EP3079966B2 - Procédé pour présenter à des usagers de la route des informations concernant le fonctionnement d'un véhicule ferroviaire - Google Patents

Procédé pour présenter à des usagers de la route des informations concernant le fonctionnement d'un véhicule ferroviaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3079966B2
EP3079966B2 EP14816183.9A EP14816183A EP3079966B2 EP 3079966 B2 EP3079966 B2 EP 3079966B2 EP 14816183 A EP14816183 A EP 14816183A EP 3079966 B2 EP3079966 B2 EP 3079966B2
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Prior art keywords
rail vehicle
projection
driven
travel path
area
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EP14816183.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3079966A2 (fr
EP3079966B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Tempel
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Alstom Transportation Germany GmbH
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Bombardier Transportation GmbH
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Application filed by Bombardier Transportation GmbH filed Critical Bombardier Transportation GmbH
Priority to PL14816183.9T priority Critical patent/PL3079966T5/pl
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Publication of EP3079966B1 publication Critical patent/EP3079966B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D29/00—Lighting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L23/00—Control, warning, or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L29/00—Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for presenting information to road users about the operation of a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle that is specially equipped for such a method.
  • acoustic signals such as horns, horns and bells are used.
  • Such warnings are not sufficient to protect against collisions, especially in places that are difficult to see, for example in pedestrian zones near bus stops and intersections.
  • several trams coming from different directions or departing in different directions, often meet, which makes the situation particularly confusing for pedestrians.
  • This situation is exacerbated in pedestrian zones with additional pedestrian flows.
  • older passengers or children are often overwhelmed with the situation in such confusing places.
  • the problem also affects passengers who are getting off or changing trains.
  • the DE 10 2007 049 922 A1 discloses a mini-projector mounted in or on a vehicle in a manner to project information such that it can be seen by a viewer at a location external to the vehicle.
  • the information is warning or advisory information. So e.g. B. with the embodiment information is projected onto a roadway, which a vehicle following the vehicle a warning, z. B. about tailgating or a nearby traffic jam.
  • the DE 10 2012 104 312 A1 discloses a device mounted on a vehicle to protect a passenger by using graphic light projection, comprising a first detection unit detecting opening of a vehicle door, a second detection unit detecting boarding of a person boarding or disembarking of a person getting off detected, a side step driving unit which drives a side step, a light projection unit which projects a boarding protection light or an exit protection light and a control unit which controls the side step driving unit in order to pull out and/or push out and/or lengthen and/or close the side step arranged inside the vehicle move when the first detection unit detects the opening of the vehicle door, and controls the light projection unit to project the exit guard light when the second detection unit detects the exit of the person exiting.
  • An object of the present invention is to increase safety for other road users, in particular pedestrians and cyclists, and to provide improved means for preventing a rail vehicle from colliding with other road users.
  • the present invention is defined by the features of the independent claims.
  • information about the current and/or the future operating status of the rail vehicle is provided by projecting visually perceptible signals onto the roadway, which is also entered and/or driven on by other road users, for example when getting off or crossing the road.
  • Other road users are, in particular, pedestrians, drivers and cyclists.
  • Operating states are in particular the impending stop, the imminent departure and the impending direction of travel or speed, or the future location.
  • the direction of travel can be indicated in particular by at least one projected arrow.
  • the projection is preferably a light projection, in particular a laser light projection, the type, intensity and/or duration of which can be controlled as a function of the operating state of the rail vehicle.
  • the optical signaling serves to inform and warn other road users, especially pedestrians.
  • a combination with acoustic signals in particular synchronous or alternating, can take place.
  • acoustic signals can be defined for individual operating states, which are assigned to the projections of corresponding optical signals.
  • the focal point of the signaling can be selected between the purely optical signal and the additional acoustic signal.
  • the signal strength of the optical signal can be individually selected or adjusted depending on the time, the lighting status (e.g. due to artificial lighting of the road), the daylight and/or the route.
  • the intensity of the projection can be varied, for example increasing and decreasing.
  • the invention specifies a method for presenting information to other road users about the operation of a rail vehicle on the surface of a track of the rail vehicle, including the projection of a visible anti-collision signal for other road users on the road with light.
