WO2002035141A1

WO2002035141A1 - Inter-locking grating

Info

Publication number: WO2002035141A1
Application number: PCT/SG2001/000222
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yeow Kiang Tan
Original assignee: Covington Pte Ltd.
Priority date: 2000-10-25
Filing date: 2001-10-19
Publication date: 2002-05-02
Also published as: AU2002211198A1

Abstract

An inter-locking grating suitable for decks, platforms, walkways and trench covers, gratings etc. The grating is comprised of 3 components; (a) longitudinal load bearing member (A), (b) cross-grooved cross member (B), (c) longitudinally-slotted cross member (C). The load bearing member has holes through the web or mid region, these holes being longitudinally spaced. The two cross members are inserted through these holes in sequentiyl order. The cross-grooved cross member (B) is inserted first, with the cross-grooves fitting into or engaging the web or walls of the load bearing member (A). The grooves engaging against the web or wal thus provide lateral restraint. The longitudinally-slotted cross member (C) is inserted next, the longitudinal slot engaging the profile, opposite the grooves, of the cross-grooved member (B). This then forces the grooves of (B) to be forced up into inter-locking engagement with the web or walls of (A), thus preventing (B) moving laterally. The whole assembly is thus a modular inter-locked assembly, without the need for fasteners or welding.

Description

Title : Inter-locking Grating

Technical field

This invention relates to a design whereby the Gratings are made of hollow section bars and are assembled by means of inter-locking and tightening them together without the need for welding.

BACK GROUND ART

Although decks, platforms, walkways, trench covers and like construction constitutes a well known art stemming from ancient history that is now centuries old, there is never ending demand to develop new means of technology, and in particular, as the world enter into a new millenium.

Welding of structure member has been common places in recent time regardless of whether deck or like structure was in an open nature or enclosed area. Of more recent time there are also new technology of using hot and cold hydraulic press lock to forge the steel bars to be welded together. However the conventional welded grids method are more widely used in the market.

Most aforesaid decks are constructed with grids-like forms, and in particular, when an open grating deck is reviewed, it is seen that it constitutes narrow strips of main load bearing and twisted cross bar which are joined together by a variety of welds to optimize the deck or grating strength.

Welding has been and remains a standard or usual means of assembling grids and decks or alike material as the structural components therein must be held tightly together.

Such grating are normally made of heavy material like galvanized steel and stainless steel, which by their heavy nature has added a lot of weight onto the already heavy building structure of the project. Such weight will further burden the strong foundation and supporting structure to be built to withstand the conventional galvanized steel grating. This often comes with heavy material and construction cost to the customer.

In open space deck galvanized steel gating are used for their anti-corrosive function. And in the manufacturing process of such galvanized steel grating, a series of process that is, firstly the welded steel grating will go through a degreasing process, then pickling, then fluxing and lastly hot dip galvanizing. The whole procedure is a very toxic process which are very harmful to human and the waste of such chemical used are also very harmful to the environment.

Thus, structural and civil engineers, contractors, oil companies, power plants, shipyards and ultimately, the end user and the public in general can and will appreciate advance technology. Which accomplish maximum structural strength which at the same time possess a great number of beneficial features, which we will elaborate later in this application, that has a simple inter-locking design that accomplishes maximum economic of scale.

Today, and predictably into the future, the demands and concerns for lighter weight material for construction project for decks and the like gratings which have high strength capability, optimization of case to assemble, compact to transport, low cost to manufacture, low cost to assemble and uses less labor.

It is noted that the prior art of such structures and gratings involves construction of welded grating which require various labor steps and procedures to manufacture and assemble such grating.

The inventions presented in this application meets the criteria of modern and future times enabling a grating system that are cheaper, stronger, lighter, border-less, easy to install, good non-slip surface, non-corrosive material, no wastage of material in assembling, no lead time for customer to wait and many more functions. That is good for usage in decks, platforms, walkways, trench covers and other like usage.

Disclosure of Invention

It is therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a hollow section inter-locking grating system good for decks and alike usage that represents a substantial improvement over prior art with capacity to be strongly inter-locked with minimal assemblage at the production mill and work site.

