EP3128280B1 - Device for applying impact forces to a heating surface and method for mounting an anvil - Google Patents
Device for applying impact forces to a heating surface and method for mounting an anvil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3128280B1 EP3128280B1 EP16182753.0A EP16182753A EP3128280B1 EP 3128280 B1 EP3128280 B1 EP 3128280B1 EP 16182753 A EP16182753 A EP 16182753A EP 3128280 B1 EP3128280 B1 EP 3128280B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- anvil
- intermediate ring
- mounting portion
- manifold
- heating surface
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
- F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for introducing impact forces into a heating surface, comprising a collector and a distributor, for removing deposits on the heating surface with an anvil connected to a collector or distributor, on which the impact forces act in order to oscillate the heating surface ,
- a steam generator with steam generator heating surfaces each having a collector and distributor, known.
- deposits of ash on the heating surfaces lead to a deterioration in the heat transfer from the flue gas to the heat transfer medium.
- the deposits can - as in the EP 0 716 282 A1 - are cleaned by a mechanical impulse, which is transmitted from a striking element on an anvil connected to the heating surface.
- the anvil must be made of a material that is particularly resistant to mechanical stress and firmly connected to the heating surface.
- martensitic materials such as X20CrMoV11-1, which have a particularly high hardness, are used thus resistant to plastic deformation by the impact mechanism.
- the particular problem here is the permanent solid connection between the anvil and the heating surface or the Krempenboden on the heating surface.
- This usually consists of ferritic materials such as e.g. 16Mo3, which are very bad or not weldable with a martensitic material.
- an austenitic or ferritic-austenitic intermediate plate of a material is also welded, which is welded to both a ferritic, as well as a martensitic material. It is used, for example, in 10CrMo9-10.
- a device for the introduction of impact forces in a heating surface, in which on the front side of the collector or the distributor of the heating surface an intermediate ring for non-positive and / or positive fastening of a mounting portion of the anvil is attached.
- anvil and intermediate ring Due to the non-positive and / or positive connection between anvil and intermediate ring can be on the intermediate plate of a ferritic-austenitic material - and a cohesive connection of this with the anvil - are omitted and thus the complex heat treatment of the welds superfluous.
- the intermediate ring has a first thread (for example, an internal thread) and the attachment portion of the anvil a second thread (for example, an external thread), which engage in fastening the attachment portion to the intermediate ring.
- first thread for example, an internal thread
- second thread for example, an external thread
- the attachment portion of the anvil may also be press-fitted to the intermediate ring to provide a frictional connection.
- the length of the attachment portion is smaller than the width of the intermediate ring, whereby a gap remains between the collector / distributor side facing the mounting portion and the anvil-facing side of the collector / distributor after assembly of the anvil.
- the geometry of the brim bottom substantially corresponds to the geometry of the intermediate ring.
- the impact is transmitted through the ring in the brim floor. This is mechanically loaded only in the outer area and transfers the force directly into the pipe material of the collector / distributor of the heating surface.
- the intermediate ring is made of the same ferritic material as the heating surface in order to provide a strong, cohesive connection in the form of a weld during welding, while the anvil itself is made of another, preferably martensitic material with higher hardness than the ferritic material since this is exposed to the loads of the impact mechanism.
- the header / manifold is substantially in the shape of a cylinder, with the rotational symmetry axis of the intermediate ring being equal to the rotational symmetry axis of the header / manifold to provide directional introduction of the impact forces into the header / manifold tubing.
- a bore is provided through the intermediate ring and into the attachment portion of the anvil, in which a locking pin is hammered in the mounted state of the anvil to additionally secure the anvil against waste.
- the head portion of the anvil which absorbs the impact force can be made except in the form of a circle also as a hexagon or generally as a polygon to allow the attachment of a large wrench directly to the anvil.
- a pressure equalization bore is advantageously provided on the anvil, extending from the bottom of the Anvil extends to one of the tool holders. This hole allows a pressure equalization of the area between the brim floor and intermediate ring to the environment.
- FIG. 1 - 4 1 shows a device 1 for introducing impact forces into a heating surface 2 according to a first embodiment.
- the device comprises an anvil 3 and an intermediate ring 4.
- the anvil is preferably made of a martensitic materials such as X20CrMoV11-1 with particular hardness and has at one end a striking plate 5 for absorbing impact forces - generated by a striking mechanism, not shown - on.
- Impact mechanisms for removing deposits on heating surfaces for steam generators are known to those skilled in the art and are therefore not further discussed here.
- the striking plate 5 has according to a preferred embodiment, a circular striking surface and has lateral tool holders 5a.
- the striking plate may also be made as a hexagon or generally as a polygon to allow attaching a large jaw key directly to the anvil.
- the anvil further has at the opposite end according to the invention with the striking plate 5 integrally formed mounting portion 6 with a first thread (here external thread 6a).
- the attachment section 6 is preferably cylindrical with a radius smaller than the radius of the striking plate 5.
- the intermediate ring 4 is preferably made of the same ferritic material as the heating surface 2, whereby a welding of the intermediate ring 4 to the heating surface 2 without heat treatment is possible, and has an outer radius corresponding to the radius of the striking plate 5.
- the intermediate ring 4 has a second thread (in this case an internal thread 4b on the inside of the intermediate ring 4) which engages with the first thread on the fastening section 6 for fastening the fastening section 6 of the anvil 3 to the intermediate ring 4 serves.
- the anvil 3 is screwed by means of the internal thread 4b and the external thread 6b in the intermediate ring 4c.
- the heating surface 2 is a superheater heating surface with reversing collector 7 and another collector / distributor, not shown.
