EP3106582A1 - Paroi pour bâtiment et procédé de montage d'une telle paroi - Google Patents

Paroi pour bâtiment et procédé de montage d'une telle paroi Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3106582A1
EP3106582A1 EP16175147.4A EP16175147A EP3106582A1 EP 3106582 A1 EP3106582 A1 EP 3106582A1 EP 16175147 A EP16175147 A EP 16175147A EP 3106582 A1 EP3106582 A1 EP 3106582A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
panels
wall
building component
building
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16175147.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frans Vandenhove
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3106582A1 publication Critical patent/EP3106582A1/fr
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
    • E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
    • E04B1/161—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, both being partially cast in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
    • E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
    • E04B1/6116—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by locking means on lateral surfaces
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7604—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only fillings for cavity walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0426—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section
    • E04C2003/0439—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by material distribution in cross section the cross-section comprising open parts and hollow parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/36—Columns; Pillars; Struts of materials not covered by groups E04C3/32 or E04C3/34; of a combination of two or more materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of walls of buildings.
  • this invention relates to a wall with building components that include a tube and projecting portions.
  • the present invention also relates to a wall, and a building that includes at least one such wall.
  • construction panels or building components that can be used for forming walls or floor panels or roofs of buildings.
  • Such building components may or may not be filled with a material to insulate thermally and/or acoustically.
  • US2007193169A1 discloses hollow building components, provided to be mounted against each other, to subsequently be filled with concrete.
  • concrete is heavy, and it is not always desirable to use concrete for every building.
  • DE842539 discloses a building component in the form of an oblong tube having a varying cross-section, and aesthetic roof structures constructed therefrom.
  • Bridges having a plurality of elements for forming an oblong tube and with projecting portions for forming a road surface are known, but a bridge is not a wall of a building.
  • an outer wall for example, a facade with bricks
  • an inner wall for example, a gyproc wall
  • the present invention provides a wall comprising at least a first and a second building component, the first and a second building component being a prefabricated building component comprising the following: a first pair of flat panels comprising a first panel and a second panel, each having a first length and a first width, which are at a first distance from each other and parallel with each other; a second pair of flat panels comprising a third panel and a fourth panel, each having a second length and a second width, which are at a second distance from each other and parallel with each other; the panels of the first pair being perpendicular to the panels of the second pair to form a first, hollow space; the four panels being interconnected by means of connecting elements; and the four panels being positioned with respect to each other such that the third and fourth panel each have a first projecting portion that projects beyond the first panel by a first distance and each have a second projecting portion that projects past the second panel by a second distance; the first and second building component being placed against each other in such a
  • such building components are particularly suitable for forming load-bearing walls, which can be attached against each other, and against which an inner wall or an outer wall can subsequently be attached, for example, by screwing them onto the 'projecting portions' and/or onto the connecting elements.
  • Such a tube may receive both rigid, beam-shaped insulating structures, as well as flat insulation structures, as well as insulation flakes or rock wool or glass wool and the like.
  • Such a tube may also be filled with a foam insulation material which is allowed to harden in the tube itself.
  • the building component may, for example, include four such connecting elements applied outside the first hollow space.
  • connecting elements extend over substantially the entire length of the relevant building component, because in this way the connection between the panels can be divided across a larger surface area.
  • connection profile thus applied can contribute to the structural strength of the building component, and therefore also of the wall.
  • connecting elements are applied over substantially the entire length, because in this way the projecting panels are clamped firmly against each other over substantially their entire length, so the risk of a building component being pulled apart or pulled out of position, and/or a connection being torn out can be reduced.
  • connecting elements are already pre-drilled or pre-punched. It is a further advantage that by means of such connecting elements, the two building components can be firmly drawn against each other, and that two projecting panel portions are clamped in between them, so that the clamped material has a total thickness equal to the double panel thickness, wherein, for example, in case of wood, a screw can easily be inserted in a transverse direction between the profiles, without the wood cracking or splintering.
  • the first width and the second width are in a ratio of at least 1.0, or at least 1.25 or at least 1.50 or at least 2.0.
  • the first and the second building component further comprise an insulation material, applied in the first hollow space.
  • This insulation material may be introduced into the first, hollow space during the production of the building components, or may be introduced in-situ, at the site where a building is constructed.
