Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
  • B21D13/02—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form by pressing
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D3/00—Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
  • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
  • B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides

Definitions

• the invention relates to a folding device for forming a corrugation in a metal sheet for the construction of a sealed membrane of a fluid storage tank.
• the invention relates in particular to the field of tanks, waterproof and thermally insulating, with membranes, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
• corrugated waterproofing membranes intended to form an internal coating for liquefied natural gas storage tanks.
• the sealing membrane consists of a plurality of metal plates having a series of perpendicular corrugations allowing it to deform under the effect of thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the fluid stored in the tank.
• corrugated waterproofing membrane is described in particular in document FR2861030.
• the corrugated membrane comprises a first series of parallel corrugations, said high, extending in a direction y and a second series of parallel corrugations, said low, extending in a direction x perpendicular to the direction y.
• the document KR1020080090107 describes a folding device for forming a corrugation in such a waterproofing membrane.
• the folding device shown in FIGS. 6a to 6c of the aforementioned document, comprises a matrix having two matrix elements each having a half-cavity, movable between a spaced position and a close position. When the two matrix elements are brought close to each other, the half-impressions together form an imprint corresponding to the shape of the corrugation to be formed.
• the device comprises a punch movable between a rest position and a position in piiage iaqueiie ie punch is engaged inside the imprint in order to shape the corrugation.
• the folding device also comprises two clamps, extending on either side of the punch and cooperating respectively with one and the other of the matrix elements. The side clamps hold the sheet metal against the matrix elements to ensure that it remains in position when it is folded.
• the matrix elements and the flanks are moved by actuating means controlled by a control unit.
• the two die members and the two edge clamps move toward each other simultaneously with the movement of the punch toward its folding position.
• the movements of the die elements and the flanks are precisely synchronized with the movement of the punch so that there is no change in the thickness of the metal sheet during its folding. It is indeed essential that the metal sheet has, after folding, a constant thickness so as not to degrade its mechanical properties.
• An idea underlying the invention is to provide a folding device for forming a corrugation in a metal sheet for the construction of a sealed membrane of a storage tank which is simple and allows to obtain a corrugation without modification of the thickness of the sheet.
• the invention provides a folding device for forming a corrugation in a metal sheet for the construction of a sealed membrane of a fluid storage tank, the folding device comprising:
• a lower matrix comprising a first and a second matrix element each having a bearing surface of the metal sheet and a concave half-cavity, the first and second matrix elements being each slidably mounted on the lower frame, in a direction x, so as to be slidable between a spaced apart position and a close position, the halfprints of the first and second die elements together defining a fingerprint corresponding to the shape of the corrugation to be formed when the first and second die members are in their close position, said first and second die members being biased toward their spaced apart position by a first biasing member;
• an upper punch arranged above the lower die, having a lower end provided with a head having a shape complementary to that of the imprint, said upper punch being vertically movable relative to the lower frame between a rest position and a folding position in which the head of said upper punch is engaged inside the cavity of the lower die so as to press the metal sheet;
• first and second clamps extending on either side of the upper punch, above the lower die, respectively vis-à-vis the first and second die elements, said first and second greenhouse -flanks being slidably mounted in the x direction, between a close position and a spaced apart position and being biased to their spaced apart position by a second biasing member; the first and second flanks being movable vertically with respect to the lower frame between a relaxed position and a clamping position in which the first and second flanks are respectively brought closer to the bearing surface of the first die member and of the second die member so as to clamp the metal sheet against the bearing surface of the first and second die members such that, in use, when the metal sheet is clamped between the edge clamps and the die members the movement of the upper punch from its rest position to its folding position results in a folding of the metal sheet during which the metal sheet transmits a traction force in the x direction to the die elements and to the flanks and thus moves the matrix elements and the flanks to their close position.
• the metal sheets produced by such a folding device have a constant thickness at their corrugation because the displacement of the matrix elements and flanks is at least partially ensured by tensile forces exerted by the metal sheet, when its deformation by the punch, which involves a synchronization of the movements of the matrix elements and flanks with that of the punch.
