EP3102748B1 - Grating - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a cover grating according to the preamble of claim 1.

Cover gratings are used to cover openings in surfaces that are to be walked on and / or driven on. A significant proportion of such structures are drainage channels or shafts that serve for surface drainage. Such cover gratings must on the one hand be stable and on the other hand offer a sufficiently high drainage capacity. Other important points are the price and weight.

Another important point for cover gratings, which are located in areas used by pedestrians, is slip resistance. Problems often arise here when such cover gratings are made from sheet metal for reasons of cost and weight savings.

From the DE 1 856 722 U a cover grating is known in which mutually crossing bars made of sheet metal material have edges which are designed in the shape of a sawtooth in order to offer increased slip resistance. The load-bearing capacity of such grids is limited.

From the DE 1 659 147 A or the DE 1 966 875 U cover gratings are known in which longitudinal members with a U-shaped cross-section are mounted with their legs in slots which are located in cross members. The side members protrude over the cross members. The slip resistance of such cover gratings is not sufficient.

DE 75 09 303 U describes a grating for cattle stalls with downwardly open U-profiles, which create an enlarged step surface for cattle. The U-profiles protrude over the upper edges of the supporting and filler bars and thus enable the animals to stand safely and painlessly.

GB 210 69 48 A deals with a grating with longitudinal and transverse girders, the transverse girders being designed as V-shaped, downwardly open profiles with an upper edge. The upper edge forms a common step level with the edges of the side members.

WO 00/03104 A1 describes a grate with U-shaped profiles that are open at the bottom and support the cross members. The cross members have an upper edge that is flush with the profiles. On the upper edge of the cross member there are knobs that protrude over the U-shaped profiles.

The invention is based on the object of developing a cover grating of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that improved slip resistance is ensured with a simple construction.

This object is achieved by a cover grating for covering shafts, gutters or similar structures according to claim 1, comprising edge rails, cross members made of sheet metal sections connected to the edge rails and longitudinal members connected to the cross members. In this case, the longitudinal beams are fastened to the transverse beams in such a way that upper tread surfaces of the longitudinal beams are sunk or run flush at least with the tread sections of the upper edges of the transverse beams. This very simple construction has the effect that the tread sections of the cross members, which are in turn made from sheet metal sections, form a non-slip surface, whereby the longitudinal members can in turn be designed in such a way that there is no risk of getting stuck (e.g. with narrow heels).

The longitudinal members have U-shaped cross-sections, with their legs being fastened in the cross members. As a result, a high level of stability can be ensured while increasing the above-mentioned security against sticking of thin heels.

The edge rails preferably have slots in which the ends of the cross members are inserted. This enables a simple but stable assembly. In particular, the edge rails are designed as hollow sheet metal profiles, which saves material and weight, but is nevertheless very stable.

The cross beams have slots for receiving the legs of the longitudinal beams, these slots being designed in such a way that the legs can be inserted into these slots. Here, too, a high level of stability is achieved with simple structural measures. The ends of the crossbeams are preferably bent within the edge rails in such a way that the crossbeams are attached to the edge rails. A stable fastening can therefore be produced solely on the basis of a deformation; welding is not necessary.

The cross members preferably have stop sections in front of their ends in such a way that the ends can be inserted into the edge rails at a defined insertion depth. This results in an exact shape and dimensioning.

The edge rails preferably have support surfaces for placing on corresponding sections of the structures, and lower edges of the ends of the crossbeams are shaped in such a way that they rest on the inner surfaces of the support surfaces. This achieves a high level of load stability.

The tread sections of the cross members have sharp-edged engagement corners opposite the rounded transition areas between the legs and the tread surfaces of the side members. These are of course not so sharp-edged that injuries to people (or bicycle tires) occur, but they are "so angular" that increased slip resistance is guaranteed.

Retaining clips are preferably provided which are connected to the edge rails for fastening the cover gratings in the building. This ensures a simple but sufficiently stable installation of the cover grating on a building. The retaining clips preferably have upper spring sections with which they can be inserted under tension in openings in the edge rails and can be fixed in the edge rails, preferably in a form-fitting manner. The assembly is therefore very simple.