- the collector 7 is preferably a cylindrical hollow body which is closed at least at one end by a welded-on Krempenteil 8.
- the heating surface 2 further comprises tubes 10 and 11, which serve for the steam discharge or steam supply to the collector 7, as the arrows in the FIG. 2 demonstrate.
- the heating surface is preferably made of a ferritic materials such as 16Mo3.
- the assembly of the device 1 on the heating surface 2 takes place by welding the intermediate ring 4 to the brim bottom 8 (see weld 9 in FIG Fig. 2 ) and the screwing of the attachment portion 6 of the anvil 3 in the intermediate ring 4. As a result, the anvil 3 is positively connected to the intermediate ring 4.
- a firm tightening of the screw with a tightening torque of 400 Nm to 1500 Nm, preferably with 800 Nm, in addition to form the connection positively.
- the tightening torque is introduced into the anvil 3 by a tool (not shown) mounted in one of the tool holders 5a and the anvil 3 is rotated relative to the intermediate ring 4 until the desired tightening torque is reached.
- a bore 4a is introduced into the intermediate ring 4 in the radial direction in the intermediate ring 4, which extends through the thread 4b / 6b into the anvil. Subsequently, a locking pin 12 is taken in the hole and welded to the intermediate ring 4 outside. As a result, the loosening of the screw connection of anvil and intermediate ring additionally prevented by the particularly high loads when hitting the impact mechanism.
- the anvil 3 can be separated from the intermediate ring 4 at the next revision standstill. This can be done either by loosening the screw under drilling of the locking pin 12, or by cutting the anvil 3 from the intermediate ring 4.
- a new intermediate ring 4 can be welded either on the old intermediate ring or on the brim floor 8. If it is mounted on the old intermediate ring, so there is no change in the pressure part of the heating surface 2, which is particularly useful in terms of the elimination of otherwise necessary testing activities on Krempenboden 8.
- FIG. 5 first shows the aforementioned, proposed anvil attachment, in which an austenitic or ferritic-austenitic intermediate plate 13 with an anvil plate 14 and a brim bottom 8 of a collector is welded and the welds are then heat-treated consuming.
- the intermediate plate has been replaced by the intermediate ring
- the impact force is now transferred via the intermediate ring 4 in the turf bottom 8 (see Fig. 6 ).
- the Krempenteil 8 is mechanically loaded only in the outer region and transmits the force via an annular surface (see arrows 15) directly into the tube material of the collector 7 of the heating surface 2.
- the central region 16 of the Krempenteils 8 is not burdened by blows, as to the assembly of the anvil 3 a gap 17 between the Krempenboden 8 facing side of the mounting portion 6 and the anvil 3 facing side of the Krempenteils 8 remains, whereby no bending stresses in the Krempenboden 8 is introduced.
- the life of the Krempenteils 8 is significantly increased and significantly reduces the risk of damage in this area. From the FIG. 6 it can be seen that the intermediate ring 4 and turf bottom 8 are advantageously chamfered for the welding.
- a pressure compensation hole 3a is provided in the anvil 3, which extends from the bottom of the mounting portion 6 through this and up to one of the tool holders 5a.
- the bore 3a serves to equalize the pressure of the gap 17 (ie the area between the rim bottom 8 and the intermediate ring 4) to the environment. It is intended to prevent pressure build-up and associated detachment of the intermediate ring during welding and operation.
- FIG. 7 A second embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention is shown in FIG FIG. 7 shown.
- the second embodiment is different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the function of the intermediate ring 3 and of the fastening section 6 are interchanged in the attachment of the anvil to the intermediate ring.
- the attachment portion 6 of the anvil is configured as a ring with internal thread 6c, and the intermediate ring 4 has an external thread 4c. This allows screwing of the intermediate ring 4 in the anvil 3.
- the dimensions of the intermediate ring is maintained in the second embodiment over the first embodiment, while the striking plate 5 and mounting portion 6 are dimensioned correspondingly larger.
- a pressure equalization bore 3a can also be provided from the bottom of the anvil 3.
- FIG. 8 is a further, third embodiment shown, in which instead of the screw of intermediate ring 4 and mounting portion 6 a purely non-positive connection is provided as a press fit.
- a purely non-positive connection is provided as a press fit.
- the thread according to the first embodiment instead of the thread according to the first embodiment - an excess at the radius of the mounting portion 6 forming the disc is provided on the attachment portion 6 and the intermediate ring 4 is manufactured with a defined tolerance. It is also possible to manufacture the intermediate ring 4 with an undersize and the disc with a defined tolerance. In both cases, the pressing force would be the same.
- To mount the anvil 3 according to the third embodiment either the anvil 3 or the intermediate ring 4 is heated or cooled to cause a temperature difference between the anvil 3 and the intermediate ring (4).
- a conventional mobile gas burner can be used, with which the intermediate ring 4 is heated to a temperature in the range of 100 ° C - 300 ° C, whereby it expands accordingly.
- the temperature difference could also be done by cooling the anvil 3 in the unassembled state with dry ice. For this purpose, this could be embedded in dry ice and cooled, for example, to about -75 ° C. While the temperature difference exists (ie, the anvil 3 and the intermediate ring 4 have different temperatures), the fastening portions 6 are then inserted into the intermediate ring 4. Finally, the temperature difference between the anvil 3 and intermediate ring 4 is compensated, whereby anvil and intermediate ring are in press fit. Also in this embodiment, a pressure equalization hole 3a can also be provided through the attachment portion 6 to a tool holder 5a.