• such a folding device may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
• the folding device is intended to form a corrugation in a metal sheet having a preformed corrugation extending in a direction perpendicular to the corrugation to be formed; the first and second die members each having a V-shaped groove for receiving said preformed corrugation.
• the flanks each comprise a male element, projecting towards the lower frame, having a V-shaped which is adapted to be introduced into the groove of the die element vis-à-vis when the greenhouse -flanks are in their tightening position.
• the head of the punch comprises a finger projecting from the head in the direction of the lower frame and disposed opposite the intersection zone between the cavity and the grooves of the first and second matrix elements.
• the folding device comprises two knives, intended for the deformation of the preformed corrugation, on either side of the intersection between the preformed corrugation and the undulation to be formed, the two knives being arranged on either side the intersection area between the imprint and the grooves of the first and second die members; said knives being slidably mounted on the lower frame in the x direction between a spaced position and a close position and being biased towards their spaced apart position by a third biasing member, said knives being further mounted movable vertically with respect to the lower frame between a low rest position and a high folding position in which they are able to deform the preformed corrugation, the device further comprising a knife actuating mechanism which is arranged to move the knives to their upper folding position when moving from the punch to its folding position.
• the mechanism for actuating the knives comprises a movable support member for the knives mounted vertically on the frame, lower and two levers which are each mounted articulated on the lower frame; the levers each comprising:
• a first end provided with a bearing surface, extending inside the cavity of the lower die and adapted to cooperate, in use, with a portion of the metal sheet to be folded to form the waving, so that the lever pivots as the punch moves to its folding position;
• the knives are each carried by a carriage slidably mounted on a respective guide rail and said guide rails are carried by the movable support member knives.
• the folding device comprises an upper pusher mounted vertically movable relative to the lower frame; the upper punch being carried by the upper pusher; the first and second side members being slidably mounted vertically respectively on first and second support plates; said first and second support plates being slidably mounted in the x direction on the upper pusher to allow movement of the flanks between their close position and their spaced apart position; each flange being further recalled remotely from its respective support plate by return members.
• the return members exerting a return force between each clamp and its respective support plate are springs, gas cylinders, hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders.
• the lower die has a recess extending in a direction perpendicular to the corrugation to be formed, the recess extending along an edge of the bearing surface and an edge of the half-cavity of each first and second die members and the upper punch, the first and second flank members each have an edge provided with a protruding portion disposed above said recess, of a shape complementary to said recess and for engaging in said recess when the punch moves towards its folding position and flanks to their clamping position so as to form a jogging along an edge of the metal sheet perpendicular to the corrugation to be formed.
• the lower die has a recess extending in a direction parallel to the corrugation to be formed, the recess extending along an edge of the bearing surface of one of the first and second die members; one of the first and second flanks has a projecting portion disposed above said recess, of shape complementary to said recess and intended to engage in said recess during movement of the flanks to their clamping position so as to forming jogging along an edge of the metal sheet parallel to the corrugation to be formed.
• the folding device further comprises means for assisting the displacement of the first and second die elements and the first and second clamps to their close position.
• the assistance means comprise two jacks cooperating respectively with one and the other of the first and second matrix elements or with both of the first and second flanks and being arranged to assist the movement of the die members and the flanks to their near position as the upper punch moves from its home position to its folded position.
• the embodiment in which the jacks cooperate with the first and second die elements is preferred to the embodiment in which the jacks cooperate with the first and second flanks in that it allows a direct action of the jacks on the jacks. elements involved in the folding of the sheet so that the effect of assistance of the cylinders is optimal.
• the assistance means comprise two pairs of jacks, each pair of jacks cooperating with one or the other of the first and second matrix elements, the two jacks of each of the pairs being respectively disposed on either side of a vertical plane passing through the V-shaped groove of said die element.
• the assistance means comprise a first and a second cam follower carried respectively by one and the other of the first and second die elements and respectively capable of cooperating with a first and a second cam surface integral with the upper punch; ; the first and second cam followers and the first and second cam surfaces being arranged such that when the upper punch moves from its home position to its folding position, the first and second cam followers respectively cooperate with the first and the second cam surfaces to assist the movement of the die members and the flanks to their near position.
