EP3155708A1 - Motor vehicle auxiliary power unit electric motor - Google Patents

Motor vehicle auxiliary power unit electric motor

Info

Publication number
EP3155708A1
EP3155708A1 EP14730861.3A EP14730861A EP3155708A1 EP 3155708 A1 EP3155708 A1 EP 3155708A1 EP 14730861 A EP14730861 A EP 14730861A EP 3155708 A1 EP3155708 A1 EP 3155708A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
electric motor
stator
rotor
stator body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14730861.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimir Popov
Mathias Zill
Frank Schwabbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH filed Critical Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3155708A1 publication Critical patent/EP3155708A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
    • H02K23/04—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having permanent magnet excitation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/26—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings
    • H02K23/30—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having lap or loop windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/02—Casings or enclosures characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanically commutated motor vehicle
  • Auxiliary electric motor for driving an auxiliary unit in a motor vehicle (motor vehicle).
  • auxiliary units are driven by an electric motor, which can serve both as an actuator, for example, for locking systems, as well as a continuous drive, for example, for fans and pumps.
  • An undemanding, reliable and inexpensive electric motor is the so-called DC electric motor, which is mechanically commutated.
  • the motor rotor on a commutator, via which the energization of the rotor coils.
  • the motor stator has a plurality of stator poles, which are ferromagnetic or permanent magnetic. Furthermore, the motor stator is associated with a ferromagnetic conclusion, by which a low-resistance magnetic circuit is defined.
  • the motor stator is formed of a permanent magnetically polarized stator body, which also forms the housing of the electric motor.
  • the motor coils of the motor rotor are wound diametrically.
  • Object of the invention is to create a cheap and easy mechanically commutated automotive auxiliary power generator electric motor against this background.
  • the motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor has a motor rotor with a plurality of rotor coils and a mechanical commutator for energizing the rotor coils.
  • the rotor coils are seated on a multi-pole, star-shaped and ferromagnetic rotor body, which is fixed on a ferromagnetic rotor shaft.
  • the rotor shaft is rotatably supported by shaft bearings on a housing of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor In the region of the motor rotor having the motor coils, the electric motor has a permanent magnet motor stator which forms a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction.
  • stator body which is formed by a plastic material with permanent magnet particles.
  • the permanent magnet particles are preferably spatially substantially homogeneously distributed in the stator body or the plastic mass.
  • the stator body can be produced by injection molding, the permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass preferably being permanently magnetized during the injection molding and / or locally aligned radially accordingly.
  • the stator body has a motor section and a commutator section adjacent thereto axially.
  • the motor section of the stator body forms the motor stator.
  • the commutator section axially adjoins the motor section and surrounds the commutator.
  • the stator body is preferably formed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the wall thickness A of the stator body is greater in the motor section than the wall thickness B of the stator body in Kommutatorabites.
  • the wall thickness of the stator body must have a certain minimum dimension to ensure a good electromagnetic efficiency of the electric motor.
  • the engine section Wall thickness 0.2 to 0.8 times the inside pole pitch P.
  • the inside pole distance is the distance of a south pole to the adjacent north pole on the inner peripheral side of the motor stator and the stator body in the region of the motor section.
  • the wall thickness in the region of the motor section is thus generally considerably larger than would be required for the mechanical stability of the stator body.
  • the wall thickness may be reduced to a level which is just sufficient for the mechanical stability of the stator body in this area.
  • the material volume of the stator body may be considerably reduced under certain circumstances.
  • this also reduces the material used for the production of the stator body.
  • permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass of the stator body rare earths are often used because of their excellent permanent magnetic properties, which are expensive. By reducing the use of materials so the material costs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, more space is created by reducing the wall thickness in the commutator, so that the electric motor tends to be made more compact.
  • the stator body In the region of its commutator section, the stator body preferably holds a pole bridge, which in turn carries the commutator or the non-rotating part of the commutator.
  • the non-rotating part of the commutator is usually formed by the so-called commutator brushes, which run on a rotor-side commutator lamella.
  • the pole bridge essentially standing in a transverse plane thus preferably forms the support for the commutator brushes.
  • a transverse plane is basically understood to mean a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the stator body radially on the inside has a circumferentially extending step which separates the motor section from the commutator section.
  • the radial shoulder depth corresponds approximately to the difference between the stator body wall thickness of the motor section and the stator body wall thickness of the commutator section.
  • the annular disk-shaped shoulder surface is preferably located exactly in a transverse plane. Due to the inside heel, the free cross-section within the stator body is increased in the commutator section, so that correspondingly more space is available for the pole bridge and the commutator.
  • the stator body forms the housing of the electric motor, or a part of the housing of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor housing surrounding the motor rotor and the motor stator with the magnetic poles are formed by a single integral stator body.
  • the stator body thus has a dual function, since it forms both the housing surrounding the motor rotor and the permanent magnet motor stator including a plurality of magnetic poles.
  • the construction of the electric motor is considerably simplified, in particular in the area of the motor stator and the motor rotor. A separate motor housing is not provided or not available in this area.
  • the motor shaft width of the stator body is at least 1.5 times the commutator section wall thickness, and more preferably at least 1.9 times the commutator section wall thickness.
  • the motor stator is 4-pole, 6-pole or 8-pole, and is particularly preferably formed 6-pin.
  • a toothed disc is mounted with toothed segments in the region of the commutator on the rotor shaft, and a magnetic field sensor associated with the toothed segments is provided on the stator side.
  • the functional and spatial assignment of the magnetic field sensor to the toothed segments deletes them from the magnetic field sensor in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet stator body passes through the toothed disks passing by This modulation is detected by the fixed magnetic field sensor, which may preferably be designed as a so-called Hall sensor or as a sensor coil, so that in this way a simple and inexpensive designed rotary sensor is realized.
  • the rotary sensor realized in this way allows control of the motor current. This in turn makes it possible to limit the starting current to a relatively low value, since a non-start can be reliably detected. Only in the event of a start-up will the starting current be briefly increased beyond the limit in order to force a motor startup. Since the starting current can be limited relatively low by default, the wear of the commutator is considerably reduced by so-called brush fire, so that the life of the commutator can be considerably extended.
  • the number of tooth segments of the toothed disk is preferably greater than the number of motor stator magnetic poles, since in this way a more accurate resolution or determination of the rotor rotational position is possible.