The edge rails also have downwardly protruding stop elements which are designed to be inserted into corresponding recesses in the structure and to prevent longitudinal displacement of the cover grating relative to the structure. These stop elements can therefore be produced very easily.

The edge rails have access openings on the outside such that the ends of the crossbeams are accessible from the outside for tools for connecting the crossbeams to the edge rails. This simple constructive measure means that the cover gratings can be produced very easily.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Abdeckrostes in einer Ansicht von schräg oben,

Fig. 2

den Abdeckrost nach Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht von schräg unten,

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf den Abdeckrost nach den Fig. 1 und 2,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht auf den Abdeckrost nach Fig. 3 entlang der Linie IV-IV aus Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

eine Ausschnittsdarstellung des Abdeckrostes nach den Fig. 1 und 2, wobei die Schnittebene entlang der Linie V-V aus Fig. 3 verläuft,

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Halteklammer, die bei dem Abdeckrost nach den Fig. 1-5 Verwendung findet, und

Fig. 7

eine Darstellung ähnlich der nach Fig. 5, wobei eine der Randschienen sowie mehrere der Längsträger und der Querträger zur besseren Verdeutlichung der konstruktiven Situation fortgelassen sind.

An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to figures. Show here

Fig. 1

a perspective illustration of a cover grating in a view obliquely from above,

Fig. 2

the cover grate Fig. 1 in an oblique view from below,

Fig. 3

a plan view of the grating after the Figs. 1 and 2 ,

Fig. 4

a view of the grating after Fig. 3 along the line IV-IV Fig. 3 ,

Fig. 5

a detail view of the grating after the Figs. 1 and 2 , where the cutting plane is made along the line VV Fig. 3 runs,

Fig. 6

a perspective view of a retaining clip that is used in the cover grate according to the Fig. 1-5 Is used, and

Fig. 7

a representation similar to that after Fig. 5 , with one of the edge rails and several of the side members and the cross member being omitted to better illustrate the structural situation.

In the following description, parts that are the same and have the same effect are denoted by the same reference numerals.

As can be seen from the figures, edge rails 10, 10 ′ are provided, which are connected to one another by cross members 20. The cross members 20 have ends 23, 23 'which are inserted into slots 11 of the edge rails 10, 10'.

The cross members 20 in turn have slots 24 into which legs 32, 32 'of longitudinal members 30 are pressed, which have a U-shaped cross section (like an inverted U).

Step sections 21, which are sections of the upper edge 22 of each cross member, protrude over upper tread surfaces 31 of the longitudinal members, as shown in particular in FIG Fig. 4 you can see. This ensures that the cross members 20 or their upper edges 22 with the step sections 21 form a very non-slip surface of the cover grating. On the other hand, it is ensured by the longitudinal beams 30 or their upper treads 31 that even with very narrow steps a "break-in" into the drainage openings can hardly happen.

The cross members 20 also have engagement corners 27 on the tread sections 21 protruding upward between each two longitudinal members, which even if the tread sections 21 run essentially flush with the upper tread surfaces 31 of the longitudinal members 30, still show a slip-inhibiting effect, since the legs 32, 32 'are rounded in their transition areas 33, 33' to the upper step surface 31 and thus a certain cavity is formed into which an elastic shoe sole can penetrate and "hang up" with the engagement corners 27.

As already mentioned above, the ends 23, 23 'of the cross members 20 are inserted into the slots 11 of the edge rails 10, 10'. These edge rails 10, 10 'are in turn bent as a partially closed hollow body in such a way that a lower bearing surface 12 is formed with which the edge rails 10, 10' rest on the structure (there on a frame). Inner surfaces 13 are formed opposite these bearing surfaces 12 in the interior of the edge rail 10, 10 ', on which, in the assembled state, lower edges 26 of the cross members 20 or the ends 23, 23 'of which rest. This guarantees maximum stability.

The edge rails 10, 10 'have access openings 16, 16' on the outside, via which the ends 23, 23 'of the cross members 20 can be bent by means of a tool in such a way that the cross members 20 are fastened in the edge rails 10, 10'. A further contributing factor to this is that the cross members 20 have stop sections 25 with which the cross members 10, 10 'stand up at the edges of the slots 11, so that when the ends 23, 23' are bent, the cross members 20 are seated without wobbling in the edge rails 10 , 10 'is guaranteed.