• the invention also provides a folding installation comprising a plurality of folding devices mentioned above.
• the invention also provides a method of using a folding device to form a corrugation in a metal sheet for the construction of a sealed membrane of a fluid storage tank, the device folding comprising:
• first and second die members each having a bearing surface of the metal sheet and a concave half-cavity
• the first and second die members being each slidably mounted on the lower frame, in a direction x , so as to be slidable between a spaced apart position and a close position, the halfprints of the first and second die elements together defining an imprint corresponding to the shape of the corrugation to be formed when the first and second die members are in their close position, said first and second die members being biased towards their spaced apart position by a first biasing member;
• an upper punch arranged above the lower die, having a lower end provided with a head having a shape complementary to that of the imprint, said upper punch being vertically movable relative to the lower frame between a rest position and a folding position in which the head of said upper punch is engaged inside the imprint of the lower die so as to press the metal sheet;
• first and second clamps extending on either side of the upper punch, above the lower die, respectively opposite the first and second die elements, said first and second flank members being slidably mounted in the x-direction between a close position and a spaced apart position and being biased towards their spaced apart position by a second return member; the first and second flanks being movable vertically with respect to the lower frame between a relaxed position and a clamping position in which the first and second flanks are respectively brought closer to the bearing surface of the first die member and the second die member for clamping the metal sheet against the bearing surface of the first member and the second die member;
• said method comprising:
• such a method may comprise one or more of the following characteristics: the metal sheet to be folded comprises a preformed corrugation and the first and second die elements each comprise a V-shaped groove; during the positioning of the metal sheet bearing against the bearing surfaces of the first and second die elements, the preformed corrugation being engaged inside the grooves.
• the folding device comprises two knives, intended for the deformation of the preformed corrugation, on either side of the intersection between the preformed corrugation and the corrugation to be formed, the two knives being arranged on either side of the the intersection area between the imprint and the grooves of the first and second die members; said knives being slidably mounted on the lower frame in the x direction between a spaced position and a close position and being biased towards their spaced apart position by a third biasing member, said knives being further mounted movable vertically with respect to the lower frame between a low rest position and a high folding position in which they are able to deform the preformed corrugation, the device further comprising a knife actuating mechanism which is arranged to move the knives to their upper folding position when moving punch to its folding position; the movement of the upper punch towards its folding position causing, on the one hand, a movement of the knives towards their upper folding position, and, on the other hand, a folding of the metal sheet so that the metal sheet transmits a force traction in the x
• FIG. 1 is a view of a corrugated metal plate for the construction of a sealed membrane of a liquefied natural gas storage tank.
• Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a folding device for forming a corrugation in a metal sheet.
• FIG. 3 is a partial perspective view of a folding device in which the punch is shown in its rest position, the clamps being in the clamping position of the metal sheet against the matrix elements, the flanks and the matrix elements being further in their spaced apart position.
• FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a folding device in which the punch is shown in its folding position, with the flanks and die elements in their close position.
• Figure 5 is a top view of the folding device of Figure 3 in which the flanks and die elements are in their spaced position.
• FIG. 6 is a sectional view along plane VI-VI of the folding device of FIG. 5.
• Fig. 7 is a front view of the folding device of Fig. 3 in which the flanks and die members are in their spaced apart position.
• FIG. 8 is a sectional view along plane VIII-VIII of the folding device of FIG. 7.
• Figure 9 is a perspective view of a knife for deformation of a high ripple on both sides of a cross between a high undulation and a low undulation.
• Fig. 10 is a side view of a folding plant having a plurality of folding devices as illustrated in Figs. 2 to 8.
• Figures 11, 12 and 13 are perspective views of folding devices according to three alternative embodiments which further allow to form a jogglinage in one or two edges of the metal sheet.
• FIGS. 14 and 15 are schematic views respectively illustrating the section of the punch according to two embodiments.
• FIGS. 16 and 17 are front views of folding devices according to two other modes of embodiment, the flanks and matrix elements being in their separated position. Detailed description of embodiments
• Figure 1 illustrates a corrugated metal plate 1 for the formation of a sealed membrane of a liquefied natural gas storage tank.
