EP3128497A1 - Vorrichtung zur alarmierung bei sich nähernden notfallfahrzeugen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur alarmierung bei sich nähernden notfallfahrzeugen Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3128497A1
EP3128497A1 EP16182452.9A EP16182452A EP3128497A1 EP 3128497 A1 EP3128497 A1 EP 3128497A1 EP 16182452 A EP16182452 A EP 16182452A EP 3128497 A1 EP3128497 A1 EP 3128497A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vehicle
acoustic signals
processing
vehicles
emergency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16182452.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrea Manco
Nicola Dapozzo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP3128497A1 publication Critical patent/EP3128497A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0965—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages responding to signals from another vehicle, e.g. emergency vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/09—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions
    • G08G1/0962—Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages
    • G08G1/0967—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits
    • G08G1/096766—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission
    • G08G1/096791—Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits where the system is characterised by the origin of the information transmission where the origin of the information is another vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for alerting on the approaching of emergency vehicles.
  • DE 10 2010 022 165 includes detecting the presence of an emergency vehicle by means of a combined system which detects both the acoustic signal and the optical signal (flashing) emitted by the emergency vehicle itself.
  • a combined system is rather complicated in terms of manufacturing, and furthermore is not completely satisfactory because the device does not operate properly in the absence of an optical signal (e.g. flashing signal damaged).
  • the optical signal of the flashing signal of the emergency vehicle is easily distorted by the inevitable reflecting surfaces present in the traffic context and this induces circumstances of failed or erroneous activation of the combined detection system of DE 10 2010 022 165 .
  • DE 10 2010 022 165 includes the use of a unidirectional microphone which captures sounds only in a precise and targeted direction and does not reveal how to assess and identify the type of emergency vehicle from the detection of the acoustic signals emitted therefrom.
  • US 2008/0150755 describes a system which uses a unidirectional microphone for detecting the acoustic signals of an emergency vehicle and, on the basis of the signal thus detected, determines the position, direction and speed of such an emergency vehicle with respect to said microphone. The information thus determined is then displayed on a dedicated display mounted inside the vehicle where the system itself is installed.
  • the system of US 2008/0150755 is rather complicated to implement because it requires a dedicated display to be provided or installed inside the vehicle, and it also requires the presence of a specific software which maps the live position of the moving emergency vehicle on the display.
  • US 7061402 describes a system which, in order to alert on the presence or approaching of emergency vehicles, mainly uses a radio frequency transmission signal which may possibly be integrated with the detection of the acoustic signal emitted by said emergency vehicles.
  • the system of US 7061402 is not completely satisfactory because it is rather complicated and costly to manufacture since it requires installing a unit for transmitting radio frequency signals in the emergency vehicles and a unit for receiving such signals in the other vehicles.
  • such a system also includes the use of a dedicated directional microphone, of a display and a software to display the live approaching position of the emergency vehicle.
  • a motor vehicle cars, trucks, buses, etc.
  • a motorcycle motorcycle, scooter, etc.
  • device 2 As shown in the figures, to alert on the approaching of emergency vehicles, that is of rescue 4 and/or public safety 5 vehicles, device 2 according to the invention is installed inside a vehicle 6 so as to attract the attention of the driver of the vehicle itself, and also of any passengers on board.
  • rescue vehicles 4 mean ambulances, medical cars, etc.
  • public safety vehicles 5 mean the vehicles of the fire brigade, police, customs, municipal police and generally of public safety.
  • vehicle 6 means motor vehicles, trucks, buses, motorbikes, scooters, etc., and also an emergency vehicle.
  • the electronic device 2 comprises means for detecting 8 the characteristics, in particular in terms of frequency, of the acoustic signals 10 present outside and/or inside vehicle 6.