  • an insulation material such as, for example, natural insulation material such as straw bales or hemp, or cork, or artificial insulation material such as, for example, glass wool, rock wool, or rigid foam insulation boards, or EPS boards, or 'isomo' boards, or polystyrene boards, or the like, because they further lower the thermal conductivity of such a building component, and greatly improve the acoustic insulation. In this way, the thermal and acoustic insulation of a wall is containing a plurality of such panels increased.
  • the construction panel is closed by a fifth and sixth panel
  • loose insulation materials for example, non-compressed straw, or isomo flakes, or flakes of any given pre-foamed insulation material, or other insulation materials.
  • the insulation material is selected from the group consisting of: straw, glass wool, rock wool, and a pre-foamed plastic material.
  • the first and the second building component further comprise a fifth and a sixth panel for closing of the first, hollow space, the fifth and sixth panel being positioned perpendicular to the first, second, third and fourth panels.
  • the first hollow space is closed off at six sides, so that the space can be used to receive an insulation material, and so that heat transfer by convection through the tube can be avoided.
  • the seal may, but need not be, hermetic. If desired, for example, silicone or sealing strips or other means can be applied to increase the seal.
  • At least the third and fourth panel of the first and second building component are made of a material selected from the group consisting of: wood, fibreboard, plastic, MDF, composite material, plywood and OSB, or combinations thereof.
  • all panels of the building component are made from such a material.
  • the building component includes panels of one or more of such materials, since such materials can easily be drilled and/or screwed into, because they are fairly light in weight, because they are readily available in different sizes, and because such materials are not a good thermal and/or electrical conductor, and are thus suitable for forming an insulated wall.
  • the connecting elements of each building component are located outside of the first, hollow space of the relevant building component.
  • the connecting elements are wooden beams with a rectangular or square cross-section.
  • the connecting elements are L-shaped profiles, made of a metal or a metal alloy.
  • the building component may, for example, include four such wooden beams or four metal L-profiles, applied outside of the first, hollow space.
  • the L-profile may be a pleated metal strip, for example, with a 'rounding on the outside', which can be advantageous when, for example, a sealant such as silicone or a resin or the like is applied in the seam. Thanks to the rounding, the L-profile may nevertheless be securely attached with its flat portions against the panels, without disturbing the seal.
  • the L-profile can also be a rolled metal profile.
  • Suitable metals are, for example, steel, stainless steel, or aluminium, or an aluminium alloy, due to their relatively high strength, good machinability, and relatively low weight.
  • the fastening means are selected from the group consisting of: nails, staples, bolts, nuts, screws, and glue.
  • the wall further comprises an inner wall and/or an outer wall, such as, for example, a gyproc wall or a facade wall and/or floorboards and/or ceiling panels, which is/are attached to the projecting portions and/or to the connecting elements of the building components by means of nails or screws or staples or by means of glue.
  • an inner wall and/or an outer wall such as, for example, a gyproc wall or a facade wall and/or floorboards and/or ceiling panels, which is/are attached to the projecting portions and/or to the connecting elements of the building components by means of nails or screws or staples or by means of glue.
  • the wall further comprises at least one door opening or at least one window opening.
  • the present invention provides a building that comprises at least one wall according to the first aspect.
  • the building comprises at least a first wall according to the first aspect, which is positioned vertically, and at least a second wall according to the first aspect, which is in a lying or inclined position.
  • the present invention provides a method of assembling a wall of a building, the method comprising the following steps: a) providing a first and a second prefabricated building component comprising the following: a first pair of flat panels comprising a first panel and a second panel, each having a first length and a first width, which are at a first distance from each other and parallel with each other; a second pair of flat panels comprising a third panel and a fourth panel, each having a second length and a second width, which are at a second distance from each other and parallel with each other; the panels of the first pair being perpendicular to the panels of the second pair to form a first, hollow space; the four panels being interconnected by means of connecting elements; and the four panels being positioned with respect to each other such that the third and fourth panel each have a first projecting portion that projects beyond the first panel by a first distance and each have a second projecting portion that projects past the second panel by a second distance; b) the placing against each other of the
  • the method further comprises the following steps: d) providing a plurality of wall panels; e) attaching the wall panels by means of screws inserted into the projecting portions, and/or the connecting elements of the building components.