• the metal plate 1 comprises a first series of parallel corrugations 2, said low, extending in a direction y and a second series of parallel corrugations 3, said high, extending in a direction x.
• the x and y directions of the series of undulations are perpendicular.
• the corrugations 2, 3 protrude from the side of the inner face of the metal plate 1, intended to be placed in contact with the fluid contained in the tank.
• the edges of the metal plate 1 are here parallel to the corrugations 2, 3.
• the terms "high” and "low” have a relative meaning and mean that the undulations 2, said low, have a height less than the undulations 3, say high.
• the metal plate 1 comprises between the corrugations 2, 3, a plurality of flat surfaces 4. At each crossing between a low corrugation 2 and a high corrugation 3, the metal plate 1 comprises a node zone 5.
• the node zone 5 comprises a central portion 6 having an apex projecting towards the inside of the tank. Moreover, the central portion 6 is bordered, on the one hand, by a pair of concave corrugations 7 formed in the peak of the high corrugation 3 and, on the other hand, by a pair of recesses 8 into which the low ripple 2.
• the corrugations 2, 3 of the metal plate 1 allow the waterproofing membrane to be flexible in order to be deformed under the effect of thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the liquefied natural gas stored in the tank.
• the metal sheet 1 may in particular be made of stainless steel, aluminum, Invar ®: that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1, 2.10 "6 and 2.10 " 6 K “1 , or in a high manganese iron alloy whose expansion coefficient is typically in the order of 7 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 .
• Invar ® that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel whose expansion coefficient is typically between 1, 2.10 "6 and 2.10 " 6 K “1 , or in a high manganese iron alloy whose expansion coefficient is typically in the order of 7 ⁇ 10 -6 K -1 .
• the metal sheet 1 has a thickness of about 1.2 mm. Other thicknesses are also conceivable, knowing that a thickening of the metal sheet 1 causes an increase in its cost and generally increases the rigidity of the corrugations 2, 3.
• two perpendicular edges of each metal sheet 1 have a jogglinage, that is to say a vertical portion, so that when the metal sheets are welded to each other, the edges having a jogglinage each overcome the edge vis-à-vis adjacent metal sheet.
• Figures 2 to 8 and 10 show a folding device for forming a low ripple as well as the node between this low ripple and a high ripple, in a metal sheet in which a high ripple has previously been formed.
• the folding device comprises a fixed lower frame 9 and an upper pusher 10 which is mounted vertically movable relative to the lower frame 9.
• the device comprises a punch 1, carried by the upper pusher 10, and having, at its lower end, a head 12 having a shape corresponding to the shape of the corrugation to be shaped.
• the head 12 has a V-shaped section that extends over the entire length of the corrugation to be formed.
• the head 12 of the pusher is intended to engage, in the folding position, inside a cavity 13, of complementary shape, formed in a lower die carried by the lower frame 9.
• the upper pusher 10 must be fit to exert a pressure of the order of 5 tons per node area to be formed.
• a press capable of exerting a pressure of the order of 30 tons to make three knots whereas the presses used in the prior art must often have a much higher capacity, of the order of 150 knots. to 200 tons.
• the lower die consists of two die members 14, 15 which are slidably mounted horizontally on the lower frame 9 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the corrugation to be formed between a spaced position and a close position.
• the matrix elements 14, 15 comprise an upper surface 16 for supporting the metal sheet.
• Each die element 14, 15 further comprises at its edge opposite the other die element 14, 15, a half-footprint, concave.
• the half-imprints together form the imprint 13, corresponding to the shape of the corrugation to be shaped.
• Returning members not shown in Figure 2, provide a return of the two matrix elements 14, 15 to their spaced apart position.
• the pusher 10 also carries two sidewall clamps 17, 18 extending on either side of the punch 1 1.
• Each side clamp 17, 18 is arranged opposite a die element 14, 15 respectively.
• the flanks 17, 18 being carried by the pusher 10, they are able to be moved between a rest position and a clamping position in which they press the metal sheet against the bearing surface 16 of the matrix elements 14, 15, when the pusher 10 is moved to the lower frame 9.
