EP3087318B1 - Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classement par voie humide - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classement par voie humide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3087318B1
EP3087318B1 EP14827784.1A EP14827784A EP3087318B1 EP 3087318 B1 EP3087318 B1 EP 3087318B1 EP 14827784 A EP14827784 A EP 14827784A EP 3087318 B1 EP3087318 B1 EP 3087318B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
fraction
residue
sieve
process according
particle size
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EP14827784.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3087318A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Klinkhammer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schauenburg Maschinen-Und Anlagen-Bau GmbH
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Schauenburg Maschinen-Und Anlagen-Bau GmbH
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Priority to PL14827784T priority Critical patent/PL3087318T3/pl
Publication of EP3087318A1 publication Critical patent/EP3087318A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01001—Sorting and classifying ashes or fly-ashes from the combustion chamber before further treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
    • F23J2900/01005—Mixing water to ash

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the treatment of ash from waste incineration plants, in particular municipal waste incineration plants, by wet classification.
  • Classification is understood as meaning a separation of a starting material consisting of particles with a given particle size distribution into a plurality of fractions of different particle size distribution.
  • the classification serves, in particular, to separate the ashes into different proportions of pollutants.
  • a method for treating ashes from waste incineration plants by wet classification is known in which the ash is mixed in a mash tank with liquid and fed, after screening a coarse fraction as feed stream to a classifying stage comprising an upstream classifier and an upstream hydrocyclone plant.
  • the feed stream is separated in the classifying stage into a pollutant-free material fraction and a residual fraction loaded with pollutants, wherein the residual fraction is withdrawn as a suspension at the top of a fluidized bed produced in the upflow classifier and wherein the removed on the underside of the fluidized bed Gutfrtress is drained by a sieve.
  • the Gutfr press has a grain size between 0.25 mm and 4 mm and can be landfilled without environmental requirements or possibly also economically, z. B. be used as an aggregate in road construction.
  • the residue contains particles with a particle size of less than 250 microns and contains pollutants, eg. As heavy metals, organic light materials and metal oxides, which deposit as a coating on the particles.
  • the residue fraction contains some valuable substances, such as iron and non-ferrous metals.
  • the residue is thickened and must be disposed of in compliance with applicable legal regulations at the expense.
  • the dry weight fraction of the contaminated residue fraction is between 10% and 30% of the ash feed.
  • the object of the invention is to further reduce the amount of residue which can not be utilized economically and to recover valuable substances in a pure form, which enables economic utilization.
  • Ash from a waste incineration plant is mixed with liquid in a mash tank and, after screening off a coarse fraction, is fed as a feed stream to a first classification stage, where the feed stream is separated into a pollutant-free material fraction and a residual fraction contaminated with pollutants.
  • the material fraction is dewatered by means of a first screening device, wherein a screen residue with a lower particle size of more than 150 microns, preferably obtained with a lower particle size of about 250 microns.
  • the loaded with pollutants residual fraction is separated in a second classification stage in a finely divided mineral fraction and a contaminated with pollutants residue, the residue has a grain upper limit between 20 microns and 50 microns.
  • the finely divided mineral fraction is dewatered by means of a second screening device.
  • metals are separated from the screen residue of the first screening device and / or from the screen residue of the second screening device.
  • the metal deposition may relate both to the deposition of non-ferrous metals and of iron constituents which are separated from the sieve residue.
  • the dewatered residue of the second screening device forms a finely divided mineral fraction without interfering ingredients that can be recycled economically.
  • valuable products also finely divided metals are obtained, which are separated by means of metal deposition from the screen residue of the first screening device and / or the second screening device.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that in the first classification stage at the top of a fluidized bed produced in a flow classifier polluted with a pollutant fraction is withdrawn as a suspension and that the Gutfr forcing deducted at the bottom of the upflow classifier and dewatered by the first screening device, wherein the screen passage of the first screening device is returned to a hydrocyclone plant.
  • the hydrocyclone plant is upstream of the upstream classifier.
  • the hydrocyclone plant is designed so that the cyclone overflow essentially entrains only particles with a particle size of less than 100 microns.
  • the hydrocyclone plant is operated so that the upper grain boundary of the withdrawn in the hydrocyclone overflow suspension is in a range between 60 microns and 70 microns.
