EP3086335B1 - Dispositif d'electrovanne pour un systeme de fluide et procede de commutation d'une electrovanne - Google Patents

Dispositif d'electrovanne pour un systeme de fluide et procede de commutation d'une electrovanne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3086335B1
EP3086335B1 EP16000598.9A EP16000598A EP3086335B1 EP 3086335 B1 EP3086335 B1 EP 3086335B1 EP 16000598 A EP16000598 A EP 16000598A EP 3086335 B1 EP3086335 B1 EP 3086335B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
armature
switching
solenoid valve
magnetic field
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16000598.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3086335A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Teichmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF CV Systems Hannover GmbH
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Wabco GmbH
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Publication of EP3086335A1 publication Critical patent/EP3086335A1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/123—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by ancillary coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/124—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by mechanical latch, e.g. detent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/18—Circuit arrangements for obtaining desired operating characteristics, e.g. for slow operation, for sequential energisation of windings, for high-speed energisation of windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1669—Armatures actuated by current pulse, e.g. bistable actuators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F2007/1692—Electromagnets or actuators with two coils

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solenoid valve device with a bistable solenoid valve for a fluid system, in particular a compressed air system in a vehicle, and a method for switching a bistable solenoid valve.
  • a bistable solenoid valve in particular a 3/2-way valve may be provided which applies a first pressure output in a first position or first armature position to a second pressure output to vent a pressure outlet line or to connect with atmosphere; In this case, a pressure input is blocked. In a second position, the pressure input is connected to the first pressure output, z. B. for the pneumatic supply of a compressed air brake. The second pressure output is blocked here.
  • both positions can be formed by the solenoid valve.
  • a bistable solenoid valve both positions are kept safe in the de-energized state by a permanent magnet device, wherein a solenoid device is provided for the switching operations.
  • the DE 37 30 381 A1 shows such a bistable solenoid valve, which allows a permanent magnet holding force in both positions.
  • an armature with two axially towards its end formed sealing means axially displaceable and abuts in its two positions to a first end core or second end core, wherein it closes in each of the positions with its respective sealant at the respective end core a fluid passage.
  • a permanent magnet is provided to close a magnetic field via an outer magnetic yoke and the end cores toward the armature.
  • a first permanent magnetic field is via the first core or a second permanent magnetic field via the second Core stronger or weaker than the other permanent magnetic field.
  • either a first coil or a second coil is energized, which amplifies one of the two permanent magnetic fields to such an extent that, despite the formation of the air gap, it exceeds the magnetic holding force of the other permanent magnetic field and thus enables switching to the other stable end position.
  • the US Pat. No. 7,483,254 B1 shows a control circuit for a bistable permanent magnet device, in which a control via pulsed signals, in particular with RC elements takes place.
  • the EP 0 328 194 A1 describes a bistable valve mechanism with a spring preload, which can be overcome by energization.
  • EP 1 331 426 A2 discloses a pulse driven solenoid, particularly for a solenoid valve, including a coil for generating a magnetic field in a magnetic circuit having a magnetically conductive core, a magnetically conductive core, and an armature cooperating with the core. Furthermore, the electromagnet contains a releasably attached permanent magnet whose magnetic field is at least partially superimposed on the coil.
  • the permanent magnet is arranged outside of the magnetic circuit.
  • DE 26 50 810 A1 discloses a solenoid valve having means for permanently magnetic locking in a first position and an arrangement for electromagnetic reversal from the first to another position.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a solenoid valve device and a method for switching a bistable solenoid valve, which allow a safe and fast switching between its positions with little effort.
  • the solenoid valve device in this case has the bistable solenoid valve, a circuit arrangement and a control device.
  • a partial or complete compensation of the armature-holding permanent magnetic field is effected by a compensating electromagnetic field of the electromagnetic device, which is also provided for switching.
  • the compensating current inputted to the electromagnet means for compensation is opposite to the current input to switch into the electromagnet means, so that the switching electromagnetic field is opposed to the compensating one.