• each flange 17, 18 is slidably mounted vertically on a support plate 19, 20 via a guiding device having a plurality of guide tubes 21 integral with said flange clamp 17, 18 and slidably mounted in bores in the support plate 19, 20.
• Springs 22 exert a return force between each support plate 19, 20 and the flange clamp 17, 18 facing each other.
• the springs 22 are replaced by gas cylinders, also called gas springs, having one end attached to a support plate 19, 20 and a second end attached to the flank 17, 18 vis-à-vis.
• the springs 22 may also be replaced by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders.
• the flanks 17, 18 are also slidably mounted horizontally on the upper pusher 10 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the corrugation to be formed.
• each support plate 19, 20 is secured to carriages 23 which are slidably mounted on guide rails 24 carried by the upper pusher 10.
• the carts 23 are advantageously bearing carriages which comprise a plurality of rolling bodies capable of cooperating with bearing tracks carried by the guide rail.
• the flanks 17, 18 are thus slidably mounted on the upper pusher 10 between a spaced position and a close position.
• one or more return members not shown, provide a return of the flanks 17, 18 to their spaced apart position.
• the return members are springs which comprise a first end bearing against a lateral face of the punch 11 and a second end bearing against the movable carriage 23 or against the support plate 19, 20 to face.
• FIGS. 3 to 8 the upper pusher 10 as well as the guide and return means of the flanks 17, 18 are not shown.
• the flanks 17, 18 are shown in a clamping position of the metal plate against the bearing surfaces 16 of the matrix elements 14, 15.
• the matrix elements 14, 15 and the flanks 17, 18 are shown, in a position apart, in FIGS. 3 and 5 to 8, and in a close position, in FIG. 4.
• each die element 14, 15 is secured to carriages 25 mounted sliding horizontally, in the x direction, on guide rails 26 carried by the lower frame 9.
• the carriages 25 are advantageously bearing carriages which comprise a plurality of rolling bodies capable of cooperating with bearing tracks carried by the guide rail 26.
• the return members, ensuring a return of the two matrix elements 14, 15 to their spaced position are here springs 27, shown in Figure 3, which are supported between the two matrix elements 14, 15.
• FIGS. 3 and 4 also show that the matrix elements 15, 16 each comprise a groove 28 extending in the direction x, perpendicular to the direction y of the cavity 13.
• the grooves 28 are for receiving the high corrugation previously formed in the metal plate.
• the grooves 28 thus have a V-shaped section, complementary in shape to that of the high corrugation.
• the flanks 17, 18 each comprise a male member 29 projecting, directed downwards, extending in the x direction and having a V shape complementary to that of the high corrugation. Therefore, in operation, when the flanks 17, 18 are positioned in their clamping position, the preformed high corrugation is maintained between the male members 29 of the flanks 17, 18 and the grooves 28 of the matrix members 15. , 16. Thus, clamping of the metal plate is also performed at the high preformed corrugation when forming a low corrugation.
• the head 12 of the punch 1 1 comprises a finger 38, shown in Figure 6, projecting from the head 12 towards the lower frame 9 and disposed vis-à-vis the area of intersection between the half-impressions and the grooves 28 of the first and second die members 14, 15.
• the finger 38 has a lamella shape which is able to deform the intersection zone between the high undulation and the low undulation in order to shape a projecting top.
• the finger is vertically removable and able to retract once the boot of the deformation of the vertex of the node started.
• the folding device is also equipped with knives 30,
• the knives 30, 31 shown in Figures 5 and 6, for shaping the concave corrugations 7 in the peak of the high undulation of the metal plate, on either side of the intersection between the high preformed corrugation and the low corrugation to form.
• the knives 30, 31 have a blade 32 directed upwards and extending parallel to the direction of the impression 13.
• the knives 30, 31 are slidably mounted on the lower frame 9, in the x direction of the grooves 28 between a spaced position and a close position. To do this, the knives 30, 31 are each mounted on a carriage 33 slidably mounted on a guide rail 34. Furthermore, the guide rails 34 are carried by a knife support member 35 which is mounted vertically movable relative to The folding device is also equipped with an actuating mechanism, described below, which is able to move the support member of the knives 35 upwards so that said knives 30, 31 are moved. in a high folding position, when the punch 11 moves down towards its folding position. Feedback members provide a return of the knives 30, 31 to their spaced apart position. The return members here are springs 36 which act between the support member of the knives 35 and said knives 30, 3.
