EP3141448A1 - Weiche, die eine zunge und eine backenschiene umfasst - Google Patents

Weiche, die eine zunge und eine backenschiene umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3141448A1
EP3141448A1 EP16187591.9A EP16187591A EP3141448A1 EP 3141448 A1 EP3141448 A1 EP 3141448A1 EP 16187591 A EP16187591 A EP 16187591A EP 3141448 A1 EP3141448 A1 EP 3141448A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
needle
counter
rail
shoe
equal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16187591.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3141448B1 (de
Inventor
Francesco Barresi
Christophe KOEBEL
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vossloh COGIFER SA
Original Assignee
Vossloh COGIFER SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vossloh COGIFER SA filed Critical Vossloh COGIFER SA
Priority to PL16187591T priority Critical patent/PL3141448T3/pl
Publication of EP3141448A1 publication Critical patent/EP3141448A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3141448B1 publication Critical patent/EP3141448B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/02—Mechanical devices for operating points or scotch-blocks, e.g. local manual control
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
    • E01B7/02—Tongues; Associated constructions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the railway field, and more specifically the special rails used in switches such as switches. It concerns in particular, but not exclusively, the rails and switches used on the rail networks of the former Soviet Union and Mongolia, in particular needles, needle rails and counter-needles.
  • needle rail applies to the forged raw rail, from which will be obtained, in particular by machining parts of the needle rail, the needle of the switchgear.
  • This needle is generally associated with a "counter-needle” which is a current configuration track rail whose mushroom is machined at least in the area to be in contact with the needle during the use of the switch.
  • the needle guides the railway vehicle, either in alignment or deviation from its nominal route. This is achieved by the possibility of moving the needle on its sliding table between two positions: respectively one in which the needle is applied against the adjacent counter-needle, and the other in which the needle is removed from the against needle.
  • proximal end or "proximal portion” of the needle and the counter-needle
  • proximal portion we will speak of the end of the needle / counter-needle that is connected to the current pathway or the portion of the needle / counter-needle that includes this proximal end.
  • the "distal" end of the needle or counter-needle will designate the end at which the contact between needle and counter-needle can be effected, because of the mobility of the needle.
  • distal portion of the needle / counter-needle will be the portion including this distal end.
  • an inclination of 1/20 means that the tangent of the angle formed by the straight line perpendicular to the running surface and the vertical axis of the rail is 1/20, ie 0, 05.
  • the running surface of the current needle should be machined in the needle rail so that the running surface is inclined by 1/20.
  • This value of 1/20 is imposed by the Russian standard for high-speed track devices, while for the rest of the network, the inclination is generally zero in the switchgear.
  • the inclination of the running surface is generally obtained by placing the counter-needle on a surface having this inclination relative to the horizontal support, so that a machining of the upper surface of the counterfoil Needle is not needed to get it.
  • the needles 60D20 have such a slope of 1/20, while the needles Zu1-60 have a zero inclination. These needles are not compatible with the rail profiles used in Russia.
  • the main needle rail profile used in Russia is the OR65 non-tilted head profile, originally designed for switchgear with a counter-needle rail placed vertically to the crosshead surface. If one wants to make needles of compatible track devices with an inclined counter-needle, it is necessary to machine the head of the needle rail in order to obtain a rolling surface also inclined by 1/20. One might think of using a profile rail OR65 which would then be machined adequately. But it turns out that the moment of inertia of the needle thus produced would be insufficient to allow its use on a line at very high speed. Premature wear and damage would be achieved.
  • the needle rail has a lower height than the counter needle.
  • the needle profile is first forged by conferring on it the head of a running rail, but with a shoe 130 mm wide and offset from the rail. the axis of the web of the needle rail, then welded to a running rail track on which the pad was machined from 150 to 130 mm over a length of about 400 mm.
  • the shoe of the needle rail In order for the needle to press against the counter-needle, the shoe of the needle rail must be machined. Obtaining the inclined rolling surface of 1/20 on an OR65 rail is entirely achieved by machining. But even when doing so, only a commercial speed of 200 km / h is possible, high speeds of 250 km / h and more are not accessible.
  • the object of the invention is to be able to provide track devices usable on the Russian-standard rail network properties compatible with their use on very high speed tracks (over 250 km / h), and under satisfactory economic conditions .
  • the solutions selected could be easily adaptable to the very high speed networks of other countries.