  • the present invention provides a wall comprising at least two building components, such as the building component 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the shown building component 100 comprises four flat panels or boards P1-P4, which are interconnected, and which form a tube, or in other words, which enclose a beam-shaped hollow space R1.
  • Specific to building components 100 for forming walls according to the present invention is the fact that some panels P3, P4 protrude further than the beam-shaped space, which offers very interesting advantages, as will further become apparent.
  • the building component 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first pair of parallel panels P1, P2. These panels have a length L1, width B1, thickness T1, and are at a distance d1 from each other.
  • the building component 100 also includes a second pair of parallel panels P3, P4. These panels have a length L2, width B2, thickness T2, and are at a distance d2 from each other.
  • the panels P3, P4 are perpendicular to the panels P1, P2.
  • the panel thickness of the panels P3, P4 can also be equal to those of the panels P1, P2, or different.
  • the building components may have any suitable dimensions, but for the construction, the following dimensions, for example, can be chosen, although the invention is not limited thereto:
  • the width B1 may be in the range of 0.2 m to 2.0 m, for example, in the range of 0.35 m to 1.5 m.
  • the width B1 can, for example, be approximately 35 cm, or approximately 45 cm, or approximately 70 cm, or approximately 90 cm, or approximately 120 cm, or approximately 150 cm.
  • the width B2 of the panels P3, P4 corresponds to the 'thickness' of such an upstanding wall, including the thickness of the space R2, R3, as shown in FIG. 16 .
  • the distance d1 is deliberately chosen smaller than the width B2, so that the panels P3, P4 protrude beyond the panels P1, P2.
  • the distance the panels P3, P4 project is shown as 'H1' at the top of the figure, and as 'H2' at the bottom of the figure.
  • the distance H1 and H2 may be equal to each other (indicated by the letter 'H'), or may be different, but in embodiments of the present invention, they are both different from zero.
  • H1 and H2 are in the range of 2.0 to 20.0 cm, for example, in the range of 5.0 to 15.0 cm.
  • H1 When H1 is equal to H2, it is herein further represented by 'H', and may have a value of, for example, approximately 5 cm, or approximately 8 cm, or approximately 10 cm, or approximately 12 cm, although the invention is not limited thereto, and are also possible.
  • FIG. 16 shows some of the advantages offered by the projecting portions of the panels P3, P4.
  • This figure shows a top view of a wall, and illustrates how these projecting portions define the half open spaces R2 and R3, which in this example can be used as a 'cavity wall' (on the outside of a building), and as 'stud wall' (on an inside of a building).
  • the latter can, for example, conveniently be used for applying cabling (for example, electric cables, coaxial cables, telephone cables, etc.) and/or pipes (for example, water pipes), for example, hidden behind a gyproc wall.
  • FIG. 17 is an enlargement of a portion of FIG. 16 , and shows another advantage of the projecting portions U3, U4' of the panels P3, P4', particularly if the panels are made of a material which can be screwed into, such as, for example, wood, particle board, MDF, plywood, OSB, and the like.
  • the panels P3 of the one building component and P4' of the neighbouring building component are clamped between the L-shaped profiles 11' of the one building component and 11" of the other building component, as a result of which, as it were, a wooden beam with a double panel thickness 2xT is created between the L-profiles 11', 11", which can be easily screwed into, for example, with screws 33, in particular in a transverse direction with respect to the panels P3, P4, without these panels cracking or splintering.
  • this advantage is not provided by known building components, and it is absolutely not obvious to have the panels P3, P4' protrude for this purpose, because it is a very well-known problem that the panels would crack if a screw 33 would be inserted in a direction parallel with the plane of the panel (perpendicular to the wall).
  • this problem is resolved in a surprising manner by means of the connecting elements (for example, the connection profiles 11 shown in FIG. 17 , or the connecting beams 14 in FIG. 18 ), which press the panels P3, P4' against each other, so that the problem of cracking or splintering does not occur.
  • the connecting elements ensure a solid connection between the various building components, so that the wall forms one solid whole.
  • FIG. 17 is shown with L-shaped profiles 11, it will be appreciated that the U-shaped profile 12 and the L-shaped profile 13 with rounding of FIG. 4 can also be used, with the same advantages.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a building component 200 for forming a wall according to the present invention, with the features as described above, but with different relative dimensions, in cross-sectional view, where, moreover, the inner space R1 includes an insulating material (shown shaded).