• the matrix elements 14, 15 each have a notch 37 at the level of the intersection between their half-shaping recess of the low undulation and their housing groove 28 of the high undulation.
• Figures 7 and 8 show the knife operating mechanism which is arranged to move the knife support member 35 upwardly as the punch 11 is driven to its folding position.
• the actuating mechanism comprises two levers 39, 40.
• the levers 39, 40 are arranged in the space formed between the two matrix elements 14, 15.
• the levers 39, 40 are mounted articulated on the upper frame 9 around an axis of rotation parallel to the x direction of the grooves 28.
• the levers 39, 40 each comprise a first end 41 intended to cooperate, in operation with a portion of the metal sheet intended to be folded by the punch 11.
• the levers 39, 40 have a second end 43 cooperating with the movable member for supporting the knives 35 in order to move it upwards.
• the first end 41 of the levers 39, 40 carries a contact piece 42 which, on the one hand, is articulated on the first end 41 of the levers 39, 40, and, on the other hand, comprises a flat support soleplate intended to cooperate with the metal sheet.
• a contact piece 42 which, on the one hand, is articulated on the first end 41 of the levers 39, 40, and, on the other hand, comprises a flat support soleplate intended to cooperate with the metal sheet.
• the second end 43 of the levers 39, 40 cooperates with a rim 44 carried. by the knife support member 35.
• the punch 11 In operation, when the punch 11 comes into contact with the portion of the metal sheet to be bent, the punch 11 will exert on the first ends 42 of the levers 39, 40 a force tending to pivot them so that the second end 42 levers 39, 40 act on the flange 44 of the knife support member 35 and the knives 30, 31 move to their upper folding position in which they deform the peak of the high corrugation of the metal plate.
• the knife support member 35 returns to its lower rest position under the effect of gravity. It can be observed in FIG. 6 that the blade support member 35 is slidably mounted on the lower frame 9 by means of a guide tube 44 fixed to the lower frame 9 and cooperating with a bore provided inside the frame. the knife support member 35.
• levers are symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to a vertical plane passing through the axis of the grooves 28.
• the levers 39, 40 therefore pivot in opposite directions of rotation. .
• Such an arrangement allows for a balanced knife actuation mechanism.
• the metal sheet is placed on the bearing surfaces 16 of the first and second die elements 14, 15.
• the metal sheet is positioned so that its high preformed corrugation is positioned inside the grooves 28 matrix elements 15, 16.
• the upper pusher 10 is moved downwards towards the lower frame 9.
• the side members 17, 18 are thus positioned in their clamping position in which they clamp the metal sheet against the bearing surfaces of the elements. matrix ( Figures 3 and 5 to 8).
• the springs 22 extending between the sidewall clamps 17, 18 and the upper pusher 10 are compressed while the pusher continues to descend and the punch 11 deforms the metal sheet.
• the metal sheet exerts a force on the levers 39, 40 for actuating the knives 30, 31, which causes a movement of the knives 30, 31 to their upper folding position.
• the metal sheet in deforming exerts on the knives 30, 31 a tensile force which tends to slide them to their close position.
• the upper pusher 10 can then be brought upwards, away from the lower frame 9. Therefore, the knives 30, 31, the matrix elements 14, 15 and the flanks 17, 18 are automatically recalled by their respective return members 27, 36 to their spaced apart position.
• FIG. 10 there is shown a folding plant having a plurality of folding devices A, B, C as described above.
• the folding installation is intended to form at least one corrugation in a metal sheet having three preformed high undulations.
• three devices arranged A, B, C are used one after the other in the y direction.
• Spacer members 45 may be disposed between the different folding devices A, B, C.
• the pitch between the high corrugations can be easily varied.
