EP3071339A1 - Einrichtung zur ultraschallreinigung - Google Patents
Einrichtung zur ultraschallreinigungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3071339A1 EP3071339A1 EP14837096.8A EP14837096A EP3071339A1 EP 3071339 A1 EP3071339 A1 EP 3071339A1 EP 14837096 A EP14837096 A EP 14837096A EP 3071339 A1 EP3071339 A1 EP 3071339A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- series
- mos
- actuators
- control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
- B06B1/0223—Driving circuits for generating signals continuous in time
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
- B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- B06B2201/70—Specific application
- B06B2201/71—Cleaning in a tank
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for ultrasonic cleaning with at least one actuator which is associated with a basin for receiving the objects to be cleaned, and with a control device for the control of the actuator.
- FIG. 1 This device comprises a basin 1 in which the objects to be cleaned, for example made of a semiconductor material, can be located.
- This basin 1 is filled during operation of the device with a cleaning liquid in which the objects to be cleaned are immersed. Ultrasonic vibrations are introduced into the cleaning fluid with the aid of a transducer 2, which is assigned to the outside of the pelvic floor 4.
- the transducer 2 may be arranged on a swing plate 3, for example made of metal, or directly on the pelvic floor 4.
- One of the large surfaces of the vibrating plate 3 is assigned to the outside of the pelvic floor 4 in such a manner that the ultrasonic vibrations are transmitted from the vibrating plate 3 in the basin bow 4 as effectively as possible.
- the pelvic floor 4 then passes its vibration to the cleaning fluid.
- the ultrasonic vibration propagates in the liquid as a wave. Upon impact with the cleaning parts, this wave causes cavitation in the parts.
- Piezo elements 7, 8 and 9 of the transducer 2 which are electrically connected to a control unit 10 by means of conductors 6, are glued to the large area of the oscillating plate 3 facing away from the basin bottom.
- the transducers 2 can also be arranged on or in the basin walls.
- a transducer 2 consist of one or more piezoceramic actuators 7, 8 and 9, which are assembled and arranged in a suitable form. These actuators 7, 8 and 9 have disk-shaped or plate-shaped piezoceramic bodies with metallized surfaces. These surfaces serve as electrodes for the electrical excitation of a vibration in the ceramic body. The mechanical structure of the actuators determines the vibration modes and the vibration amplitudes of the actuators. In these actuators 7, 8 and 9 occur more or less pronounced resonances.
- piezoelectric actuators represent capacitive loads in their entirety. Only in the area of the resonance points do they exhibit ohmic and inductive impedance behavior. As a result, the power electronics 10 for controlling the transducers 2 must be designed primarily for the high capacitive reactive currents. This was hardly possible until now.
- the object of the present invention is to carry out the device of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that it does not have the mentioned disadvantage as well as other disadvantages of the prior art.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement with the aid of which the losses which occur during the direct switching of capacitive loads can be avoided
- FIG. 3 shows a further circuit arrangement with the aid of which the losses which occur during direct switching of capacitive loads can be avoided .
- FIG 6 shows the block diagram of an ultrasound generator which can be advantageously used in the present device.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement or a control device 10 which can be used to drive actuators 7, 8 and 9 of the transducer 2.
- This control device 0 has a supply device 15, which supplies the present circuit arrangement with electrical energy from the network.
- a first circuit 16 of the control device 10 is connected, which consists of two capacitors 17 and 18 connected in series.
- a second circuit 20 is also connected.
- This second circle 20 is composed of two branches 21 and 22, which are connected in series.
- There is a base conductor 23 is provided, which connects the individual parts of this circuit arrangement together.
- the first branch 21 of the second circuit 20 has two series-connected MOS-FET transistors 24 and 25 and a diode 26.
- the second branch 22 of the second circle 20 has two series-connected MOS-FET transistors 27 and 28 and a diode 29 on. Between the branches 21 and 22 there is a center point 30. Each of these diodes 26 and 29 is connected directly to the center 30. The diodes are polarized the same way. There is also a center point 31 between the capacitors 17 and 18 of the first circuit 16 connected in series. Another capacitor 32 connects the centers 30 and 31 in the circuits 16 and 20.
- a further center point 33 exists between the series-connected MOSFET transistors 24 and 25 of the first branch 21.
- An even further center point 34 exists between the series-connected MOS-FET transistors 24 27 and 28 of the second branch 22.
- These second or inner midpoints 33 and 34 are interconnected by a conductor 35.
- a series connection 36 which consists of an inductance 37 and of at least one of the actuators 7, 8 and 9, is connected to this connection conductor 35.
- FIG. 3 shows a circuit arrangement or a control device 10, which can likewise be used to control the actuators 7, 8 and 9.