  • This can be any type of insulation material, for example, rock wool, or a pre-foamed and cured foam material, cut to appropriate size.
  • natural or organic insulation materials may also be used, such as, for example, straw or hemp.
  • 'compressed straw' for example, in the form of a so-called 'rectangular bale', is used as insulation material.
  • the dimensions of the panels P1-P4 are preferably selected according to the standard dimensions of such straw bales, for example, approximately 35 cm x 45 cm x 100 cm, or multiples of this, although this is not strictly necessary, because it is of course also possible (although more laborious) to saw a straw bale in two or more parts, and to use, for example, half a straw bale. However, a lot of time can be saved in the assembly if standard sizes are used, so that no sawing needs to be done. Alternatively, it is also possible to apply loose insulation material, for example, uncompressed straw or hemp.
  • Non-isolated building components can, for example, conveniently be used for forming a wall for a garage, or for industrial buildings (for example, a warehouse), or the like, while, insulated building components are of course better suited for walls of homes and flats.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of how the panels P1-P4 may be interconnected using connecting means.
  • the connecting means consist of connecting elements 11, for example, four or more elongated profiles, and fastening elements 21, 22, such as for example, nuts and bolts, screws, nails, staples, etc.
  • fastening elements 21, 22, such as for example, nuts and bolts, screws, nails, staples, etc.
  • four L-profiles are used, which extend along substantially the entire length of the panels, although this is not strictly necessary, and several shorter L-profiles can also be used (although one long profile is of course stronger, and therefore preferable).
  • the L-profiles have 'wings' at an angle of 90°, which are preferably the same width as the dimension 'H' by which the panels protrude, for example, an L-profile with two wings of, for example, 30 mm, or, for example, two times 40 mm, or two times 50 mm.
  • the L-profile is preferably made of a metal, or metal alloy, for example, steel or an aluminium alloy.
  • the metal profiles can be pre-drilled or pre-punched. In the example of FIG. 3 , corresponding holes were drilled through the panels (for example, wooden boards), and the openings in the panels were countersunk for receiving a bolt or screw with conical head (although this is not strictly necessary).
  • the bolt 21 can be fastened by means of a nut 22, with or without a washer (not shown), or in any other suitable manner.
  • the profile elements can also be connected to one or two panels by means of glue.
  • L-profiles are used as connecting elements, but other connecting elements can also be used, such as, for example, the connection profiles 11-13 and/or the wooden beams 14 shown in FIG. 4 (exploded view), or combinations of two or more of these connecting elements.
  • FIG. 4 four different profiles are shown in one figure for illustrative reasons, namely: a U-profile 12, an L-profile with an acute angle 11 (on the outside), an L-profile with rounded corner 13 (for example, obtained by pleating a metal strip), and a wooden or plastic beam 14 with a square or rectangular cross-section.
  • each building component for example, four L-profiles 11 or 13, or four bars 14 with a square or rectangular cross-section, and not a mix.
  • Other fasteners 21, 22 than a bolt with nut are also possible.
  • the profiles of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 can also be fixed with screws (for example, so-called wood screws), such as, for example, schematically represented in FIG. 5(a) .
  • the distance d2 between the third and fourth panel P3, P4, which are the panels with the projecting portions U3, U4, is greater than the distance d1 between the first and second panel P1, P2, for example, at least by a factor of 1.2 times greater, or at least a factor of 1.5 greater, or at least a factor of 2.0 greater, or at least a factor of 3.0 greater, or, for example, at least greater by a factor of 4.0, or even at least a factor of 5.0.
  • the reason for this is that, when such a building component is used as a wall element (see FIG. 15 and FIG.
  • the direction in which the projecting portions U3, U4 extend is the direction which is perpendicular to the 'thickness' of the building component used as a wall panel, wherein the width of the wall panel is preferably much larger than its 'thickness' (thus, preferably, B1 is greater than B2, and d2 is greater than d1).
  • the connecting elements 11-14 are all located on the outside of the tube or hollow space R1, although this is not strictly necessary, and one or more of the connecting elements may be located on the inside of the tube. Although not shown, it is also possible to provide connecting elements at particular or all edges, both inside the tube and outside the tube.
  • FIG. 5(a) to FIG. 5(i) show some examples of how four panels or boards P1-P4 can be interconnected to form a building component.