• the folding installation may comprise several rows of folding devices A, B, C in order to be able to form a plurality of low corrugations in the same metal sheet, said rows being arranged one after the other in the x direction. Note however that in such a folding plant, it will be necessary to control the folding devices, sequentially, so that the low corrugations are successively shaped.
• folding devices are observed which make it possible to form a jogging at the edges of the metal sheet 1 simultaneously with the formation of the low corrugation 2 and the node zone 5.
• the folding device illustrated in FIG. 11 makes it possible to form a jogging along an edge of the metal sheet 1 perpendicular to the low corrugations 2.
• the lower die has a recess 45 which extends perpendicular to the direction of the corrugation 2 to form, along one of the edges of the lower die.
• the recess comprises, on the one hand, a first portion along an edge of the bearing surface 16 and the half-cavity 13 of the matrix element 14 and a second portion along an edge of the bearing surface 16 and the half-cavity 13 of the matrix element 15.
• the punch 11 and the greenhouse flanges 17, 18 each comprise a projecting portion 46 which is offset downwards and is intended to engage in the recess 45 of the lower die in order to form a jogging in an edge of the metal sheet 1 1 which is perpendicular to the corrugation 2 to form, during the movement of the flanks 17, 18 to their clamping position and the punch 11 to its folding position.
• the folding device illustrated in FIG. 13 makes it possible to form a jogging along an edge parallel to the low corrugations 2.
• the lower die has a recess 47 which extends parallel to the direction of the corrugation 2 to form along one of the edges of the lower die.
• the recess 47 is here formed along an edge of the die element 14, opposite the edge having the half-cavity 13.
• the recess 47 is formed along the edge of the bearing surface 16 of the element 14 and is also formed along an edge of the groove 28 in the form of V.
• the flank 17 vis-à-vis has a projecting portion 48 of complementary shape to the recess 47 formed in the matrix member 14.
• the projecting portion 48 is formed along an edge of the flange 17 throughout its dimension.
• the protruding portion 48 is also provided on the edge of the male member 29 directed downwards and intended to be housed in the groove 28 when the clamps 17, 18 are in their clamping position.
• the projecting portion 47 engages in the recess 48 formed along an edge of the matrix element 14 so as to form a jogging in an edge of the metal sheet 1 parallel to the corrugation 2 to be formed during the movement of the flanks 17, 18 to their clamping position.
• the folding device illustrated in FIG. 12 combines the recess 45 and the projecting portion 46 perpendicular to the corrugation 2 to be formed, as described with reference to FIG. 11, and the recess 47 and the parallel projection portion 48. to the corrugation 2 to be formed, as described in relation with FIG. 13.
• the folding device of FIG. 13 makes it possible to form a jogglinage along an angle of the metal sheet 1, that is to say ie along an edge parallel to the low undulations 2 and an edge perpendicular to the low undulations 2. It is therefore understood that a folding installation associating the three types of folding devices mentioned above makes it possible to form a jogging along the entire length of two perpendicular edges of a metal sheet 1, as represented in FIG.
• the section of the groove 28 of the matrix elements 14, 15 is seen in two embodiments.
• This groove 28 has a shape complementary to that of the high corrugation 3.
• the section has a shape of V which is defined by two lateral faces 49a, 49b joining at a ridge zone 49c.
• the section, illustrated in Figure 14 has substantially a semi-elliptical shape.
• the two lateral portions 49a, 49b are therefore arcuate.
• This shape corresponds to the final shape of the high corrugations 3.
• Such a shape makes it possible to confer on the membrane excellent characteristics of mechanical strength. In particular, it makes it possible to increase the resistance of the membrane to the hydrostatic pressure and to the hydrodynamic pressures generated by the sloshing movements of the liquid inside the vessel.
• the section illustrated in Figure 15 has a substantially triangular shape except in the ridge area 49c which has a fillet.
• the two lateral faces 49a, 49b joining at the level of the ridge zone are substantially planar.
• the groove 28 has such a shape when during the formation of the low corrugation 2, the high corrugation 3 does not have its definitive shape, the latter being subsequently taken up in order to give it its final shape.
• the folding device is equipped with means for assisting the displacement of the matrix elements 14, 15 and sidewall clamps 17, 18 towards their close position.