- This circuit arrangement has a voltage source 45.
- a third circle 46 is connected.
- This third circuit 46 consists of a first MOS-FET transistor 47 and a second MOS-FET transistor 48.
- a fourth circuit 50 is connected, which consists of a first capacitor 51 and a second capacitor 52, which in series are switched. Between the MOSFET transistors 46 and 47 there is a midpoint 49. Between the capacitors 51 and 52 there is also a midpoint 53. At these midpoints 49 and 53, the leads of the primary winding of a transformer 60 are connected.
- the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 60 has a first connection conductor 58 and a second connection conductor 59.
- a fifth circuit 63 of the tax "ervoruze 0 is connected to the secondary winding 62 of transformer 60.
- This circuit includes a MOS-FET transistor 64 and a diode 65 which are connected in series.
- This circuit 66 also has a MOS-FET transistor 67 and also a diode 68, which are also connected in series.
- the fifth circle 63 is oriented so that the diode 65 is connected to the first terminal conductor 58 of the secondary winding 62, and that the MOS-FET transistor 64 is connected to the second terminal conductor 59 of the secondary winding 62.
- the sixth circle 66 is connected to the leads 58 and 59 in reverse order. This means that the diode 68 is connected to the second connecting conductor 59 of the secondary winding 62, and that the MOS-FET transistor 67 is connected to the first terminal conductor 58 of the secondary winding 62.
- the inductance 37 is connected upstream of the actuators 7, 8 and 9. This serial circuit is connected between the terminals 58 and 59 of the secondary winding 62 of the transformer 60.
- piezoceramic actuators are primarily capacitive loads. Only in the area of the resonance points is ohmic and inductive impedance behavior detectable. Capacitive loads are rather unsuitable for switching operation, because high switching peaks of the current result and because this in turn causes high losses in the semiconductor switches. It is therefore desirable ohmic and inductive behavior of the load. By choosing an adapted inductance in series with the actuator, the desired ohmic or inductive impedance behavior can be set in the range of the resonance frequency.
- the series inductance is usually realized in the current transformer as leakage inductance in today's ultrasonic generators.
- galvanic isolation is usually required between the bath and the network, and it is also achieved by means of the output transformer.
- Broadband transducers have a number of low resonance points, with the bandwidth being tens of percent around the center frequency. Wideband transducers also provide high capacitive loads. Impedance matching, as described above, is not possible for large desired bandwidths. Consequently, the actuation of the actuators must be designed for high capacitive Blinströme. This requires a novel circuit and control concept.
- Such multi-level topologies provide the necessary freedom for the reduction of losses in the semiconductor elements.
- Today's ultrasonic generators with high continuous power are built almost exclusively with resonance transducers.
- the desired inductive impedance behavior can normally be set by means of the drive frequency.
- the power electronics for the actuator control must be designed primarily for the high capacitive reactive currents. This requires a different circuit and control concept.
- the series inductance is usually realized as leakage inductance in today's ultrasonic generators in the output transformer.
- a galvanic separation is always required for safety reasons between the cleaning bath and the network and it is also achieved by means of the output transformer.
- the resonant circuit consists of the series inductance 37 and the connection capacities of the actuators 7, 8 and 9.
- a transformerless power output stage with a suitable topology and with a suitable pulse pattern allows fast and low-loss transfer of the load capacity 7, 8 and 9.
- the two-level Topology half-bridge circuit
- a full bridge circuit with a transformer and with galvanic isolation has high additional losses in the transformer as a result of the high charge transfer currents, to be precise in addition to the excessive leakage inductance.
- Multi-level topologies provide the necessary scope for reducing semiconductor losses. The three level topology was chosen in this case because it represents a good compromise between component cost and loss. The developed topology allows the component optimization for the rapid transfer of the connection capacity of the actuators with high current.
- FIG. 4 shows pulse patterns without precharge with which the circuit arrangements according to FIGS. 2 and 3 can be controlled.
- Fig. 5 shows pulse patterns with precharge, with which the circuit arrangements according to FIGS. 2 and 3 can also be controlled.
- the series of pulses designated Q1 relates to the operation of the first transistor 24 in the first branch 21 of the second circuit 20 of the control device or the control unit 10.
- the pulse series designated Q2 relates to the operation of the second transistor 25 in the same branch 21 of the control unit 10.
- Die mit Q3 designated pulse series relates to the operation of the third transistor 27 in the second branch 22 of the control unit 10.
- the pulse train labeled Q4 refers to the operation of the fourth transistor 28 in the same branch 22 of the control unit 10th
- the Umladeströme corresponding to Q2 flow through the second transistor 25 in the branch 21 of the control unit 10.
- the Umladeströme corresponding to Q3 flow through the third transistor 27 in the branch 22 of the control unit 10.