  • the compensating current is preferably input here with a time change, in particular with a time increase, z. B. via a ramp.
  • This is z. B. a continuous increase from zero to a maximum current value possible.
  • a jump to an average current value is possible, for. B. after a first period of time.
  • the resetting switching operation can be improved by the compensating energization.
  • the magnetic holding force of the holding permanent magnetic field is thus already reduced, and the switching electromagnetic field can be dimensioned smaller with respect to its magnetic field strength or the formation of ampere-turns in order to enable the switching process by amplifying the second permanent magnetic field.
  • the complementary design of a compensating electromagnetic field depending on the dynamics and position of the armature can also be problematic, since the respective restoring force is limited and serving for compensation "compensating" electromagnetic field due to the lack of air gap to the holding anchor quickly large can. So z. B. if too fast or too strong energization, the compensating first electromagnetic field (or the electromagnetic flux) may be so great that it not only compensates the permanent magnetic field, but overcompensated so much that results in a total magnetic field that of Amount ago is greater than the restoring force.
  • a temporally variable energization of the compensating electromagnetic device or coil is provided, in particular with a time increase within a rise time.
  • This can be z. B. by a time control, in which the current is not immediately driven to its maximum value, but is ramped up via a switch-on, which allows a mechanical adjustment of the anchor, d. H. z. B. in a period above 10 ms, z. In a period of 100 ms.
  • the electromagnetic field in the turn-on ramp initially compensates for the air gap-loosely-holding permanent magnetic field until the restoring force has overcome the holding force and an air gap is formed between the armature and the retaining core, which attenuates the sustaining permanent magnetic field.
  • the armature can be pulled in the desired manner in the other switching position, before the first permanent magnetic field is overcompensated.
  • the restoring device for forming the restoring force, ie for returning the armature in its first armature position, may be a mechanical spring device, for. B. a coil spring, which is thus switched between their states “tense” and "not tense”.
  • the reset device is formed by a solenoid device.
  • the electromagnet device is thus energized on the switching side, at which the axial air gap between the core and the armature is provided, with a switching current in order to support the lower permanent magnetic field or the smaller permanent flux due to the air gap.
  • the first electromagnetic field and the first permanent magnetic field thus form a first overall magnetic field
  • the second electromagnetic field and the second permanent magnetic field thus form a second overall magnetic field
  • the currents can be controlled in combination by the two electromagnetic devices, z. B. as a series circuit or parallel connection of the two electromagnetic devices.
  • the switching current of the one solenoid device and the compensating current of the other solenoid device can be formed and controlled together.
  • the coils for each switching operation can be switched together, wherein the current directions for the respective switching operations are reversed accordingly, so that in each case an electromagnetic field as compensating, ie to compensate for the stronger permanent magnetic field (or permanent magnet flux) and the other magnetic switching, ie for the active circuit is used.
  • the high-side driver circuits for the two electromagnetic devices can be formed separately, with common low-side drive to ground.
  • the compensating electromagnetic field can be formed by a smaller current than the switching electromagnetic field.
  • the compensating current of the one switching operation is set against the switching current from the current direction inputted by this electromagnetic device in the other switching operation.
  • the solenoid valve may have a permanent magnet device with radial magnetization.
  • a permanent magnetic field extends in the radial direction from the inner armature via the permanent magnet and an outer magnetic yoke, forming two permanent magnetic fields extending from the yoke either at an axial end via the first core to the armature, or at the other end run second core to the armature, wherein in each of the two positions in each case an axial air gap is provided by the armature to one of the two cores.
  • the supplementary energization of the compensating electromagnetic field basically does not require any additional expenditure on hardware, since a switching device, for example, is required anyway.
  • B. switching transistors, are provided for its wiring.
  • Fig. 1 shows a bistable solenoid valve 1, which is designed for use in a fluid system 50, in particular a compressed air system 50, in particular as a 3/2 solenoid valve with three ports, preferably a pressure input 2a, a first pressure outlet 2b and a second pressure outlet 2c, the z. B. can serve as a vent.