• assistance means are particularly advantageous in that they make it possible in particular to ensure that the matrix elements 14, 15 and the flanks 17, 18 move over their entire travel, ie to say until their close final position, during the movement of the punch 1 1 to its folding position.
• the assistance means comprise two cams 50, 51 each cooperating with a cam follower 52, 53.
• Each die element 14, 15 is equipped with a cam follower 52, 53 adapted to cooperate with a respective cam surface 50, 51 carried by the upper pusher 10 as it moves downward from its rest position. towards its folding position.
• the cam follower 52, 53 are advantageously idlers mounted idler about a horizontal axis, parallel to the y direction.
• the cam surfaces 52, 53 are oriented such that when the upper pusher 10 moves from its rest position to its folding position, the cam surface 52, 53 presses on the cam follower 52, 53 moving the die members 14, 15 to their near position.
• the cams 50, 51 and cam followers 52, 53 are arranged in such a way that they do not intervene as soon as the punch 11 comes into contact with the portion of the metal sheet to be folded, but subsequently during the movement of the punch 1 1 to its final position of folding.
• the cams 50, 51 may also be arranged in such a way that the cam followers 52, 53 come into contact with the cams 50, 51 so as to assist the movement of the matrix elements 14, 15 only in the event that the kinematic matrix elements has a slight delay compared to the desired kinematics.
• the assistance means consist of cylinders 54, 55, such as pneumatic cylinders for example.
• the assistance means comprise at least two jacks 54, 55 which cooperate respectively with one and the other of the two matrix elements 14, 15.
• Each jack 54, 55 comprises an end which is fixed on the lower frame 9 and an end cooperating with one of the matrix elements 14, 15.
• the cylinders are able to assist the displacement of the matrix elements 14, 15 from their spaced position to their close position.
• the cylinders 54, 55 are traction cylinders, that is to say, cylinders able to act in a direction corresponding to a retraction movement of their rod.
• the rod of each of the cylinders 54, 55 passes through one of the matrix elements 14, 15 and cooperates with the other opposite die element 14, 15 in order to pull it towards its close position.
• the cylinders 54, 55 are thrust cylinders, that is to say, cylinders able to act in a direction corresponding to an extension movement of their rod.
• the rod of each of the jacks 54, 55 cooperates with the adjacent die element 14, 15 so as to push it towards its close position.
• the assistance means comprise two pairs of jacks 54, 55 each cooperating with one and the other of the matrix elements 14.
• the cylinders of each pair 54, 55 are respectively disposed on either side of a vertical plane passing through the groove 28 of each die element.
• the ends of the rods of the two cylinders of each pair 54, 55 are fixed on an intermediate plate, not shown, which is adapted to cooperate with one of the matrix elements 14, 15 in order to push it towards its close position.
• Such an intermediate plate makes it possible, on the one hand, to synchronize the movement of the jacks of each pair and, on the other hand, to distribute the forces exerted on the matrix elements 14, 15 so that the forces 'exert parallel to the orientation of the guide rails 26.
• the cylinders 54, 55 mentioned above are associated with additional pneumatic cylinders which cooperate with the flanks 17, 18 to move them to their close position.
• the additional cylinders are advantageously synchronized with the cylinders 54, 55 acting on the matrix elements 14,15.
• the assistance means may also comprise only pneumatic cylinders acting on the displacement of the flanks 17, 18, although this embodiment is less advantageous.
• folding device can also be used for forming the high corrugations of a metal plate.
• the folding device can be simplified and not comprise a knife, a groove formed in the matrix elements and male element formed in the clamps.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)

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• 2014
  • 2014-05-06 FR FR1454078A patent/FR3020769B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2015
  • 2015-05-06 US US15/308,424 patent/US10335844B2/en active Active
  • 2015-05-06 KR KR1020167032471A patent/KR102353810B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2015-05-06 WO PCT/FR2015/051203 patent/WO2015170054A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-05-06 CN CN201580023180.8A patent/CN106457335B/zh active Active
  • 2015-05-06 EP EP15725828.6A patent/EP3140058B1/de active Active

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