  • the subject of the invention is a track apparatus comprising a counter-needle and a needle made from a needle rail, each comprising a mushroom, a core and a skate constituted by wings extending on either side of the lower end of the core, the pad of the needle resting on a horizontal sliding table, said counter-needle and said needle each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the latter being located on the side of the slipper of the needle which is connected to a rail of the current track, the fungi of the counter-needle and the needle each having an inclined running surface of at least 1/60, preferably 1 / 20, relative to the horizontal and a wear profile identical to that of the current track, characterized in that the mushroom is tapered by machining the needle rail and the shoe is formed by rolling alone, without machining, in that the proximal portion of the needle is formed by forging or forging and machining, in that the vertical inertia of the needle rail is greater than or equal to 60% of the vertical in
  • the mushroom of the needle rail from which the needle is made may have an asymmetric profile.
  • the side of the mushroom of the needle facing the counter-needle may have an inclined contact face which, when the needle is pressed against the needle against, cooperates with a corresponding inclined contact face formed on the counter-needle.
  • the inclination of the running surface of the counter-needle can be obtained, at least partially, by an inclination of the upper surface of a support placed horizontally, and on which the counter-needle is placed.
  • the horizontal distance between the end of the needle pad facing the counter-needle and the straight face of the needle core facing the counter-needle can be defined so that in the machined distal distal part of the needle, at the junction between the core and the mushroom, the needle has a minimum thickness greater than or equal to 70% of the thickness of the web core of the current track and of thickness of the soul of the counter-needle.
  • the total width of the slider of the needle rail, and therefore of the needle, may be equal to that of the slider of the counter-needle within ⁇ 10 mm.
  • the difference on each wing between the widths of the corresponding wings of the pads of the needle rail, and therefore of the needle before forging of the needle may be less than or equal to 50 mm, preferably less than or equal to 40 mm, more preferably less than or equal to 25 mm.
  • the web of the counter-needle is preferably included, without overflow, in the web of the rail. needle.
  • the lateral inertia of the needle at its tapered distal end where its thickness is minimal is preferably less than 25%, more preferably at most 17%, at the lateral inertia of the needle at its proximal end. connected to the current track.
  • the invention is based firstly on obtaining high vertical and lateral moments of inertia over the entire length of the needle, with a vertical moment of inertia Ix of needle rail from which the needle is obtained equal to at least 60% of that of the current track (which is the norm in Europe) and a moment of maximum lateral inertia Iy which is equal to at least 1 counter-needle and the current track rail.
  • a vertical moment of inertia Ix of needle rail from which the needle is obtained equal to at least 60% of that of the current track (which is the norm in Europe) and a moment of maximum lateral inertia Iy which is equal to at least 1 counter-needle and the current track rail.
  • current track, and Iy is equal to at least 1 times that of the counter-needle and the track of current track in the case of a set to European standards.
  • the counter-needle being preferably placed on a support on the surface upper inclined relative to the horizontal to obtain in a simple way, especially without machining of the upper part of the mushroom, the inclination possibly required of its running surface.
  • these characteristics are obtained by playing on various dimensions of the needle rail which are found on the needle, some of which are defined relatively to the dimensions of the counter-needle associated therewith.
  • the forging of the proximal end of the needle rail preferably has the effect of bringing the height of the needle to the value of that of the current rail.
  • the apparatus of the invention has a counter-needle 1 whose profile is at its proximal end (see FIG. figure 1 ), identical to that of a track running on the track (common rail) to which the switchgear is intended to be integrated.
  • the counter-needle 1 therefore comprises a mushroom 2, a core 3 and a shoe 4. It is symmetrical about an axis XX 'which would be vertical if the shoe 4 was simply placed directly on a horizontal support 5.
  • the counter-needle 1 is of the type corresponding to the Russian rail R65.
  • the counter-needle 1 rests on a support 6 placed on said horizontal support 5, and whose upper surface 7 has an inclination relative to the horizontal support 5 (therefore an inclination relative to the horizontal) oriented towards the interior space of the switchgear.
  • the pad 4 rests on this inclined surface 7, and the inclination is transmitted to the upper surface 8 of the mushroom 2 of the counter-needle.
  • This inclination is, in the example shown, 1/20 to be adapted to the use of the switchgear on a high-speed rail according to, for example, the Russian standards. In general, this inclination is at least 1/60 and depends on the standards applicable to the rail network to which the switchgear is intended. Inclinations of 1/40 or 1/30 can also be encountered.
