Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
  • C21D9/18—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
  • B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
  • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
  • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
  • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
  • B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
  • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
  • B23P15/28—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass cutting tools
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B26B9/00—Blades for hand knives
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
  • B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
  • B32B15/015—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
  • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
  • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
  • C21D1/58—Oils
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
  • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
  • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
  • C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
  • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
  • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
  • B32B2307/536—Hardness
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
  • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
  • B32B2603/00—Vanes, blades, propellers, rotors with blades
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
  • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
  • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
  • C21D2211/008—Martensite

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the technical field of cutting blades and their methods of obtaining.
• the present invention relates in particular to the field of cutlery, as well as the field of household appliances or household appliances for culinary preparation comprising a cutting tool, such as in particular food processors, choppers or mixers, including the mixer feet.
• a cutting tool such as in particular food processors, choppers or mixers, including the mixer feet.
• FR2554388 it is known from FR2554388 to produce a three-layered steel-coated material comprising a core made of hard chromium steel and side flanks made of tough corrosion-resistant material, such as a stainless steel containing nickel and chromium. This colaminated material is produced without intermediate bonding layer between the hard core and the stubborn lateral flanks.
• An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting blade having good initial cutting properties and satisfactory longevity, which is fragile, affutable, and has good impact resistance as well as corrosion.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for obtaining a cutting blade having good initial cutting properties and satisfactory longevity, which is not very fragile, affutable, and which has good impact resistance as well as 'to corrosion.
• a multilayer cutting blade comprising a heart having a cutting wire, two lateral flanks each partially covering one of the faces of the heart, and two intermediate bonding thicknesses each interposed between the heart and one or the other of the lateral flanks, the lateral flanks being made of tough corrosion-resistant metal alloy, each intermediate bonding thickness having a first bonding face with the core and a second bonding face with one or the other of side flanks, the first connecting face and the second connecting face being made of copper or copper alloy, because the core is made of martensitic stainless steel and the thickness of the core is greater than or equal to one-third of the thickness of the cutting blade.
• the thickness of the core is greater than or equal to half the thickness of the cutting blade.
• the core is made of a martensitic stainless steel grade that gives a high hardness after quenching.
• the use of a martensitic stainless steel grade for the core makes it possible to combine satisfactory cutting properties and satisfactory corrosion resistance of the cutting wire.
• a martensitic stainless steel grade for high hardness after quenching is preferred.
• the thickness of the core ensures sufficient stiffness to obtain a satisfactory bending resistance limiting notoriously the permanent deformations of the cutting blade.
• the intermediate bonding thicknesses provide adhesion between the martensitic stainless steel core and the side flanks, while revealing the multilayer structure of the cutting blade.
• the side faces made of a tough material with good corrosion resistance provide protection against shocks.
• the core has a hardness greater than or equal to 52 HRc, and preferably greater than or equal to 58 HRc. This characteristic makes it possible to place oneself in conditions favoring optimal cutting properties.
• the core has a hardness of less than or equal to 62 HRc, and preferably less than or equal to 60 HRc. This feature prevents the cutting wire of the cutting blade is too fragile.
• the cutting wire has an apex angle of between 20 ° and 50 °. This characteristic makes it possible to obtain good cutting properties. Preferably the apex angle is between 25 ° and 35 °. This feature optimizes the cutting properties.
• the cutting wire is defined by two-sided sharpening.
• two-sided sharpening is symmetrical.
• at least one of the intermediate bonding thicknesses is formed by a layer of copper or copper alloy.
• At least one of the intermediate bonding thicknesses is formed by a multilayer structure comprising two outer layers of copper or copper alloy, forming the first bonding face and the second bonding face, at least an interlayer of corrosion-resistant tough metal alloy being arranged between the two outer layers, an interfacial layer of copper or copper alloy being arranged between two adjacent intermediate layers.
• the intermediate layer or layers are made of stainless steel.
• the first connecting face and the second connecting face of each intermediate bonding thickness are composed of pure copper or a copper-nickel alloy comprising up to 25% of nickel, preferably a copper alloy nickel comprising up to 10% nickel.
• the first connecting face and the second connecting face of each intermediate bonding thickness are composed of a copper-silver alloy for high temperature brazing.
• the side flanks are made of stainless steel. This arrangement provides a powerful cutting blade without using expensive materials.
• the lateral flanks are made of austenitic stainless steel.
• Such stainless steel ensures excellent corrosion resistance of the side flanks of the cutting blades.
• the lateral flanks have a non-sharpened external face coated, in particular with a PVD-type coating, or with an electrolytic coating. This arrangement makes it possible to promote blade / food slide during cutting.
• the cutting blade has a total thickness of between 1 and 8 mm.
• the core has a thickness of between 0.2 and 4 mm.
• each intermediate bonding thickness has a thickness between 50 and 250 ⁇ .