- a press fit for the arrangement according to the second embodiment of FIG. 7 ie, in the arrangement in which the intermediate ring is inserted into the mounting portion
- the mounting portion 6 with undersize (and the intermediate ring 4 with a defined tolerance) made or intermediate ring 4 is made with an oversize (and the mounting portion with a defined tolerance).
- the intermediate ring 4 can be cooled in the unassembled state and placed in the anvil, in which case - after temperature compensation - the intermediate ring is welded in press fit with the anvil on the Krempenteil 8.
- the intermediate ring 4 in a first step to the Krempenboden 8 are welded, heated in a second step, the anvil 3 with a burner (and thus be stretched) and then placed on the Krempenboden 8 welded intermediate ring 4, wherein after balancing the temperature difference, a drop of the anvil by the clamping force of the press fit is prevented.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von Schlagkräften in eine Heizfläche, die einen Sammler und einen Verteiler aufweist, zum Entfernen von Ablagerungen auf der Heizfläche mit einem mit Sammler oder Verteiler verbundenen Amboss, auf den die Schlagkräfte wirken, um die Heizfläche in Schwingungen zu versetzten.
Aus der
Es ist vorgeschlagen worden den Amboss am unteren Ende der Heizfläche auf dem Krempenboden des unteren Heizflächen-Sammlers zu montieren, wobei mit Krempenboden häufig das angeschweißte Abschlusselement von meist zylindrischen Druckbehältern bezeichnet wird. Durch einen Schlagimpuls in axialer Richtung des Heizflächensammlers auf den Krempenboden, bzw. des dort befestigten Ambosses, wird die gesamte Heizfläche in Schwingung versetzt, wodurch Ablagerungen wirkungsvoll beseitigt werden können. Hierbei treten aufgrund der hohen Schlagkräfte Beschleunigungen bis zum 300-fachen der Erdbeschleunigung auf.
Der Amboss muss aus den oben genannten Gründen aus einem mechanisch besonders widerstandsfähigen Material gefertigt und mit der Heizfläche fest verbunden sein. Zum Einsatz kommen hierfür insbesondere martensitische Werkstoffe wie z.B. X20CrMoV11-1, die eine besonders hohe Härte aufweisen und damit widerstandsfähig gegen plastische Verformungen durch den Schlagmechanismus sind.The invention relates to a device for introducing impact forces into a heating surface, comprising a collector and a distributor, for removing deposits on the heating surface with an anvil connected to a collector or distributor, on which the impact forces act in order to oscillate the heating surface ,
From the
It has been proposed to mount the anvil at the lower end of the heating surface on the Krempenboden of the lower heating surface collector, with Krempenboden is often referred to the welded end element of mostly cylindrical pressure vessels. By a shock pulse in the axial direction of the Heizflächensammlers on the Krempenboden, or the anvil attached there, the entire heating surface is set in vibration, whereby deposits can be effectively eliminated. Due to the high impact forces, accelerations of up to 300 times the gravitational acceleration occur.
For the reasons mentioned above, the anvil must be made of a material that is particularly resistant to mechanical stress and firmly connected to the heating surface. In particular, martensitic materials such as X20CrMoV11-1, which have a particularly high hardness, are used thus resistant to plastic deformation by the impact mechanism.
Das besondere Problem hierbei ist die dauerhaft feste Verbindung zwischen dem Amboss und der Heizfläche bzw. dem Krempenboden an der Heizfläche. Diese besteht in der Regel aus ferritischen Werkstoffen wie z.B. 16Mo3, welche sehr schlecht oder gar nicht mit einem martensitischen Werkstoff verschweißbar sind. Für die Befestigung des Ambosses wird daher zusätzlich eine austenitische oder ferritisch-austenitische Zwischenplatte aus einem Werkstoff eingeschweißt, welcher sowohl mit einem ferritischen, als auch mit einem martensitischen Werkstoff verschweißbar ist. Zum Einsatz kommt hierbei z.B. 10CrMo9-10.The particular problem here is the permanent solid connection between the anvil and the heating surface or the Krempenboden on the heating surface. This usually consists of ferritic materials such as e.g. 16Mo3, which are very bad or not weldable with a martensitic material. For the attachment of the anvil therefore an austenitic or ferritic-austenitic intermediate plate of a material is also welded, which is welded to both a ferritic, as well as a martensitic material. It is used, for example, in 10CrMo9-10.
Bei diesen komplexen Schweißkonstruktionen ist in der Regel eine besonders langwierige und aufwendige und damit teure Wärmebehandlung nötig, um eine Versprödung der Schweißnähte zu verhindern. Diese würde im Betrieb zu einem sehr schnellen Bruch der Schweißverbindung führen, wodurch sich der Amboss von der Heizfläche lösen könnte. Hierdurch entsteht die Gefahr einer Beschädigung der Heizfläche durch ein direktes Auftreffen des Schlagelementes auf die dann ungeschützte Oberfläche des Krempenbodens.In these complex welded constructions usually a particularly lengthy and expensive and thus expensive heat treatment is necessary to prevent embrittlement of the welds. In operation, this would lead to a very rapid breakage of the welded joint, which could cause the anvil to detach from the heating surface. This creates the risk of damage to the heating surface by a direct impact of the impact element on the then unprotected surface of the Krempenbodens.