  • FIG. 5(a) and FIG. 5(b) show a first example, wherein initially in each case one beam 14 is attached to each panel, after which the panels are attached to each other for forming a building component which comprises a tube with projecting portions. It is noted that after assembly, some of these beams 14 are located on the inside of the tube, rendering a connection with bolt and nut difficult, if not impossible, at least for some of the edges.
  • a connecting element located inside the tube such as, for example, the beam 14 with a square cross-section, a screw, for example, may then be used, whether or not countersunk, which can be inserted through the panel (as shown).
  • FIG. 5(c) and FIG. 5(d) show a second example, wherein all beams 14 (but that also applies to profiles) are located outside the tube R1.
  • nuts and bolts can be used, or screws, or both.
  • Two such building components can, for example, be attached to each other in the manner as shown in FIG. 18 .
  • An advantage of such an embodiment is, for example, that the space suitable for receiving screws 33 for the attachment of, for example, a gyproc wall, is not limited to two times the panel thickness T, but is widened to 2xT + 2xD, wherein T is the thickness of the panels, and D is the thickness of the wooden beam 14.
  • FIG. 5(e) and FIG. 5(f) show the example of FIG. 3 with four L-profiles, which are located on the outside of the tube.
  • FIG. 5(g) and FIG. 5(h) show an example in which all connecting elements are located in the tube R1.
  • wooden beams with a triangular cross-section can also be used, for example, with an angle of 90° and two angles of 45° (not shown).
  • FIG. 5(i) shows an example of a building component wherein the panels P1-P4 are interconnected without the above-mentioned L- or U-profiles or beams, but by means of a slot 16 recessed in P3 and P4, the panels P1 and P2 being inserted into the slot, and the panels being attached to each other by gluing, the adhesive preferably being introduced into the slot, in a known manner.
  • a thicker thickness of the panels P3 and P4 can here be chosen than the thickness of the panels P1 and P2, for example, two times as thick, although this is not strictly necessary.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 5(i) has as an advantage that it is easier and quicker to produce, but has the disadvantage that it can fold closed easily.
  • FIG. 5(i) As well as four connecting elements, such as FIG. 5(a) to FIG. 5(h) , which basically results in the panels of the embodiments of FIG. 5(a) to FIG. 5(h) not simply being placed against each other, but connected both with a slot as well as with connecting means.
  • Embodiments such as FIG. 5(d) and FIG. 5(f) wherein all connecting elements 11 are located on the outside of the tube, or to a lesser extent, such as FIG. 5(b) , wherein some connecting elements 11 are located on the outside of the tube, are preferable, because they 1) allow two building components to be connected through the connecting elements, so that 'the projecting portion' U3, U4 is clamped between the connecting elements, 2) the connecting elements do not constitute an additional hindrance for the insulating material (if present as a solid whole, such as for example, a straw bale).
  • FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show another embodiment of a building component according to the present invention.
  • This building component comprises four panels P1, P2, P3, P4, which define a beam-shaped tube.
  • Two of these four panels P3, P4 are flat panels, for example, made of wood or fibreboard, or plastic, or MDF, or plywood, or OSB or the like. These panels have dimensions such that they project beyond the tube, having projecting portions U3 and U4. By not using a metal plate for the panels P3, P4, thermal bridges are avoided, when these panels are used for forming a wall.
  • the two other panels P1, P2 are preferably pleated metal plates, for example, cold-rolled steel sheets with a thickness in the range of 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm, preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm, for example, a thickness of 0.5 mm or 1.0 mm or 1.5 mm or 2.0 mm.
  • the panels P1, P2 of FIG. 7 are pleated over four edges at an angle of 90°, in such a way that they have a first flat portion S1a that closes the tube, a second flat portion S1b that adjoins against panel P3, a third flat portion S1c that adjoins against panel P4, and two flat flaps S1d, S1e having a width W, which are parallel to the first flat portion S1a.
  • flaps S1d, S1e can be advantageously used for the attachment of, for example, an exterior facade or a gyproc wall, for example, by stapling into it, or by shooting a screw or pin or the like into the flap, or by drilling and/or by making use of a self-drilling and self-tapping screw.
  • the metal plates P1, P2 can on both sides (left and right in the figure) have U shape, which extends over the entire length of the plate (in the depth direction of FIG. 7 ).