  • the hydrocyclone overflow of the hydrocyclone plant is fed together with the removed from the upstream classifier and loaded with pollutants fraction as a residual fraction of the second classification stage.
  • the hydrocyclone plant may comprise two parallel-connected hydrocyclones, the feed stream being fed to a first hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone plant and the sieve throughput of the first screening device to the second hydrocyclone of the hydrocyclone plant.
  • the cyclone overflows in parallel Hydrocyclones each contain only particles which are smaller than the separating grain of the first screening device and are fed to the second classification stage.
  • the separating grain is understood to mean the grain size which is roughly 50% coarse and 50% fine.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that organic light substances are separated off from the fraction loaded with pollutants and discharged from the upflow classifier.
  • organic light substances include in particular fibrous materials.
  • a tumble screen can be used to separate off the organic impurities.
  • automatic backflush filters can be used. After separation of the organic light materials, the fraction is fed together with the cyclone overflow of the hydrocyclone plant of the second classification stage.
  • a hydrocyclone plant which, as a multicyclone, can comprise a plurality of hydrocyclones connected in parallel.
  • the mineral fraction is withdrawn as a cyclone underflow.
  • the cyclone overflow carries the polluted with pollutants residue.
  • This has a grain spectrum with a grain upper limit between 20 microns and 50 microns.
  • the hydrocyclone plant of the second classification stage is operated so that the residue in the cyclone upper run has a grain upper limit of about 25 microns.
  • the cyclone overflow of the hydrocyclone plant used in the second classification stage is expediently concentrated in a thickener, which can be designed as a continuously operated sedimentation separator. Clarified liquid is withdrawn from the thickener and returned to the process as process fluid.
  • the liquid return may comprise a liquid tank to which a water treatment plant is connected. As part of the water treatment at least a pH adjustment is made.
  • a suspension with high solids content is withdrawn. This is then dewatered, wherein for dehydration of the residue preferably a pressure filtration is used.
  • the pressure filtration can be designed, for example, as a chamber filter press or as a drum filter press.
  • a significant advantage of the method according to the invention over the prior art DE 10 2011 013 030 A1 is that the thickener a much lower mass flow with finely divided particles having a particle size of less than 50 microns, is supplied and as a result, the downstream pressure drainage process technically easier and can be operated with smaller apparatus.
  • the ash 1 comes from a waste incineration plant, in particular a domestic waste incineration plant, and is mixed with liquid 3 in a mash tank 2 and, after screening a coarse fraction 4, is fed to a first classification stage 5.
  • the coarse fraction 4 comprises a grain spectrum between 4 mm and 60 mm and can optionally be divided into two or more coarse fractions.
  • the sieve devices used for this purpose can equipped with metal separators for the deposition of non-ferrous metals or iron.
  • the classifying stage 5 comprises an upflow classifier 6 and an upstream hydrocyclone plant 7.
  • the feed stream is separated in the classifying stage 5 into a pollutant-free material fraction 8 and a residual fraction 9 loaded with pollutants, the residual fraction 9 being withdrawn as a suspension at the top of a fluidized bed produced in the upflow classifier 6 and wherein the withdrawn at the bottom of the fluidized bed Gutfr disorders 8 is drained by a first sieve device 10.
  • the screen residue 11 of the first screening device 10 expediently has a lower particle size of more than 150 ⁇ m.
  • the classifying stage 5 is operated so that the screen residue 11 of the screening device 10 has a particle size range between 250 ⁇ m and 4 mm. From the sieve residue metals 12 are deposited, which can be recycled as recyclables.
  • the Siebrückstand 11 with a grain spectrum between 0.25 mm to 4 mm is pollutant-free and can be recycled economically.
  • the sieve passage 13 of the sieve device 10 is returned to the hydrocyclone plant 7, which in the exemplary embodiment has two parallel-connected hydrocyclones 14, 14 '.
  • the feed stream is fed to a first hydrocyclone 14 of the hydrocyclone unit 7.
  • the sieve passage 13 of the sieve device 10 passes as feed into the second hydrocyclone 14 'of the hydrocyclone plant 7.
  • the screen residue 11 of the first screening device 10 has a lower particle size of more than 150 ⁇ m, preferably a lower particle size of about 250 ⁇ m.
  • organic lightweight materials in particular also fibrous substances, are separated off, wherein the separation of the light substances can take place, for example, by means of a tumble screen 16.
  • the residual fraction 9 is fed together with the cyclone overflows 15, 15 'to a second classification stage 17, in which the material streams are separated into a finely divided mineral fraction 18 and a residue 19 contaminated with pollutants.
  • the second classifying stage 17 is operated such that the residue 19 has a grain upper limit between 20 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
  • a grain upper limit of the residue 19 of about 25 microns.
  • a hydrocyclone plant 20 is used, wherein the finely divided mineral fraction 18 is withdrawn as a cyclone underflow and the cyclone overflow entrained with pollutants finely divided residue 19.