  • the needle rail profile according to the invention allows the manufacture and integration of the needle in a track apparatus whose counter-needle can be inclined or not, and that without the side of the shoe turned towards the against Needle is machined, which has a very significant economic advantage.
  • the needle may or may not be of the recessed type.
  • the wear profile of the mushroom of the needle rail, and therefore of the needle 9, must be identical to the wear profile of the counter needle 1, and therefore to that of the current track.
  • the "wear profile” is the part of the side face of the mushrooms 2, 10 against the needle 1 and the needle 9 which is intended to be in contact with the wheels of the railway vehicle.
  • the dimension T represents, on the counter-needle 1, the horizontal distance between the axis XX 'of the counter-needle 1 and the lateral edge 26 of the mushroom 2 of the counter-needle 1 turned towards the needle 9, in other words, if the mushroom 10 is symmetrical, T represents the half-thickness of the mushroom 2 side bearing.
  • the axis YY 'of the needle rail is defined as the vertical axis so that T is equal for the counter-needle 1 and the roll-side needle rail, thus also for the needle 9 in its proximal portion. This makes it possible to ensure an identity of the running surface during the passage of a wheel of the vehicle traveling from the surface of counter-needle 1 to needle 9 is rotated.
  • the vertical axis XX 'of the needle rail and the vertical axis YY' of the needle rail and needle 9 are defined (see FIG.
  • the vertical axis YY ' is not It is intended to be an axis of symmetry for the needle rail and the needle 9.
  • the needle rail mushroom may be asymmetrical, as in the example shown, and the associated tread surface may be symmetrical or asymmetrical.
  • the vertical axis X-X ' in the example shown and in the most general case, is itself an axis of symmetry for the counter-needle 1.
  • the total width of the shoe 12 of the needle rail, and therefore of the needle 9, may be identical, within ⁇ 10 mm, to those of the runner of the current runner and of the runner 4 of the counter needle 1, that is to say order of 150 mm in the case of Russian standard tracks using the rails described.
  • this pad is not necessarily, and in any case not in the example shown, symmetrical with respect to the core 11 of the needle 9 and relative to its vertical axis YY 'as defined above. It comprises two wings 18, 19.
  • the wing 18 located on the bearing side (therefore opposite the counter-needle 1) is extended in length, its end being at a distance of 100 mm from the vertical axis Y-Y .
  • the wing 19 located on the side of the needle 9 facing the counter needle 1 is shorter, its end 22 is located, in the example shown, at 50 mm (lower values, for example 40 mm or 25 mm can also be envisaged preferably) of the vertical axis YY '.
  • 50 mm lower values, for example 40 mm or 25 mm can also be envisaged preferably
  • a connection and a contact of the needle 9 and the counter-needle 1 are possible at their mushrooms 2, 10, as can be seen especially on the figure 2 and the Figures 5 to 7 .
  • the height H of the needle 9 at its proximal end before forging, and thus the needle rail that is to say the vertical distance between the top of the needle 9, which is expected to be at the same level that the top of the counter-needle 1, and the underside of the pad 12 of the needle 9 which moves with the sliding table 13 on the support 14 during the movements of the needle 9, is normally equal to the height against the needle 1 less the total thickness of the sliding table 13 and its support 14 on which moves the movable part of the needle (see figure 1 ).
  • the height H 'of the counter-needle 1 is 180 mm in the example represent.
  • the height H of the needle 9 at its proximal end before forging is also the height of the needle rail from which the needle 9 is made.
  • the amount of material used for the needle 9 is quite comparable to that used for conventional needles, for example of the order of 88 kg / m for a needle 9 called to replace a conventional Russian needle obtained from a needle rail type OR65, and 70 kg / m for a needle 9 called to substitute for a classic European needle type 60D20 or Zu1-60.
  • FIGs 5, 6 and 7 show sections of the switchgear made at different locations (marked on the figure 1 ) of the distal portion, when the contact between the needle 9 and the counter-needle 1 is made at their mushrooms 2, 10. They highlight how the mushroom 10 of the needle 9 is tapered by machining in the portion of the distal portion of the needle rail, to form the part of the needle 9 which is called to come into contact with the rail 1, knowing that according to the invention, it is the only part of the rail of needle 9 which is necessarily machined, the remainder of the needle 9 (the core 11 and the pad 12 in the distal portion being derived from the initial rolling of the needle rail and the proximal portion of the needle 9 being preferably obtained only by forging the needle rail, however, the proximal portion may also be machined in some parts, especially at its heel.
  • the figure 5 is carried out according to the reference VV of the figure 1 . It is seen that the mushroom 10 of the needle 9 has been machined so as to make it tapered, the original contour of the upper part of the mushroom 10 being shown in dotted lines (as it is also on the figure 6 ).