  • Such a building component 600 can, for example, be formed by cutting and pleating the metal plate in advance, then positioning the four panels P1, P2, P3, P4 relative to each other to form a hollow tube, if desired, temporarily and/or partially sealing one or both ends of the tube, bringing raw materials into the tube (in a known manner), and allowing them to foam.
  • the metal plate in advance, it could also be unrolled from a roll, and pleated on the spot.
  • the foam material will adhere well, for example, stick to the four panels.
  • the foam material will be polyurethane (PUR) or polyisocyanurate (PIR), but other foam insulation materials can also be used.
  • PUR polyurethane
  • PIR polyisocyanurate
  • two or more of such building components 600 can be placed next to each other, and connected to each other by making use of connecting means, for example, bolts 31 and nuts 32, for example, in a similar way as shown in FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show a variant of the building component of FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the metal plates P1, P2 each having only two edges, and a U-shaped cross-section. Comparison of FIG. 9 with FIG. 7 shows that the metal plates of the building component 800 have no 'flaps' S1d, S1e, parallel to the first wall portion S1a.
  • Multiple building components 800 can be connected to each other in the same or similar manner as shown in FIG. 17 , and the projecting portions U3, U4 can still be used as a spacer, and screws 33 can still be inserted into (for example, wooden) panels P3, P4 in a transverse direction (as shown in FIG. 17 ).
  • FIG. 10 shows an exploded view of a building component 1000 according to the present invention, the building component further comprising a fifth and sixth board or panel P5, P6 for closing the tube (in the front and rear in the figure).
  • a fifth and sixth board or panel P5, P6 for closing the tube (in the front and rear in the figure).
  • this fifth and sixth panel P5, P6 may, however, also significantly increase the structural strength of the building component, in particular by reducing the risk of collapsing.
  • These effects (the reduction of air flow and reduction of the risk of collapsing) can be further strengthened by the addition of one or more intermediate panels P7 as shown in FIG.14 .
  • partitions P7 can be applied. These partitions P7 may also be secured with L-profiles 11"' screwed against one or more of the panels P1-P4, although this is not strictly necessary. For example, if the tube is insulated with bales of straw or another solid insulation material, the partition P7 can be applied between such straw bales without attachment, and further reduce the risk of deformation (for example, collapsing) of the building component.
  • FIG. 11, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show three variants of how the building element of FIG. 10 can be closed (in these figures, only P5 is shown).
  • the fifth panel P5 has dimensions: (B1+2T) x B2 (wherein T represents the thickness of the panels).
  • the panel P5 can be attached in a similar manner (for example, with L- or U-profiles or with wooden beams) to the other panels P1-P4 (see, for example, P5 of Figure 14 , which has a frame of L-profiles, attached to the edge thereof).
  • the panel P5 has dimensions: B1 x B2.
  • FIG. 11 the fifth panel P5 has dimensions: (B1+2T) x B2 (wherein T represents the thickness of the panels).
  • the panel P5 can be attached in a similar manner (for example, with L- or U-profiles or with wooden beams) to the other panels P1-P4 (see, for example, P5 of Figure 14 , which has a frame of L-profiles
  • d1 B2 - 2xT - 2xH.
  • other embodiments than the ones shown are also possible.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 13 is generally the strongest, then that of Fig. 12 , followed by that of Fig. 11 .
  • the sixth panel P6 can be attached in a similar way as P5, although this is not strictly necessary.
  • the dimensions of P5 and P6 need not be the same, and, for example, the technique of FIG. 12 can be applied with P5, and, for example, the technique of FIG. 13 can be applied with P6. Or, for example, the technique of FIG. 13 can be applied with both P5 and P6.
  • a possible method in which such a building element can be made is as follows: for example, by connecting P2, P3 and P4 in a tub shape (as shown) as a first intermediate product; by providing P5 and P6 with four L-profiles (for example, mitre-sawed, that is, less than 45°), as a second intermediate product; by applying two profiles on P1 as a third intermediate product; by then attaching the panels P5 and P6 to the tub formed by P2, P3, P4; by then (albeit optionally) applying an insulation material in the tub; and finally attaching the panel P1 on the tub. It will be understood that the same method can be applied if other profiles, or beams 14, are used instead of L-profiles.