  • the bistable solenoid valve 1 in the compressed air system 50, z. B. the compressed air system of a commercial vehicle serve, optionally according to the first anchor position I the Fig.
  • the bistable solenoid valve 1 on an armature guide tube 6 and a longitudinally adjustable in the armature guide tube 6 in the axial direction A guided anchor 7.
  • a first valve seal 8 is formed, which at a first valve seat 9, z. B. to the closure of the pressure input 2a, comes to rest, as well as continue a second valve seal 10 to the plant comes on a second valve seat 11, z. B. for closing the second pressure output 2c.
  • valve seals 8 and 10 are advantageously spring biased by an armature spring 13 for sealing engagement with their respective valve seat 9 and 11, respectively.
  • the armature 7 is magnetically conductive, d. H. made of ferromagnetic material; in the axial direction A closes to a first side of a first core 12, in which according to this embodiment, the pressure input 2a and the first pressure outlet 2b are formed, and to the other, second side of a second core 14, in which the second pressure outlet 2c for the vent is formed.
  • a magnetic device 15 Radially outside the armature guide tube 6, a magnetic device 15 is arranged, which has a permanent magnet means 16 and a total electromagnet means 17, wherein the one total electromagnet means 17 in turn with a first electromagnet means or first coil 18 and a second electromagnet means or second coil 19 is formed.
  • the entire magnet device 15 is received in a magnetic yoke 20, 21, which is formed by a yoke pot 20 with pot bottom 20a and cylindrical pot wall 20b and the yoke cup 20 to a axial side closing yoke disc 21.
  • the two cores 12 and 14 are advantageously in the radial direction R directly to the yoke disc 21 and the Jochtopf 20, ie without a radial air gap. Furthermore, the armature 7 lies in its two armature positions or positions directly in the axial direction A or -A on one of the two cores 12, 14 and has an air gap 22 to the respective other core 14, 12. Thus lies in the in Fig.
  • the armature 7 in the axial direction A directly, ie without an air gap, on the first core 12, wherein an axial air gap 22 is formed between the armature 7 and the second core 14; Accordingly, the armature 7 is in the second position II, not shown here directly to the second core 14, ie also without an air gap, in which case an air gap 22 between the armature 7 and the first core 12 is formed.
  • the permanent magnet device 16 is advantageously arranged axially between the first coil 18 and the second coil 19 and radially magnetized, d. H. the magnetization and thus the magnetic flux lines of the permanent magnetic field PM extend in the radial direction R, z. B. radially outward, d. H. perpendicular to the axis A.
  • the magnetic field is shown in part simplified by lines; In principle, the magnetic flux formed by the magnetic field is relevant to the magnetic effects.
  • the permanent magnet device 16 different configurations of the permanent magnet device 16 are possible, for. Example, by individual permanent magnets or a permanent magnet disc, which is designed as a ring or disc and in this case is magnetized in the radial direction.
  • the permanent magnet device 16 is formed outside the armature guide tube 6, it can also be formed with a wider axial extent, so that conventional materials for permanent magnets, for. As an iron alloy or a ceramic material used; the use z. B. rare earth is not required in principle.
  • the common permanent magnetic field PM thus proceeds according to Fig. 2 in the radial direction R through the permanent magnet device 16 and subsequently through the yoke 20, 21, wherein it extends axially in both directions, ie -A and A, ie along the pot wall 20b as a first permanent magnetic field PM1 and second permanent magnetic field PM2, wherein the permanent magnetic fields PM1, PM2 then extend at the axial ends radially downwards along the pot base 20b and the yoke disc 21 to the cores 12, 14, and subsequently axially, ie in the direction A or -A, to the armature 7 and back to the permanent magnet device 16th
  • the two permanent magnetic fields PM1, PM2 can thus each z. B. have approximately the shape of a torus; the entire permanent magnetic field PM thus forms z. B. a double torus or is dumbbell-shaped.
  • the magnetically conductive armature 7 is located on the first core 12, so that in this case the first permanent magnetic field PM1 extends directly from the first core 12 through the armature 7, and in the armature 7 in the axial direction to the permanent magnet device 16.