  • the machined mushroom 10 has an inclined contact face 21 extending the inclined contact face 15 of the proximal portion, adapted to fit the inclined contact face 16 of the counter needle 1.
  • the length of contact between them is at least 80% of the length of the inclined contact face 16 of the counter-needle.
  • the length of contact between them preferably represents at least 80% of the length of the inclined surface 16 of the counter-needle 1
  • the clearance E between the end 22 of the shoe 18 of the needle 9 and the counter-needle 1 is at least 2 mm, preferably 4 to 5 mm. This condition must also be respected over the entire distal portion of the needle 9.
  • the lateral spacing dimension A is defined as the horizontal distance between, on the one hand, the end 22 of the shoe 18 of the needle facing the counter-needle 1, on the other hand, the vertical axis YY 'of the needle rail.
  • the lateral spacing dimension A is, in particular for the Russian profile, greater than 50 mm for the conditions relating to the the minimum moment of inertia Iy of the needle 9 are more assuredly fulfilled, in the case of a needle 9 intended for a Russian standard network.
  • the horizontal distance D between the end of the shoe 18 of the needle 9 facing the counter-needle 1 and the rectilinear face 24 of the core 11 of the needle 9 facing the counter-needle 1 is preferably defined so that in the machined distal machined portion of the needle 1, at the junction between the core 11 and the mushroom 10, the needle 9 has a minimum thickness B greater than or equal to 70% of the thickness of the web core of the running track and the counter-needle 1. This induces that D is preferably greater than or equal to 18 mm. This minimum thickness B is found at the distal end of the needle 9 and is visible on the figure 7 .
  • the aim is that the needle 9 which results from this machining and possible forging of the needle rail certainly has sufficient inertia in comparison with those of the current track and the counter-needle 1.
  • the dimension D is indeed, preferably, greater than 18 mm to contribute to ensuring that the conditions on the minimum lateral inertia Iy of the needle 9, which must be equal or greater than 130% of the lateral inertia of the counter-needle 1 and the running rail, are well filled.
  • this dimension contributes to have a lateral inertia of the needle 9 at least equal to that of the counter needle 1.
  • the figure 6 is carried out according to reference VI-VI of the figure 1 .
  • the machining of the mushroom 10 has led to an even greater taper of the latter.
  • the dimensions A and D are characteristic dimensions of the needle rail, which are found on the needle 1. Since the pad 12 is not machined, they retain the same values as in section VV of FIG. figure 5 .
  • the figure 7 is carried out according to the reference VII-VII of the figure 1 .
  • the machining of the mushroom 10 has led to an even greater taper of the latter, with a virtually zero thickness of the mushroom 10 at its apex 23.
  • the dimensions A and D are characteristic dimensions of the needle rail, the skid being not machined, they retain the same value vis-à-vis the sections according to VV and VI-VI of the figure 1 , respectively visible on Figures 5 and 6 .
  • the difference F, F 'between the widths of the corresponding wings of the shoes 4, 12 of the needle 9 on the one hand and against the needle 1 and the track rail current on the other hand is less than or equal to 50 mm, preferably less than or equal to 40 mm, better less than or equal to 25 mm on each wing of the same side.
  • the figure 8 highlights it, which shows to what correspond said widths F and F '.
  • the profiles of counter-needle 1 and needle 9 are superimposed (at the its proximal end) by matching their running surfaces, and the horizontal distances F, F 'between the ends of the wings of the pads 4, 12 on each side are marked. It is these distances F, F 'which must preferably be 50 mm or less, the optimum being less than 25 mm. This feature is intended to allow the forging of the needle 9 directly from the current track rail.
  • the figure 8 also shows a preferred characteristic of the invention, according to which the core 3 of the counter-needle 1 is included, without overflow, in the core 11 of the needle rail 27, therefore of the needle 9, when the layering of the needle rail profiles 9 and the counter needle 1 is carried out as indicated.
  • the cross sectional area of the needle 9 in its proximal portion is at least 15% greater than that of the counter needle 1 and the common rail, and the forging of the forged part of the needle 9 has led to a reduction of the area of the forged part by a maximum of 30% with respect to the corresponding portion of the needle rail 1.
  • the lateral inertia of the needle 9 at its tapered distal end, where its thickness is minimal, is preferably less than 25%, better by at most 17%, than the lateral inertia of the needle. 9 at its proximal end connected to the current path, and this in all variants of the invention.
  • the rectilinear surface 24 of the needle core starts from 55 mm, at most 75 mm, preferably from 60 mm to 70 mm below the top of the fungus of the needle. It can thus easily include arrangements, such as recesses, for the insertion of elements such as supports, fasteners, stops.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
EP16187591.9A 2015-09-09 2016-09-07 Weiche, die eine zunge und eine backenschiene umfasst Active EP3141448B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16187591T PL3141448T3 (pl) 2015-09-09 2016-09-07 Urządzenie przełączające mające iglicę i opornicę