  • the anti-collision signal indicates an open space that can be entered and/or driven on.
  • the anti-collision signal can also indicate a restricted area that is not to be entered and/or driven on and/or that the rail vehicle is stopped or departing.
  • the signal is projected from the rail vehicle using a projection device.
  • the expression "enter and/or drive on” can depict different situations.
  • the open space can be entered and/or driven on by road users other than the rail vehicle. From the point of view of only one other road user, the open space is usually either accessible, e.g. in the case of a pedestrian, or navigable, e.g. in the case of a cyclist. When considering several other road users, who are in particular on foot or driving, the open space can be entered and driven on, at the same time or one after the other.
  • the projection device can be controlled by a control device that contains data about the current and/or future state of motion, such as speed, acceleration, direction of travel.
  • Data about the current and/or future state of motion can be transmitted to a preferably electronic control device.
  • the future location of the rail vehicle can be determined, from which in turn the open spaces can be determined.
  • the processing or determination of data on the current and / or future movement status and the future location of the rail vehicle and the possible open spaces can also take place elsewhere, e.g. in a trip computer, and the results can be used to further control the projection of the open space to the Control device are transmitted.
  • the method preferably includes determining the probable future location of the first rail vehicle and determining walkable and/or navigable open spaces from the future location of the first rail vehicle.
  • the probable future location can be determined by determining the current or future state of motion, such as in particular the speed, acceleration and/or direction of travel of the vehicle.
  • the generation of the projection of the open spaces can be achieved, for example, by a photometric, in particular laser-based, projection onto the roadway.
  • the projection can be "drawn" onto the roadway by means of a steerable laser beam in such a way that other road users get the impression of a two-dimensional surface area.
  • the projection can be colored, for example green, to further clarify the ability to be walked on/driven on.
  • the travel route means the area of a traffic route, eg a road, which can be occupied by the rail vehicle at a point in time during the journey or can be covered when viewed from above.
  • a minimum distance around the vehicle, in particular to the side of the vehicle, is preferably also calculated from the route.
  • the route can preferably be established using the known control clearance or the clearance profile of the rail vehicle and the known Track course can be determined.
  • the projection device can be integrated into a headlight of the rail vehicle.
  • the projection device has at least one light source and projection means for the targeted guidance of the light.
  • the projection device is preferably a laser projection device that has a laser light source and projection means for directing a laser beam.
  • a laser projection device is advantageously set up to emit laser light beams line by line or pixel by pixel. It can have a diode-pumped solid-state laser for generating laser light with the colors red, green and blue. Alternatively or additionally, it can have a projection head with a two-axis mirror scanner for vertical and horizontal deflection of a laser beam.
  • a laser device based on laser display technology (LDT) can advantageously be used as the laser projection device. With the LDT, the image is written line by line on a projection surface. The deflection is carried out by a special scanner with a facet mirror (line structure) and a tilting mirror (line feed).
  • the laser beam can be modulated beforehand, which defines the brightness and color of each pixel.
  • the advantages of the LDT are that almost any shape of projection surface can be used, no focusing is required, a very high contrast can be achieved and a wide range of colors is given by mixing pure primary colors (RGB), i.e. monochromatic light.
  • RGB pure primary colors
  • Any other suitable laser device may be used in place of the LDT, such as a laser device based on the Grating LightValve System (from Silicon Light Machines) or the Digital Micromirror Device System (from Texas Instruments).
  • projection of the open space can mean that the projection itself is extended over a two-dimensional area.
  • an open space can be completely illuminated with light.
  • filling with a pattern e.g. hatching
  • a linear bordering of an open area is possible in order to achieve planar marking.
  • the projection of preferably temporary pavement areas (open spaces) or driving areas for other road users crossing the railway line takes place. This ensures that road users receive information about which areas can be entered or driven on without the risk of a collision with the rail vehicle.
  • a signal is projected onto the surface of a track of the rail vehicle, which indicates information about a period of time (period of time signal), how long the open spaces can still be walked on or driven on.
  • Such a signal can be a signal in addition to the projection of the open space or a variation of the projection of the open space, as explained below using a few examples.