1 Cheaper start up cost

The extrusion manufacturing process requires only 3 pieces of die to extrude all the components that is required to assemble the interlocking grating.

This invention only requires the manufacturer to have a circular saw, drilling and tapping machine and a smaller space to produce and store the components.

Unlike the conventional galvanized steel grating, the manufacturer need to have a large space to produce and store the gratings. And also need to having many welding machines, steel cutter, over head cranes, chemical tanks and a lot of laborers to produce such gratings.

Thus, this invention has a vast difference start up cost comparing to conventional galvanized steel gratings. 2 Simple manufacturing process

This invention provides a very simple manufacturing process to manufacture the 3 main components. That is (1) the hollow section Load Bearing bars as shown in figure 2 item A, (2) the hollow section Cross-Ribs bar as shown in figure 2 item B and (3) the hollow section Cross-Slot bar as shown in figure 2 item C.

These 3 components are manufactured by means of extrusion with technology that are readily available in most countries.

Besides the extrusion, machining are require on the hollow section Cross-Rib bar and drilling of holes on the side of the Load Bearing bar and tapping threaded holes at the Cross-Rib bar and Cross-Slot bar is a simple process. Which, junior technicians in a workshop can perform such task. These process too, are carried out by using simple machinery easily available in most countries.

3 Non toxic manufacturing process

This invention is carried out in a most environment friendly manner without having to go through any toxic chemical process at all. Unlike the conventional galvanized steel grating which goes through a numerous chemical process like, degreasing, pickling, fluxing and hot dip galvanizing whereby the chemical waste are toxic and often difficult to disposed. 4 Easy to assemble

This invention provides a simple method to assemble the gratings. The reference can be seen in figure 1 showing step 1 and figure 2 showing step 2 of the assembly of the grating.

Step 1 as illustrated in figure 1 shows, the Load Bearing bars which has holes on the side are made readily for the Cross-Rib bar to be inserted at right angle that provides lateral restraint. The Cross-Ribs has grooves on its top to fit in the Load Bearing bar and

Step 2 as illustrated in figure 2 shows a Cross-Slot bar is pushed into the hole slotting the lower part of the Cross-Rib bar forming a complete inter-locking grating. The Cross-Rib bar and the Cross-Slot bar are than held tightly together by tightening with a bolt shown here in item D.

People need not be highly trained or have welding skill for such assembly. Any ordinary people can perform this assembly job.

5 No heavy tools required

Another great advantage of this invention is that during the assembly process of this grating, one need not have to possess heavy equipment at site such as welding sets, power generator sets and oxy cutters as in the case of conventional galvanized steel grating. The assembly of this invention only requires you to have a small cutter such as hack saw or a small circular saw and a Alan key or a small screwdriver which are very handy, small and light to work with.

6 Provides a border-less inter-locking system

This invention provides a design in such that the grating can be extended through its inter-locking concepts in 4 direction that is, north, south, east and west.

This has provided a great advantage to customers whereby he can install this grating to any shape and size of the required deck and alike. This grating can take odd shape decks, round corners, narrow strips; wide areas or whatever space that is required and is a system the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer.

This border-less inter-locking concept can also provide customer for future expansion without having to do any welding.

7 No wastage of material

This invention provides an advantage that there will not be any wastage of material used in an assembly of this grating system. The 3 main components that is, the Load Bearing bar, the Cross-Rib bar and the Cross-Slot bar comes in a longitudinal length and what ever may be cut off the length can be used for the continuation of the interlocking system without having to throw it away.

Thus there is no wastage at all unlike the convention galvanized steel grating whereby it is shipped to the site at standard measurement and what ever cut off that piece are of no use and are normally consider as wastage.

8 Easy to transport

This invention has a great advantage that the grating can be easily transported to the work site. The 3 main components that is, the Load Bearing bars, Cross-Rib bars and Cross-Slot bars come in strips of longitudinal length. They can be strap-up compactly in bundles and be transported to site saving a lot of transport cost.

