EP3081450B1 - Transport vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle with a retractable and extendable footboard for people or cargo. Such rail vehicles are known from local and long-distance traffic and drive to different stations and stops. Since a platform upper edge never seamlessly with the, and at the same level as the bottom of the rail vehicle completes - for example, the platform runs along a curve - there is always a gap of different sizes between entrances of the rail vehicle and platform edge. Therefore, to prevent accidents, rail vehicles - but also passenger buses - have movable running boards which bridge this gap.

Prior art

In general, these extendable running boards of rail vehicles, such as commuter trains but also high-speed trains are known. The most varied variations of such running boards are used: high-folding step treads, folding steps or retractable running boards.

In addition, there is a need to adapt the known running boards in each case to the local conditions, and in particular to compensate for height and distance differences according to requirements.

The German utility model DE 201 04 221 U1 discloses a height-adjustable treadle for a boarding of a rail vehicle. In this case, a ramp is slidably disposed in a Rampenkassette, wherein the Rampenkassette is inserted in the retracted state of the ramp flush in the floor of the rail vehicle. In the application, both the treadle and the footboard is lowered and it can be a barrier-free access.

In the publication font FR 2 976 891 A1 a tread module with a retractable footboard for a rail vehicle is shown, which can be adapted via rack and pinion gear to different platforms. Again lowers or raises the entire module with footboard, so that a barrier-free access is possible.

The French patent FR 2 947 224 B1 shows a lowerable treadle for a threshold, step or curb, for example, on a street. This device introduces an extendable ramp and a cover, which serves as a step at the same time - in the non-extended state of the ramp. When the ramp is extended, it settles on the surface in front of the step, at the same time the cover lowers and together these parts form a continuous slope, which leads from the lower surface up to the level of the step. Thus, on the one hand comfortable walking without running ramp and on the other hand also a barrier-free access can be guaranteed.

The publication DE 43 30 638 A1 refers to a device for climbing and rolling over a ramp attached to passenger vehicles, such as buses or trams. This is housed in a flat housing, which is hinged with its side opposite the extension side pivotally in the underfloor area of the vehicle. The extension side of the housing is resiliently supported, and the pivoting range of the housing is limited by a stop. A limitable when swiveling the housing limit switch influenced with its control signal provided for the extension and retraction of the ramp control circuit.

Disadvantages of the prior art

The solutions according to the prior art have good properties in use, but these are very complex and therefore prone to malfunction.

problem

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, which has a running board, which in turn has a simple and robust structure and high user-friendliness.

Inventive solution

The above object is achieved by a transport vehicle having the features of claim 1. The transport vehicle, which is designed in particular as a rail vehicle, has a floor in order to be able to receive persons or even transport goods thereon.

According to the invention, a transport vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, is provided, which has a floor for receiving transported goods and / or persons, and a bridge device which is pivotable relative to the floor about an axis of rotation and has an approved free pivot play, with a bridge device opposite the floor on a first side of the bridge device extendable and retractable Has bridge element. The bridge device has a second side, which is the first side opposite. The bridge device is arranged below the floor and covered with retracted bridge element substantially completely through the ground.

The axis of rotation typically extends in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle and therefore allows pivotal movement of the bridge device about the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle.

This floor, in particular its surface, is to serve in the following as a reference for direction and location information: Based on a cross-sectional view through the transport vehicle in its use position - located on its wheels - the area between the road or rails and the floor as "under" designated the ground; above-planned facilities o.ä. lie "above" the ground. In addition, for horizontal orientation with respect to an imaginary central or longitudinal axis of the transport vehicle, an inner area and an outer area are defined, wherein the inner area in the middle vicinity of the central or longitudinal axis and the outer area is located at the edge of the cross section. All location or direction information such as above, below, inside and outside are to be understood accordingly and with respect to the respective feature.

The transport vehicle further comprises a bridge device with a by means of a, possibly automatic, displacement device outwardly extendable and inwardly retractable bridge element. In the case of a training of the transport vehicle as a passenger transport means, the bridge element is usually formed as a footboard and serves to bridge a distance between an outer edge of the floor and a passenger or platform. In this case, the bridge device and thus also the bridge element relative to the ground are pivotally mounted about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation. Furthermore, the bridge device is arranged on an underside of the floor, that is to say under the floor, wherein the bridge device with the bridge element in the retracted state is substantially completely covered by the floor. This has the advantage of being able to react flexibly to different heights and distances of passenger climbs, for example, by extending the bridge element more or less. On the other hand, the transport surface of the bottom of the transport vehicle can be used to the maximum since the area of the floor above the bridge device can be used by persons or for goods to be transported. This significantly improves the profitability of the transport vehicle.