  • the motor coils are formed as Einstattwicklept.
  • a single-tooth windings has a high electromagnetic efficiency compared with the diametrical winding, so that the coil volume of the rotor coils can be reduced, with further positive secondary effects, in particular reduced heat generation of the rotor coils and improved heat dissipation from the rotor coils.
  • the motor rotor has a plurality of pole heads, which are separated by separating grooves.
  • the separating grooves are exactly axially oriented, so do not describe a helix.
  • Helical separating grooves between the motor rotor pole heads are used in the prior art to reduce the cogging torque and to achieve a more ideal sinusoidal course of the magnetic forces over the circumference.
  • the formation of the permanent magnet motor stator from a single homogeneous stator body, which are impressed in the circumferential direction a plurality of magnetic poles, can be dispensed with a helical formation of the separating grooves between the Motorrotor- Polkéen, at the same time a relatively ideal sinusoidal course of acting between the motor rotor and the motor stator Magnetic forces can be realized over the circumference.
  • the stator also forms a final housing end wall of the housing, which carries a rotor bearing, which may be designed as a sliding bearing or as a rolling bearing.
  • the end wall formed by the stator body thus forms a so-called end shield and at the same time ensures a low-resistance magnetic inference to the ferromagnetic rotor shaft.
  • the functional integration of the housing end wall in the stator body of the mechanical structure of the electric motor is further simplified, thereby reducing the assembly costs are reduced.
  • the permanent magnet particles of the stator housing body consist of one or more ferrites. Ferrites are inexpensive and have good permanent magnetic properties. Alternatively or additionally, the permanent magnet particles may also consist of rare earths which have excellent permanent magnetic properties. Particularly preferably, the permanent magnet particles consist of an anisotropic material which has a magnetic preferred direction. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the permanent magnet particles are already radially aligned during the injection molding of the stator housing body by an external magnetic field.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor
  • FIG. 2 shows a first cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the motor rotor and the motor stator
  • FIG. 3 shows a second cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the toothed disk.
  • a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor 10 is shown; which can serve as a drive for an auxiliary unit of any kind in a motor vehicle, for example, as a controller for a valve, a throttle, a locking system, etc. or as a continuous drive for a fan, a pump, etc.
  • the electric motor 10 is a so-called DC electric motor formed, which has a mechanical commutator 48.
  • the electric motor 10 has a motor rotor 40 which is formed by a ferromagnetic rotor body 41 present with eight pole heads 44, each associated with a trained as Einstattwicklung rotor coil 45 is the pole heads 44 are on the outside by separating grooves 42 separated from each other, exactly axially in the longitudinal direction are oriented, so have no helical component in their course.
  • the rotor coils 45 are energized via the commutator 48.
  • the motor rotor 40 is non-rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft 46, which carries a driven pinion 56 at one longitudinal end.
  • the electric motor 10 has a substantially cylindrical housing 20, which laterally shields the electric motor 10 at one longitudinal end and laterally over its entire axial length.
  • the housing 20 is essentially formed by a one-piece and homogeneous stator body 32, which has a thin-walled cylindrical commutator section 62, a thick-walled cylindrical motor section 60 adjoining thereto and an end wall 22 at one longitudinal end of the electric motor 10.
  • the thick-walled motor portion 60 of the stator body 32 forms a permanent magnet motor stator 30 with six magnetic poles N, S, which are arranged uniformly over the circumference, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the stator body wall thickness A of the motor portion 60 is about 2.0 times the stator body wall thickness B of the adjacent one Commutator section 62.
  • the motor section wall thickness A in the present case is approximately 0.5 times to 0.6 times the pole pitch P.
  • the pole pitch P is the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles measured on the inner circumference of the stator body 32 in the motor section 60 ,
  • the stator body 32 which forms the housing 20, is externally cylindrically free of steps. Radially on the inside there is provided at the transition between the motor section 60 and the grain driver 63 a circumferentially annular step 64 which separates the motor section 60 from the commutator section 62. The annular surface of the shoulder 64 is approximately in a transverse plane.
  • the entire one-piece stator body 32 consists of a plastic mass 35, are embedded homogeneously distributed in the permanent magnet particles 33.
  • the permanent magnet particles 33 may consist of a ferrite, but particularly preferably consist of a rare earth metal, also called rare earth, which is anisotropic.
  • the anisotropic permanent magnet particles 33 are already aligned during the injection molding of the stator 32 by external magnetic fields in the plastic mass 35 corresponding radially.
  • the volume share! the permanent magnet particle in the total volume is preferably between 40% and 95%, and is usually in the range of 90%.
  • the end-side end wall 22 of the housing 20 formed by the stator housing body 32 carries in a bearing opening 52 a rotor bearing 54, which in the present case is designed as a roller bearing, and rotatably supports the rotor shaft 46 on the motor housing 20.
  • a toothed disk 70 is rotationally fixed on the rotor shaft 46, which has, for example, twelve toothed segments 74, which on a cylindrical surface on the radially outer edge of Pulley 70 are arranged.
  • the stator body 32 in the commutator section 62 has a total of 20 poles, so that the number of stator body magnetic poles in the commutator section 62 is greater than in the motor section 60.
  • the stator body 32 holds a lid-like pole bridge 80, which holds the commutator 48, or concretely holds the two Kommutatorbürsten 82, which make electrical contact with a shaft-side commutator lamellae ring 81.
  • the cover-like pole bridge 80 also holds a magnetic field sensor 84, which is arranged on the radially inner side of the toothed segments 74 and in approximately a transverse plane with the toothed segments 74 on the stator side, ie fixed.
  • the magnetic field sensor 84 may be formed as a Hall sensor or as a sensor coil.

Abstract

The invention relates to a motor vehicle auxiliary power unit electric motor (10) comprising a motor rotor (40) comprising a plurality of rotor coils (45), a mechanical commutator (48) for energizing the rotor coils (45), and a permanent magnetic motor stator (30) with a plurality of magnet poles. The motor stator (30) consists of a homogeneous stator body (32) formed as one-piece, which consists of permanent magnetic particles in a plastic composite, wherein the stator body (32) has a motor section (60) and an axially delimiting retaining section (62) in the region of the motor rotor (40) comprising the rotor coils (45). The stator body wall thickness (A) of the motor section (60) is greater than the stator body wall thickness (B) of the retaining section (62).

