et comportant une bride (22) s'étendant en direction périphérique pour relier les parois latérales (6) de la cabine, un toit de cabine (6a) ayant une bride (25) s'étendant en direction périphérique pour la liaison avec les parois latérales (6) de la cabine, des éléments de coin (18, 18a) réalisés monocoques et des éléments de remplissage (19) intégrables entre les éléments de coin, le système comprenant de préférence des éléments de remplissage (19) ayant différentes largeurs, de sorte que le système permet de réaliser des cabines (1) ayant différentes surfaces de base, sans nécessité de réaliser des éléments de paroi latérale individuels.
EP16192947.6A 2015-10-12 2016-10-07 Ascenseur pour cages de petites dimensions Active EP3156360B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202015007048 2015-10-12
DE202016102576 2016-05-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3156360A1 EP3156360A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
EP3156360B1 true EP3156360B1 (fr) 2020-02-12

Family

ID=57137849

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16192947.6A Active EP3156360B1 (fr) 2015-10-12 2016-10-07 Ascenseur pour cages de petites dimensions

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3156360B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202016105628U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2784870T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006100542A1 (fr) * 2005-03-24 2006-09-28 Otis Elevator Company Cabine d'ascenseur a parois vitrees
DE102005041619A1 (de) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-08 Wittur Ag Aufzugsanlage mit selbsttragendem Fahrkorb
US20070181380A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2007-08-09 Bostock Glenn A Panel assembly with trim plates
ATE430709T1 (de) 2007-03-07 2009-05-15 Wittur Holding Gmbh Selbsttragender fahrkorb
IT1395921B1 (it) * 2009-09-24 2012-11-02 Igv Group S P A Intelaiatura portante per cabina di ascensore

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
EP3156360A1 (fr) 2017-04-19
DE202016105628U1 (de) 2016-10-25
ES2784870T3 (es) 2020-10-01

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