  • the acoustic signals 10 thus detected and acquired are sent to a processing and analysis unit 12 which is configured and programmed to filter and clean them so as to be able to then compare them with the reference acoustic signals 14, which correspond to those emitted by the rescue 4 and/or public safety 5 vehicles.
  • the processing unit 12 is configured to extract characteristic parameters from the acoustic signals detected 10 so as to make a comparison 13 of them with the characteristic parameters of the acoustic signals 14 emitted by the rescue 4 and/or public safety 5 vehicles, and stored beforehand in the unit itself.
  • the acoustic signals 14 emitted by the rescue vehicles 4 substantially have the following characteristic parameters:
  • the acoustic signals 14 emitted by the public safety vehicles 5 substantially have the following characteristic parameters:
  • the detection means 8 are acoustic sensors and conveniently comprise one or more omnidirectional microphones, that is microphones which have a uniform sensitivity for any origin direction of the acoustic signal 10.
  • the detection means 8 are associated with means 40 for automatically adapting the amplitude of the acoustic signal detected so as to keep constant the amplitude of the signal output therefrom while at the same time limiting the introduction of harmonic distortions.
  • these means 40 are configured to keep constant the level of the signal to later be input into the processing and analysis unit 12 and comprise hardware means (also of the electro-mechanical type) and/or software means which implement an automatic control section of the volume or of the gain (also referred to as "Automatic Volume Control” or “Automatic Gain Control”).
  • the means 40 comprise an amplifier with dynamic compressor which advantageously allows the input signal to be compressed without distorting it.
  • the use of the means 40 conveniently allows saturations to be avoided, thus allowing to operate with highly variable signals which also tend to become very strong, exactly as are the acoustic signals emitted by the emergency vehicles 4, 5.
  • the broad variation in amplitude of the useful signal detected by the omnidirectional microphone 8 is thereby conveniently managed; indeed, when emitter emergency vehicles are very distant, the acoustic signal emitted is very weak and slightly higher than the background noise and therefore the means 40 act by amplifying the signal detected by the omnidirectional microphone 8; while, when emitter emergency vehicles are particularly close, the acoustic signal emitted is so strong that it could potentially be capable of saturating the dynamic capacities of the amplification circuit, and therefore the means 40 act on reducing the signal detected by the omnidirectional microphone 8.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 comprises a processing section 42 for processing the acoustic signal 10 detected by the means 8 and a section 44 for analyzing the signal processed beforehand.
  • the processing section 42 comprises at least one digital signal processor (such as e.g. chip ADAU1452) receiving the acoustic signal 10 detected by the means 8 and conveniently stabilized by the means 40.
  • Section 42 is configured to process such an acoustic signal 10 so as to provide the analysis section 44 with the information related to the active part and the pause step of the tones emitted by the sirens of the emergency vehicles 4 and 5.
  • the processing section 42 comprises at least two parallel and independent processing lines 45, one for each standard frequency of the rescue 4 or public safety 5 vehicles.
  • the acoustic signal 10 which was detected by the means 8 and was conveniently stabilized by the means 40, enters each processing line 45 provided in section 42.
  • each processing line 45 comprises:
  • the pass-band of the frequencies of the band-pass filter of module 46 of each processing line 45 is different from that of the other lines.
  • the first module 46 comprises rather narrow band-pass filters with a high order and this allows only the frequencies which are typical of the sirens of emergency vehicles 4, 5 to be isolated, even in particularly noisy environments and/or in the presence of strong turbulence noise originating mainly from the fact that vehicle 6 may be moving.
  • the first module 46 there is also a filtering of the harmonic frequencies of the base frequencies typical of the acoustic signals emitted by the emergency vehicles (preferably defined by the frequencies 392 Hz, 660 Hz, 466 Hz and 622 Hz).
  • this allows the detection accuracy to be improved, also considering that device 2 generally operates in the presence of acoustic signals 10 with a wide spectrum, which often are difficult to be identified correctly due to the morphological structure of the surrounding environment.