  • An air gap is formed at most as a radial air gap between the armature 7 and the permanent magnet means 16, but not as an axial gap, so that the first permanent magnetic field PM1 forms a strong magnetic holding force of the armature 7 on the first core 12.
  • the extending through the second core 14 second permanent magnetic field PM2 passes through the air gap 22 to the armature 7 and is significantly weakened by the air gap 22.
  • the magnetic holding force of the first permanent magnetic field PM1 is significantly larger than the attractive force of the second permanent magnetic field PM2; the armature 7 is in the right position, ie the anchor position I of Fig. 1 , kept safe.
  • the bistable magnetic valve 1 is basically symmetrical in the axial direction A with respect to the formation of the two cores 12 and 14 and the coils 18 and 19, the in Fig. 1 not shown second armature position II held securely, since here an air gap is formed correspondingly between the armature 7 and the first core 12, which weakens the first permanent magnetic field PM1, however, there is a strong second permanent magnetic field PM2.
  • the first coil 18 generates a first electromagnetic field EM1;
  • the second coil 19 generates a second electromagnetic field EM2, wherein the electromagnetic fields EM1 and EM2 are superimposed with the permanent magnetic fields PM1, PM2 and each other.
  • the first electromagnetic field EM1 of the first coil 18 is also toroidal in shape and extends substantially in accordance with the first permanent magnetic field PM1, in particular in rotationally symmetrical design of the permanent magnetic field PM1:
  • the first electromagnetic field EM1 initially extends within the first coil 18, ie in the axial direction A-depending on the current supply-from the first core 12 in the axial direction inwards or outwards, ie, for example from the outside (in FIG Fig. 1 right) inwardly to the armature 7, and from the armature 7 radially outwardly, ie along the permanent magnet means 16 outwardly, and from there along the pot wall 20b and the cup bottom 20a radially inwardly back to the first core 12.
  • the second electromagnetic field EM2 is similar to the second permanent magnetic field PM2, ie, depending on polarity, from the second core 14 in the axial direction A to the armature 7, or in the opposite direction from the armature 7 to the second core 14, and radially in each case radially outward along the permanent magnet device 16, the pot wall 20b in the axial direction, and along the yoke plate 21 radially inwardly.
  • the second electromagnetic field EM2 is again weakened by the air gap 22, the first electromagnetic field EM1, however, not.
  • the switching operations SV1 and SV2 of the bistable solenoid valve 1 between the first armature position I and the second armature position II are advantageously carried out by energizing each of both coils 18 and 19.
  • a first electromagnetic field EM1 of the first coil 18 is set up, which is opposite to the first permanent magnetic field PM1 and this partially compensated in particular, so that the magnetic holding force of the armature 6 on the first core 12 is at least reduced.
  • the second coil 19 is energized such that the second permanent magnetic field PM2 is amplified by the second electromagnetic field EM2, ie both fields PM2 and EM2 point in the same direction, so that in spite of the air gap 22 acting on the armature 7, in Fig. 1 towards the left magnetic force increases and the armature 7 in Fig. 1 shifted to the left, whereby the air gap 22 is reduced and disappears completely, and an air gap between the armature 7 and the first core 12 is formed.
  • one of the electromagnetic fields EM1 and EM2 is compensating and the other switching.
  • a first current I1 guided by the first coil 18 acts compensatingly, ie as a compensating first current I1_k, and a second current I2 conducted through the second coil 19 switches, ie as a switching second current I2_s.
  • a compensating second current I2_k is passed through the second coil 19, and a first current I1_s is conducted through the first coil 18.
  • the two coils 18 and 19 are connected via coil terminals 61a, b and 62a, b to a circuit arrangement 30, which represents in particular an output stage.
  • a solenoid valve device 5 is formed, which has the bistable solenoid valve 1, the circuit arrangement 30 and the control device 40.