Description

Kfz- Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor  Car auxiliary power unit electric motor
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen mechanisch kommutierten Kfz-The invention relates to a mechanically commutated motor vehicle
Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor zum Antrieb eines Hilfsaggregats in einem Kraftfahrzeug (Kfz). Auxiliary electric motor for driving an auxiliary unit in a motor vehicle (motor vehicle).
In Kraftfahrzeugen werden viele Hilfsaggregate durch einen Elektromotor angetrieben, der sowohl als Stellantrieb, beispielsweise für Schließsysteme, als auch als kontinuierlicher Antrieb beispielsweise für Lüfter und Pumpen, dienen kann. Ein anspruchsloser, zuverlässiger und preiswerter Elektromotor ist der sogenannte Gleichstrom-Elektromotor, der mechanisch kommutiert wird. Hierzu weist der Motorrotor einen Kommutator auf, über den die Bestromung der Rotorspulen erfolgt. Der Motorstator weist mehrere Statorpole auf, die ferromagnetisch oder permanentmagnetisch ausgebildet sind. Ferner ist dem Motorstator ein ferromagnetischer Rückschluss zugeordnet, durch den ein widerstandsarmer Magnetkreis definiert wird. In motor vehicles, many auxiliary units are driven by an electric motor, which can serve both as an actuator, for example, for locking systems, as well as a continuous drive, for example, for fans and pumps. An undemanding, reliable and inexpensive electric motor is the so-called DC electric motor, which is mechanically commutated. For this purpose, the motor rotor on a commutator, via which the energization of the rotor coils. The motor stator has a plurality of stator poles, which are ferromagnetic or permanent magnetic. Furthermore, the motor stator is associated with a ferromagnetic conclusion, by which a low-resistance magnetic circuit is defined.
Aus US 5 691 681 A ist ein mechanisch kommutierter Gleichstrom- Elektromotor bekannt, dessen Motorstator aus einem permanentmagnetisch polarisierten Statorkörper gebildet wird, der auch das Gehäuse des Elektromotors bildet. Die Motorspulen des Motorrotors sind diametral gewickelt. From US 5,691,681 A a mechanically commutated DC electric motor is known, the motor stator is formed of a permanent magnetically polarized stator body, which also forms the housing of the electric motor. The motor coils of the motor rotor are wound diametrically.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es vor diesem Hintergrund, einen preiswerten und leichten mechanisch kommutierten Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor zu schaffen. Object of the invention is to create a cheap and easy mechanically commutated automotive auxiliary power generator electric motor against this background.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst mit einem Kfz-Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Der erfindungsgemäße Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor weist einen Motorrotor mit mehreren Rotorspulen und einen mechanischen Kommutator zur Bestromung der Rotorspulen auf. Die Rotorspulen sitzen auf einem mehrpoligen, sternartigen und ferromagnetischen Rotorkörper, der auf einer ferromagnetischen Rotorwelle fixiert ist. Die Rotorwelle ist über Wellenlager an einem Gehäuse des Elektromotors drehbar gelagert. Der Elektromotor weist im Bereich des die Motorspulen aufweisenden Motorrotors einen permanentmagnetischen Motorstator auf, der in Umfangsrichtung mehrere Magnetpole bildet. Es ist ein einstückiger Statorkörper vorgesehen, der von einer Kunststoffmasse mit Permanentmagnet-Partikeln gebildet wird. Die Permanentmagnet- Partikel sind bevorzugt räumlich weitgehend homogen in dem Statorkörper bzw. der Kunststoff masse verteilt. Die Herstellung des Statorkörpers kann im Spritzguss erfolgen, wobei vorzugsweise bereits während des Spritzgießens die Permanentmagnet- Partikel In der Kunststoff masse permanent magnetisiert und/oder lokal entsprechend radial ausgerichtet werden. This object is achieved with a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor with the features of claim 1. The motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor according to the invention has a motor rotor with a plurality of rotor coils and a mechanical commutator for energizing the rotor coils. The rotor coils are seated on a multi-pole, star-shaped and ferromagnetic rotor body, which is fixed on a ferromagnetic rotor shaft. The rotor shaft is rotatably supported by shaft bearings on a housing of the electric motor. In the region of the motor rotor having the motor coils, the electric motor has a permanent magnet motor stator which forms a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction. It is provided a one-piece stator body, which is formed by a plastic material with permanent magnet particles. The permanent magnet particles are preferably spatially substantially homogeneously distributed in the stator body or the plastic mass. The stator body can be produced by injection molding, the permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass preferably being permanently magnetized during the injection molding and / or locally aligned radially accordingly.
Der Statorkörper weist in axialer Richtung betrachtet einen Motorabschnitt und einen axial daran angrenzenden Kommutatorabschnitt auf. Der Motorabschnitt des Statorkörpers bildet den Motorstator. Der Kommutatorabschnitt grenzt axial an den Motorabschnitt an und umgibt den Kommutator. Der Statorkörper ist bevorzugt hohlzylindrisch ausgebildet. As viewed in the axial direction, the stator body has a motor section and a commutator section adjacent thereto axially. The motor section of the stator body forms the motor stator. The commutator section axially adjoins the motor section and surrounds the commutator. The stator body is preferably formed as a hollow cylinder.