Unlike the conventional galvanized steel grating which are pre-welded at the production mill and the completed steel grating are transported to site in big squares and rectangular shape to site. Thus it takes a lot of space and basically they are transporting at lot of air space which contributed substantially to the transport cost. 9 No lead time required

In this invention it provides an advantage that a customer do not have to wait for a production lead time for his gratings. This invention are made-up of main of 3 main components which are made available in abundance and when ever a customer requires this kind of gratings, the components can be shipped out to him immediately.

Unlike the conventional steel grating whereby a lead-time is required by the manufacturer to produce the galvanized steel grating to the specific sizes required by their customers. This often up-set a project where the customers have a tight building schedule.

10 Multiple selection

It is envisage by the inventor to design this grating in such a manner that a customer is allow to have a multiple selection of grating that takes different load on his deck or alike.

The invention of this grating is that the components are designed with holes and groves at various distant for inter-locking to take different load. This provides customers with a choice of selections.

A customer also did not fear he made a mistake in his earlier load configuration on his deck. This inter-locking system can be easily re- fixed without having to damage the gratings at all. A feature the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer.

11 Suitable for narrow and wide span

This invention also provides the flexibility of having to suit a narrow or wide span. The 3 main components that is, the Load Bearing bars, Cross-Rib bars and Cross-Slot bars are made readily in longitudinal strips. It than can be easily cut to the required length to suit the specific span so desire by the customer. A feature the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer.

12 Provides many selection of Load Bearing bar

It is envisage by the inventor to create a large selection of choice of Load Bearing bar for the customer to chose from. The Load Bearing bar can be off rectangular shape, "T"- shape or "I"-shape. Such example can be referred to figure 6.

Such offer of various design provides a preference of choice for customer to chose and it may for certain functional reason the customer will choice a most suitable Load Bearing design (shape) to optimize the usage of the grating for his decks and alike.

A feature again the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer. 13 Flexibility to install at site

It is also envisage by the inventor to design this grating to allow the customer the flexibility to install the grating at site easily. This inter -locking system provides the installer at the site to assess the real on site situation so he could install the gratings, fitting them nicely to the shape of the deck or alike.

One will highly appreciate if the gratings are to be fitted in a round shape and in small corners. This invention can provide a perfect fit in such situations.

Having the flexibility to install at site too will provide easy handling for the installer to perform such a job. He then does not have to carry heavy equipment and tools which as mentioned in item 5 above.

At the same time having this flexibility too eliminates all wastage as described in item 7 above.

Having the flexibility to install at site too provides a customer to make changes to the selection of load inter-locking configuration in accordance to the changes that he may have at the site from time to time. 14 Material can be savage for re-location

This invention provides the customer to savage every piece of material in the inter-locking system for re-location if so desire by the customer. Further to this the other advantage is that the intended relocation new site can be of other shapes and sizes and yet all the savaged material can be re-use in the new site.

Another advantage the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer.

15 Light in weight

It is envisage by the inventor to design the grating that are made off light- weight material and at the same time, able to take the heavy load. This will surely be appreciated by the civil engineers, who are able to see the saving of the supporting structure and cost this system can achieve.

One such place where weight is the up-most concern when deciding the weight of the grating is the of shore oil rigs. 16 Non- corrosive

This invention provides the material used in the components in this inter-locking grating system are made of material that has non -corrosive properties. One such material is aluminium alloy.

Other material can be considered for such application, are plastic, brass, copper, composite, tin and etc.

With this invention, the world can be a better place to live in for it do not have to go through those toxic chemical process carried out in the case of conventional galvanized steel gratings as mentioned in item 3 above.

17 Broader surface to step on

It is envisage by the inventor to design a broader surface area to step on which make it easier on our foot and comfortable to balance ourselves. Unlike the conventional galvanized steel gratings, which offer only a small and narrow strip to step on.

18 Better non-slip function

It is also envisage by the inventor to design a better non-slip surface that reduces accident on the deck and alike. So with this invention it is able to provide that extra feature which the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot provide.

One will certainly appreciate a better non-slip grating that eliminates unnecessary accidents that will caused the management sleepless nights with the safety authorities.