  • the cyclone underflow is dewatered by means of a second screening device 21, wherein metals 23 are expediently separated from the screen residue 22. It falls to a finely divided mineral product of value, which has a particle size range between 20 microns and 250 microns. In addition, metals 23 fall in finely divided form, which can also be recycled as recyclables.
  • the hydrocyclone plant 20 has two hydrocyclones 29, 29 'connected in parallel, the feed stream being fed to a first hydrocyclone 29 of the hydrocyclone plant 20 and the sieve passage 30 of the second screening device 21 to the second hydrocyclone 29' of the hydrocyclone plant.
  • the cyclone overflows 31, 31 'of the parallel-connected hydrocyclones 29, 29' are fed to a thickener 24.
  • the cyclone overflow of the hydrocyclone plant 20 used in the second classification stage 17 is concentrated in the thickener 24, wherein clarified liquid 25 is withdrawn from the thickener 24 and returned to the process.
  • the liquid return comprises a liquid tank 26 to which a water treatment plant is connected.
  • a suspension 28 is withdrawn with a high solids content, which is then dewatered by a pressure filtration 27.
  • the finely divided residue has a grain spectrum with a grain upper limit between 20 microns and 50 microns, preferably a grain upper limit of about 25 microns is selected.
  • the residue, which consists exclusively of very finely divided particles has a large surface, at which the pollutants contained in the ash are effectively bound. Metal oxides are also deposited with the finely divided residue.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classification par voie humide, selon lequel
    - les cendres (1) sont mélangées à un liquide (3) dans une cuve de mélange (2) et, après tamisage d'une fraction grossière (4), introduites sous la forme d'un flux d'alimentation dans une première étape de classification (5) ;
    - le flux d'alimentation est séparé dans la première étape de classification (5) en une fraction de matière (8) exempte de substances nocives et en une fraction résiduelle (9) chargée en substances nocives ;
    - la fraction de matière (8) est déshydratée au moyen d'un premier dispositif de tamisage (10), un refus de tamisage (11) présentant une taille de grain inférieure de plus de 150 µm se formant ;
    - la fraction résiduelle (9) est séparée dans une deuxième étape de classification (17) en une fraction minérale (18) finement divisée et en un résidu (19) chargé en substances nocives, le résidu (19) présentant une limite granulométrique supérieure comprise entre 20 µm et 50 µm ;
    - la fraction minérale (18) finement divisée est déshydratée au moyen d'un deuxième dispositif de tamisage (21) ;
    - des métaux (12, 23) sont extraits du refus de tamisage (11) du premier dispositif de tamisage (10) et/ou du refus de tamisage (22) du deuxième dispositif de tamisage (21).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le refus de tamisage (11) du premier dispositif de tamisage (10) présente une taille de grain inférieure d'environ 250 µm.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le refus de tamisage (11) du premier dispositif de tamisage (10) présente un spectre de grains compris entre 0,25 mm et 4 mm.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le refus de tamisage (22) du deuxième dispositif de tamisage (21) présente un spectre de grains compris entre 20 µm et 250 µm.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, lors de la première étape de classification (5), une fraction chargée en substances nocives est soutirée sous la forme d'une suspension sur le côté supérieur d'un lit fluidisé formé dans un classificateur hydraulique (6), en ce que la fraction de matière (8) est soutirée sur le côté inférieur du classificateur hydraulique (6) et déshydratée au moyen du premier dispositif de tamisage (10), le tamisat (11) du premier dispositif de tamisage (10) étant recyclé dans une installation à hydrocyclone (7) raccordée en amont du classificateur hydraulique (6), la surverse du cyclone de l'unité à hydrocyclone (7) ne transportant essentiellement que des particules ayant une taille de grain inférieure à 100 µm et étant introduite conjointement avec la fraction chargée en substances nocives en tant que fraction résiduelle (9) dans la deuxième étape de classification (17).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que des matières légères organiques sont séparées de la fraction chargée en substances nocives avant que cette fraction ne soit ensuite introduite conjointement avec la surverse du cyclone dans la deuxième étape de classification (17).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une installation à hydrocyclone (20) est utilisée dans la deuxième étape de classification (17), la fraction minérale (18) étant soutirée en tant que sousverse du cyclone et la surverse du cyclone transportant le résidu finement divisé (19) chargé en substances nocives.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la surverse du cyclone de l'installation à hydrocyclone (20) utilisée dans la deuxième étape de classification (17) est concentrée dans un décanteur (24), le liquide décanté (25) du décanteur (24) étant soutiré et recyclé dans le procédé.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce qu'une suspension (28) ayant une teneur en solides élevée est soutirée du décanteur (24), puis déshydratée.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une filtration sous pression (27) est utilisée pour la déshydratation du résidu.
EP14827784.1A 2013-12-23 2014-12-23 Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classement par voie humide Active EP3087318B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14827784T PL3087318T3 (pl) 2013-12-23 2014-12-23 Sposób obróbki popiołów ze spalarni odpadów z użyciem klasyfikacji na mokro