- the Umladeströme are semi-sinusoidal and dependent on the load capacity C 0 and of the Series inductance I- ⁇ ⁇ ,.
- this power electronics can continuously generate ultrasound of variable frequency and variable amplitude. This facilitates and allows the use of this device in all areas of ultrasonic cleaning. Furthermore, this embodiment of the present device enables a broadband power amplifier design for high capacitive reactive currents. An individual adaptation to the number of transducers and the frequency is no longer necessary. For each generator type, at least one frequency range of 1: 3 is covered in a capacity range of 1: 4.
- the drive is selected such that the charge transfer currents of the load capacitance flow through the transistor 25 or through the transistor 27. They are semi-sinusoidal, depending on the load capacitance C 0 , the series inductance 24 and 28 primarily carry the active current, which generates the desired ultrasonic oscillation in the transducer. Controlling the pulse pattern of Q2 and Q3 sets the point of minimum switching losses, reduces harmonics, and eliminates the resonant frequency of the series circuit. The pulse pattern with or without precharge results depending on the working frequency and the goal of loss minimization. The pulse pattern of the control is regulated.
- Fig. 6 shows the block diagram of the driver 10 of the present device.
- the operating unit BG controls and monitors the function of one to several ultrasound generators USG.
- the electronics can be operated, programmed and the results can be displayed via a tactile display on the BG control unit. Interfaces to higher-level systems are provided.
- DC / DC which ensures the galvanic separation from network to transducer and bath, the amplitude of the final stage supply and thus the amplitude of the oscillation at the transducer is controlled.
- the final stage PA has the described topology and it is transformerless.
- the microcontroller controls and monitors the generator and, in conjunction with the EPLD, generates the operating frequency and the pulse pattern for the final stage PA.
- the high-resolution frequency generation by means of PLL allows the setting of the optimum operating point even with narrow-band resonance transducers.
- phase-synchronous operation of generators allows simple parallel connection and thus also the power increase.
- the phase-synchronous operation and the array arrangement of the transducers allow the ultrasonic beam alignment and thus also an effective treatment of the material.
- the amplitude of the final stage supply can also be regulated.
- the microcontroller and the EPLD the operating frequency and the pulse pattern for the output stage PA are generated.
- the significant technical advance is that the power electronics can continuously produce ultrasound of variable frequency and variable amplitude. This facilitates and permits use in all areas of ultrasonic cleaning. Compared to the state of the art in ultrasonic cleaning, the following innovations have been implemented:
- the circuit topology is designed and optimized for minimum losses at the specified capacitive loads.
- the regulation of the pulse pattern of the control takes place according to an algorithm for the determination of the minimum value of the power and is thus novel for the field of ultrasonic cleaning.
- the amplitude of the oscillation must be adjusted in broadband transducers by a power supply of the variable voltage power amplifier. (In principle, the oscillation amplitude could also be set by changing the pulse pattern, but this would lead to high switching losses in the semiconductors of the output stage.)
- PLL Phase Locked Loop
- the maximum amplitude operating point in a given frequency range is searched for and held.
- the Power at this operating point is then regulated by the supply voltage of the output stage.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH01951/13A CH708887A2 (de) | 2013-11-22 | 2013-11-22 | Einrichtung zur Ultraschallbehandlung. |
| PCT/CH2014/000168 WO2015074160A1 (de) | 2013-11-22 | 2014-11-24 | Einrichtung zur ultraschallreinigung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3071339A1 true EP3071339A1 (de) | 2016-09-28 |
Family
ID=52484298
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP14837096.8A Withdrawn EP3071339A1 (de) | 2013-11-22 | 2014-11-24 | Einrichtung zur ultraschallreinigung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3071339A1 (de) |
| CH (1) | CH708887A2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2015074160A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4864547A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1989-09-05 | Crestek, Inc. | Regulated ultrasonic generator |
| US7629726B2 (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-12-08 | Puskas William L | Ultrasound system |
| US20080047575A1 (en) * | 1996-09-24 | 2008-02-28 | Puskas William L | Apparatus, circuitry, signals and methods for cleaning and processing with sound |
| JPH10180204A (ja) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-07 | Shibaura Eng Works Co Ltd | 超音波洗浄装置及び駆動方法 |
-
2013
- 2013-11-22 CH CH01951/13A patent/CH708887A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2014
- 2014-11-24 WO PCT/CH2014/000168 patent/WO2015074160A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2014-11-24 EP EP14837096.8A patent/EP3071339A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2015074160A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CH708887A2 (de) | 2015-05-29 |
| WO2015074160A1 (de) | 2015-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: MOREIRA PETRI MARTINS, LUCIENE |
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| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: MESSERLI, FELIPE WALTER |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20230624 |