• each lateral flank has a thickness between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
• the invention also relates to a method for obtaining a multilayer cutting blade comprising the following steps:
• a core made of martensitic stainless steel the thickness of which is greater than or equal to one third of the thickness of the multilayer structure
• each intermediate bonding thickness being made of copper or copper alloy, or having an alternation of layers made either of copper or of a copper alloy, either of tough corrosion-resistant metal alloy, so that each layer of intermediate bonding thicknesses adjacent to the core or one of the side flanks is made of copper or copper alloy,
• Cutting a form of cutting blade in the multilayer sheet Heat treatment of the cutting blade shape at a temperature of between 1000 ° C and 1100 ° C followed by quenching with oil or air ,
• the method consists of making or using a multilaminated sheet metal assembled by bonding, in which the layers of the intermediate bonding thicknesses made of copper or copper alloy are composed of pure copper or a copper-copper alloy. nickel containing up to 25% nickel, preferably a copper-nickel alloy comprising up to 10% nickel.
• the method consists of making or using a brazed assembly multilayer sheet, in which the layers of intermediate bonding thicknesses made of copper alloy are composed of a copper-silver alloy for brazing at high temperature.
• FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic cross-sectional view of a first exemplary embodiment of a cutting blade according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a partial schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a cutting blade according to the invention.
• the cutting blade 1 is a multilayer cutting blade, comprising a core 2 having a cutting wire 3, two lateral flanks 5 each partially covering one of the faces of the core, two intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 being interposed each between the core 2 and one or other of the lateral flanks 5.
• Each intermediate bonding thickness 4 has a first bonding face 8 with the core 2 and a second bonding face 9 with one or the other of the lateral flanks 5.
• the cutting wire 3 is defined by a sharpening 6 biface, preferably symmetrical.
• the grinding 6 extends to the side flanks 5 by revealing the intermediate connecting thicknesses 4 between the core 2 and the side flanks 5 on either side of the cutting wire 3.
• Each of the lateral flanks 5 has a face external material 7 extending to the area of the sharpening 6.
• the sharpening 6 can be performed on a single face of the cutting blade 1 after forming the cutting wire 3.
• the cutting wire 3 advantageously has an apex angle of between 20 ° and 50 °, and preferably between 25 ° and 35 °. In the example of embodiment illustrated in Figure 1, the apex angle of the cutting wire 3 is 30 °.
• each intermediate bonding thickness 4 is formed by a layer of copper or copper alloy.
• each intermediate bonding thickness 4 is formed by a multilayer structure comprising two outer layers 10 made of copper or copper alloy, two interlayers 1 1 made of tenacious metallic alloy resistant to corrosion. arranged between the outer layers 10, and an interfacial layer 12 of copper or copper alloy arranged between the two intermediate layers 1 January.
• the outer layers 10 form the first connecting face 8 and the second connecting face 9.
• the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 are formed by a copper or copper alloy layer constituting the first bonding face 8 and the second bonding face 9, or by alternating layers of copper or copper alloy, on the one hand, and interlayers 1 1 corrugated metal alloy resistant to corrosion, on the other hand, the first connecting face 8 and the second connecting face 9 being made of copper or copper alloy.
• the core 2 is made of martensitic stainless steel.
• a high hardness after quenching can thus be obtained, in particular a hardness greater than or equal to 52 HRc, and preferably greater than or equal to 58 HRc.
• a hardness less than or equal to 62 HRc, and preferably less than or equal to 60 HRc is however preferred, to prevent the cutting wire 3 is too fragile.
• the martensitic stainless steel grades typically used are, for example: X65CM 3, X105CrMoV15, X50CrMoV15, X40CrMoVN16-2.
• the first connecting face 8 and the second connecting face 9 of each intermediate connecting thickness 4 are composed of pure copper, or a copper-nickel alloy 90% Cu-10% Ni having a brass type coloration.
• a coloration is observed for a copper-nickel alloy comprising up to 10% nickel.
• the alloy loses its color and therefore its aesthetic interest.
• copper-nickel alloys with up to 25% nickel can be used.
• These alloys used in the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 give a colaminated assembly a very good mechanical strength without decohesion up to about 1100 ° C., which makes it possible to carry out the quenching necessary for the hardening of the core 2 of martensitic stainless steel.
• Such an embodiment corresponds in particular to a colaminated embodiment of the multilayer cutting blade 1.
• the multilayer cutting blade 1 can be made by soldering.
• a silver copper alloy for high temperature solder may be used to form the first bonding face 8 and the second bonding face 9 of each intermediate bonding thickness 4.
• the side flanks 5 are made of tough metal alloy resistant to corrosion.
• the lateral flanks 5 are advantageously made of stainless steel, in particular of austenitic stainless steel.
• an austenitic stainless steel type X5CrNi18-10 (SUS304) is used, in order to guarantee excellent resistance to corrosion of the unsharpened external faces 7 of the cutting blades 1.