  • the time signal can be used to provide information about how long a rail vehicle will be stationary or how long it will take to depart, or when the approaching vehicle is so close that the area has to be left.
  • the period signal can be of various shapes.
  • a period of time is displayed numerically with a common unit of measurement, preferably seconds or minutes. Such a time specification can also be projected into a projected open space.
  • a period of time can be represented in the form of an object that becomes smaller, e.g. in the form of a strip or bar that decreases in length in segments, or in the form of a circle that disappears in segments.
  • the intensity of the projection of the open space is varied, for example by varying the intensity of a light projection of the open space (flashing open space), it being possible for the frequency of the variation to be increased step by step as the point in time at which the open space is removed approaches.
  • the color of the projection of the free space is varied, for example from green to red, with red identifying the removal or imminent removal of the free space.
  • several signals are projected, which indicate information about different periods of time along the future route of the rail vehicle, how long the open spaces can still be walked on/driven on.
  • several numerical time signals can be projected along the future route.
  • a color gradient signal can be projected, for example from green to red, with the color gradient changing as the distance from the future position of the rail vehicle increases, for example from red (relatively close to the future position) to green (relatively far from the future position). Since the future position of the rail vehicle is constantly changing when the rail vehicle is moving, the time period signal(s) is/are also changed, so to speak.
  • the probable future whereabouts of the additional rail vehicle can be determined and at least one walkable and/or navigable open area in the route of the at least one additional rail vehicle can be determined at one or more different locations, for example in the second vehicle, a control center and/or the first vehicle .
  • the method can also include: the transmission of information about the probable future location of the at least one other rail vehicle to the first rail vehicle and/or the transmission of information about the accessible and/or navigable open space in the track of the at least one other rail vehicle to the first rail vehicle .
  • This variant can be used if the information mentioned was not determined in the first vehicle.
  • the first and the at least one further rail vehicle can, for example, run on adjacent tracks, in particular in the opposite direction of travel.
  • the at least one walkable/driven open area in the track of the at least one further rail vehicle is then projected from the first vehicle.
  • several rail vehicles can be networked with one another, for example directly or via a control center and preferably by radio.
  • the information from several rail vehicles is taken into account. It can be signaled which parts of a route are safe for other vehicles to walk on.
  • This variant of the procedure enables the protection of the rail area directly in front of a vehicle and also the protection of a larger rail area over several spatially adjacent track sections.
  • the method described above can also take place in reverse, i.e.
  • a change in intensity in the form of blinking can be used to signal the impending clearing of the clear area, as mentioned earlier. Instead or additionally, it is possible to increase the attention of other road users by changing the intensity.
  • a slow change in intensity, or a slow flashing or ebb and flow can draw attention to the free space, for example, a rapid change in the form of fast flashing can signal the impending closure of the free space.
  • At least one restricted area that is not to be entered or driven on is projected onto the surface of the roadway.
  • the restricted area is an area in which there is a risk of collision with the rail vehicle.
  • the free area and the restricted area can be shown with different hatching or in different colors, such as red and green.
  • restricted areas are projected onto the roadway in particular in pedestrian zones and specifically in the area of bus stops and crossings to secure the traffic route.
  • This embodiment can be supplemented by the projection of a visual signal which indicates the period of time for which the restricted area is not to be entered or driven on or when it will be lifted.
  • a visible signal is projected onto the surface of the guideway when the rail vehicle is stopped or departed.
  • the projection is preferably a light projection, in particular a laser light projection.
  • the signal can be multi-level.
  • a special case is a signal that increases in intensity.
  • the signal that indicates the stop of the rail vehicle is the projection of a stopping position of the rail vehicle, for example at a stop.
  • the open spaces that can be walked on/driven on indicate an escape route that is only projected in the event of a hazard.
  • an escape route is projected for the event of evacuation to ensure that people can be rescued quickly.
  • An escape route can be projected in a signal color and can be swelled and swelled. The projection of an escape route can be combined with acoustic signals.
  • the projection device has already been described above.
  • the controller controls the projection location.
  • Data about the current and/or future state of motion, such as speed, acceleration, direction of travel, can be transmitted to a preferably electronic control device. From this data, the future location of the rail vehicle can be determined, from which in turn the open spaces can be determined.