The bridge device has a first side, or a first end, to which the bridge element can be extended, respectively from which it is retractable. A side opposite to the first side is called a second side, or second end. The first side typically faces the outside of the transport vehicle. When extending the bridge element this projects beyond the outer contour of the transport vehicle.

A functional feature according to the invention is that the bridge device has a free approved game upwards due to its pivotability. It has been shown that generic transport vehicles occupy varying height conditions, ie distances between the vehicle floor and the respective driving surface. These can be caused by different load conditions or wear of the running units such as wheels or suspensions. The variation of the height may even occur during standstill of the transport vehicle, for example by loading or unloading. The play of the bridging device effectively enables the bridging device to not be pressed against a railway or pavement during lowering, tilting or rolling of the transport vehicle and consequently deformed or misjudged by it. With reference to the floor of the transport vehicle, the railway or passenger platform advantageously lifts the bridge device gently as part of the game. When lowering the transport vehicle, the bridge device performs an evasive movement with respect to the train or passenger platform. The displacement device for extending and retracting the bridge element is thus not loaded and the bridge element can be retracted without tilting.

The transport vehicle can be designed as a rail vehicle or as a utility or motor vehicle. Rail vehicles with a high number of wagons have such a large overall length that platforms are curved due to local space constraints, whereby the distance between platform edge and outer bottom edge varies and / or the train is partially inclined with respect to its cross section - these variations can be effectively compensated by the proposed solution. However, it is also conceivable training the transport vehicle as a passenger bus. Modern bus lines are routed in inner city traffic on reserved lanes, which are provided at these lanes stops with a kind of platforms. These are increased and allow easy boarding. Again, a gap between the vehicle and platform is spanned and balanced by a bridge device.

According to the invention, the transport vehicle has a first stop, which is fixed to the transport vehicle, for example on a supporting frame. The first stop effectively limits the allowable free pivoting movement of the first side of the bridge device downward, i. off the ground. This causes the bridge device to float freely even under load, in particular over a passenger or platform and not supported on this. This allows a fast and interference-free extension and retraction of the bridge element, since no settling is necessary and thus no friction and shear forces must be overcome. The position of the first stop is of subordinate importance for the time being: this should primarily be chosen such that the orientation of the support of the bridge element takes place substantially relative to the transport vehicle.

According to a further embodiment, the first stop is indirectly or directly connected to the floor or the car body shell of the transport vehicle and fixed relative thereto. This makes it possible that the inclination, ie the horizontal orientation of the bridge element relative to the ground is substantially fixed, and in particular corresponds to that of the soil. This is of particular importance in passenger transport, since different orientations can lead to accidents due to tripping or slipping.

Particularly advantageous for passenger transport is proposed in a further embodiment, the top of the bridge element form a tread. For this purpose, the first stop is to be determined in such a way with respect to the ground, and the first support means are to be arranged on the bridge device such that the tread surface of the bridge element is aligned in a use state substantially parallel to the vehicle floor and / or horizontally. This results in an improved protection of persons against slipping or stumbling.

The object of the invention is achieved by a transport vehicle having a floor for receiving transported goods and / or persons, and a bridge device having a bridge element device which is pivotable relative to the floor about a rotation axis and has a bridge element which can be extended and retracted on a first side of the bridge device having. In this case, a first stop for limiting the pivoting or tilting movement of the bridge device relative to the ground between the bridge device and the ground is arranged on a side facing away from the extendable bridge element second side. The pivot axis of the bridge member is spaced between the first and second sides (first and second ends) such that the first and second sides make opposite pivotal motions as the bridge device moves about the pivot axis. Thus, the advantage is achieved that the bridge device, even under load freely, especially over a passenger or platform, floats and is not supported on this. This support takes place at the first stop upwards. The first stop is arranged above the bridge device on the ground, whereby the space in the vertical direction is used efficiently. This advantage is enhanced if, preferably, the bridge device is rotatably mounted on an underside of the bottom.

According to a further embodiment, the transport vehicle has a second stop which limits the permitted free pivoting movement of the first side of the bridge device upwards. This is preferably arranged between the bridge device and the ground. The bridge device therefore comprises with respect to the axis of rotation on the outside lying, cooperating with the second stop second support means. Thus, the bridge device can to a certain extent compensate for a lowering of the transport vehicle without jamming or tilting of the bridge device or the bridge element in the displacement device for extension and retraction. This possible compensation movement is limited by the second stop in order to prevent an uncontrolled dynamic state of the bridge device - for example when driving fast - or to minimize its effects.

According to a further embodiment, the second stop is formed integrally with the bottom and in particular can be formed thereon. As a result, the space below the floor is used very efficiently.