Kommt es im Betrieb zu einem Abfallen des Ambosses von der Heizfläche ist es besonders schwierig einen neuen Amboss zu montieren. Aufgrund der Einbausituation der Heizflächen ist der Platz im Bereich des Ambosses sehr eingeschränkt, wodurch das Anschweißen des neuen Ambosses und die Wärmebehandlung der neuen Schweißnähte besonders schwierig sind.If, during operation, the anvil falls off the heating surface, it is particularly difficult to mount a new anvil. Due to the installation situation of the heating surfaces, the space in the region of the anvil is very limited, making the welding of the new anvil and the heat treatment of the new welds are particularly difficult.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung einen Amboss einfacher und günstiger an der Heizfläche zu befestigen und gleichzeitig die Gefahr einer Trennung von Amboss und Heizfläche zu reduzieren.It is therefore an object of the present invention to attach an anvil easier and cheaper to the heating surface and at the same time to reduce the risk of separation of anvil and heating surface.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Einleitung von Schlagkräften in eine Heizfläche gelöst, bei der an der Stirnseite des Sammlers oder des Verteilers der Heizfläche ein Zwischenring zur kraft- und/oder formschlüssigen Befestigung eines Befestigungsabschnitts des Ambosses angebracht ist.This object is achieved by a device according to the invention for the introduction of impact forces in a heating surface, in which on the front side of the collector or the distributor of the heating surface an intermediate ring for non-positive and / or positive fastening of a mounting portion of the anvil is attached.
Durch die kraft- und/oder formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Amboss und Zwischenring kann auf die Zwischenplatte aus einem ferritisch-austenitischen Werkstoff - sowie einer stoffschlüssigen Verbindung dieser mit dem Amboss - verzichtet werden und somit wird die aufwendige Wärmebehandlung der Schweißnähte überflüssig.Due to the non-positive and / or positive connection between anvil and intermediate ring can be on the intermediate plate of a ferritic-austenitic material - and a cohesive connection of this with the anvil - are omitted and thus the complex heat treatment of the welds superfluous.
Auf diese Weise kommt es zu einer deutlichen Reduzierung der Montagezeit, die für die Verbindung von Amboss und Heizfläche nötig ist. Außerdem ist es nun möglich, den Amboss während einer Revision einfach zu tauschen. Sollte er im Betrieb beschädigt werden, so kann der alte Zwischenring abgetrennt und ein neuer Zwischenring ohne weitere Wärmebehandlung angeschweißt werden. Alternativ könnte auch ein neuer Zwischenring auf den alten angeschweisst werden.In this way, there is a significant reduction in assembly time, which is necessary for the connection of anvil and heating surface. In addition, it is now possible to simply swap the anvil during a revision. Should it be damaged in operation, so the old intermediate ring can be separated and a new intermediate ring welded without further heat treatment. Alternatively, a new intermediate ring could be welded onto the old one.
Vorzugsweise weist der Zwischenring ein erstes Gewinde (zum Beispiel ein Innengewinde) und der Befestigungsabschnitt des Ambosses ein zweites Gewinde (zum Beispiel ein Aussengewinde) auf, die bei Befestigung des Befestigungsabschnitts am Zwischenring ineinander greifen. Hierdurch kann der Befestigungsabschnitt entweder in den Zwischenring eingeschraubt werden oder der Zwischenring wird in den Befestigungsabschnitt eingeschraubt.Preferably, the intermediate ring has a first thread (for example, an internal thread) and the attachment portion of the anvil a second thread (for example, an external thread), which engage in fastening the attachment portion to the intermediate ring. As a result, the fastening section can either be screwed into the intermediate ring or the intermediate ring is screwed into the fastening section.
Vorzugsweise kann der Befestigungsabschnitt des Ambosses aber auch mittels Presspassung an den Zwischenring befestigt werden, um eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung vorzusehen.Preferably, however, the attachment portion of the anvil may also be press-fitted to the intermediate ring to provide a frictional connection.
Weiterhin ist vorteilhafterweise die Länge des Befestigungsabschnitts kleiner als die Breite des Zwischenrings, wodurch nach der Montage des Ambosses ein Spalt zwischen der dem Sammler/Verteiler zugewandten Seite des Befestigungsabschnitts und der dem Amboss zugewandten Seite des Sammler/Verteilers verbleibt. Somit wird eine mechanische Entlastung des Krempenbodens beim Auftreffen des Schlagmechanismus auf den Amboss erreicht. Der zentrale Bereich des Krempenbodens wird nicht durch die Schlagkräfte belastet, wodurch auch keine Biegespannungen in den Boden eingebracht werden. Hierdurch wird dieFurthermore, advantageously, the length of the attachment portion is smaller than the width of the intermediate ring, whereby a gap remains between the collector / distributor side facing the mounting portion and the anvil-facing side of the collector / distributor after assembly of the anvil. Thus, a mechanical relief of Krempenbodens is achieved when hitting the impact mechanism on the anvil. The central area of the brim ground is not loaded by the impact forces, whereby no bending stresses are introduced into the ground. This will be the
Lebensdauer des Krempenbodens deutlich erhöht und das Risiko eines Schadens in diesem Bereich deutlich reduziertLifespan of the cramp floor increased significantly and the risk of damage in this area significantly reduced
Bevorzugterweise entspricht die Geometrie des Krempenbodens im Wesentlichen der Geometrie des Zwischenringes. Dadurch wird die Schlagkraft über den Ring in den Krempenboden übertragen. Dieser wird nur im äußeren Bereich mechanisch belastet und überträgt die Kraft direkt in das Rohrmaterial des Sammlers/Verteilers der Heizfläche.Preferably, the geometry of the brim bottom substantially corresponds to the geometry of the intermediate ring. As a result, the impact is transmitted through the ring in the brim floor. This is mechanically loaded only in the outer area and transfers the force directly into the pipe material of the collector / distributor of the heating surface.