  • the processing or determination of data on the current and/or future movement status and the future location of the rail vehicle as well as the possible open spaces can also take place elsewhere, e.g. in a trip computer, and the results can be transmitted to the Control device are transmitted.
  • control device can also control the projection of at least one free area onto the surface of the track of the at least one other rail vehicle as a function of the current and/or future state of motion of another rail vehicle.
  • the projection of an open space that can be walked on/driven on in the guideway of at least one further rail vehicle can take place from the first rail vehicle using the projection device.
  • several rail vehicles can be networked with one another, for example directly or via a control center, for example by radio. Information about the movement status of the other rail vehicle can be transmitted to the (first) rail vehicle.
  • Data about the current and/or future state of motion of the second rail vehicle can be transmitted to the control device.
  • the processing or determination of the data on the current and/or future movement status and the future location of the other rail vehicle and the possible open spaces can also take place at another location, e.g. in the trip computer already mentioned, and the results can be used to further control the projection of Open spaces are transmitted to the control device.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rail vehicle 1, in this case a tram, in a partial view. Different possible positions of a projection device 2 are shown.
  • the projection device 2a is integrated in a headlight 3 .
  • the projection devices 2b and 2c are attached behind a front or behind a side window.
  • the projection devices 2d, 2e and 2f are mounted on the outside of the tram either in the upper or lower area of the car body. With the projection devices 2a, 2b, 2d or 2f, free spaces in front of the vehicle can be displayed particularly advantageously, with the projection devices 2c and 2e advantageously free spaces to the side of the rail vehicle 1. It is not necessary for all of the projection devices shown to be present on the vehicle 1.
  • the device 2a or 2f can be present, alternatively the device 2b or 2d or alternatively the device 2c or 2e.
  • projection devices such as 2c and/or 2e can be attached to the rear of the vehicle 1 facing away from the viewer. Further projection devices can also be present along the tram 1, of which only the front part is shown.
  • a laser beam 4 is shown only on the projection device 2a, which is emitted by the projection device 2a and is used for the line-by-line construction of an open area that can be walked on/driven on the surface of the road.
  • control device 30 connected to the projection devices 2a to 2f and the direction of the projection devices emitted laser beams, such as beam 4, for the purpose of projecting open spaces onto the track surface.
  • FIG. 2 shows a tram 1 in a schematic representation from above, ie with the observer's line of sight onto the roof of the tram and onto the surface of the guideway 10 of the tram 1. Also shown are rails 5. For example, the tram 1 is in the stopping state at a stop. An open space 6 that can be walked on/driven on is projected onto the surface of the roadway 10 by the projection device 2f. The route 10 is shown in the 2 bounded by dashed lines 11 and 12. Outside of route 10 there is no risk of collision with pedestrians, cyclists or motorists. Like in the 2 shown, a safety distance is calculated from the guideway 10 on both sides of the rail vehicle 1 .
  • a free space 7 is projected onto the surface of the guideway by a projection device 2h.
  • All projection devices 2 show laser beams 4, which are used to build up the projection of open spaces line by line.
  • an open space 8 is projected by the projection devices 2e and 2g.
  • an open area 9 is projected on the left side of the rail vehicle 1 by the projection devices 2e and 2g.
  • the open spaces 6 to 9 indicate the area that can be safely entered or driven on by pedestrians or cyclists.
  • the open spaces 6 to 9 can be projected while the rail vehicle 1 is at a standstill.
  • the open spaces 6 and 7 indicate where the railway line can be crossed safely.
  • the open areas 8 and 9 indicate that while the vehicle 1 is stationary, these areas can be entered safely to get out or get in. While the rail vehicle 1 is traveling, open spaces can remain displayed. For example, the open spaces 6 and 7 can also be projected while driving and thus move while driving along the roadway 10. During the drive, the area 6 then indicates that the tracks can still be safely crossed in this area. However, in the schematic representation, which is not to scale, the surface 6 is closer to the rail vehicle 1 than should be the case during normal driving operation at normal driving speed. In an analogous manner, the free space 7 indicates the area in which the tracks behind the rail vehicle can already be crossed again while the rail vehicle 1 is running.