  • the first current I1_k can cause the compensating, ie in Fig. 1 the first electromagnetic field EM1 is too strong and the difference EM1 - PM1 can be greater in magnitude than the positively overlapping, but weakened by the air gap 22, switching total second field EM2 + PM2.
  • At least the compensating current I1_k or I2_k is in each case increased with a time delay, advantageously via a ramp.
  • both currents can thus be ramped up with a time delay.
  • 3 and 4 show embodiments of a circuit arrangement 30 for such ramp controls.
  • the coils 18 and 19 can according to Fig. 3 be connected in a series circuit.
  • Tr1 OFF
  • Tr4 OFF
  • Tr2 ON
  • Tr3 ON to the supply voltage Uv over Tr2 and the series connection of the coils 18 and 19 and Tr3 to ground GND to lead.
  • the Amperewindungen AW are drawn, resulting in the product of the current and the number of turns, the starting-shift duration .DELTA.t1 between t2 and t1 is z. B.
  • ⁇ t2 50 to 70 ms
  • the total switching time .DELTA.t2 between t3 and t1 is z.
  • B. ⁇ t2 100 ms.
  • the purely mechanical switching of the valve takes place depending on the tolerance position of the individual components in the valve between the times t1 and t2.
  • Fig. 6 shows an alternative control in which at time t1, the current is driven immediately to a mean current value I_mid, and subsequently with a linear ramp up to the time t2 to the maximum value I_max until it is turned off again at time t3.
  • the switching periods ⁇ t1 and ⁇ t2 can have similar values as in Fig. 5 accept.
  • first in the first position I of Fig. 1 weak first electromagnetic field EM1 is formed, which fully or partially compensates the holding permanent magnetic field, here thus the first permanent magnetic field PM1, but only at time t2 reaches the maximum current value I_max.
  • the starting shift duration .DELTA.t1 is sufficient to achieve a mechanical adjustment of the armature 7 away from the first armature position I; as soon as an air gap forms between the armature 7 and the first core 12, the risk of unintentional holding in the first armature position I has already been significantly reduced.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show a detailed design of a solenoid valve 1 accordingly Fig. 1 ,
  • the permanent magnet device 16 is here opposite for illustrative purposes Fig. 1 reversed polarity used.
  • Compressed air 25a is from a compressed air supply 25, z. B. a compressed air reservoir, fed via a compressed air supply line 23 to the pressure input 2a, and passed over the first pressure output 2b and a pressure output line 26 to a consumer 24.
  • a pressure outlet 27 is attached directly or indirectly via a line.
  • the compressed air applied to the pressure inlet 2a and the inner bore 42 of the first core 12 is blocked at the closed first valve, ie between the first valve seat 9 and the first valve seal 8.
  • Compressed air 25a can from the consumer 24 via the pressure-output line 26, the first pressure outlet 2b, then via an outer axial bore 43 of the core 12, an interior 29 of the armature 7, in which preferably also z.
  • the inner armature spring 13 is provided, and are guided over the axial gap 22 of the open second valve 10,11 and the bore 14a of the second core 14 to the second pressure outlet 2c and thus to the pressure outlet 27 for venting.
  • the second valve 10, 11 is thus open, since the second valve seat 11 is separated from the second valve seal 10 by the axial gap 22.
  • the first valve 8, 9 is open, ie the axial gap 22 is formed between the first valve seat 9 and the first valve seal 8. Accordingly, the second valve 10, 11 closed by the second valve seat 11 rests on the second valve seal 10. Compressed air 25a is thus from the compressed air supply 25 via the compressed air supply line 23, the pressure inlet 2a, the inner bore 42, the open first valve 8, 9, the axial gap 22, the radially outer bore 43 to the first pressure outlet 2b and thus to the Consumer 24 led.
  • the holes 42, 43 in the first core 12 are advantageously formed by the first core 12 is formed with an inner tube 12 a and an outer tube 12 b, between which, at least in some areas the circumference of the outer axial bore 43 is formed; the inner bore 42 is formed by the central bore of the inner tube 12a.