Die Wandstärke A des Statorkörpers ist im Motorabschnitt größer als die Wandstärke B des Statorkörpers in Kommutatorabschnitt. In dem Motorabschnitt muss die Wandstärke des Statorkörpers ein gewisses Mindestmaß aufweisen, um einen guten elektromagnetischen Wirkungsgrad des Elektromotors sicherzustellen. Je kleiner die Polzahl des Motorstators ist, desto größer muss hierzu die Wandstärke im Bereich des Motorabschnitts des sein. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Motorabschnitt- Wandstärke das 0,2- bis 0,8-fache des innenseitigen Polabstands P. Der innenseitige Polabstand ist der Abstand eines Südpols zu dem benachbarten Nordpol an der Innenumfangsseite des Motorstators bzw. des Statorkörpers im Bereich des Motorabschnitts. Die Wandstärke im Bereich des Motorabschnitts ist damit in der Regel erheblich größer, als dies für die mechanische Stabilität des Statorkörpers erforderlich wäre. In dem Kommutatorabschnitt, der an den Motorabschnitt unmittelbar angrenzt, kann die Wandstärke jedoch auf ein Maß reduziert sein, das für die mechanische Stabilität des Statorkörpers in diesem Bereich gerade ausreichend ist. Auf diese Weise wird das Materialvolumen des Statorkörpers unter Umständen erheblich reduziert. Neben einer nicht unerheblichen Gewichtsersparnis wird hierdurch auch der Materialeinsatz für die Herstellung des Statorkörpers verringert. Als Permanentmagnet- Partikel in der Kunststoffmasse des Statorkörpers werden wegen ihrer hervorragenden permanentmagnetischen Eigenschaften häufig Seltene Erden verwendet, die kostspielig sind. Durch die Reduzierung des Materialeinsatzes werden also auch die Materialkosten erheblich reduziert. Ferner wird durch die Verringerung der Wandstärke in dem Kommutatorabschnitt auch mehr Raum geschaffen, so dass der Elektromotor tendenziell kompakter ausgestaltet werden kann. The wall thickness A of the stator body is greater in the motor section than the wall thickness B of the stator body in Kommutatorabschnitt. In the motor section, the wall thickness of the stator body must have a certain minimum dimension to ensure a good electromagnetic efficiency of the electric motor. The smaller the number of poles of the motor stator, the larger must be the wall thickness in the area of the motor section. Preferably, the engine section Wall thickness 0.2 to 0.8 times the inside pole pitch P. The inside pole distance is the distance of a south pole to the adjacent north pole on the inner peripheral side of the motor stator and the stator body in the region of the motor section. The wall thickness in the region of the motor section is thus generally considerably larger than would be required for the mechanical stability of the stator body. In the commutator section immediately adjacent to the motor section, however, the wall thickness may be reduced to a level which is just sufficient for the mechanical stability of the stator body in this area. In this way, the material volume of the stator body may be considerably reduced under certain circumstances. In addition to a not inconsiderable weight saving, this also reduces the material used for the production of the stator body. As permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass of the stator body rare earths are often used because of their excellent permanent magnetic properties, which are expensive. By reducing the use of materials so the material costs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, more space is created by reducing the wall thickness in the commutator, so that the electric motor tends to be made more compact.
Vorzugsweise hält der Statorkörper im Bereich seines Kommutatorabschnitts eine Polbrücke, die ihrerseits den Kommutator bzw. den nicht-rotierenden Teil des Kommutators trägt. Der nichtrotierende Teil des Kommutators wird in der Regel durch die sogenannten Kommutatorbürsten gebildet, die auf einem rotorseitigen Kommutator- Lamellenkranz laufen. Die im Wesentlichen in einer Querebene stehende Polbrücke bildet also bevorzugt den Träger für die Kommutatorbürsten. Unter einer Querebene wird vorliegend grundsätzlich eine Ebene verstanden, die senkrecht zu der Drehachse des Rotors steht. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung weist der Statorkörper radial innen einen in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Absatz auf, der den Motorabschnitt von dem Kommutatorabschnitt trennt. Die radiale Absatztiefe entspricht dabei ungefähr der Differenz aus der Statorkörper- Wandstärke des Motorabschnitts und der Statorkörper-Wandstärke des Kommutatorabschnitts. Die ringscheibenförmige Absatz-Fläche liegt bevorzugt exakt in einer Querebene. Durch den innenseitigen Absatz wird in dem Kommutatorabschnitt der freie Querschnitt Innerhalb des Statorkörpers vergrößert, so dass entsprechend mehr Platz für die Polbrücke und den Kommutator vorhanden ist. In the region of its commutator section, the stator body preferably holds a pole bridge, which in turn carries the commutator or the non-rotating part of the commutator. The non-rotating part of the commutator is usually formed by the so-called commutator brushes, which run on a rotor-side commutator lamella. The pole bridge essentially standing in a transverse plane thus preferably forms the support for the commutator brushes. In the present case, a transverse plane is basically understood to mean a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor. According to a preferred embodiment, the stator body radially on the inside has a circumferentially extending step which separates the motor section from the commutator section. The radial shoulder depth corresponds approximately to the difference between the stator body wall thickness of the motor section and the stator body wall thickness of the commutator section. The annular disk-shaped shoulder surface is preferably located exactly in a transverse plane. Due to the inside heel, the free cross-section within the stator body is increased in the commutator section, so that correspondingly more space is available for the pole bridge and the commutator.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung bildet der Statorkörper das Gehäuse des Elektromotors, bzw. einen Teil des Gehäuses des Elektromotors. Das Elektromotor-Gehäuse, das den Motorrotor umgibt, und der Motorstator mit den Magnetpolen werden von einem einzigen einstückigen und homogenen Statorkörper gebildet. Der Statorkörper hat also eine Doppelfunktion, denn er bildet sowohl das den Motorrotor umgebende Gehäuse als auch den permanentmagnetischen Motorstator einschließlich mehrerer Magnetpole. Hierdurch wird der Aufbau des Elektromotors insbesondere im Bereich des Motorstators und des Motorrotors erheblich vereinfacht. Ein separates Motorgehäuse ist in diesem Bereich nicht vorgesehen bzw. nicht vorhanden. According to a preferred embodiment, the stator body forms the housing of the electric motor, or a part of the housing of the electric motor. The electric motor housing surrounding the motor rotor and the motor stator with the magnetic poles are formed by a single integral stator body. The stator body thus has a dual function, since it forms both the housing surrounding the motor rotor and the permanent magnet motor stator including a plurality of magnetic poles. As a result, the construction of the electric motor is considerably simplified, in particular in the area of the motor stator and the motor rotor. A separate motor housing is not provided or not available in this area.