  • the processing unit 12 is also conveniently configured to recognize the tones coming from relative moving sources (that is, emergency vehicles 4, 5) with respect to the detection means 8 associated with vehicle 6 where device 2 is installed, by calculating and compensating for the variation in tonality using the technique referred to as "Doppler Effect".
  • Doppler Effect Preferably, during acquisition, a window of about +/-10% is applied to the standard frequencies, corresponding to a theoretical relative speed of about +/-50Km/h (assuming a speed of propagation of sound in air of about 340 m/s).
  • This is particularly advantageous considering that device 2 operates with acoustic signals of various intensity since transmitting and receiving vehicles are in relative movement, and the signal captured is not always of interest to the receiving device 2.
  • the analysis section 44 receives the information that section 42 has processed from the acoustic signal detected 10 and is configured to measure the duration and the alternation between the tones calculated by section 42 so as to identify the emitting emergency vehicle and promptly provide the subjects on board the vehicle 6 with the results of this identification.
  • processing section 42 comprises several processing lines 45 which are independent from one another allows sufficient data to be sent in an optimal manner to the analysis module 44 which are sufficient to also identify any simultaneous presence of several emergency vehicles, even of different types, such as for example rescue vehicles 4 and public safety vehicles 5.
  • the analysis module 44 comprises:
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 is also configured to send an activation signal 18 to the signaling means 20 on board the vehicle 6 in the case of positive results of said comparison 13.
  • the analysis section 44 also conveniently comprises a module 56 which manages a graphic interface for displaying the results of comparison 13 made in module 54, the interface being preferably already provided in the vehicles 6 available on the market.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 conveniently activates different signaling means 20 which are on board the vehicle 6 so as to alert the driver of the latter if the vehicle approaching is a rescue and/or emergency vehicle.
  • the signaling means 20 may be of visual type, such as e.g. a warning light (solid or flashing), an icon and/or a text displayed on dashboard 21, on the middle panel of the vehicle or in any case in a position easily seen by the driver.
  • These signaling means 20 also conveniently comprise visual indicators which are projected onto the windshield of the vehicle.
  • the signaling means 20 may also be of the acoustic type so as to emit a particular acoustic signal 22 inside the passenger compartment of vehicle 6 which attracts the attention of the driver.
  • this acoustic signal may consist for example of a voice command, such as e.g. "pay attention” or "rescue vehicles arriving", etc.
  • the signaling means 20 may also be of the tactile type.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 here may be connected to actuators (not depicted) which are mounted on the steering wheel 24 and/or in the driver's seat and which induce a slight vibration on the steering wheel and/or on the seat when the activation signal 18 emitted by the processing and analysis unit 12 is received.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 may also be connected to the control station (installed inside vehicle 6 and not depicted), which controls the radio and/or a music player 23 and/or the voice of the navigation system and/or may interact with the mobile phone (an possibly its hands-free kit) connected via cable or via Bluetooth to the vehicle itself.
  • a control station may be conveniently programmed so as to control the decrease in audio volume of them and/or the sending of an acoustic warning even during a phone conversation upon receiving the activation signal 18 emitted by the processing and analysis unit 12.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 may also be connected to the control station of vehicle 6 or may form an integral part thereof, and be configured to induce the automatic and simultaneous switching on of all the direction indicators (the so-called "four flashers") of the vehicle itself in order to visually alert on an emergency circumstance even outside the vehicle 6 where device 2 is installed, and in particular in order to alert the other vehicles on such a situation.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 may also be programmed to estimate the distance at which rescue 4 and/or public safety 5 vehicles are, their approaching speed as well as their time of arrival, on the basis of the acoustic signals detected 10. Therefore, on the basis of the values thus estimated, the processing and analysis unit 12 controls a different level of activation of the signaling means 20, a level which progressively increases as the emergency vehicles 4 and 5 approach.