Furthermore, the edge rails 10, 10 'have openings 14 (see Fig. 7 ), into which retaining clips 40 with upper spring sections 41 can be used, each of which has an engaging projection 43. The engagement projection 43 inserts into corresponding recesses in the edge rails 10, 10 'so that the retaining clip 40 can be inserted into the edge rail 10, 10' or its opening 14 and levered in until it snaps into place.

In the mounted position, a clamping section 42 then protrudes downward from the edge rail 10, 10 ', which is designed so that it either hangs on a wall of the building or in an opening provided there and attaches the cover grating to the building.

The edge rails 10, 10 'also have stop elements 15, see FIG Fig. 2 , 3 and 4 which engage in corresponding recesses in the structure so that longitudinal displacement of the grate on the structure can be reliably prevented.

List of reference symbols

10, 10 '

Edge rail

11

Slots

12th

Support surface

13th

Inner surface

14th

opening

15th

Stop element

16, 16 '

Access opening

20th

Cross member

21

Step section

22nd

Top edge

23, 23 '

end

24

slot

25th

Stop section

26th

Lower edge

27

Engagement corner

30th

Side member

31

Upper step

32, 32 '

leg

33, 33 '

Transition area

40

Retaining clip

41

Spring section

42

Clamping section

43

Engagement lead

Claims (12)

1. A grating for covering shafts or gutters, comprising

   • edge rails (10, 10'),

   • cross girders (20) of sheet metal portions and connected to the edge rails (10, 10'),

   • longitudinal girders (30) connected to the cross girders (20) and including U-shaped cross sections having upper tread surfaces (31) and legs (32, 32') attached within the cross girders (20),

   characterized in that
   the longitudinal girders (30) are attached to the cross girders (20) such that the upper tread surfaces (31) of the longitudinal girders (30) extend to tread portions (21) of upper edges (22) of the cross girders (20) to be recessed, these tread portions (21) thus protruding upwards above the tread surfaces (31).
2. The grating according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the edge rails (10, 10') have slots (11), in the ends (23, 23') of which the cross girders (20) are inserted.
3. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the edge rails (10, 10') are formed as hollow profiles of sheet metal.
4. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the ends (23, 23') of the cross girders (20) are bent inside the edge rails (10, 10') such that the cross girders (20) are attached to the edge rails (10, 10').
5. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 2,
   characterized in that
   the cross girders (20) include abutment portions (25) before the ends (23, 23') such that the ends (23, 23') are insertable into the edge rails (10, 10') in a defined insertion depth.
6. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the cross girders (20) include slots (24) for receiving the legs (32, 32') of the longitudinal girders (30) and the legs (32, 32') are pressed into these slots (24).
7. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3,
   characterized in that
   the edge rails (10, 10') include supporting surfaces (12) for being placed onto corresponding portions of buildings, and lower edges (26) of the ends (23, 23') of the cross girders (20) are placed upon inner surfaces (13) of the supporting surfaces (12).
8. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the tread portions (21) of the cross girders (20) include, opposite rounded transition areas (33, 33') between the legs (32, 32') and the tread surfaces (31) of the longitudinal girders (30), sharp-edged engagement corners (27).
9. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   holding brackets (40) connected to the edge rails (10, 10') for attaching the gratings in a building.
10. The grating according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the holding brackets (40) include upper spring portions (41), by means of which they are insertable under tension into openings (14) of the edge rails (10, 10') and are fixable in the edge rails (10, 10') preferably in a form-fit manner.
11. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the edge rails (10, 10') include stop elements (15) projecting downward which are formed for being inserted into corresponding recesses in a building, and for preventing the grating from being longitudinally shifted with respect to the building.
12. The grating according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the edge rails (10, 10') include access openings (16, 16') on the outer side such that the ends (23, 23') of the cross girders (20) are accessible from the outside for tools for connecting the cross girders (20) to the edge rails (10, 10').

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