Vorzugsweise beträgt die M otora bsch n itt- Wa ndst rke des Statorkörpers mindestens das 1,5-fache der Kommutatorabschnitt-Wandstärke, und beträgt besonders bevorzugt mindestens das 1,9-fache der Kommutatorabschnitt-Wandstärke. Damit ist im Bereich des Kommutatorabschnitts eine erhebliche Verringerung des Materialverbrauchs und des Gewichts verbunden, ohne dass die Stabilität des Statorkörpers bzw. des Gehäuses im Bereich des Kommutatorabschnitts hierdurch unzulässig geschwächt wäre. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung ist der Motorstator 4-polig, 6- polig oder 8 -polig ausgebildet, und ist besonders bevorzugt 6-polig ausgebildet. Preferably, the motor shaft width of the stator body is at least 1.5 times the commutator section wall thickness, and more preferably at least 1.9 times the commutator section wall thickness. Thus, in the region of the commutator section, a considerable reduction in material consumption and weight is associated, without the stability of the stator body or of the housing in the region of the commutator section being unduly weakened as a result. According to a preferred embodiment, the motor stator is 4-pole, 6-pole or 8-pole, and is particularly preferably formed 6-pin.
Vorzugsweise ist im Bereich des Kommutatorabschnitts auf der Rotorwelle eine Zahnscheibe mit Zahnsegmenten befestigt, und ist statorseitig ein den Zahnsegmenten zugeordneter Magnetfeldsensor vorgesehen. Unter „statorseitig" ist vorliegend eine statische Fixierung zu verstehen, keine mit dem Rotor rotierende Fixierung. Durch die funktionale und räumliche Zuordnung des Magnetfeldsensors zu den Zahnsegmenten streichen diese derart an dem Magnetfeldsensor vorbei, dass das von dem dauermagnetischen Statorkörper generierte Magnetfeld durch die vorbeilaufenden Zahnscheiben-Zahnsegmente moduliert wird. Diese Modulation wird durch den feststehenden Magnetfeldsensor, der bevorzugt als sogenannter Hallsensor oder als Sensorspule ausgebildet sein kann, detektiert, so dass auf diese Weise ein einfach und preiswert konzipierter Drehsensor realisiert wird. Preferably, a toothed disc is mounted with toothed segments in the region of the commutator on the rotor shaft, and a magnetic field sensor associated with the toothed segments is provided on the stator side. The functional and spatial assignment of the magnetic field sensor to the toothed segments deletes them from the magnetic field sensor in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet stator body passes through the toothed disks passing by This modulation is detected by the fixed magnetic field sensor, which may preferably be designed as a so-called Hall sensor or as a sensor coil, so that in this way a simple and inexpensive designed rotary sensor is realized.
Der auf diese Weise realisierte Drehsensor erlaubt eine Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Motorstroms. Hierdurch wiederum wird es ermöglicht, den Anlaufstrom auf einen relativ niedrigen Wert zu begrenzen, da ein Nichtanlauf zuverlässig detektiert werden kann. Nur im Falle eines IMichtanlaufs wird der Anlaufstrom über die Begrenzung hinaus kurzzeitig erhöht, um einen Motoranlauf zu erzwingen. Da der Anlaufstrom standardmäßig relativ niedrig begrenzt werden kann, wird der Verschleiß des Kommutators durch sogenanntes Bürstenfeuer erheblich reduziert, so dass die Lebensdauer des Kommutators erheblich verlängert werden kann. The rotary sensor realized in this way allows control of the motor current. This in turn makes it possible to limit the starting current to a relatively low value, since a non-start can be reliably detected. Only in the event of a start-up will the starting current be briefly increased beyond the limit in order to force a motor startup. Since the starting current can be limited relatively low by default, the wear of the commutator is considerably reduced by so-called brush fire, so that the life of the commutator can be considerably extended.
Die Anzahl der Zahnsegmente der Zahnscheibe ist bevorzugt größer als die Anzahl der Motorstator-Magnetpole, da auf diese Weise eine genauere Auflösung bzw. Bestimmung der Rotor-Drehposition möglich wird. Allerdings ist es mit einem einzigen Magnetfeldsensor prinzipiell nicht möglich, die Drehrichtung des Motorrotors sicher zu bestimmen. Es ist daher bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass mindestens zwei statorseitige Magnetfeldsensoren vorgesehen sind. Auf diese Weise kann auch die Drehrichtung des Motorrotors sicher detektiert werden, wenn die Magnetfeldsensoren analog ausgebildet sind. Wenn die Magnetfeldsensoren digital ausgebildet sind, sind drei Magnetfeldsensoren erforderlich, um die Drehrichtung zuverlässig erkennen zu können. The number of tooth segments of the toothed disk is preferably greater than the number of motor stator magnetic poles, since in this way a more accurate resolution or determination of the rotor rotational position is possible. However, it is not possible in principle with a single magnetic field sensor to determine the direction of rotation of the motor rotor safely. It is therefore preferably provided that at least two stator-side magnetic field sensors are provided. In this way, the direction of rotation of the motor rotor can be reliably detected when the magnetic field sensors are designed analogously. If the magnetic field sensors are digitally formed, three magnetic field sensors are required to reliably detect the direction of rotation.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Motorspulen als Einzahnwicklungen ausgebildet. Eine Einzahnwicklungen weist einen, im Vergleich zur diametralen Wicklung, hohen elektromagnetischen Wirkungsgrad auf, so dass das Spulenvolumen der Rotorspulen verringert werden kann, woraus weitere positive sekundäre Effekte folgen, insbesondere eine verringerte Wärmeerzeugung der Rotorspulen und eine verbesserte Wärmeabfuhr von den Rotorspulen. According to a preferred embodiment, the motor coils are formed as Einzahnwicklungen. A single-tooth windings has a high electromagnetic efficiency compared with the diametrical winding, so that the coil volume of the rotor coils can be reduced, with further positive secondary effects, in particular reduced heat generation of the rotor coils and improved heat dissipation from the rotor coils.