  • device 2 may conveniently comprise proximity sensors and/or a receiver 30 of radio waves (at preset frequency having an encrypted data transmission) sent by suitable emitters 32 intended to be installed on the rescue 4 and/or emergency 5 vehicles.
  • the signals transmitted by means of the radio waves are also sent to the processing and analysis unit 12 to control the activation inside vehicle 6 of one or more of the above-described signaling means 20.
  • the processing and analysis unit 12 may also be equipped with its own radio transmission means (not depicted) which are activated when the processing and analysis unit 12 identifies the acoustic signals 14 emitted by an emergency vehicle 4 or 5, among the acoustic signals 10 detected.
  • the radio transmission means may also be conveniently activated when the traditional proximity or distance sensors, with which vehicle 6 is generally equipped, detect a contact, and therefore a collision of the vehicle itself.
  • the device 2 of vehicle 6 is configured to send, by means of the aforesaid radio transmission means, a suitable radio signal alerting the other vehicles which are following (e.g.
  • the radio signal transmitted may also be conveniently received by the emergency vehicle 4 or 5 which is approaching and may conveniently contain information related to the position of the vehicles involved in the accident.
  • device 2 may also be mounted and installed on board the vehicles 6 with rescue 4 and/or emergency 5 function with the same characteristics and modes described previously, and in particular may be connected to and/or integrated within the control station.
  • device 2 may be easily installed and integrated within any vehicle 6, such as a car, truck, bus, motorcycle, scooter, etc.
  • the processing and analysis modules implemented in unit 12 may also be conveniently loaded and executed on various types of hardware which are external to and independent from vehicle 6 and which are already normally available and widespread on the market, for example smartphones, tablets, phonepads, mobile navigation systems, etc.
  • device 2 according to the invention is capable of detecting acoustic signals emitted by emergency vehicles 4 and 5 at a distance of at least 100 meters and it was conveniently ascertained to this end that such a distance - especially in the city - is sufficient to ensure a suitable signaling and reaction by the driver of vehicle 6 where device 2 is installed.
  • the device according to the invention is configured to detect an acoustic signal in order to specifically alert not only on the presence, but also and especially on the approaching of an emergency vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention alerts on the approaching of emergency vehicles by only and directly picking up the frequency of the acoustic signal emitted by such vehicles, therefore without requiring or providing any type of optical detection.
  • the acoustic signal is the only signal which identifies with certainty an urgent request within a traffic context, also considering that the flashing optical signal of an emergency vehicle may be easily damaged or may be distorted by the reflective surfaces which are inevitably present within the traffic context.
  • the device according to the invention is also configured to identify the type of emergency vehicle approaching (that is, if it is a rescue or public safety vehicle) on the basis of the acoustic signals emitted by such vehicles and furthermore, does not necessarily include the presence of a dedicated display and software for the live display of the position and approaching speed of the emergency vehicle.
  • the device according to the invention uses an omnidirectional acoustic sensor associated with means for automatically adjusting the amplitude of the acoustic signals detected. This allows the acoustic signals coming from any direction (without identifying the specific direction of origin of the signal) to be detected with uniform sensitivity, and highly variable acoustic signals which tend to become very strong (exactly as the acoustic signals emitted by the emergency vehicles) to be worked with simultaneously.
  • the device according to the invention is an optimal solution in terms of simplicity and low manufacturing costs with respect to traditional devices because although it allows the presence and approaching of emergency vehicles to be conveniently identified within the traffic context, it does not require or need any laborious identification of the direction of origin thereof.
  • the device according to the invention is specifically provided with means for detecting acoustic signals generated by an emergency vehicle.