  • the open spaces 8 and 9 are not projected while driving. There should be no pedestrians in this area while the rail vehicle is in motion. Instead, blocked areas represented in a different color, for example red, could be projected while driving. Blocked areas on the side of the vehicle can also be projected during a stop, for example if passengers are not allowed to get off because another rail vehicle is passing, for example an oncoming train.
  • restricted areas could be projected directly in front of and behind the rail vehicle, both while driving and while stopping.
  • the first rail vehicle 1 has analogous to that in 2 Rail vehicle 1 shown has the projection devices 2e', 2f', 2g' and 2h'. In the same way as in 2 open spaces 6, 7, 8 and 9 are shown, which are projected around the rail vehicle 1 with the projection devices 2e to 2h.
  • the second rail vehicle 20 has analog projection devices with which analog open spaces can be projected. The analog projection devices and open spaces are marked with primes in the second rail vehicle 20 .
  • the open area 15 indicates that this area, which is on the route of the second rail vehicle 20, can also be entered without risk. In this case, the open space 15 cannot be projected from the vehicle 20 because it is too far away. If the vehicle 20 is set in motion in the direction of travel F′ (arrow), the state of motion is again transmitted to the vehicle 1 and from a certain point in time the free space 15 is no longer projected.

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé servant à présenter des informations pour d'autres usagers du transport sur le fonctionnement d'un véhicule sur rails (1), qui est un tramway, comprenant la projection des surfaces libres (6, 7, 8, 9) qui sont accessible et/ou praticable sur la surface d'une voie de circulation (10) d'un premier véhicule sur rails (1), dans lequel les surfaces libres (6, 7, 8, 9) qui sont accessible et/ou praticable sont projetée à partir du premier véhicule sur rails avec des dispositifs de projection (2a - 2h),
    la voie de circulation signifiant la surface d'une voie de circulation qui peut être occupée par le véhicule sur rails (1) à un moment du trajet ou qui peut être recouverte par le véhicule sur rails vu de dessus,
    la projection des surfaces libres (6, 7, 8, 9) permet aux autres usagers du transport, lorsqu'ils croisent la voie ferrée du véhicule sur rails (1), d'obtenir une information sur la surface sur laquelle ils peuvent marcher ou circuler sans risque de collision avec le véhicule sur rails (1),
    une surface libre (6) étant projetée sur la surface d'une voie de circulation (10) par un premier dispositif de projection (2f) en amont du véhicule sur rails (1) dans le sens de la marche, et une surface libre (7) étant projetée sur la surface de la voie en aval du véhicule sur rails (1) par un deuxième dispositif de projection (2f) .
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, comprenant la détermination du lieu de séjour futur prévisible du premier véhicule sur rails et la détermination des surfaces libres qui sont accessibles et/ou praticables à partir du lieu de séjour futur du premier véhicule sur rails.
  3. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant
    - la détermination du lieu de séjour futur prévisible d'au moins un autre véhicule sur rails (20),
    - la détermination d'au moins une surface libre (15) qui est accessible et/ou praticable sur la voie de circulation de l'au moins un autre véhicule sur rails (20) à partir du lieu de séjour futur de l'au moins un autre véhicule sur rails (20),
    - la projection de la surface libre (15) qui est accessible et/ou praticable sur la voie de circulation de l'au moins un autre véhicule sur rails (20) depuis le premier véhicule sur rails avec au moins un des dispositifs de projection (2a - 2h).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant la projection d'un signal, qui indique une information sur la durée, selon laquelle les surfaces libres sont accessibles et/ou praticables, sur la surface d'une voie de circulation du véhicule sur rails.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, comprenant la projection de plusieurs signaux, qui indiquent des informations sur différentes durées le long de la voie de circulation du véhicule sur rails, selon lesquelles les surfaces libres sont accessibles et/ou praticables.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant une modification de l'intensité de la projection des surfaces libres qui sont accessibles et/ou praticables.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les surfaces libres qui sont accessibles et/ou praticables indiquent une issue de secours, qui est projetée dans le cas d'un danger.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant la projection d'au moins une surface de fermeture ne devant pas être accessible et/ou praticable sur la surface de la voie de circulation.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant la projection d'un signal visible sur l'arrêt ou le départ du véhicule sur rails sur la surface de la voie de circulation.