Der Motorrotor weist mehrere Pol köpfe auf, die durch Trennnuten voneinander getrennt sind. Vorzugsweise sind die Trennnuten exakt axial orientiert, beschreiben also keine Schraubenlinie. Schraubenartig verlaufende Trennnuten zwischen den Motorrotor-Polköpfen werden im Stand der Technik genutzt, um das Rastmoment zu verringern bzw. einen idealeren sinusförmigen Verlauf der Magnetkräfte über den Umfang zu erreichen. Durch die Bildung des permanentmagnetischen Motorstators aus einem einzigen homogenen Statorkörper, dem in Umfangsrichtung mehrere Magnetpole aufgeprägt sind, kann auf eine schraubenförmige Ausbildung der Trennnuten zwischen den Motorrotor- Polköpfen verzichtet werden, wobei gleichzeitig ein relativ idealer sinusförmiger Verlauf der zwischen dem Motorrotor und dem Motorstator wirkenden Magnetkräfte über den Umfang realisiert werden kann. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung bildet der Statorkörper auch eine abschließende Gehäuse- Stirnwand des Gehäuses, die ein Rotorlager trägt, das als Gleitlager oder als Wälzlager ausgebildet sein kann. Die von dem Statorkörper gebildete Stirnwand bildet also ein sogenanntes Lagerschild und sorgt gleichzeitig für einen widerstandsarmen magnetischen Rückschluss zur ferromagnetischen Rotorwelle. Durch die funktionale Integration der Gehäuse-Stirnwand in den Statorkörper wird der mechanische Aufbau des Elektromotors weiter vereinfacht, so dass hierdurch auch die Montagekosten verringert werden. The motor rotor has a plurality of pole heads, which are separated by separating grooves. Preferably, the separating grooves are exactly axially oriented, so do not describe a helix. Helical separating grooves between the motor rotor pole heads are used in the prior art to reduce the cogging torque and to achieve a more ideal sinusoidal course of the magnetic forces over the circumference. The formation of the permanent magnet motor stator from a single homogeneous stator body, which are impressed in the circumferential direction a plurality of magnetic poles, can be dispensed with a helical formation of the separating grooves between the Motorrotor- Polköpfen, at the same time a relatively ideal sinusoidal course of acting between the motor rotor and the motor stator Magnetic forces can be realized over the circumference. According to a preferred embodiment, the stator also forms a final housing end wall of the housing, which carries a rotor bearing, which may be designed as a sliding bearing or as a rolling bearing. The end wall formed by the stator body thus forms a so-called end shield and at the same time ensures a low-resistance magnetic inference to the ferromagnetic rotor shaft. The functional integration of the housing end wall in the stator body of the mechanical structure of the electric motor is further simplified, thereby reducing the assembly costs are reduced.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung bestehen die Permanentmagnet- Partikel des Statorgehäusekörpers aus einem oder mehreren Ferriten. Ferrite sind preiswert und haben gute permanentmagnetische Eigenschaften. Alternativ oder ergänzend können die Permanentmagnet- Partikel auch aus Seltenen Erden bestehen, die hervorragende permanentmagnetischen Eigenschaften aufweisen. Besonders bevorzugt bestehen die Permanentmagnet-Partikel aus einem anisotropen Material, das eine magnetische Vorzugrichtung aufweist. In diesem Fall ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Permanentmagnet-Partikel bereits während des Spritzgießens des Statorgehäusekörpers durch ein äußeres Magnetfeld entsprechend radial ausgerichtet werden. According to a preferred embodiment, the permanent magnet particles of the stator housing body consist of one or more ferrites. Ferrites are inexpensive and have good permanent magnetic properties. Alternatively or additionally, the permanent magnet particles may also consist of rare earths which have excellent permanent magnetic properties. Particularly preferably, the permanent magnet particles consist of an anisotropic material which has a magnetic preferred direction. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the permanent magnet particles are already radially aligned during the injection molding of the stator housing body by an external magnetic field.
Im Folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert. In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.
Es zeigen: Show it:
Figur 1 einen Längsschnitt eines Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotors,  1 shows a longitudinal section of a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor,
Figur 2 einen ersten Querschnitt des Elektromotors der Figur 1 im Bereich des Motorrotors und des Motorstators, und  FIG. 2 shows a first cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the motor rotor and the motor stator, and FIG
Figur 3 einen zweiten Querschnitt des Elektromotors der Figur 1 im Bereich der Zahnscheibe. In den Figuren ist ein Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor 10 dargestellt; der in einem Kraftfahrzeug als Antrieb für ein Hilfsaggregat jeder Art dienen kann, beispielsweise als Steller für ein Ventil, eine Drosselklappe, eine Schließanlage etc. oder aber als kontinuierlicher Antrieb für ein Gebläse, eine Pumpe etc. Der Elektromotor 10 ist als sogenannter Gleichstrom- Elektromotor ausgebildet, der einen mechanischen Kommutator 48 aufweist. FIG. 3 shows a second cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the toothed disk. In the figures, a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor 10 is shown; which can serve as a drive for an auxiliary unit of any kind in a motor vehicle, for example, as a controller for a valve, a throttle, a locking system, etc. or as a continuous drive for a fan, a pump, etc. The electric motor 10 is a so-called DC electric motor formed, which has a mechanical commutator 48.
Der Elektromotor 10 weist einen Motorrotor 40 auf, der von einem ferromagnetischen Rotorkörper 41 mit vorliegend acht Polköpfen 44 gebildet wird, denen jeweils eine als Einzahnwicklung ausgebildete Rotorspule 45 zugeordnet ist Die Pol köpfe 44 sind außenseitig durch Trennnuten 42 voneinander getrennt, die exakt axial in Längsrichtung orientiert sind, also keine schraubenartige Komponente in ihrem Verlauf aufweisen. Die Rotorspulen 45 werden über den Kommutator 48 bestromt. Der Motorrotor 40 sitzt drehfest auf einer Rotorwelle 46, die an einem Längsende ein Abtriebsritzel 56 trägt. The electric motor 10 has a motor rotor 40 which is formed by a ferromagnetic rotor body 41 present with eight pole heads 44, each associated with a trained as Einzahnwicklung rotor coil 45 is the pole heads 44 are on the outside by separating grooves 42 separated from each other, exactly axially in the longitudinal direction are oriented, so have no helical component in their course. The rotor coils 45 are energized via the commutator 48. The motor rotor 40 is non-rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft 46, which carries a driven pinion 56 at one longitudinal end.