  • the armature 7 is formed according to the embodiment shown here by a first anchor part 7a and a second anchor part 7b, the z. B. be joined together by press fitting; the armature spring 13 presses the valve seals 8 and 10 apart axially.
  • the armature 7 can thus be joined with an armature interior 29 which, as described above, serves as an air duct for the ventilation.
  • Fig. 9 to 12 show a non-claimed embodiment with a solenoid valve 101 with spring return by a spring device 70, here as a helical spring between the armature 7 and the yoke, z. B. the yoke disc 21, is provided.
  • a spring device 70 here as a helical spring between the armature 7 and the yoke, z. B. the yoke disc 21, is provided.
  • armature 7 is held in the second anchor position II to the holding core 14 (or second core or holding core), since the holding permanent magnetic field or second permanent magnetic field PM2 due to the lack of air gap 22 is strong enough, even without Supported by the second electromagnetic field EM2 to hold the armature 7 against the spring action of the spring device 70.
  • Fig. 12 is then the holding permanent magnetic field or second permanent magnetic field PM2 weakened by at least partial compensation by the compensating second electromagnetic field EM2_k, so that the spring restoring force of the spring device 70, the magnetic holding force, which is determined by the amount of the difference of the holding second permanent Magnetic field PM2 and the compensating second electromagnetic field EM2_k is exceeded.
  • the resetting switching operation SV1 or first switching operation takes place in the first armature position I, which in turn forms the air gap 22 between the holding core or holding core 14 and the armature 7.
  • Fig. 13 shows a circuit arrangement or power amplifier 130, respectively Fig. 3 is constructed with only the switching solenoid device or second coil 19 is energized.
  • Fig. 5 or 6 the time diagrams of the Fig. 5 or 6 be set.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) bistable pour un système de fluide (50), comprenant une électrovanne (1, 101), un arrangement de circuit (30, 130) et un dispositif de commande (40) destiné à piloter l'arrangement de circuit (30, 130), l'électrovanne (1, 101) possédant :
    un induit (7) qui peut être positionné entre une première position d'induit (I) et une deuxième position d'induit (II), et des moyens formant vanne (8, 9, 10, 11) positionnables par l'induit (7), lesquels se trouvent dans des positions de vanne différentes dans la première et la deuxième position d'induit (I, II),
    un dispositif à aimant permanent (16, 116) destiné à former un champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien qui maintient l'induit (7) dans la deuxième position d'induit (II),
    un dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19) destiné à former un champ électromagnétique de commutation (EM2) pour une opération de commutation d'induit (SV2) de la première position d'induit (I) à la deuxième position d'induit (II) et
    un dispositif de rappel (12, 18 ; 70) destiné à rappeler l'induit (7) dans une opération de commutation de rappel (SV1) dans la première position d'induit (I),
    l'arrangement de circuit (30, 130) étant configuré pour exciter le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19) dans l'opération de commutation d'induit (SV2) avec un courant de commutation (I2_S),
    le dispositif de commande (40) étant configuré pour piloter l'arrangement de circuit (30, 130) de telle sorte que le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19), dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), est alimenté électriquement avec un courant de compensation (I_k) destiné à former un champ électromagnétique de compensation (EM2_k) destiné à compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien,
    l'électrovanne (1, 101) possédant une culasse magnétique (20, 21) et un noyau de maintien (14) servant à l'appui de l'induit (7) dans la deuxième position d'induit (II),
    un entrefer (22) étant formé dans la première position d'induit (I) entre l'induit (7) et le noyau de maintien (14) et
    le champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien et le champ électromagnétique de commutation (EM2) se propageant par le biais de la culasse magnétique (20, 21), du noyau de maintien (14) et de l'induit (7),
    le dispositif de rappel (12, 18) possédant un premier noyau (12) servant à l'appui de l'induit (7) dans la première position d'induit (I) et un premier dispositif électromagnétique (18) qui est alimenté électriquement dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1) pour former un premier champ électromagnétique (EM1), le premier champ électromagnétique (EM1) et un premier champ magnétique permanent (PM1) du dispositif à aimant permanent (16) se propageant par le biais de la culasse magnétique (20, 21), du premier noyau (12) et de l'induit (7), dans la première position d'induit (I), le premier champ magnétique permanent (PM1) maintenant l'induit (7) contre le premier noyau (12) et l'entrefer (22) étant formé entre l'induit (7) et le noyau de maintien (14), le dispositif de commande (40) étant configuré pour piloter l'arrangement de circuit (30) de telle sorte que le premier dispositif électromagnétique (18), dans l'opération de commutation d'induit (SV2), est alimenté électriquement avec un courant de compensation (I_k) destiné à former un champ électromagnétique de compensation croissant dans le temps en vue de compenser au moins partiellement le premier champ magnétique permanent (PM1).