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EA201500833A EA030076B1 (ru) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Стрелочный перевод, содержащий остряк и рамный рельс

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3141448A1 true EP3141448A1 (de) 2017-03-15
EP3141448B1 EP3141448B1 (de) 2020-04-08

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EP16187591.9A Active EP3141448B1 (de) 2015-09-09 2016-09-07 Weiche, die eine zunge und eine backenschiene umfasst

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EP (1) EP3141448B1 (de)
EA (1) EA030076B1 (de)
HU (1) HUE049476T2 (de)
LT (1) LT3141448T (de)
PL (1) PL3141448T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107386017A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-11-24 西南交通大学 道岔钢轨结构
WO2019183649A1 (de) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Zungenschiene
CN112567095A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2021-03-26 奥钢联道岔技术策尔特韦格有限公司 基本轨道

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0598638A1 (de) * 1992-11-16 1994-05-25 Cogifer Compagnie Generale D'installations Ferroviaires Verbesserte Zunge für eine Eisenbahnweiche
DE10046415A1 (de) * 2000-09-18 2002-04-04 Schreck Mieves Gmbh Rillenschienen-Weichenvorrichtung

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1273424A1 (ru) * 1982-12-30 1986-11-30 Проектно-Технологическо-Конструкторское Бюро Главного Управления Пути Мпс Ссср Остр к дл соединений и пересечений железнодорожного пути
UA81372C2 (en) * 2006-10-09 2007-12-25 Ukrssec Energostal Method for making switch blades
CN103924488B (zh) * 2014-03-12 2016-07-13 中铁宝桥集团有限公司 城市轨道交通道岔尖轨及制作工艺

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0598638A1 (de) * 1992-11-16 1994-05-25 Cogifer Compagnie Generale D'installations Ferroviaires Verbesserte Zunge für eine Eisenbahnweiche
DE10046415A1 (de) * 2000-09-18 2002-04-04 Schreck Mieves Gmbh Rillenschienen-Weichenvorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
U. ZERBST ET AL: "Introduction to the damage tolerance behaviour of railway rails - a review", ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS, vol. 76, no. 17, 15 September 2009 (2009-09-15), AMSTERDAM, NL, pages 2563 - 2601, XP055335386, ISSN: 0013-7944, DOI: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2009.09.003 *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107386017A (zh) * 2017-06-12 2017-11-24 西南交通大学 道岔钢轨结构
WO2019183649A1 (de) * 2018-03-29 2019-10-03 Voestalpine Weichensysteme Gmbh Zungenschiene
CN112262243A (zh) * 2018-03-29 2021-01-22 奥钢联道岔技术策尔特韦格有限公司 舌形轨道
CN112262243B (zh) * 2018-03-29 2022-07-08 奥钢联道岔技术策尔特韦格有限公司 舌形轨道
CN112567095A (zh) * 2018-06-12 2021-03-26 奥钢联道岔技术策尔特韦格有限公司 基本轨道
EP3743559B1 (de) 2018-06-12 2022-03-16 voestalpine Turnout Technology Zeltweg GmbH Backenschiene
CN112567095B (zh) * 2018-06-12 2023-02-17 奥钢联道岔技术策尔特韦格有限公司 基本轨道

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EA201500833A1 (ru) 2017-03-31
EA030076B1 (ru) 2018-06-29
LT3141448T (lt) 2020-07-27
PL3141448T3 (pl) 2020-09-07
HUE049476T2 (hu) 2020-09-28
EP3141448B1 (de) 2020-04-08

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