EP3155708A1 - Moteur électrique auxiliaire de véhicule automobile - Google Patents

Moteur électrique auxiliaire de véhicule automobile

Info

Publication number
EP3155708A1
EP3155708A1 EP14730861.3A EP14730861A EP3155708A1 EP 3155708 A1 EP3155708 A1 EP 3155708A1 EP 14730861 A EP14730861 A EP 14730861A EP 3155708 A1 EP3155708 A1 EP 3155708A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
electric motor
stator
rotor
stator body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14730861.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Vladimir Popov
Mathias Zill
Frank Schwabbauer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH filed Critical Pierburg Pump Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3155708A1 publication Critical patent/EP3155708A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/02—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting
    • H02K23/04—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by arrangement for exciting having permanent magnet excitation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
    • H02K23/26—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings
    • H02K23/30—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors characterised by the armature windings having lap or loop windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/02—Casings or enclosures characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/16—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields
    • H02K5/173—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings
    • H02K5/1732—Means for supporting bearings, e.g. insulating supports or means for fitting bearings in the bearing-shields using bearings with rolling contact, e.g. ball bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at both ends of the rotor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanically commutated motor vehicle
  • Auxiliary electric motor for driving an auxiliary unit in a motor vehicle (motor vehicle).
  • auxiliary units are driven by an electric motor, which can serve both as an actuator, for example, for locking systems, as well as a continuous drive, for example, for fans and pumps.
  • An undemanding, reliable and inexpensive electric motor is the so-called DC electric motor, which is mechanically commutated.
  • the motor rotor on a commutator, via which the energization of the rotor coils.
  • the motor stator has a plurality of stator poles, which are ferromagnetic or permanent magnetic. Furthermore, the motor stator is associated with a ferromagnetic conclusion, by which a low-resistance magnetic circuit is defined.
  • the motor stator is formed of a permanent magnetically polarized stator body, which also forms the housing of the electric motor.
  • the motor coils of the motor rotor are wound diametrically.
  • Object of the invention is to create a cheap and easy mechanically commutated automotive auxiliary power generator electric motor against this background.
  • the motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor has a motor rotor with a plurality of rotor coils and a mechanical commutator for energizing the rotor coils.
  • the rotor coils are seated on a multi-pole, star-shaped and ferromagnetic rotor body, which is fixed on a ferromagnetic rotor shaft.
  • the rotor shaft is rotatably supported by shaft bearings on a housing of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor In the region of the motor rotor having the motor coils, the electric motor has a permanent magnet motor stator which forms a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction.
  • stator body which is formed by a plastic material with permanent magnet particles.
  • the permanent magnet particles are preferably spatially substantially homogeneously distributed in the stator body or the plastic mass.
  • the stator body can be produced by injection molding, the permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass preferably being permanently magnetized during the injection molding and / or locally aligned radially accordingly.
  • the stator body has a motor section and a commutator section adjacent thereto axially.
  • the motor section of the stator body forms the motor stator.
  • the commutator section axially adjoins the motor section and surrounds the commutator.
  • the stator body is preferably formed as a hollow cylinder.
  • the wall thickness A of the stator body is greater in the motor section than the wall thickness B of the stator body in Kommutatorabites.
  • the wall thickness of the stator body must have a certain minimum dimension to ensure a good electromagnetic efficiency of the electric motor.
  • the engine section Wall thickness 0.2 to 0.8 times the inside pole pitch P.
  • the inside pole distance is the distance of a south pole to the adjacent north pole on the inner peripheral side of the motor stator and the stator body in the region of the motor section.
  • the wall thickness in the region of the motor section is thus generally considerably larger than would be required for the mechanical stability of the stator body.
  • the wall thickness may be reduced to a level which is just sufficient for the mechanical stability of the stator body in this area.
  • the material volume of the stator body may be considerably reduced under certain circumstances.
  • this also reduces the material used for the production of the stator body.
  • permanent magnet particles in the plastic mass of the stator body rare earths are often used because of their excellent permanent magnetic properties, which are expensive. By reducing the use of materials so the material costs are significantly reduced. Furthermore, more space is created by reducing the wall thickness in the commutator, so that the electric motor tends to be made more compact.
  • the stator body In the region of its commutator section, the stator body preferably holds a pole bridge, which in turn carries the commutator or the non-rotating part of the commutator.
  • the non-rotating part of the commutator is usually formed by the so-called commutator brushes, which run on a rotor-side commutator lamella.
  • the pole bridge essentially standing in a transverse plane thus preferably forms the support for the commutator brushes.