Der Elektromotor 10 weist ein im Wesentlichen zylindrisches Gehäuse 20 auf, das den Elektromotor 10 an einem Längsende axial und über seine gesamte axiale Länge lateral abschirmt. Das Gehäuse 20 wird im Wesentlichen von einem einstückigen und homogenen Statorkörper 32 gebildet, der einen dünnwandigen zylindrischen Kommutatorabschnitt 62, einen daran angrenzenden dickwandigen zylindrischen Motorabschnitt 60 und an einem Längsende des Elektromotors 10 eine Stirnwand 22 aufweist. Der dickwandige Motorabschnitt 60 des Statorkörpers 32 bildet einen permanentmagnetischen Motorstator 30 mit sechs Magnetpolen N,S, die gleichmäßig über den Umfang angeordnet sind, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt. The electric motor 10 has a substantially cylindrical housing 20, which laterally shields the electric motor 10 at one longitudinal end and laterally over its entire axial length. The housing 20 is essentially formed by a one-piece and homogeneous stator body 32, which has a thin-walled cylindrical commutator section 62, a thick-walled cylindrical motor section 60 adjoining thereto and an end wall 22 at one longitudinal end of the electric motor 10. The thick-walled motor portion 60 of the stator body 32 forms a permanent magnet motor stator 30 with six magnetic poles N, S, which are arranged uniformly over the circumference, as shown in Figure 2.
Die Statorkörper-Wandstärke A des Motorabschnitts 60 beträgt ungefähr das 2,0-fache der Statorkörper-Wandstärke B des angrenzenden Kommutatorabschnitts 62. Die Motorabschnitt-Wandstärke A beträgt vorliegend ungefähr das 0,5-fache bis 0,6-fache des Polabstandes P. Unter dem Polabstand P wird vorliegend der Abstand zweier benachbarter Magnetpole gemessen an dem Innenumfang des Statorkörpers 32 in dem Motorabschnitt 60 verstanden. The stator body wall thickness A of the motor portion 60 is about 2.0 times the stator body wall thickness B of the adjacent one Commutator section 62. The motor section wall thickness A in the present case is approximately 0.5 times to 0.6 times the pole pitch P. In the present case, the pole pitch P is the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles measured on the inner circumference of the stator body 32 in the motor section 60 ,
Der Statorkörper 32, der das Gehäuse 20 bildet, ist außenseitig stufenfrei zylindrisch ausgebildet. Radial innenseitig ist an dem Übergang zwischen dem Motorabschnitt 60 und dem Korn m utatora bsch n itt 62 ein in Umfangsrichtung ringförmig verlaufender Absatz 64 vorgesehen, der den Motorabschnitt 60 von dem Kommutatorabschnitt 62 trennt. Die Ringfläche des Absatzes 64 liegt ungefähr in einer Querebene. The stator body 32, which forms the housing 20, is externally cylindrically free of steps. Radially on the inside there is provided at the transition between the motor section 60 and the grain driver 63 a circumferentially annular step 64 which separates the motor section 60 from the commutator section 62. The annular surface of the shoulder 64 is approximately in a transverse plane.
Der gesamte einstückige Statorkörper 32 besteht aus einer Kunststoffmasse 35, in die Permanentmagnet-Partikel 33 homogen verteilt eingelagert sind. Die Permanentmagnet-Partikel 33 können aus einem Ferrit bestehen, bestehen besonders bevorzugt jedoch aus einem Seltenerdmetall, auch Seltene Erden genannt, das anisotrop ist. Die anisotropen Permanentmagnet-Partikel 33 werden bereits während des Spritzgießens des Statorkörpers 32 durch externe Magnetfelder in der Kunststoff masse 35 entsprechend radial ausgerichtet. Der Volumenantei! der Permanentmagnet-Partikel am Gesamtvolumen beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen 40 % und 95 %, und liegt in der Regel im Bereich von 90 %. The entire one-piece stator body 32 consists of a plastic mass 35, are embedded homogeneously distributed in the permanent magnet particles 33. The permanent magnet particles 33 may consist of a ferrite, but particularly preferably consist of a rare earth metal, also called rare earth, which is anisotropic. The anisotropic permanent magnet particles 33 are already aligned during the injection molding of the stator 32 by external magnetic fields in the plastic mass 35 corresponding radially. The volume share! the permanent magnet particle in the total volume is preferably between 40% and 95%, and is usually in the range of 90%.
Die von dem Statorgehäusekörper 32 gebildete endseitige Stirnwand 22 des Gehäuses 20 trägt in einer Lageröffnung 52 ein Rotorlager 54, das vorliegend als Wälzlager ausgebildet ist, und die Rotorwelle 46 drehbar an dem Motorgehäuse 20 lagert. The end-side end wall 22 of the housing 20 formed by the stator housing body 32 carries in a bearing opening 52 a rotor bearing 54, which in the present case is designed as a roller bearing, and rotatably supports the rotor shaft 46 on the motor housing 20.
In dem Kommutatorabschnitt 62 ist auf der Rotorwelle 46 drehfest eine Zahnscheibe 70 fixiert, die beispielsweise zwölf Zahnsegmente 74 aufweist, die auf einer Zylinderfläche am radial äußeren Rand der Zahnscheibe 70 angeordnet sind. Wie in der Figur 3 zu erkennen ist, weist der Statorkörper 32 im Kommutatorabschnitt 62 insgesamt 20 Pole auf, so dass die Anzahl der Statorkörper-Magnetpole im Kommutatorabschnitt 62 größer ist als in dem Motorabschnitt 60. In the commutator section 62, a toothed disk 70 is rotationally fixed on the rotor shaft 46, which has, for example, twelve toothed segments 74, which on a cylindrical surface on the radially outer edge of Pulley 70 are arranged. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the stator body 32 in the commutator section 62 has a total of 20 poles, so that the number of stator body magnetic poles in the commutator section 62 is greater than in the motor section 60.
An dem freien Längsende des Kommutatorabschnitts 62 hält der Statorkörper 32 eine deckelartig ausgebildete Polbrücke 80, die den Kommutator 48 hält, bzw. konkret die zwei Kommutatorbürsten 82 hält, die den elektrischen Kontakt zu einem wellenseitigen Kommutator- Lamellenkranz 81 herstellen. At the free longitudinal end of the commutator section 62, the stator body 32 holds a lid-like pole bridge 80, which holds the commutator 48, or concretely holds the two Kommutatorbürsten 82, which make electrical contact with a shaft-side commutator lamellae ring 81.
Die deckelartig ausgebildete Polbrücke 80 hält ferner einen Magnetfeldsensor 84, der radial innenseitig der Zahnsegmente 74 und in ungefähr einer Querebene mit den Zahnsegmenten 74 statorseitig, also feststehend angeordnet ist. Der Magnetfeldsensor 84 kann als Hallsensor oder als Sensorspule ausgebildet sein. The cover-like pole bridge 80 also holds a magnetic field sensor 84, which is arranged on the radially inner side of the toothed segments 74 and in approximately a transverse plane with the toothed segments 74 on the stator side, ie fixed. The magnetic field sensor 84 may be formed as a Hall sensor or as a sensor coil.