  2. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un sens de courant du courant de compensation (I_k) dans le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19) est l'inverse d'un sens de courant du courant de commutation (I2_S) dans le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19).
  3. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le courant de compensation (I_k) est variable dans le temps pendant l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1) et ne présente une valeur de courant maximale (I_max) qu'après un intervalle de temps de mise en marche (Δ_t1).
  4. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une valeur de courant maximale (I_max) du courant de compensation (I_k) est inférieure à une valeur de courant du courant de commutation (I2_S) pendant l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1).
  5. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon la revendication 3 ou 4, caractérisé en ce que pendant l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), le courant de compensation (I_k) présente une augmentation retardée dans le temps, constante et/ou par à-coups à la valeur de courant maximale (I_max) du courant de compensation (I_k).
  6. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'augmentation retardée dans le temps du courant de compensation (I_k) présente au moins un tracé de rampe (Δt1) constant dans le temps et/ou un tracé par à-coups à une valeur de courant moyenne (I_mid) suivi d'une augmentation à la valeur de courant maximale (I_max).
  7. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'électrovanne (1, 101) est réalisée sous la forme d'un distributeur à 3/2 voies doté d'une entrée de pression (2a), d'une première sortie de pression (2b) et d'une deuxième sortie de pression (2c), la première sortie de pression (2b), dans les deux positions d'induit (I, II), étant respectivement reliée soit à l'entrée de pression (2a), soit à la deuxième sortie de pression (2c) et l'autre raccord (2c, 2a) respectif étant fermé.
  8. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux dispositifs électromagnétiques (18, 19) sont branchés sous la forme d'un circuit série ou d'un circuit parallèle et peuvent être alimentés électriquement en commun dans les deux opérations de commutation (SV1, SV2) .
  9. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5) selon la revendication 1 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux dispositifs électromagnétiques (18, 19) peuvent être alimentés électriquement par le dispositif de commande (40) dans une première direction pour l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1) et dans une deuxième direction opposée à la première direction pour l'opération de commutation d'induit (SV2).
  10. Dispositif d'électrovanne (5, 105) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'arrangement de circuit (30) possède :
    des composants d'excitation côté haut (Tr1, Tr2), par exemple des transistors, qui sont branchés entre une tension d'alimentation haute (Uv) et les deux dispositifs électromagnétiques (18, 19) et
    des composants d'excitation côté bas (Tr3, Tr4), par exemple des transistors, qui sont branchés entre les deux dispositifs électromagnétiques (18, 19) et une tension d'alimentation basse, par exemple la masse (GND), les composants d'excitation côté haut (Tr1, Tr2) et les composants d'excitation côté bas (Tr3, Tr4) pouvant être commutés, notamment permutés en alternance, pour les opérations de commutation (SV1, SV2) .