  • a transverse plane is basically understood to mean a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • the stator body radially on the inside has a circumferentially extending step which separates the motor section from the commutator section.
  • the radial shoulder depth corresponds approximately to the difference between the stator body wall thickness of the motor section and the stator body wall thickness of the commutator section.
  • the annular disk-shaped shoulder surface is preferably located exactly in a transverse plane. Due to the inside heel, the free cross-section within the stator body is increased in the commutator section, so that correspondingly more space is available for the pole bridge and the commutator.
  • the stator body forms the housing of the electric motor, or a part of the housing of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor housing surrounding the motor rotor and the motor stator with the magnetic poles are formed by a single integral stator body.
  • the stator body thus has a dual function, since it forms both the housing surrounding the motor rotor and the permanent magnet motor stator including a plurality of magnetic poles.
  • the construction of the electric motor is considerably simplified, in particular in the area of the motor stator and the motor rotor. A separate motor housing is not provided or not available in this area.
  • the motor shaft width of the stator body is at least 1.5 times the commutator section wall thickness, and more preferably at least 1.9 times the commutator section wall thickness.
  • the motor stator is 4-pole, 6-pole or 8-pole, and is particularly preferably formed 6-pin.
  • a toothed disc is mounted with toothed segments in the region of the commutator on the rotor shaft, and a magnetic field sensor associated with the toothed segments is provided on the stator side.
  • the functional and spatial assignment of the magnetic field sensor to the toothed segments deletes them from the magnetic field sensor in such a way that the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet stator body passes through the toothed disks passing by This modulation is detected by the fixed magnetic field sensor, which may preferably be designed as a so-called Hall sensor or as a sensor coil, so that in this way a simple and inexpensive designed rotary sensor is realized.
  • the rotary sensor realized in this way allows control of the motor current. This in turn makes it possible to limit the starting current to a relatively low value, since a non-start can be reliably detected. Only in the event of a start-up will the starting current be briefly increased beyond the limit in order to force a motor startup. Since the starting current can be limited relatively low by default, the wear of the commutator is considerably reduced by so-called brush fire, so that the life of the commutator can be considerably extended.
  • the number of tooth segments of the toothed disk is preferably greater than the number of motor stator magnetic poles, since in this way a more accurate resolution or determination of the rotor rotational position is possible.
  • the motor coils are formed as Einstattwicklept.
  • a single-tooth windings has a high electromagnetic efficiency compared with the diametrical winding, so that the coil volume of the rotor coils can be reduced, with further positive secondary effects, in particular reduced heat generation of the rotor coils and improved heat dissipation from the rotor coils.
  • the motor rotor has a plurality of pole heads, which are separated by separating grooves.
  • the separating grooves are exactly axially oriented, so do not describe a helix.
  • Helical separating grooves between the motor rotor pole heads are used in the prior art to reduce the cogging torque and to achieve a more ideal sinusoidal course of the magnetic forces over the circumference.
  • the formation of the permanent magnet motor stator from a single homogeneous stator body, which are impressed in the circumferential direction a plurality of magnetic poles, can be dispensed with a helical formation of the separating grooves between the Motorrotor- Polkéen, at the same time a relatively ideal sinusoidal course of acting between the motor rotor and the motor stator Magnetic forces can be realized over the circumference.
  • the stator also forms a final housing end wall of the housing, which carries a rotor bearing, which may be designed as a sliding bearing or as a rolling bearing.
  • the end wall formed by the stator body thus forms a so-called end shield and at the same time ensures a low-resistance magnetic inference to the ferromagnetic rotor shaft.
  • the functional integration of the housing end wall in the stator body of the mechanical structure of the electric motor is further simplified, thereby reducing the assembly costs are reduced.
  • the permanent magnet particles of the stator housing body consist of one or more ferrites. Ferrites are inexpensive and have good permanent magnetic properties. Alternatively or additionally, the permanent magnet particles may also consist of rare earths which have excellent permanent magnetic properties. Particularly preferably, the permanent magnet particles consist of an anisotropic material which has a magnetic preferred direction. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if the permanent magnet particles are already radially aligned during the injection molding of the stator housing body by an external magnetic field.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor
  • FIG. 2 shows a first cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the motor rotor and the motor stator
  • FIG. 3 shows a second cross section of the electric motor of FIG. 1 in the region of the toothed disk.
  • a motor vehicle auxiliary electric motor 10 is shown; which can serve as a drive for an auxiliary unit of any kind in a motor vehicle, for example, as a controller for a valve, a throttle, a locking system, etc. or as a continuous drive for a fan, a pump, etc.
  • the electric motor 10 is a so-called DC electric motor formed, which has a mechanical commutator 48.