Vorzugsweise ist der Zwischenring aus dem selben ferritischen Werkstoff wie die Heizfläche gefertigt, um beim Anschweißen eine belastbare, stoffschlüssige Verbindung in Form einer Schweißnaht vorzusehen, während der Amboss selbst aus einem anderen, bevorzugterweise martensitischen Werkstoff mit höherer Härte als der ferritische Werkstoff gefertigt ist, da dieser den Belastungen durch den Schlagmechanismus ausgesetzt ist.Preferably, the intermediate ring is made of the same ferritic material as the heating surface in order to provide a strong, cohesive connection in the form of a weld during welding, while the anvil itself is made of another, preferably martensitic material with higher hardness than the ferritic material since this is exposed to the loads of the impact mechanism.
Weiterhin hat vorteilhafterweise der Sammler/Verteiler im Wesentlichen die Form eines Zylinders, wobei die Rotationssymmetrieachse des Zwischenrings gleich ist mit der Rotationssymmetrieachse des Sammlers/Verteilers, um eine gerichtete Einleitung der Schlagkräfte in das Rohrmaterial des Sammlers/Verteilers vorzusehen.Furthermore, advantageously, the header / manifold is substantially in the shape of a cylinder, with the rotational symmetry axis of the intermediate ring being equal to the rotational symmetry axis of the header / manifold to provide directional introduction of the impact forces into the header / manifold tubing.
Vorteilhafterweise ist eine Bohrung durch den Zwischenring und in den Befestigungsabschnitt des Ambosses vorgesehen, in die im montierten Zustand des Ambosses ein Sicherungsstift eingeschlagen wird, um den Amboss zusätzlich gegen einen Abfall zu sichern.Advantageously, a bore is provided through the intermediate ring and into the attachment portion of the anvil, in which a locking pin is hammered in the mounted state of the anvil to additionally secure the anvil against waste.
Der Kopfteil des Ambosses, der die Schlagkraft aufnimmt, kann ausser in Kreisformauch als Sechskant oder allgemein als Polygon gefertigt sein, um das Ansetzen eines großen Maulschlüssels direkt am Amboss zu ermöglichen.The head portion of the anvil, which absorbs the impact force can be made except in the form of a circle also as a hexagon or generally as a polygon to allow the attachment of a large wrench directly to the anvil.
Es ist vorteilhaft den Amboss mit einer oder mehreren sich radial nach Außen erstreckende Werkzeugaufnahmen auszustatten, um bei einer Montage von Amboss und Zwischenring ein Werkzeug ansetzten zu können. Hierbei wird vorteilhafterweise am Amboss eine Druckausgleichsbohrung vorgesehen, die sich vom Boden des Ambosses bis hin zu einer der Werkzeugaufnahmen erstreckt. Diese Bohrung ermöglicht einen Druckausgleich des Bereiches zwischen Krempenboden und Zwischenring zur Umgebung.It is advantageous to equip the anvil with one or more tool receivers extending radially outwards in order to be able to attach a tool when mounting the anvil and intermediate ring. In this case, a pressure equalization bore is advantageously provided on the anvil, extending from the bottom of the Anvil extends to one of the tool holders. This hole allows a pressure equalization of the area between the brim floor and intermediate ring to the environment.
Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zum Montieren eines Ambosses für die Einleitung von Schlagkräften in eine Heizfläche an einem Sammler oder Verteiler der Heizfläche, wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
- Anbringen eines Zwischenrings an der Stirnseite des Sammlers/Verteilers;
- formschlüssiges und/oder kraftschlüssiges Montieren eines Befestigungsabschnittes des Ambosses am Zwischenring.
- Attaching an intermediate ring on the front side of the collector / distributor;
- positive and / or non-positive mounting a mounting portion of the anvil on the intermediate ring.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in Unteransprüchen definiert.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in subclaims.
Die Erfindung soll nun anhand der beigefügten Figuren erläutert werden:
- Fig. 1
- zeigt eine explodierte Seitenansicht eines Abschnitts einer Heizfläche zusammen mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform, bei der der Amboss in den Zwischenring geschraubt ist;
- Fig. 2
- zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Ausführungsform gemäß
Fig. 1 im an der Heizfläche montierten Zustand; - Fig. 3
- zeigt eine explodierte, perspektivische Strichzeichnung der Ausführungsform gemäß
Fig. 1 im nicht an der Heizfläche montierten Zustand; - Fig. 3A
- zeigt eine Detailansicht eines Ausschnitts des Zwischenrings der Ausführungsform gemäß
Fig. 1 . - Fig. 4
- zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht der Strichzeichnung gemäß
.Figur 3 - Fig. 5
- zeigt eine vorgeschlagene Verbindung von Amboss mit Heizfläche über eine Schweißkonstruktion mit ferritisch-austenitischer Zwischenplatte.
- Fig. 6
- zeigt die Krafteinleitung in den Krempenboden der Heizfläche bei montierter Vorrichtung der Ausführungsform gemäß
Fig.1 , wobei Zwischenring, Sammler und Schweissnaht als Schnitt bzw. Teilschnitt dargestellt sind. - Fig. 7
- zeigt eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei Zwischenring, Sammler und Schweissnaht als Schnitt bzw. Teilschnitt dargestellt sind und der Zwischenring in den Amboss geschraubt ist.
- Fig. 8
- zeigt eine dritte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, wobei Zwischenring, Sammler und Schweissnaht als Schnitt bzw. Teilschnitt dargestellt sind und der Amboss im Zwischenring mittels Presspassung befestigt ist.