Possibly. the second support means may be formed purely functional on the bridge element.

On the basis of a further embodiment, it is stated that the first and second stop permits a pivoting movement of the bridge device of at least 2 °. Also, the second stop can be arranged on the ground and the second support means on the bridge device such that a tread surface can be tilted at least by 2 degrees with respect to the ground. At maximum pivoting of the tread upwards this includes with the ground an obtuse angle greater than or equal to 178 ° degrees.

According to a preferred embodiment, an angular range of the inclination of the tread surface relative to the ground is 2 - 5 degrees, more preferably 2 - 4 degrees, and most preferably 2-3 degrees.

According to the invention, the bridge device is designed to be similar to a rocker and, if necessary, to be mounted centrally on the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation is disposed between the first and second sides of the bridge device. According to the invention, the bridge device is provided on the second side with first support means, which in turn cooperate with the first stop, and thus limit the pivoting movement. The support of the support means on the first stop is thus upwards. For this purpose, the first stop above the bridge device is preferably arranged on the floor. Thus, the space below the bottom of the transport vehicle is used efficiently, since the support of the bridge device is made very space saving directly between the ground and bridge device. The bridge device can thus be arranged directly below the ground.

The axis of rotation of the bridge device may preferably be placed off-center towards the second side of the bridge device. In particular, this shows that an arrangement of the axis of rotation at a distance of about one third of the total length of the bridge device from the end of the second side is particularly favorable in terms of the storage of the bridge device during the journey of the rail vehicle.

According to a further embodiment, the first stop may be integrally formed with the bottom and in particular be formed thereon. If, in particular, the lower surface of the floor - possibly with a glued-on damper - is used as the first stop, the space below the floor is used very efficiently.

According to one embodiment, the first stop is connected to the ground by means of a holder for fixing with respect to the ground.

Furthermore, it is proposed to form the support - at least partially - by a vehicle frame arranged below the floor. It is conceivable that the floor is substantially fixed on a vehicle frame, and the first stop directly or indirectly through e.g. an additional carrier - is arranged on this vehicle frame. This is used to accommodate the first stop in the existing support structure and it can be dispensed with heavy additional attachments essentially.

According to the bridge element is designed as a separate component and is slidably mounted on or in the bridge device. The bridge device itself is pivotally mounted on the ground, whereby the axis of rotation is arranged fixed relative to the ground.

Particularly clearly shows the advantageous expression of one or more of the above embodiments and embodiments, when the transport vehicle is designed as a rail vehicle having bogies and a flexibly mounted thereon car body, wherein the bridge device is provided at the bottom of the car body.

The above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other as long as the resulting combinations belong to the claimed scope.

Brief description of the figures

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments and embodiments thereof, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The elements of the drawings are relative to one another and not necessarily to scale.

• Fig. 1 zeigt ein Transportmittel in Ausführung als Schienenfahrzeug,
• Fig. 2 a - c zeigen eine Brückenvorrichtung in drei unterschiedlichen Betriebszuständen.

Like reference numerals designate corresponding parts accordingly.

• Fig. 1 shows a means of transport in the form of a rail vehicle,
• Fig. 2 a - c show a bridge device in three different operating states.

embodiments

Fig. 1 1 shows a rail vehicle 1 comprising two wagons 2 with bridge devices 10 provided in the region of the doors 6. The wagons 2 are mounted on bogies 3. Such a rail vehicle 1 is suitable for approaching a stop, not shown here, so that passengers can enter and exit through doors 6 via the bridge devices 10 from a platform 4 into wagons 2.

The Fig. 2a to 3b provide a first embodiment of the invention with reference to two versions, which are each shown in different operating conditions.

The execution according to Fig. 2a to 2c shows a section of a cross section through the car 2 during a stop at a platform 4. Here, the bottom 5, the door 6, an edge of the platform 4 and the bridge device 10 are shown. The platform 4 is spaced at a horizontal distance A from the bottom 5. The bridge device 10 is designed similar rocker and pivotally mounted by means of the rotating device 14 according to a horizontal axis of rotation 15 under the bottom 5. In this way, bridge device 10 is supported on an inner side via a first stop 11 directly opposite the bottom 5 and is thus held in position. For this purpose, the bridge device 10 at a corresponding with the first stop 11 point - for example, on its inner top, ie on an inner side with respect to the axis of rotation 15 - suitable support means, such as hard rubber surfaces. According to this embodiment, the bridge device 10 comprises a bridge element 12, which is mounted on the bridge device 10 in a retractable manner by means of an automatic displacement device 13 provided in the bridge device 10.