  • FIG.15 shows, in top view, an example of how two building elements 100 can be connected to form a wall 1500 of a building, although building elements 600 or 800 with pleated metal plates and filled with PUR can of course also be used, or a combination of building components with four wooden boards on the one hand, and building components with metal plates and PUR on the other hand.
  • the ratio of the width B1 to the width B2 is a number greater than 1.0, for example, greater than 1.2, for example, greater than 1.5, for example, at least 2.0, or at least 3.0, or at least 4.0 or at least 5.0.
  • the width B2 is approximately equal to 40 cm and the width B1 is approximately equal to 80 cm (a factor of 2), or approximately equal to 100 cm (a factor of 2.5) or approximately equal to 120 cm (a factor of 3).
  • Such building components are particularly suitable for forming load-bearing walls, which can be attached against each other, and against which an inner wall (for example, gyproc boards) or an outer wall (for example, a facade wall) can subsequently be attached, for example, by screwing them onto the 'projecting portions' and/or onto the connecting elements.
  • an inner wall for example, gyproc boards
  • an outer wall for example, a facade wall
  • a sealing agent or a sealant such as, for example, silicone or the well-known 'TEC7' or some other 'mastic' or resin can be used.
  • a sealing agent or a sealant such as, for example, silicone or the well-known 'TEC7' or some other 'mastic' or resin.
  • FIG. 16 shows how against this wall 1600, by way of example, on the one hand, a facade W1 can be attached, separated by a space R2 with air (functioning as cavity wall), and on the other hand, an inner wall W2 of, for example, 'gyproc', also separated by a space R3 with air.
  • This space R3 can moreover act as 'stud wall', into which pipes or cables or the like can be introduced.
  • FIG. 17 shows a possible connection between the various building components in more detail. Note that instead of the screws 23, nuts and bolts may be used as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the wall 1600 according to the present invention does not contain 'thermal bridges, because there is no metal which extends from wall W1 to wall W2.
  • a L-profile is indeed present, which extends in a direction perpendicular to the wall, but heat losses through such profiles can be avoided by using wood or plastic profiles for these profiles (which are perpendicular to the wall), instead of metal, for example, L-shaped fibre-reinforced plastic profiles.
  • fibre-reinforced plastic profiles can also be used for the connecting elements 11 of FIG.3 , if desired.
  • FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 show that two building components 1901, 1902 according to the present invention cannot only be mounted next to each other (parallel to each other), but can also be mounted transversely with respect to each other.
  • FIG. 19 is a side view of an upright 1901 (for example, vertical) and a lying 1902 (for example, horizontal) building component.
  • a plurality of such upright building components can be arranged next to each other and attached to each other to form an upstanding wall, and the lying building components 1902 may also be arranged next to each other and interconnected to form a floor panel.
  • the interconnection can be done in a similar manner as described above (see FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 ), as shown schematically in FIG. 20 (left).
  • FIG. 20 shows an example in perspective view of how the two mutually perpendicular building components of FIG. 19 can be connected.
  • both building components 2001, 2002 can be insulated.
  • additional reinforcements may still be provided (if necessary) in order to connect these components 2001, 2002, in any suitable manner known to the skilled person.
  • building components according to the present invention exhibit a very high mechanical strength, even when relatively thin panels are used (for example, wooden boards with a thickness in the range of 8 mm to 15 mm).
  • relatively thin panels for example, wooden boards with a thickness in the range of 8 mm to 15 mm.
  • a person skilled in the art will immediately recognise the double L-shape, and it is generally known that a single L-shape has a large bending moment, which in the structure of the building component as described herein, translates to a large extent to tensile forces and compressive forces in the connecting elements, in particular the connection profiles and/or the beams.
  • connection profiles 11-13 or connecting beams 14 also help to prevent such buckling.
  • L-profiles in particular a larger width and/or thickness of the 'wings' can be chosen in order to reduce this risk.
  • FIG.21 shows an example of a wall 2100 according to the present invention, formed by multiple building components placed next to each according to the present invention.
  • the shown wall 2100 includes building components of three different lengths: X, Y, Z. It is an advantage that the wall 2100 can be easily assembled on site, with very simple tools (see for example, FIG 17 : in principle, two open-end spanners or ring spanners or the like suffice to apply and fasten the nuts and bolts). Indeed, the holes can already be pre-drilled or punched in the connecting elements (for example, profiles or beams) and through the projecting portions (for example, wooden boards), or in the case of building components with pleated metal plates, through the segments S1b, S1c.