- Fig. 1
- shows an exploded side view of a portion of a heating surface together with the device according to the invention according to a first embodiment, in which the anvil is screwed into the intermediate ring;
- Fig. 2
- shows a perspective view of the embodiment according to
Fig. 1 in the mounted on the heating surface state; - Fig. 3
- shows an exploded, perspective line drawing of the embodiment according to
Fig. 1 in the non-mounted on the heating surface state; - Fig. 3A
- shows a detailed view of a section of the intermediate ring of the embodiment according to
Fig. 1 , - Fig. 4
- shows a perspective view of the line drawing according to
FIG. 3 , - Fig. 5
- shows a proposed connection of anvil with heating surface on a welded construction with ferritic-austenitic intermediate plate.
- Fig. 6
- shows the introduction of force in the Krempenboden the heating surface with mounted device of the embodiment according to
Fig.1 , where intermediate ring, collector and weld are shown as a section or partial section. - Fig. 7
- shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein intermediate ring, collector and weld are shown as a section or partial section and the intermediate ring is screwed into the anvil.
- Fig. 8
- shows a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, wherein intermediate ring, collector and weld are shown as a section or partial section and the anvil is secured in the intermediate ring by means of press fit.
In den
Die Schlagplatte 5 hat gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsform eine kreisförmige Schlagfläche und weist seitliche Werkzeugaufnahmen 5a auf. Gemäß anderer Ausführungsformen kann die Schlagplatte aber auch als Sechskant oder allgemein als Polygon gefertigt sein, um ein Ansetzten eines großen Maulsschlüssels direkt am Amboss zu ermöglichen.The
Der Amboss weist weiterhin am gegenüberliegenden Ende erfindungsgemäß einen mit der Schlagplatte 5 einstückig ausgebildeten Befestigungsabschnitt 6 mit einem ersten Gewinde (hier Aussengewinde 6a) auf. Der Befestigungsabschnitt 6 ist bevorzugterweise zylindrisch mit einem Radius kleiner als der Radius der Schlagplatte 5.The anvil further has at the opposite end according to the invention with the
Der Zwischenring 4 ist bevorzugterweise aus demselben ferritischen Werkstoff wie die Heizfläche 2 gefertigt, wodurch ein Anschweißen des Zwischenrings 4 an die Heizfläche 2 ohne Wärmebehandlung möglich ist, und weist einen Aussenradius auf, der dem Radius des Schlagplatte 5 entspricht. Der Zwischenring 4 weist ein zweites Gewinde (hier ein Innengewinde 4b auf der Innenseite des Zwischenringes 4) auf, welches im Eingriff mit dem ersten Gewinde am Befestigungsabschnitt 6 zur Befestigung des Befestigungsabschnittes 6 des Ambosses 3 am Zwischenring 4 dient. Bei der in den
Die Heizfläche 2 ist eine Überhitzerheizfläche mit Umkehrsammler 7 und einem weiteren nicht dargestellten Sammler/Verteiler. Der Sammler 7 ist vorzugweise ein zylindrischer Hohlkörper der zumindest an einem Ende durch einen aufgeschweißten Krempenboden 8 abgeschlossen ist. Auch wenn im Folgenden die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 im Zusammenhang mit einem Sammler 7 beschrieben wird, kann die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung auch bei anderen durch Klopfen zu reinigenden Heizflächen mit Sammler/Verteiler eingesetzt werden. Die Heizfläche 2 weist weiterhin Rohre 10 und 11 auf, die zur Dampfableitung bzw. Dampfzuführung zum Sammler 7 dienen, wie die Pfeile in der
Die Montage der Vorrichtung 1 an der Heizfläche 2 erfolgt durch Anschweißen des Zwischenrings 4 an den Krempenboden 8 (siehe Schweißnaht 9 in
Bevorzugterweise erfolgt zudem ein festes Anziehen der Schraubverbindung mit einem Anzugmoment von 400 Nm bis 1500 Nm, vorzugsweise mit 800 Nm, um die Verbindung zusätzlich kraftschlüssig auszugestalten. Das Anzugmoment wird in den Amboss 3 eingebracht, indem ein Werkzeug (nicht dargestellt) in eine der Werkzeugaufnahmen 5a eingehängt und der Amboss 3 gegenüber dem Zwischenring 4 verdreht wird, bis das gewünschte Anzugmoment erreicht ist.Preferably, in addition, a firm tightening of the screw with a tightening torque of 400 Nm to 1500 Nm, preferably with 800 Nm, in addition to form the connection positively. The tightening torque is introduced into the
Nachdem das Drehmoment erreicht ist, wird eine Bohrung 4a in den Zwischenring 4 in radialer Richtung in den Zwischenring 4 eingebracht, die durch das Gewinde 4b/6b hindurch in den Amboss hinein reicht. Anschließend wird ein Sicherungsstift 12 in das Bohrloch eingeschlagen und mit dem Zwischenring 4 außen verschweißt. Hierdurch wird das Lösen der Schraubverbindung von Amboss und Zwischenring durch die besonders hohen Belastungen beim Auftreffen des Schlagmechanismus noch zusätzlich verhindert.After the torque is reached, a
Sollte während des Betriebs des Dampferzeugers der Amboss 3 beschädigt werden, so kann beim nächsten Revisionsstillstand der Amboss 3 vom Zwischenring 4 getrennt werden. Dies kann entweder durch Lösen der Schraubverbindung unter Ausbohrung des Sicherungsstiftes 12, oder durch Abschneiden des Ambosses 3 vom Zwischenring 4 erfolgen. Ein neuer Zwischenring 4 kann entweder auf den alten Zwischenring oder auf dem Krempenboden 8 angeschweißt werden. Wird er auf dem alten Zwischenring befestigt, so erfolgt keine Veränderung des Druckteils der Heizfläche 2, was besonders im Hinblick auf den Wegfall von sonst nötigen Prüftätigkeiten am Krempenboden 8 wirtschaftlich sinnvoll ist.If the
Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung der Aufgabe ergibt sich aus der mechanischen Entlastung des Krempenbodens 8 beim Auftreffen des Schlagmechanismus auf den Amboss wie es im Zusammenhang mit den
Weiterhin ist aus der
Eine zweite Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 ist in
In
Auch wenn oben die dritte Ausführungsform mit einer Presspassung für die Anordnung gemäß der ersten Ausführungsform der
Wie bei der ersten Ausführungsform, wird bei den weiteren Ausführungsformen durch Setzen einer radialen Bohrung 4a durch den Zwischenring 4 in den Befestigungsabschnitt 6 hinein (siehe
Zusammenfassend ergeben sich durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung die folgenden Vorteile:
- ∘ Verzicht auf komplizierte Schweißkonstruktion
- ∘ Keine Wärmebehandlung nötig
- ∘ Wesentlich schnellere und damit kostengünstigere Montage der Vorrichtung
- ∘ Einfache Wartung möglich, Re-Montage auf Baustelle schnell und einfach möglich
- ∘ Bei Remontage keine Veränderung am
Druckteil der Heizfläche 2 nötig - ∘ Höhere Lebensdauer als bisherige Befestigungen
∘ Die Schlagplatte 5 kann deutlich größer im Durchmesser dimensioniert werden als dieAmbossplatte 14. Hierdurch wird das Auftreffen des Schlagmechanismus erleichtert,wenn die Heizfläche 2 verschoben oder verkantet sein sollte.