  10. Véhicule sur rails (1), qui est un tramway, présentant
    - des dispositifs de projection (2a - 2h) mis au point aux fins de la projection des surfaces libres (6, 7, 8, 9) qui sont accessibles et/ou praticables sur la surface d'une voie de circulation (10) du véhicule sur rails (1),
    - un dispositif de commande (30), qui commande, en fonction de l'état de déplacement actuel et/ou futur du véhicule sur rails (1), la projection de la surface libre (6, 7, 8, 9) sur la surface de la voie de circulation (10),
    la voie de circulation signifiant la surface d'une voie de circulation qui peut être occupée par le véhicule sur rails (1) à un moment du trajet ou qui peut être recouverte par le véhicule sur rails vu de dessus,
    la projection des surfaces libres (6, 7, 8, 9) permet aux autres usagers du transport, lorsqu'ils croisent la voie ferrée du véhicule sur rails (1), d'obtenir une information sur la surface sur laquelle ils peuvent marcher ou circuler sans risque de collision avec le véhicule sur rails (1),
    une surface libre (6) pouvant être projetée sur la surface d'une voie de circulation (10) par un premier dispositif de projection (2f) en amont du véhicule sur rails (1) dans le sens de la marche, et une surface libre (7) pouvant être projetée sur la surface de la voie en aval du véhicule sur rails (1) par un deuxième dispositif de projection (2f).
EP14816183.9A 2013-12-11 2014-12-10 Procédé pour présenter à des usagers de la route des informations concernant le fonctionnement d'un véhicule ferroviaire Active EP3079966B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14816183.9T PL3079966T5 (pl) 2013-12-11 2014-12-10 Sposób prezentacji informacji dla uczestnika ruchu drogowego, dotyczącej ruchu pojazdu szynowego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013225674.4A DE102013225674C5 (de) 2013-12-11 2013-12-11 Verfahren zur Darstellung von Informationen für Verkehrsteilnehmer über den Betrieb eines Schienenfahrzeugs
PCT/EP2014/077275 WO2015086702A2 (fr) 2013-12-11 2014-12-10 Procédé pour présenter à des usagers de la route des informations concernant le fonctionnement d'un véhicule ferroviaire

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3079966A2 EP3079966A2 (fr) 2016-10-19
EP3079966B1 EP3079966B1 (fr) 2018-03-14
EP3079966B2 true EP3079966B2 (fr) 2023-03-22

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3079966B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN106103233B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013225674C5 (fr)
ES (1) ES2673014T5 (fr)
PL (1) PL3079966T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015086702A2 (fr)

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WO2016029246A1 (fr) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-03 Commonwealth Steel Co Limited Système de sécurité à indicateur
US9992465B1 (en) * 2017-02-08 2018-06-05 Hyundai Motor Company Vehicular navigation system utilizing a projection device
DE102017104375A1 (de) 2017-03-02 2018-09-06 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Warnsystem eines Fahrzeugs, Verfahren und Verwendung
DE102018002541A1 (de) * 2018-03-27 2019-10-02 Kastriot Merlaku Lichtmarkierungs-System für Haltestellen im öffentlichen Verkehr
CN109109910A (zh) * 2018-08-28 2019-01-01 罗文彬 一种用于既有普速铁路维护的轨道基准控制网及测量方法

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PL3079966T3 (pl) 2018-10-31
WO2015086702A3 (fr) 2015-07-30
CN106103233B (zh) 2018-08-21
DE102013225674C5 (de) 2018-12-13
DE102013225674B4 (de) 2015-10-15
ES2673014T5 (es) 2023-08-30
WO2015086702A2 (fr) 2015-06-18
CN106103233A (zh) 2016-11-09
ES2673014T3 (es) 2018-06-19
PL3079966T5 (pl) 2023-08-21
EP3079966A2 (fr) 2016-10-19
EP3079966B1 (fr) 2018-03-14

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