• Other materials may however be used, including titanium or its alloys, a ferritic or martensitic stainless steel.
• a multilayer structure can also be envisaged for the lateral flanks 5, in particular a stack of several different layers of stainless steel of different nature.
• the lateral flanks 5 may have a non-sharpened external face 7 coated, in particular with a PVD type coating (physical vapor phase deposition), or with an electrolytic coating.
• PVD type coating physical vapor phase deposition
• the ratio between the thickness of the core 2 and the total thickness of the multilayer cutting blade 1 is greater than or equal to 1/3, and preferably greater than or equal to 0.5.
• the thickness of the core 2 is greater than or equal to one third of the thickness of the cutting blade 1, and preferably greater than or equal to half the thickness of the cutting blade 1.
• the thickness of the core 2 is preferably greater than or equal to half the thickness of the cutting blade 1.
• the ratio between the thickness of the core 2 and the total thickness of the multilayer cutting blade 1 is preferably less than 0.8, in order to have sufficient thicknesses for the lateral flanks 5 and for the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4.
• the cutting blade 1 preferably has a total thickness of between 1 mm and 8 mm.
• the thickness of the cutting blade 1 is defined between the outer faces of the lateral flanks 5.
• the core 2 may have a thickness of between 0.2 and 4 mm.
• Each intermediate bonding thickness 4 may have a thickness of between 50 and 250 ⁇ .
• Each lateral flank 5 may have a thickness of between 0.2 mm and 2 mm.
• the multilayer cutting blade 1 can be obtained in several different ways, in particular by bonding or brazing.
• the bonding is carried out at high temperature, typically between 800 ° C and 1100 ° C.
• This technological path of the bonding makes it possible to obtain excellent adhesion of the various layers of the multilayer cutting blade 1, in particular during the heat treatment.
• the main difficulty consists in not modifying the metallurgical properties of the martensitic stainless steel forming the core 2: growth of the grain size, evolution of the distribution of secondary carbides, etc.). If desired, the bonding may be carried out under vacuum.
• Brazing can be achieved by using a high temperature copper / silver alloy solder for the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4.
• the cutting blade 1 is cut after obtaining the multilayer structure comprising the lateral flanks 5, the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 and the core 2, generally by laser cutting.
• Measurement of cutting performance is achieved through characterizations to quantify the cutting performance of a cutting blade.
• Such a test is described in the EN ISO 8442-5 standard. This standard describes how to measure the ICP (initial cutting power) and TCC (cutting resistance) parameter of a cutting blade. The treatments described above make it possible to substantially improve the TCC parameter without degrading the initial cutting power.
• the corrosion resistance of the blades is verified according to the descriptions of EN ISO 8442-1. Corrosion resistance tests verified that the corrosion resistance of 304 stainless steel was not impaired.
• At least one of the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 may be formed by a layer of copper or copper alloy.
• At least one of the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 may be formed by a multilayer structure comprising two outer layers 10 of copper or copper alloy, at least one intermediate layer 11 made of tenacious metallic alloy resistant to corrosion. corrosion arranged between the two outer layers 10, an interfacial layer 12 of copper or copper alloy then being arranged between two adjacent interlayer layers 1 1 when the intermediate bonding thickness 4 has several interlayers 1 1.
• each interlayer 1 1 is arranged between two outer layers 10, or between an outer layer 10 and an interfacial layer 12, or between two interfacial layers 12.
• the invention also relates to a method for obtaining a multilayer cutting blade 1 comprising the following steps:
• each intermediate bonding thickness 4 being made of copper or copper alloy, or having an alternation of layers made either in copper or copper alloy, either of tough corrosion-resistant metal alloy, so that each layer of intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 adjacent to the heart or one of the lateral flanks is made of copper or copper alloy,
• the method consists in producing or using a multilayer sheet joined by bonding, in which the layers of the intermediate bonding layers 4 made of copper or copper alloy are composed of pure copper or a copper alloy nickel up to 25% nickel, preferably a copper-nickel alloy comprising up to 10% nickel.
• the method consists in producing or using a brazed assembly multilayer sheet, in which the layers of the intermediate bonding thicknesses 4 made of copper alloy are composed of a copper-silver alloy for high-temperature brazing .

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Knives (AREA)
• Laminated Bodies (AREA)
• Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

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• 2013
  • 2013-12-20 FR FR1363312A patent/FR3015336B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2014
  • 2014-12-18 US US15/106,629 patent/US20160333436A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-12-18 KR KR1020167019133A patent/KR20160102222A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-12-18 JP JP2016540976A patent/JP2017502847A/ja active Pending
  • 2014-12-18 CA CA2934057A patent/CA2934057A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2014-12-18 EP EP14830984.2A patent/EP3083240A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2014-12-18 WO PCT/FR2014/053434 patent/WO2015092304A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2014-12-18 CN CN201480073017.8A patent/CN105899355A/zh active Pending

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