Fig. 2a shows the bridge device 10 with retracted bridge element 12. This position takes the bridge device 10, for example, during the journey of the rail vehicle 1 a. The bridge element 12 is completely inserted into the bridge device 10, which is completely covered by the bottom 5. The doors 2 are closed.

Based Fig. 2b the trouble-free operating position of the bridge device 10 when stopping at a platform 4 should be clarified. The doors 2 are open and the bridge element 12 with the tread surface 8 arranged thereon is the displacement measure V extended. Passengers can now get on and off the tread 8. The bridge element 12 engages over the platform 4, so that the distance A is bridged and in the horizontal direction no gap between platform 4 and bridge element 12 is present. The displacement measure V of the displacement device 13 of the bridge device 10 is therefore greater than the distance A.

Due to the mounting and support of the bridge device 10 on the first stop 11, the bridge element 12 maintains its position and does not tilt downwardly. The first stop 11 is thus positioned and dimensioned on the bottom 5, so that the bridge element 12 is aligned substantially horizontally. If the access and exit process is completed close the doors 2 and the now unloaded bridge element 12 is retracted by means of the displacement device 13 in the bridge device 10.

Fig. 2c leads to the special case that - by, for example, strong, one-sided payload at a stop - the bottom 5 is lowered and / or tilts in the direction of the platform 4. From a certain extent, the lowering of the bottom 5, the bridge element 12 previously crosses the platform 4 touches the platform 4. Here is the advantageous expression, since the bridge element 12 and thus the entire bridge device 10 with respect to the bottom 5 are swung up. By this compensation of the lowering of the floor is prevented, for example, the displacement device 13 jammed, which led to a delay in the departure of the rail vehicle 1. The outer second stop 9 is dimensioned and positioned so that a deflection by an angle α of at least 2 ° degrees with respect to the normal starting position, for example shown in FIG Fig. 2b , is allowed.

While specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it is within the scope of the present invention to properly modify the illustrated embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

track vehicle

2

wagon

3

bogie

4

platform

5

ground

6

door

8th

tread

9

second stop

10

bridge device

11

first stop

12

bridge element

13

Shifter

14

rotator

15

axis of rotation

A

distance

V

shifting magnitude

α

corner

Claims (9)

1. A transport vehicle, in particular railway vehicle (1), comprising

   - a floor (5) for receiving goods and/or persons, and

   - a bridge device (10) which can be pivoted relative to the floor (5) about a horizontal axis of rotation (15) and thereby has an allowed free pivotal play having a bridge element (12) which can be extended and retracted relative to the floor (5) on a first side of the bridge device (10),

   - the bridge element (12) being designed as a separate component and being displaceably mounted on the bridge device (10),

   - wherein the bridge device (10) has a second side which is opposite the first side, is located below the floor (5) and is substantially completely covered by the floor (5) when the bridge element (12) is retracted, and wherein the bridge device (10) is pivotally attached to the floor (5), wherein the axis of rotation (15) is fixed with respect to the floor (5), and

   - wherein the bridge device (10) being designed as a seesaw and being mounted on the axis of rotation (15) arranged between the first and second sides of the bridge device (10), characterized in that

   - a first abutment (11) is fixed to the transport vehicle in such a way, and the bridge device (10) is provided with first support means on the second side in such a way that the allowed free pivotal movement of the first side of the bridge element (12) downwards, away from the ground (5) is limited by an interaction of the first abutment with the first support means.
2. The transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterised in that the first abutment (11) is connected directly or indirectly to the floor (5) or to the body shell and is fixed in relation thereto.
3. The transport vehicle in according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that

   - an upper side of the bridge element (12) is embodied as a stepping surface (8),

   - and the first abutment (11) is arranged fixedly with respect to the floor (5) and/or the transport vehicle and first support means (36) corresponding to the first abutment (11) are arranged at the bridge device (10) in such a way that the stepping surface (8) of the bridge element (12) is aligned substantially parallel to the floor (5) and/or essentially horizontally.
4. The transport vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a second abutment (11) is fixed to the transport vehicle and limits the allowed free pivoting movement of the first side of the bridge element (12) upwards towards the ground (5).
5. Transport vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the second abutment is formed integrally with the floor (5) and integrally formed thereon.
6. The transport vehicle according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the first and second abutment (9) allow a pivoting movement of the bridge device of at least 2°.
7. The transport vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first abutment (11) is formed integrally with the floor (5) and integrally formed thereon.
8. The transport vehicle in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that

   - the bridge device (10) is pivotably attached to the car body shell below the floor (5).
9. Transport vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transport vehicle is designed as a rail vehicle (1) which has bogies (3) and a carriage body mounted flexibly thereon, the bridge device (10) being provided on the floor (5) of the carriage body.

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