EP3120447A1 - Circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont - Google Patents

Circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont

Info

Publication number
EP3120447A1
EP3120447A1 EP15712050.2A EP15712050A EP3120447A1 EP 3120447 A1 EP3120447 A1 EP 3120447A1 EP 15712050 A EP15712050 A EP 15712050A EP 3120447 A1 EP3120447 A1 EP 3120447A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bridge
transistors
circuit
switching
auxiliary circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15712050.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rüdiger STAHL
Alexander Lichte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TQ Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
TQ Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TQ Systems GmbH filed Critical TQ Systems GmbH
Publication of EP3120447A1 publication Critical patent/EP3120447A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1588—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load comprising at least one synchronous rectifier element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4837—Flying capacitor converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
    • H02M1/0058—Transistor switching losses by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical circuit comprising a half-bridge having at least two transistors, a central terminal and a voltage supply, wherein at the electrical circuit by suitable switching of the at least two transistors an output voltage switchable between at least two voltage levels is adjustable against a reference potential.
  • Such half-bridges to the middle terminal of which an electrical load can be connected-preferably in series with a previously arranged inductance-are known from the state of the art in various designs and as part of various circuits.
  • You can e.g. as an up or down converter or - e.g. in the form of so-called multilevel half bridges - serve as a means for acting on the connected consumer with different voltage levels.
  • the present invention relates to electrical circuits of the type mentioned in the introduction with (at least) a multilevel half-bridge, which is designed as a so-called fly-capacitor multi-level half-bridge and is used, for example.
  • WO 2013/139430 AI is described. Said publication WO 2013/139430 A1 is therefore fully made the subject of the present disclosure.
  • the current flowing through the reversing diode current can rise in a range of several 100 A, which can result in the result in the (multilevel) half-bridge oscillations in a frequency range of up to about 100 MHz, until the energy as avalanche Effect in an "avalanche breakdown" is burned in a sense in the (field effect) transistors.
  • the maximum permissible avalanche energy of a (field effect) transistor can be exceeded, which leads to damage of the relevant transistor.
  • the maximum available output power of the (multilevel) half-bridge is thereby decisively reduced with regard to a suitable design thereof.
  • it also leads to undesirably high EMI (electromagnetic interference) and an overall significantly reduced efficiency of the (multilevel) half-bridge-containing electrical circuit.
  • EMI electromagnetic interference
  • the above problem does not only exist with (fly-capacitor) multilevel half-bridges, but also with simple half-bridges configured as two-point converters, in which the losses due to the above problem are generally so high that in practice such half bridges are used as high-end bridges.
  • the US 2012/0014150 AI shows a power factor correction circuit ("power factor correction circuit"), in which for zero-voltage switching in addition to various other components, an inductance (LZ) and a main and an auxiliary switch are provided. There, however, the inductance used for the targeted generation of a resonance is always discharged only comparatively slowly.
  • US 2001/0033507 A1 shows a three-phase "zero current transition" inverter, which also has an auxiliary circuit which is likewise not suitable for connection to a multilevel half-bridge and which generates comparatively high resonance currents, which should be avoided in the present case.
  • the electrical circuit according to the invention has an auxiliary circuit connected to the half-bridge of the half-bridge, the auxiliary circuit itself having at least two (typically relatively small) circuits.
  • the auxiliary circuit for the purpose of reducing power loss in the half-bridge is designed such that under coordinated switching of at least one transistor of the auxiliary circuit with
  • the circuit according to the invention is further adapted to cause a rapid demagnetization of one of the at least two inductors during its operation, by opening one of the transistors of the auxiliary circuit in the Inductance stored energy is transferred to the power supply.
  • auxiliary circuit designed in the above sense with a half-bridge, which may also be a multi-level half-bridge, in particular a flying-capacitor multi-level half-bridge, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention .
  • a half-bridge which may also be a multi-level half-bridge, in particular a flying-capacitor multi-level half-bridge, according to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention .
  • the circuit is set up so that, during a half-bridge-side switching operation which comprises a successive turn-off and turn-on of different transistors on the half-bridge side, a transistor of the
  • Auxiliary circuit is turned on.
  • the half-bridge or multilevel half-bridge in conjunction with an inductance at the center connection as a step-down converter, step-up converter or
  • Invert converter (“buck converter”) is operated or in connection with a transformer connected to the middle connection (transformer) as a flyback converter
  • inductive component such as. an electric motor, drives.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a
  • inventive circuit shows a second embodiment of a circuit according to the invention
  • auxiliary circuit HS provided according to the invention to a half-bridge HB designed as a two-point converter according to the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 is shown for simplification, wherein it is again emphasized that that the presently used auxiliary circuit HS is preferably suitable for use according to the invention on an ultlevel half-bridge, since the voltage design of the auxiliary circuit need only be on the order of a multilevel stage and thus the price / power ratio for the use of a Auxiliary circuit in the sense of the invention when using in multilevel topologies is even better.
  • the circuit diagram explained below is in principle very simple in that, in the case of a level change of the half-bridge, in which a first transistor is closed and a second transistor (located in the other branch of the bridge circuit) has to be opened, the switching operations in question with a time delay (de-lay) be performed, wherein during the switching operations (at least) one of the transistors of the
  • the inductance LI upstream of the consumer which in principle could also be integrated into the consumer, is magnetized out of the voltage supply U via Tl (see FIG. 4).
  • Tl the central loading phase depending on the switching frequency and duty cycle requires a period of time in the order of about ⁇ .
  • the auxiliary circuit HS does not have to be activated by switching at least one of the transistors T3 and / or T4 in this switching operation.
  • the transistors T3 and / or T4 in this switching operation.
  • Auxiliary circuit HS arranged semiconductor switch T4 to activate during the commutation, if the current current flow direction is not known exactly.
  • the additional losses resulting from this activation in the auxiliary circuit HS are kept within reasonable limits, since due to the fast
  • phase 1 which is illustrated in FIG. 6, commutation is initiated from the low side to the high side by switching on T3 and switching off T2 almost instantaneously.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates the case along two current paths
  • phase 2 the free-wheeling diode of T1 starts conducting, as illustrated by the current flows shown in FIG. If in this case the voltage at the middle terminal M of the half-bridge HB has risen to the positive potential of the highside of the half-bridge HB, then the current flow through L2 remains high since the charge of Cl is approximately equal to that of the voltage supply U of the half-bridge HB provided supply voltage corresponds. Only the current branch across LI leads to a slight demagnetization of L2.
  • phase 2 The duration of phase 2 is current-dependent and should not be chosen too long with a preferred duration of about 100 ns, since in this phase unnecessary power is supplied from the auxiliary circuit HS to the consumer.
  • the demagnetization of L2 in phase 2 is ultimately too slow to realize a fast, voltage-free switching of the transistor Tl in the range of 0 - 100% of the duty cycle. In order to achieve this, a fast demagnetization of L2 is brought about, which is realized in phase 3.
  • auxiliary circuit can also be used in a completely analogous manner for other converter types or other applications of a half-bridge, in particular for step-up converters, inverse converters (buck converters) flyback converters (“flyback Converter”), flow transducers or in connection with other consumers connected to the central connection
  • a switching device of the transistors of the auxiliary circuit can, if necessary, be completely dispensed with during the down-conversion.
  • FIGS. 12 and 13 show two further variants of an electrical circuit made of half-bridge HB and auxiliary circuit HS according to the invention, wherein, of course, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3, a multilevel half-bridge MLHB can be used.
  • capacitors can be provided in order to connect the auxiliary circuit to the (multilevel) half-bridge.
  • the remaining positions can be left free, but can also be equipped as capacity.
  • Capacitor Cl which serves as a storage capacitor, must not be designed as a conductive connection, but can be omitted if at least two of the other capacitors C2 - C6 are used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont (HB) qui possède au moins deux transistors (T1, T2), un point milieu (M) et une alimentation électrique au niveau de laquelle, par un câblage approprié des deux transistors (T1, T2) ou plus, une tension de sortie (UA) commutable entre au moins deux niveaux de tension peut être réglée par rapport à un potentiel de référence (U0). Le circuit électrique possède un circuit auxiliaire (HS) raccordé au point milieu (M) du demi-pont (HB) et celui-ci, pour sa part, possède au moins deux inductances (L2, L3), au moins deux transistors (T3, T4), au moins deux diodes (D1 - D4) et au moins deux condensateurs (C1 - C6). En vue de réduire les pertes de puissance dans le demi-pont (HB), le circuit auxiliaire (HS) est configuré de telle sorte qu'un flux de courant est généré dans le cadre d'une commutation coordonnée d'au moins un transistor (T3, T4) du circuit auxiliaire (HS) avec les opérations de commutation des transistors (T1, T2) du demi-pont (HB), lequel permet une mise hors circuit quasiment sans courant des transistors (T1, T2) du demi-pont (HB) et/ou une mise en circuit quasiment sans tension des transistors (T1, T2) du demi-pont (HB). Le circuit est conçu pour provoquer, pendant son fonctionnement, une démagnétisation rapide de l'une desdites inductances (L2, L3), l'ouverture de l'un des transistors (T3, T4) du circuit auxiliaire (HS) produisant le transfert dans l'alimentation électrique de l'énergie accumulée dans l'inductance (L2, L3).
EP15712050.2A 2014-03-18 2015-03-18 Circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont Withdrawn EP3120447A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014003732.0A DE102014003732A1 (de) 2014-03-18 2014-03-18 Elektrische Schaltung umfassend eine Halbbrücke
PCT/EP2015/000591 WO2015139836A1 (fr) 2014-03-18 2015-03-18 Circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3120447A1 true EP3120447A1 (fr) 2017-01-25