19 Fire resistance

An example of the material such as aluminium alloy used in this invention is resistance to fire. Critical to places where fire is extremely hazardous. A few examples of such places that will appreciate this feature are the oilrigs, petrol chemical plants, power stations and industrial chemical factories.

20 Strong Grating

It is the desire of the inventor to design this grating system in such a manner that the Load Bearing bars has strong design in the hollow section that provides the strength to take on heavy loads.

Within the hollow section, this invention provides the freedom to cater for heavy load by creating cross axle design as well as having the wall of the Load Bearing bar to be made thicker if there is a requirement to take a heavier load. Some example of this can be referred to figure 6 21 Durable gratings

It is also the desirous of the inventor to design the grating to be manufactured by material that are durable and can withstand all weather and at same time last for many years.

In this invention such material with this kind of durable properties used are like aluminium alloy, heavy-duty plastic and other alike material are preferred.

22 Provides selection of colors

This invention is able to provides a choice of material used. And for this reason one will certainly appreciate the freedom of selection of color for their gratings on their decks and alike.

Material such as aluminium alloy and plastic used in this invention are able to provide endless choice of colors.

23 Freedom of selection of material

This invention also provides the customer the freedom to select the type of material used for their grating on his decks. One will certainly appreciate that this invention allows the customer to choose a weather proof material like aluminium alloy for his open decks and alike and at the same time uses plastic for his deck in an enclosed area.

Or he can also have other choice like combining the aluminium alloy and plastic for some reasons that provide the advantage like lighter or having color boundaries for his decks.

An advantage the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer at all.

24 All material can be re-cycled

All material used in this invent provides that they are to be able to be re-cycled. Material used in this invention such as aluminum alloy and plastic can is easily be re-cycled and make this world a better place.

25 Double-up as conduit pipes

The hollow section bars used in this inter-locking grating system can be used as conduit pipes to double-up as trunks for wire or optic cables.

An advantage the conventional galvanized steel grating cannot offer at all BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Further aspect of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, which is given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Figure 1 illustrate a preferred example of step 1 of assembly of a hollow section inter-locking grating system in accordance with the invention for usage in decks, platforms, walk ways, trench covers and alike.

Figure 1 item A shows an example of a few pieces of hollow section Load Bearing bars all placed in parallel one along another.

Figure 1 illustrate the first step in assembling the hollow section interlocking grating whereby item B shows an example of a piece of hollow section Cross-Rib bar about to be inserted into the holes at the side of the Load Bearing bars at right angle.

Figure 2 illustrate the preferred example of step 2 in assembling of a hollow section inter-locking grating system in accordance with the invention. Whereby item C shows an example of a piece of hollow section Cross-Slot bar is about to be slotted (pushed) into the hole of the Load Bearing bars, also at right angle which at the same time holds and support the Cross-Rib bar which have been inserted in earlier. Figure 2 also illustrate the final assembly of the hollow section interlocking grating system by tightening the Cross-Rib bar and the Round-Slot bar by mean of using bolt as shown here in item D.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of an example of a complete assembly of a rectangular hollow section inter-locking grating.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of an example of a complete assembly of a "I" hollows section inter-locking grating.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of an example of a piece of hollow section Load Bearing bar.

Figure 5 item A shows an example of the hollow section in a Load Bearing bar.

Figure 5 item B shows the holes that are pre-drilled / punched at the side of the Load Bearing bar

Figure 5 item C shows the thickness of the Load Bearing bar

Figure 5 item D shows the width of the Load Bearing bar

Figure 5 item E shows the height of the Load Bearing bar

Figure 5 item F shows the anti-slip longitudinal waves line on top surface of the Load Bearing bar. Figure 6 item A, B, C, D, E & F illustrate some example of the cross section of a rectangular shape hollow section Load Bearing bar

Figure 6 item G, H, I, J, K & L illustrate some example of the cross section of a "I" & "T" shape hollow section Load Bearing bar

Figure 7 is a perspective view of an example of the hollow section Cross-Rib bar.