- ∘ Elimination of complicated welded construction
- ∘ No heat treatment necessary
- ∘ Much faster and thus less expensive installation of the device
- ∘ Simple maintenance possible, re-assembly on site quickly and easily possible
- ∘ In the case of remontage, no change to the pressure part of
heating surface 2 is necessary - ∘ Higher service life than previous fixtures
- Schlag The
impact plate 5 can be dimensioned significantly larger in diameter than theanvil plate 14. This facilitates the impact of the impact mechanism when theheating surface 2 should be moved or tilted.
Im Folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Montieren des Ambosses 3 für die Einleitung von Schlagkräften in die Heizfläche 2 an dem Sammler oder Verteiler der Heizfläche zusammengefasst:
Anbringen des Zwischenrings 4 an der Stirnseite des Sammlers/Verteilers 7der Heizfläche 2;- formschlüssiges und/oder kraftschlüssiges Montieren des Befestigungsabschnittes 6 des Ambosses in
dem Zwischenring 4, wobei hierzu zum Beispiel entweder ein Einschrauben desmit einem Aussengewinde 6b versehenen Befestigungsabschnittes 6 in denmit einem Innengewinde 4b versehenden Zwischenring 4 oder einKühlen des Ambosses 3, Einführen des Befestigungsabschnittes 6 inden Zwischenring 4 im gekühlten Zustand und Erwärmen des Ambosses 3 in Presspassungmit dem Zwischenring 4 durchgeführt wird. Setzten der Bohrung 4a durch den Zwischenring und in den Befestigungsabschnitt hinein; undEinschlagen des Sicherungsstiftes 12.
- Attaching the
intermediate ring 4 at the end face of the collector /distributor 7 of theheating surface 2; - positive and / or non-positive mounting of the mounting
portion 6 of the anvil in theintermediate ring 4, for this purpose, for example, either a screwing in with aExternal thread 6 b provided mountingportion 6 in the provided with aninternal thread 4 bintermediate ring 4 or cooling of theanvil 3, insertion of the mountingportion 6 in theintermediate ring 4 in the cooled state and heating of theanvil 3 in interference fit with theintermediate ring 4 is performed. - Put the
bore 4a through the intermediate ring and into the mounting portion; and - Impacting the locking
pin 12.
Für den Fachmann ist ersichtlich, das obwohl gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform zunächst der Zwischenring 4 an dem Krempenboden 8 angeschweißt wird und dann der Amboss 3 kraft- und/oder formschlüssig am Zwischenring 4 befestigt wird, die Reihenfolge der Schritte auch vertauscht werden kann. So kann zum Beispiel zunächst Zwischenring 4 und Amboss 3 miteinander kraft- und/oder formschlüssig befestigt werden und der Zwischenring kann dann an seiner freiliegenden Seite am Krempenboden 8 angeschweisst werden.It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, although in accordance with a preferred embodiment, the
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- Heizflächeheating surface
- 33
- Ambossanvil
- 3a3a
- DruckausgleichsbohrungPressure compensating bore
- 44
- Zwischenringintermediate ring
- 4a4a
- Bohrungdrilling
- 4b4b
- Innengewindeinner thread
- 4c4c
- Aussengewindeexternal thread
- 55
- Schlagplatteimpact plate
- 5a5a
- Werkzeugaufnahmentool holders
- 66
- Befestigungsabschnittattachment section
- 6b6b
- Aussengewindeexternal thread
- 6c6c
- Innengewindeinner thread
- 77
- Sammlercollector
- 88th
- KrempenbodenKremp ground
- 99
- SchweißnahtWeld
- 10,1110.11
- RohreTube
- 1212
- Sicherungsstiftsafety pin
- 1313
- Zwischenplatteintermediate plate
- 1414
- Ambossplatteanvil plate
- 1515
- Kraftpfeileforce arrows
- 1616
- zentraler Bereich des Krempenbodenscentral area of the Krempenbodens
- 1717
- Spaltgap
Claims (14)
- Manifold (7) for a heating surface (2) of an anvil (3) for introducing impact forces into the heating surface (2) for removing deposits on the heating surface, wherein the impacts act on the anvil so as to oscillate the heating surface, characterized in that
an intermediate ring (4) is attached to the front face of the manifold (7) by force-fittingly and/or form-fittingly mounting a mounting portion (6) of the anvil (3),
the manifold (7) comprises a welded end base (8) at its front face and the intermediate ring (4) is welded to the front face of the end base (8). - Manifold (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate ring (4) comprises first threads (4b), and the mounting portion (6) comprises second threads (6b), which engage when the mounting portion (6) is attached to the intermediate ring (4).