  11. Procédé de commutation d'une électrovanne (1, 101) bistable, avec lequel, dans une opération de commutation d'induit (SV2), un dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19) est alimenté électriquement avec un courant de commutation (I2s) en vue de former un champ électromagnétique de commutation (EM2) par lequel un induit (7) est positionné d'une première position d'induit (I) à une deuxième position d'induit (II), des moyens formant vanne (8, 9, 10, 11) étant positionnés par l'induit (7), l'induit (7) étant maintenu dans la deuxième position d'induit (II) par un champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien d'un dispositif à aimant permanent (16, 116) de maintien, et l'induit (7) étant rappelé dans la première position d'induit (I) dans une opération de commutation de rappel (SV1) par un dispositif de rappel (12, 18 ; 70), le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19), dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), étant alimenté électriquement avec un courant de compensation (I_K) destiné à former un champ électromagnétique de compensation (EM2_k) destiné à compenser au moins partiellement le champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien, le courant de compensation (I_K) et le courant de commutation (I2_S) étant orientés en sens inverse, le courant de compensation (I_k) étant injecté dans le dispositif électromagnétique de commutation (19) avec variation dans le temps et/ou de manière croissante dans le temps et n'atteignant une valeur de courant maximale (I_max) qu'après un intervalle de temps de mise en marche (Δ_t1), l'induit (7) dans la deuxième position d'induit (II) reposant contre un noyau de maintien (14) à travers lequel se propage le champ magnétique permanent (PM2) de maintien, et dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), l'induit (7) étant écarté du noyau de maintien (14) encore avant d'atteindre la valeur de courant maximale (I_max) du courant de compensation (I_k) en formant un entrefer (22) entre l'induit (7) et le noyau de maintien (14) en vue d'affaiblir le champ magnétique permanent (PM2) et le champ électromagnétique de compensation.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), le courant de compensation (I_k) est accru avec une augmentation retardée dans le temps, constante et/ou par à-coups à la valeur de courant maximale (I_max).
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'augmentation retardée dans le temps présente au moins un tracé de rampe constant et/ou un tracé par à-coups à une valeur de courant moyenne (I_mid).
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 11 à 13, caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de rappel (12, 18) possède un premier dispositif électromagnétique (18)
    dans l'opération de commutation de rappel (SV1), le premier dispositif électromagnétique (18) étant alimenté électriquement en formant un premier champ électromagnétique (EM1) qui attire l'induit (7) dans la première position d'induit (I),
    l'induit (7) étant maintenu dans la première position d'induit (I) par un premier champ magnétique permanent (PM1),
    dans l'opération de commutation d'induit (SV2), le premier dispositif électromagnétique (18) étant alimenté électriquement pour former un premier champ électromagnétique de compensation (EM1_k) destiné à compenser au moins partiellement le premier champ magnétique permanent (PM1), de préférence avec une alimentation électrique correspondante dans les deux opérations de commutation (SV1, SV2).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que dans les deux opérations de commutation (SV1, SV2), les deux dispositifs électromagnétiques (18, 19) sont branchés en série ou en parallèle et alimentés électriquement en commun.
EP16000598.9A 2015-04-25 2016-03-12 Dispositif d'electrovanne pour un systeme de fluide et procede de commutation d'une electrovanne Active EP3086335B1 (fr)

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CN114017534B (zh) * 2021-11-12 2023-06-13 中国航发贵州红林航空动力控制科技有限公司 一种具有位置自锁功能的两位三通电磁阀

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DE2650810A1 (de) * 1976-11-06 1978-05-11 Kernforschung Gmbh Ges Fuer Magnetventil
US4751487A (en) * 1987-03-16 1988-06-14 Deltrol Corp. Double acting permanent magnet latching solenoid
DE3730381C2 (de) 1987-09-10 1997-06-12 Kuhnke Gmbh Kg H Bistabiles Magnetventil mit dauermagnetischer Haltekraft
US4883025A (en) 1988-02-08 1989-11-28 Magnavox Government And Industrial Electronics Company Potential-magnetic energy driven valve mechanism
DE10203013A1 (de) * 2002-01-26 2003-08-14 Danfoss As Impulsbetriebener Elektromagnet
CN101399124B (zh) 2007-09-24 2010-11-10 王光顺 一种双稳态永磁操作机构的控制电路
DE102007063479A1 (de) * 2007-12-20 2008-11-20 Siemens Ag Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zum Erzeugen eines eine Endlage eines Elektromagneten anzeigenden Signals
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