Figure 7 item A shows the width of the pitch of the Cross-Rib bar.

Figure 7 item B show the length of the top surface of the Cross-Rib

Figure 7 item C show the width of the top surface of the Cross-Rib

Figure 7 item D shows the cross section of a hollow section of the Cross-Rib bar.

Figure 7 item E shows the threaded holes on the Cross-Rib bar

Figure 7 item F shows the anti-slip longitudinal wave lines on top of the Cross-Rib bar.

Figure 8 item A, B, C, D, E, F, G & H illustrate some example of the cross section of the hollow section Cross-Rib bar.

Figure 9 is a perspective view of an example of the Cross-Slot bar. Figure 9 item A shows the diameter of the Cross-Slot bar.

Figure 9 item B shows the width of the slot in the Cross-Slot bar.

Figure 9 item C shows the height of the slot in the Cross-Slot bar.

Figure 9 item D shows the threaded holes on the Cross-Slot bar.

Figure 10 item A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, illustrate some example of the cross section of the hollow section Cross-Slot bar.

BEST MODES FOR CARRYING OUT THE

INVENTIONS

The hollow section inter-locking grating has been designed to have a substantially constant cross-section to readily allow the component to be extruded.

The extrusion provides the flexibility to cut at any desired length. This process can be easily carried out by using a circular saw or hack saw.

It can be seen that the hollow section inter-locking grating has minimal additional machining, namely the groove on the Cross-Rib bar. This process can be done easily on a milling machine

The hollow section inter-locking grating has been constructed to provide a number of inter-locking joint at constant interval distance, which enable the components to be inserted and be slot in together by the slot design arrangement. These are tighten together by mean of screws, bolts or bolts and nuts

Aspect of the present invention have been described by way of example only and it should be appreciated that modification and additional may be made thereto without departing the scope as define in appended claims.

Claims

THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE: -

1 A hollow section inter-locking grating system held together by bolts without the need of welding comprising of :-

A hollow section bar of longitudinal length extending primary as Load Bearing bar component. Said Load Bearing bar have a reasonable top surface area, which has small longitudinal wave lines, which act as a non-slip function.

Said Load Bearing bar has pre-drilled / punched holes at the side of the bar at a constant interval distance. These holes are made readily for the Cross-Rib bar and Cross-Slot bar to be inserted and slot in at right angle to form the cross pitch of the grating system.

A hollow section bar of longitudinal length extending side way at right angle against the primary Load Bearing bar as the secondary Cross-Rib bar component. Said Cross-Rib bar also has reasonable top surface area, which has small longitudinal wave lines, which also act as a non-slip function.

Said Cross-Rib bar has pre-machined grooves on the upper part of the bar at a constant distance. These grooves are made readily to fit the Load Bearing bars to create the bearing pitch on the grating. The Cross-Rib bar has a uniform inter-locking slot design made readily for the Cross-Slot bar to be slotted into the inter-locking system.

The said Cross-Rib bar also has pre threaded holes made readily for the bolts or screws to tighten this Cross-Rib bar and the Cross-Slot bar together.

A hollow section Cross-Slot bar of a longitudinal length extending at right angle against the Load Bearing bar act as the third component.

The said Cross-Slot bar has an uniform inter-locking slot-in design at the upper part of the Cross-Slot bar made readily to slot into the lower part of the Cross-Rib bar and into the hole pf the Load Bearing bars.

The said Cross-Slot bar also has pre-threaded holes at constant interval distance made readily to be bolted or screwed to tighten the Cross-Rib bar and Cross-Slot bar.

2 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the; saJ hollow section Load Bearing bar are designed in rectangular or "I", and "T" shapes. Such example can be referred to figur -6.

3 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can be designed in various shapes and designs. Such example can be referred to figure 6.

4 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar may have more than 1 hollow section. Such example can be referred in figure 5 item A and item A, B, C, F, K and L in figure 6.

5 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can be manufactured at any length. Such example can be referred in figure 5

6 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can have holes at the side which determine the cross pitch, be of any distance so desire by the maker of the grating system. Such example can be referred in figure 5 item B

7 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can be of any wall thickness. Such example can he referred in figure 5 item C and also all items in figure 6.