Landscapes

  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
EP16182452.9A 2015-08-04 2016-08-02 Vorrichtung zur alarmierung bei sich nähernden notfallfahrzeugen Withdrawn EP3128497A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITUB2015A002855A ITUB20152855A1 (it) 2015-08-04 2015-08-04 Dispositivo per segnalare il sopraggiungere di veicoli di emergenza.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3128497A1 true EP3128497A1 (de) 2017-02-08

Family

ID=54477134

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16182452.9A Withdrawn EP3128497A1 (de) 2015-08-04 2016-08-02 Vorrichtung zur alarmierung bei sich nähernden notfallfahrzeugen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3128497A1 (de)
IT (1) ITUB20152855A1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109552328A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-02 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 一种自动避让特种车辆的控制方法及车载系统
IT202100010811A1 (it) * 2021-04-29 2022-10-29 Fausto Pasquetto Sistema di segnalazione per veicoli di primo soccorso
US11768283B2 (en) 2021-05-03 2023-09-26 Waymo Llc Sound source distance estimation
US11984026B2 (en) 2022-05-19 2024-05-14 Alert The Mechanism LLC System and method for emergency vehicle detection and alerting

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7061402B1 (en) 2003-10-09 2006-06-13 Robert Lawson Emergency vehicle warning system
US20080150755A1 (en) 2006-11-15 2008-06-26 Alice Jane Van Zandt Emergency Vehicle Indicator
EP1953727A1 (de) 2007-02-02 2008-08-06 Girolamo Buonavoglia System zur selektiven Notfallsignalisierung zwischen Fahrzeugen zur Vermeidung falscher Alarme
US20090189754A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2009-07-30 Hans Edmund Hochrein Vehicle impact warning device
DE102010022165A1 (de) 2010-05-20 2011-01-05 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung zumindest eines von einem Einsatzfahrzeug ausgehenden akustischen Sondersignals für ein Fahrzeug
GB2500569A (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-10-02 Leonard Maxwell Emergency Siren Alert System for a Vehicle
US20140071280A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Vehicle safety system using audio/visual cues

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7061402B1 (en) 2003-10-09 2006-06-13 Robert Lawson Emergency vehicle warning system
US20090189754A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2009-07-30 Hans Edmund Hochrein Vehicle impact warning device
US20080150755A1 (en) 2006-11-15 2008-06-26 Alice Jane Van Zandt Emergency Vehicle Indicator
EP1953727A1 (de) 2007-02-02 2008-08-06 Girolamo Buonavoglia System zur selektiven Notfallsignalisierung zwischen Fahrzeugen zur Vermeidung falscher Alarme
DE102010022165A1 (de) 2010-05-20 2011-01-05 Daimler Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung zumindest eines von einem Einsatzfahrzeug ausgehenden akustischen Sondersignals für ein Fahrzeug
GB2500569A (en) * 2012-02-29 2013-10-02 Leonard Maxwell Emergency Siren Alert System for a Vehicle
US20140071280A1 (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-13 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Vehicle safety system using audio/visual cues

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109552328A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-02 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 一种自动避让特种车辆的控制方法及车载系统
CN109552328B (zh) * 2018-12-26 2020-12-15 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 一种自动避让特种车辆的控制方法及车载系统
IT202100010811A1 (it) * 2021-04-29 2022-10-29 Fausto Pasquetto Sistema di segnalazione per veicoli di primo soccorso
US11768283B2 (en) 2021-05-03 2023-09-26 Waymo Llc Sound source distance estimation
US11984026B2 (en) 2022-05-19 2024-05-14 Alert The Mechanism LLC System and method for emergency vehicle detection and alerting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITUB20152855A1 (it) 2017-02-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10351148B2 (en) System and method for sound direction detection in a vehicle
CN107709079B (zh) 在车辆中使用的用于检测外部事件的系统和方法
US9042872B1 (en) In-vehicle driver cell phone detector
US8731530B1 (en) In-vehicle driver cell phone detector
US6252519B1 (en) Emergency vehicle signaling system
EP3128497A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur alarmierung bei sich nähernden notfallfahrzeugen
EP0619570A1 (de) Einsatzfahrzeugalarmanlage für Fahrzeuge
US4587522A (en) Vehicle warning system
US20150365743A1 (en) Method and apparatus for including sound from an external environment into a vehicle audio system
US4380004A (en) Emergency sound detector device
US20170303037A1 (en) Enhanced audio landscape
CN108352119B (zh) 具有车辆到车辆通信能力的用于安静车辆的增强声音生成
JP2015022453A (ja) 緊急車両報知システム
US11580853B2 (en) Method for acquiring the surrounding environment and system for acquiring the surrounding environment for a motor vehicle
JP2009075695A (ja) 危険報知装置およびシステム
CN103144598A (zh) 汽车碰撞报警方法和装置
US4209769A (en) System for producing warning signals perceivable by an automobile driver in response to remote warning sounds
US20060176190A1 (en) Emergency vehicle alert system
CN112601933A (zh) 为车辆乘员提供对语音播报的交互式反馈
JP2002245588A (ja) 緊急車両優先通過支援システム
US7646331B2 (en) Radar detector and collision avoidance system interface
JP2002240660A (ja) 車両用報知装置
KR20160112667A (ko) 2차 도로사고 방지를 위한 사고 신호장치
KR20170054714A (ko) 자동차 외부의 소음을 감지한 경고음 송출 시스템 및 그 방법
JPH11321497A (ja) 安全運転支援装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20170721

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20201210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 20210421