Claims

A N S P R Ü C H E
1. Kfz- Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor (10) mit 1. motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) with
einem Motorrotor (40) mit mehreren Rotorspulen (45),  a motor rotor (40) with a plurality of rotor coils (45),
einem mechanischen Kommutator (48) zur Bestromung der a mechanical commutator (48) for energizing the
Rotorspulen (45), Rotor coils (45),
einem permanentmagnetischen Motorstator (30) im Bereich des die Rotorspulen (45) aufweisenden Motorrotors (40) und mit mehreren Magnetpolen (N,S), und  a permanent magnetic motor stator (30) in the region of the motor rotor (40) having the rotor coils (45) and with a plurality of magnetic poles (N, S), and
einem einstückigen Statorkörper (32), der aus Permanentmagnet- Partikeln (33) in einer festen Kunststoff masse (35) besteht, wobei der Statorkörper (32) einen Motorabschnitt (60), der den Motorstator (30) bildet, und einen axial angrenzenden Kommutatorabschnitt (62) aufweist, und  a one-piece stator body (32) consisting of permanent magnet particles (33) in a solid plastic mass (35), the stator body (32) having a motor portion (60) which forms the motor stator (30) and an axially adjacent Kommutatorabschnitt (62), and
wobei die Statorkörper- Wandstärke (A) des Motorabschnittes (60) größer ist als die Statorkörper- Wandstärke (B) des wherein the stator body wall thickness (A) of the motor portion (60) is greater than the stator body wall thickness (B) of the
Kommutatorabschnitts (62). Commutator section (62).
2, Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Kommutatorabschnitt (62) des Statorkörpers (32) eine Polbrücke (80) mit dem Kommutator (48) hält. 2, motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to claim 1, wherein the commutator section (62) of the stator body (32) holds a pole bridge (80) with the commutator (48).
3. Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei der Statorkörper (32) radial innen einen in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Absatz (64) aufweist, der den Motorabschnitt (60) von dem Kommutatorabschnitt (62) trennt. fz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei der Statorkörper (32) das Gehäuse (20) des Elektromotors (10) bildet. A motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator body (32) has radially inwardly a circumferentially extending shoulder (64) separating the motor section (60) from the commutator section (62). Fz-auxiliary-unit electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator body (32) forms the housing (20) of the electric motor (10).
Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Eiektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die Motorabschnitt-Wandstärke (A) des Statorkörpers (32) mindestens das 1,5-fache der Kommutatorabschnitt- Wandstärke (B) beträgt, besonders bevorzugt mindestens das 1,9-fache. Motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the motor portion wall thickness (A) of the stator body (32) is at least 1.5 times the Kommutatorabschnitt- wall thickness (B), more preferably at least 1.9 -fold.
Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die M oto ra bsch n itt- Wa n d stä rke (A) das 0,2- bis 0,8-fache des innenseitigen Polabstandes (P) beträgt, besonders bevorzugt das ungefähr 0,5-fache. Auxiliary motor vehicle electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the M oto rbsch nitt-A nd strength (A) is 0.2 to 0.8 times the inside pole distance (P), especially preferably about 0.5 times.
Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei der Motorstator (30) 4-polig, 6- polig oder 8-polig ausgebildet ist, besonders bevorzugt 6-polig. Motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the motor stator (30) is 4-pin, 6-pin or 8-pin, more preferably 6-pin.
Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei auf der Rotorwelle (46) im Bereich des Kommutatorabschnitts (62) eine Zahnscheibe (70) mit Zahnsegmenten (74) befestigt ist und statorseitig ein den Zahnscheiben-Zahnsegmenten (74) räumlich zugeordneter Magnetfeldsensor (84) vorgesehen ist. Motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the rotor shaft (46) in the region of the commutator (62) a toothed disc (70) with toothed segments (74) is fixed and the stator side a toothed disc tooth segments (74) spatially associated magnetic field sensor (84) is provided.
Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach Anspruch 8, wobei mindestens zwei statorseitige Magnetfeldsensoren (84) vorgesehen sind. A motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to claim 8, wherein at least two stator magnetic field sensors (84) are provided.
10. Kfz-Hilfsaggregat-Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei die Motorspulen (45) als Einzahnwicklungen ausgebildet sind. 10. motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the motor coils (45) are formed as Einzahnwicklungen.
11. Kfz- Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei der Motorrotor (40) mehrere radial außenseitige Pol köpfe (44) aufweist, die durch Trennnuten (42) voneinander getrennt sind, wobei die Trenn nuten (42) exakt axial orientiert sind. 11 motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the motor rotor (40) has a plurality of radially outboard pole heads (44) which are separated by separating grooves (42), wherein the separating grooves (42) exactly are axially oriented.
12. Kfz- Hilfsaggregat- Elektromotor (10) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, mit einem Rotorlager (54) an einem Längsende des Motorrotors (40), wobei der Statorkörper (32) eine Stirnwand (22) des Gehäuses (20) bildet, die das Rotorlager (54) trägt. 12. Motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor (10) according to one of the preceding claims, with a rotor bearing (54) at one longitudinal end of the motor rotor (40), wherein the stator body (32) an end wall (22) of the housing (20) which forms the rotor bearing (54) carries.
EP14730861.3A 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 Motor vehicle auxiliary power unit electric motor Withdrawn EP3155708A1 (en)

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DE102017101738A1 (en) 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg driving device

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DE1939220A1 (en) * 1969-08-01 1971-02-11 Siemens Ag Small engine
JPH08196063A (en) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-30 Nakagawa Seimitsu Kogyo Kk Production of field magnet for dc motor
CZ301606B6 (en) * 2004-10-25 2010-04-28 Iqi S.R.O. Method of controlling an electric motor with oscillating output shaft, particularly for automobile wiper systems, and the arrangement of that electric motor
AU2010295220B2 (en) * 2009-09-21 2012-07-19 Soderberg, Rod F. Mr A matrix material comprising magnetic particles for use in hybrid and electric vehicles

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