- Manifold (7) according to claim 2, characterized in that the intermediate ring (4) comprises female threads (4b) and the mounting portion (6) of the anvil comprises male threads (6b), and the mounting portion (6) is screwed into the intermediate ring (4), or in that the intermediate ring (4) comprises male threads (4c) and the mounting portion (6) of the anvil comprises female threads (6c), and the intermediate ring (4) is screwed into the mounting portion (6).
- Manifold (7) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting portion (6) is attached to the intermediate ring (4) by means of an interference fit.
- Manifold (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the length of the mounting portion (6) is smaller than the width of the intermediate ring (4).
- Manifold (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the geometry of the end base (8) generally corresponds to the geometry of the intermediate ring (4) and/or that the intermediate ring (4) is made of the same ferritic material as the heating surface (2) while the anvil (3) is formed from a different material, preferably a martensitic material, having higher hardness than the ferritic material.
- Manifold (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the manifold (7) generally has the form of a cylinder and the rotational symmetry axis of the intermediate ring (4) is the same as the rotational symmetry axis as the manifold.
- Manifold (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a bore (4a) is provided through the intermediate ring and extending into the mounting portion (6) of the anvil (3), wherein a lock pin (12) is punched into the bore in a mounted condition of the anvil and/or that the anvil (3) comprises one or more tool mounts (5a) extending radially outward, wherein the anvil comprises at least one pressure compensation bore (3a) which extends from the bottom of the anvil (3) to a tool mount (5a).
- Manifold (7) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anvil (3) comprises a head portion for receiving the impact force, wherein the head portion is formed as a circle, a hexagon or a polygon.
- Method for mounting an anvil (3) for introducing impact forces into a heating surface (2) on a manifold (7) of the heating surface, characterized by attaching an intermediate ring (4) to the front face of the manifold (7) wherein the manifold (7) comprises an end base welded to the front face thereof, and wherein an intermediate ring (4) is welded to the front face of the end base (8); and
mounting a mounting portion (6) of the anvil to the intermediate ring (4) by form-fit and/or force-fit. - Method for mounting an anvil (3) according to claim 10, characterized by screwing the mounting portion (6) which comprises male threads (6b) to the intermediate ring (4) which comprises female threads (4b) or screwing the mounting portion (6) which comprises female threads (6c) into the intermediate ring (4) which comprises male threads (4c).
- Method for mounting an anvil (3) according to claim 10, characterized by heating or cooling either the anvil (3) or the intermediate ring (4) so as to provide a temperature difference between the anvil (3) and the intermediate ring (4);
inserting the mounting portion (6) into the intermediate ring (4) or inserting the intermediate ring (4) into the mounting portion (6) while the anvil and the intermediate ring have a temperature difference; and
balancing the temperature difference of the anvil and the intermediate ring as an interference fit. - Method for mounting an anvil (3) according to one of claims 10 - 12, wherein, after mounting the mounting portion (6) to the intermediate ring (4), a gap (17) remains between the side of the mounting portion (6) facing the manifold and the side of the anvil (3) facing the manifold, since the length of the mounting portion (6) is smaller than the width of the intermediate ring (4).
- Method for mounting an anvil (3) according to one of claims 10 - 13, characterized by
forming a bore (4a) in the intermediate ring (4) and in the mounting portion (6);
punching a lock pin (12) into the bore (4a).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015010307.5A DE102015010307B4 (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2015-08-07 | Apparatus for introducing impact forces into a heating surface and method for mounting an anvil |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3128280A1 EP3128280A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
EP3128280B1 true EP3128280B1 (en) | 2018-08-01 |
Family
ID=56799239
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16182753.0A Active EP3128280B1 (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2016-08-04 | Device for applying impact forces to a heating surface and method for mounting an anvil |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3128280B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015010307B4 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3128280T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI52147C (en) | 1971-08-19 | 1977-06-10 | Ahlstroem Oy | Method and apparatus for external cleaning of the boiler piping |
US4442800A (en) | 1982-05-03 | 1984-04-17 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Single drum all-welded boiler |
US5553571A (en) | 1994-12-07 | 1996-09-10 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Rappable steam generator tube bank |
US5540275A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-07-30 | Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation | Single impact rapping hammer system and method for cleaning tube units |
FI122703B (en) * | 2006-12-14 | 2012-05-31 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Shaking device for a surface that is soiled |
EP2452146B1 (en) | 2009-07-09 | 2013-04-24 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Heat exchanger |
FI122923B (en) * | 2010-11-23 | 2012-08-31 | Kamwest Oy | Percussion device for cleaning surfaces, especially heating surfaces |
-
2015
- 2015-08-07 DE DE102015010307.5A patent/DE102015010307B4/en active Active
-
2016
- 2016-08-04 EP EP16182753.0A patent/EP3128280B1/en active Active
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Also Published As
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DK3128280T3 (en) | 2018-10-22 |
EP3128280A1 (en) | 2017-02-08 |
DE102015010307A1 (en) | 2017-02-09 |
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