8 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1 , whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can be of any width.

can be referred in figure 5 item D and also all items in figure 6. 9 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar can be of any height. Such example can be referred in figure 5 item E and also all items in figure 6

10 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Load Bearing bar top surface has longitudinal wave lines. Such example can be referred in figure 5 item F and also all items in figure 6.

11 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, where in said the hollow section Cross-Rib bar are made of a shape whereby the top has a larger mass than the bottom. Such example can be referred to figure 7 and also all items in figure 8

12 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can be designed in various shapes and sizes. Such example can be referred to all items shown in figure 8.

13 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, where in said the hollow section Cross-Rib bar has interlocking design at the lower part made readily to slot by the Cross-Slot bar. Such example can be referred to all items as shown in figure 8.

14 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar may have more than 1 hollow section. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item G and item A, C, D, E, F, G and H in figure 8.

15 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1 , whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can be manufactured at any length. Such example can be referred in figure 7.

16 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can have grooves as referred in Figure 7 item A which determine the bearing pitch, be of any length so desire by the maker of the grating system.

17 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can have different length on the top surface as referred in Figure 7 item B.

Which determines the bearing pitch, can be of any length so desire by the maker of the grating system.

18 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can be of any wall thickness. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item H and also all items in figure 8.

19 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can be of any width. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item C and all items in figure 8. 20 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar can be of any height. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item D and also all items in figure 8.

21 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Rib bar have a top surface that has longitudinal wave lines. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item F and also all items in figure 8.

22 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross Rib bar had pre threaded holes at constant distance. Such example can be referred in figure 7 item E.

23 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar is of round or semi-round or square or semi-square shapes. Such example can be referred to figure 9 and all also items in figure 10.

24 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar can be designed in various shapes and sizes. Such example can be referred to all the items as shown in figure 10. 25 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar may have more than 1 hollow section. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item E and item A, C, D, E, F, g, H and I in figure 10.

26 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar can be manufactured at any length. Such example can be referred in figure 9

27 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar can be of any wall thickness. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item F and also all items in figure 10.

28 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar can be of any diameter. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item A and also all items in figure 10.

29 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar where the inter-locking slot to accommodate the Cross-Rib bar can be of any width. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item B and also all the items in figure 10.

30 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar where the inter-locking slot to accommodate the Cross-Rib bar can be of any height. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item C and also all items in figure 10.

i 31 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, where in said the hollow section Cross-Slot bar are made of a shape whereby the lower part has a larger mass than the upper part. Such example can be referred to figure 9 and also all items in figure 10. 0

32 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar had pre- threaded holes at constant distance. Such example can be referred in figure 9 item D 5

33 A hollow section bar inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in the said hollow section Cross-Slot bar had pre- threaded holes and can be made either the hole is threaded halfway or fully through out this Cross Slot bar. 0

34 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in said the hollow section Cross-Slot bar has interlocking design at the upper part made readily to slot by the Cross-Rib bar. Such example can be referred to figute 9 ύnά also all items in 5 figure 10. 35 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in said the hollow section Cross-Slot bar and Cross- Rib bar are held together by means of tightening with the use of screws, bolts or bolts and nuts. Such example can be referred to figure 2 item D.

36 A method as in claim 2 to 35 where the material used for the hollow section inter-locking system can be made of a variety of material such as all type of aluminum, all type of plastic, copper, brass, tin, composite and alike.

37 A method as in claim 2 to 35 where the material used for the hollow section inter-locking grating system can be made with additional process to provide colors components.

38 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, whereby in said the hollow section Cross-Rib bar and Cross- Slot bar can be inserted into any hole interval at the right angle of the Load Bearing bar to create various bearing pitch so desire by the user.

39 A hollow section inter-locking grating system according to claim 1, where in said the hollow section Load Bearing bar can be fitted inter-locking at any groove interval of the Cross-Rib bar to create various cross pitch so desire by the user.