  • the connecting elements for example, profiles or beams
  • projecting portions for example, wooden boards
  • a window or a door opening or any other opening may be formed easily by omitting a number of building components, and/or using shorter building components. It will be understood that constructing such a wall will not require highly skilled personnel, nor will big investments be needed in terms of tools. This also makes the building components as described above very suitable for DIY' ers
  • FIG.22 shows a cross-sectional view of a building 2200, wherein building components 2201, 2202, 2203 are used, as upright building components 2201, as horizontal building components 2202 (for example, as floor component), and as inclined building components 2203 (for example, roof elements).
  • building components 2201, 2202, 2203 are used, as upright building components 2201, as horizontal building components 2202 (for example, as floor component), and as inclined building components 2203 (for example, roof elements).
  • this is just an example, and buildings with multiple floors, or only one single floor, can be built with building components according to the present invention.
  • the wall as described is also especially suited for forming a lying floor or for forming a ceiling, or for forming an inclined roof wall.
  • floor elements for example, laminated boards
  • a suitable ceiling covering or attic covering can be attached, for example, ceiling boards or gyproc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
EP16175147.4A 2015-06-18 2016-06-17 Paroi pour bâtiment et procédé de montage d'une telle paroi Withdrawn EP3106582A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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WO2018178726A3 (fr) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 Ultraframe (Uk) Limited Système de séparation modulaire

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US3960637A (en) * 1973-07-23 1976-06-01 Ostrow Paul F Composite structural member
DE3215706A1 (de) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-03 Promat Gesellschaft für moderne Werkstoffe mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Bauelement
GB2179075A (en) * 1985-08-12 1987-02-25 Permabond Adhesives Adhesively bonded structures
WO1994003687A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-17 Toshiro Suzuki Element porteur d'une poutre ou d'un pilier et section de raccord entre un pilier et une poutre
US6460309B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-10-08 Dale Schneider Beam roofing system and method
US20070107367A1 (en) * 2003-08-15 2007-05-17 Abdolghaffar Kermani Structural support beams
US20070193169A1 (en) 2003-08-25 2007-08-23 Building Solutions Pty Ltd Building panels
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE842539C (de) 1950-06-29 1952-06-26 Erwin Dipl-Ing Koeninger Leichtbautraeger oder -binder
US3960637A (en) * 1973-07-23 1976-06-01 Ostrow Paul F Composite structural member
DE3215706A1 (de) * 1982-04-28 1983-11-03 Promat Gesellschaft für moderne Werkstoffe mbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Bauelement
GB2179075A (en) * 1985-08-12 1987-02-25 Permabond Adhesives Adhesively bonded structures
WO1994003687A1 (fr) * 1992-08-07 1994-02-17 Toshiro Suzuki Element porteur d'une poutre ou d'un pilier et section de raccord entre un pilier et une poutre
US6460309B1 (en) * 2000-01-20 2002-10-08 Dale Schneider Beam roofing system and method
US20070107367A1 (en) * 2003-08-15 2007-05-17 Abdolghaffar Kermani Structural support beams
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FR3001981A1 (fr) * 2013-02-13 2014-08-15 Drouin S A R Structure en bois notamment destinee a la construction de batiments et dont l'ossature comporte des poteaux espaces par des traverses

Cited By (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018178726A3 (fr) * 2017-03-31 2018-11-08 Ultraframe (Uk) Limited Système de séparation modulaire
GB2575406A (en) * 2017-03-31 2020-01-08 Ultraframe Uk Ltd Modular partition system
CN110998040A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2020-04-10 超帧(英国)有限公司 模块化隔板
JP2020512495A (ja) * 2017-03-31 2020-04-23 ウルトラフレーム （ユーケー） リミテッド モジュール式パーティションシステム
GB2597893A (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-02-09 Ultraframe Uk Ltd Modular partition system
GB2575406B (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-03-16 Ultraframe Uk Ltd Support beam
GB2597893B (en) * 2017-03-31 2022-05-11 Ultraframe Uk Ltd Wall tie system
US11746525B2 (en) 2017-03-31 2023-09-05 Ultraframe (Uk) Limited Modular partition system

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