Family

ID=52737054

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15712050.2A Withdrawn EP3120447A1 (fr) 2014-03-18 2015-03-18 Circuit électrique comprenant un demi-pont

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3120447A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014003732A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015139836A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109787475B (zh) * 2019-02-01 2020-01-14 北京交通大学 基于耦合电感的两相交错电容箝位型超高增益直流变换器
CN111628639A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-04 深圳原能电器有限公司 一种恒定电流或者恒定功率输出的控制方法及充电电路

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5576943A (en) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-19 Kaman Electromagnetics Corporation Soft switched three phase inverter with staggered resonant recovery system
DE19945864A1 (de) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-26 Abb Patent Gmbh ARCP Dreipunkt- oder Mehrpunktstromrichter
US6337801B2 (en) * 1999-12-16 2002-01-08 Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. Three-phase zero-current-transition (ZCT) inverters and rectifiers with three auxiliary switches
JP2006101589A (ja) * 2004-09-28 2006-04-13 Toyota Industries Corp Ｄｃ−ｄｃコンバータ
US8829865B2 (en) * 2010-07-13 2014-09-09 General Electric Company Power factor correction efficiency improvement circuit, a converter employing the circuit and a method of manufacturing a converter
DE102012005974A1 (de) * 2012-03-23 2013-09-26 Tq-Systems Gmbh Elektrische Schaltung und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *
See also references of WO2015139836A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014003732A1 (de) 2015-09-24
WO2015139836A1 (fr) 2015-09-24

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