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013021790 2013-12-23
DE102014100725.5A DE102014100725B3 (de) 2013-12-23 2014-01-23 Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Asche aus Müllverbrennungsanlagen durch Nassklassierung
PCT/EP2014/079260 WO2015097256A1 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-23 Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classement par voie humide

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EP3087318A1 EP3087318A1 (fr) 2016-11-02
EP3087318B1 true EP3087318B1 (fr) 2018-12-12

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EP14825112.7A Active EP3087317B1 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-09 Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classification hydraulique
EP14827784.1A Active EP3087318B1 (fr) 2013-12-23 2014-12-23 Procédé de traitement de cendres provenant d'installations d'incinération d'ordures par classement par voie humide

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US (1) US10213790B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP3087317B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105980775B (fr)
DE (1) DE102014100725B3 (fr)
PL (2) PL3087317T3 (fr)
WO (2) WO2015096977A1 (fr)

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US10894258B2 (en) * 2015-07-25 2021-01-19 Tav Holdings, Inc. System and method for recovering desired materials and producing clean aggregate from incinerator ash
PL414609A1 (pl) * 2015-10-29 2017-05-08 Henryk Karcz Sposób odzysku masy palnej z popiołu dennego oraz instalacja do odzysku masy palnej z popiołu
DE102016106053A1 (de) 2016-04-03 2017-10-05 Schauenburg Maschinen- Und Anlagen-Bau Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Asche aus Müllverbrennungsanlagen
DE102016106054A1 (de) * 2016-04-03 2017-10-05 Schauenburg Maschinen- Und Anlagen-Bau Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Asche aus Müllverbrennungsanlagen
PT3252377T (pt) * 2016-05-30 2020-06-02 Martin Gmbh Fuer Umwelt Und Energietechnik Método para o tratamento de escória de um dispositivo de combustão
DE102016117741B4 (de) 2016-09-20 2019-01-24 Schauenburg Maschinen- Und Anlagen-Bau Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Asche aus Müllverbrennungsanlagen
CN108918367B (zh) * 2018-06-15 2021-04-09 酒泉钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 一种快速识别铁矿粉中有害物质来源的检测方法
US20220056554A1 (en) * 2018-12-18 2022-02-24 Sepro Mineral Systems Corp. Recovery of material from wet incinerator bottom ash

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN105980775A (zh) 2016-09-28
WO2015096977A1 (fr) 2015-07-02
DE102014100725B3 (de) 2014-12-31
WO2015097256A1 (fr) 2015-07-02
US10213790B2 (en) 2019-02-26
PL3087318T3 (pl) 2019-05-31
EP3087318A1 (fr) 2016-11-02
EP3087317B1 (fr) 2018-12-12
PL3087317T3 (pl) 2019-05-31
US20160310960A1 (en) 2016-10-27
EP3087317A1 (fr) 2016-11-02
CN105980775B (zh) 2018-07-20

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