  • the electric motor 10 has a motor rotor 40 which is formed by a ferromagnetic rotor body 41 present with eight pole heads 44, each associated with a trained as Einstattwicklung rotor coil 45 is the pole heads 44 are on the outside by separating grooves 42 separated from each other, exactly axially in the longitudinal direction are oriented, so have no helical component in their course.
  • the rotor coils 45 are energized via the commutator 48.
  • the motor rotor 40 is non-rotatably mounted on a rotor shaft 46, which carries a driven pinion 56 at one longitudinal end.
  • the electric motor 10 has a substantially cylindrical housing 20, which laterally shields the electric motor 10 at one longitudinal end and laterally over its entire axial length.
  • the housing 20 is essentially formed by a one-piece and homogeneous stator body 32, which has a thin-walled cylindrical commutator section 62, a thick-walled cylindrical motor section 60 adjoining thereto and an end wall 22 at one longitudinal end of the electric motor 10.
  • the thick-walled motor portion 60 of the stator body 32 forms a permanent magnet motor stator 30 with six magnetic poles N, S, which are arranged uniformly over the circumference, as shown in Figure 2.
  • the stator body wall thickness A of the motor portion 60 is about 2.0 times the stator body wall thickness B of the adjacent one Commutator section 62.
  • the motor section wall thickness A in the present case is approximately 0.5 times to 0.6 times the pole pitch P.
  • the pole pitch P is the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles measured on the inner circumference of the stator body 32 in the motor section 60 ,
  • the stator body 32 which forms the housing 20, is externally cylindrically free of steps. Radially on the inside there is provided at the transition between the motor section 60 and the grain driver 63 a circumferentially annular step 64 which separates the motor section 60 from the commutator section 62. The annular surface of the shoulder 64 is approximately in a transverse plane.
  • the entire one-piece stator body 32 consists of a plastic mass 35, are embedded homogeneously distributed in the permanent magnet particles 33.
  • the permanent magnet particles 33 may consist of a ferrite, but particularly preferably consist of a rare earth metal, also called rare earth, which is anisotropic.
  • the anisotropic permanent magnet particles 33 are already aligned during the injection molding of the stator 32 by external magnetic fields in the plastic mass 35 corresponding radially.
  • the volume share! the permanent magnet particle in the total volume is preferably between 40% and 95%, and is usually in the range of 90%.
  • the end-side end wall 22 of the housing 20 formed by the stator housing body 32 carries in a bearing opening 52 a rotor bearing 54, which in the present case is designed as a roller bearing, and rotatably supports the rotor shaft 46 on the motor housing 20.
  • a toothed disk 70 is rotationally fixed on the rotor shaft 46, which has, for example, twelve toothed segments 74, which on a cylindrical surface on the radially outer edge of Pulley 70 are arranged.
  • the stator body 32 in the commutator section 62 has a total of 20 poles, so that the number of stator body magnetic poles in the commutator section 62 is greater than in the motor section 60.
  • the stator body 32 holds a lid-like pole bridge 80, which holds the commutator 48, or concretely holds the two Kommutatorbürsten 82, which make electrical contact with a shaft-side commutator lamellae ring 81.
  • the cover-like pole bridge 80 also holds a magnetic field sensor 84, which is arranged on the radially inner side of the toothed segments 74 and in approximately a transverse plane with the toothed segments 74 on the stator side, ie fixed.
  • the magnetic field sensor 84 may be formed as a Hall sensor or as a sensor coil.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur électrique auxiliaire (10) de véhicule automobile comprenant un rotor (40) pourvu d'une pluralité de bobines (45), un commutateur mécanique (48) servant à alimenter en courant les bobines (45), et un stator (30) à aimants permanents pourvu d'une pluralité de pôles magnétiques. Le stator (30) est constitué d'un corps de stator (32) homogène d'une seule pièce qui se compose de particules d'aimant permanent incorporées dans une matière plastique, le corps de stator (32) comportant dans la région du rotor (40) pourvu des bobines (45) une partie moteur (60) et une partie de retenue (62) axialement adjacente. L'épaisseur de paroi (A) du corps de stator de la partie moteur (60) est supérieure à l'épaisseur de paroi (B) du corps de stator de la partie de retenue (62).
EP14730861.3A 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 Moteur électrique auxiliaire de véhicule automobile Withdrawn EP3155708A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2014/062375 WO2015188873A1 (fr) 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 Moteur électrique auxiliaire de véhicule automobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3155708A1 true EP3155708A1 (fr) 2017-04-19

Family

ID=50972689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14730861.3A Withdrawn EP3155708A1 (fr) 2014-06-13 2014-06-13 Moteur électrique auxiliaire de véhicule automobile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3155708A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015188873A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017101738A1 (de) 2017-01-30 2018-08-02 Ebm-Papst St. Georgen Gmbh & Co. Kg Antriebsvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1939220A1 (de) * 1969-08-01 1971-02-11 Siemens Ag Kleinmotor
JPH08196063A (ja) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-30 Nakagawa Seimitsu Kogyo Kk Ｄｃモータ用界磁磁石の製造方法
CZ301606B6 (cs) * 2004-10-25 2010-04-28 Iqi S.R.O. Zpusob ovládání stírátek u automobilových steracových systému prostrednictvím rízení elektrického motoru s kývavým pohybem jeho výstupní hrídele a úprava tohoto elektrického motoru
US20120091832A1 (en) * 2009-09-21 2012-04-19 Soderberg Rod F Matrix material comprising magnetic particles for use in hybrid and electric vehicles

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2015188873A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015188873A1 (fr) 2015-12-17

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