EP3068529A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dampfreformierung sowie zur dampfspaltung von kohlenwasserstoffen - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dampfreformierung sowie zur dampfspaltung von kohlenwasserstoffen

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Publication number
EP3068529A1
EP3068529A1 EP14795781.5A EP14795781A EP3068529A1 EP 3068529 A1 EP3068529 A1 EP 3068529A1 EP 14795781 A EP14795781 A EP 14795781A EP 3068529 A1 EP3068529 A1 EP 3068529A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
furnace
temperature
reactor tube
stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14795781.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Nold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP3068529A1 publication Critical patent/EP3068529A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/062—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes being installed in a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/0006—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J19/0013—Controlling the temperature of the process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0457—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being placed in separate reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0496—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/382—Multi-step processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
    • C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in parallel arrangement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2208/00053—Temperature measurement of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00026—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
    • B01J2208/00035—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
    • B01J2208/00044—Temperature measurement
    • B01J2208/00061—Temperature measurement of the reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/0053—Controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/06—Details of tube reactors containing solid particles
    • B01J2208/065—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
    • B01J2219/00195—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system
    • B01J2219/002—Sensing a parameter of the reaction system inside the reactor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00193—Sensing a parameter
    • B01J2219/00204—Sensing a parameter of the heat exchange system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00191—Control algorithm
    • B01J2219/00211—Control algorithm comparing a sensed parameter with a pre-set value
    • B01J2219/00213—Fixed parameter value
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
    • C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0866—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combination of different heating methods
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1247—Higher hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/14—Details of the flowsheet
    • C01B2203/142—At least two reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • C01B2203/143—Three or more reforming, decomposition or partial oxidation steps in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a furnace, in particular for cracking hydrocarbons for the production of olefins, as well as a reformer for hydrogen production by the steam reforming of methane according to claim 1 and a method for tempering a flowing in an oven stream according to claim 9.
  • a warmed material stream is passed through a bundle of reactor tubes, which in a furnace (also
  • Firing room called) of a furnace is located.
  • the stream contains the methane-containing use and water vapor.
  • the introduction of the material flow in such an oven is preferably carried out by the reactor tubes passed through the ceiling of a vertically extending furnace chamber in the furnace and on
  • the vapor cracking of hydrocarbons is also a known method.
  • a warmed material stream is passed through a bundle of reactor tubes located in a furnace hearth.
  • the stream contains the gaseous hydrocarbon-containing use and water vapor.
  • the introduction of the material flow in such an oven is preferably done by the reactor tubes are passed through the ceiling of a vertically extending furnace in the furnace and in an arc just above the opposite floor back up and out of the furnace be slipped out.
  • burners are generally provided on the bottom and / or on the side wall of the combustion chamber, which burners generate locally very high temperatures (for example up to 2000 ° C. in the flame) in the furnace.
  • the reactor tubes of the tube bundle therefore consist of a corresponding
  • the reactor tubes are initially protected from overheating by the comparatively colder material flow.
  • the flow of material heats up so much in the further course that it can no longer sufficiently cool the pipes, so that the temperature of the furnace must be limited in order not to overheat the pipes.
  • the temperature profile in the stream is dependent, inter alia, on the flow rate of the stream, the temperature profile in the furnace and other factors, such as the type and amount of arranged in the tubes catalyst material. Due to these factors, reaction conditions, in particular with regard to the temperature profile in the combustion chamber, can only be varied to a limited extent, among other things because the reactor tubes must not be overheated.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a device and a method that allow a more flexible handling of the reaction dynamics in the flow at the same time high energy efficiency and at the same time ensure adequate protection of the reactor tubes from overheating.
  • the furnace has at least one second combustion chamber, wherein the at least one reactor tube is also guided through the at least one second combustion chamber, wherein the furnace is designed to generate a first temperature which can be generated in the first combustion chamber and one in the first combustion chamber each set separately at least one second combustion chamber second temperature.
  • This multi-chamber principle makes it possible in particular to better adjust the temperature profiles in the material flow, since the ambient temperature in the at least one second combustion chamber can be set separately and thus a temperature difference between a reactor tube and the at least one further combustion chamber can be predetermined. As a result, in particular the protection of the reactor tube before
  • the furnace may have a plurality of reactor tubes for guiding / heating the material flow, which may form a tube bundle.
  • the at least one reactor tube is guided through the combustion chambers such that a material stream flowing therein is first passed through the first and then through the at least one second combustion chamber and possibly further combustion chambers.
  • the furnace has at least one first burner, which is designed to burn a fuel to produce a flame in the first combustion chamber for heating a stream of material flowing in the at least one reactor tube.
  • the furnace may also include a plurality of such first burners in the first combustion chamber.
  • the furnace has at least one second burner, which is designed to oxidize a fuel flamelessly in the at least one second combustion chamber (so-called FLX burner).
  • Such a flameless oxidation (FLX) is characterized for example by the reduction of the formation of nitrogen oxides.
  • FLX flameless oxidation
  • the at least one first burner is arranged in particular on a ceiling or on a bottom of the first combustion chamber, wherein in particular the entry of the at least one reactor tube into the first combustion chamber on that side of the first
  • Combustion takes place, on which also the at least one first burner is arranged, and wherein in particular the at least one reactor tube exits on the side of the first combustion chamber, the at least one first burner
  • the furnace has a combustion chamber, which is divided by at least one wall of the combustion chamber into the first and the at least one second combustion chamber.
  • a combustion chamber which is divided by at least one wall of the combustion chamber into the first and the at least one second combustion chamber.
  • the first and the at least one further combustion chamber in particular share a common wall.
  • the combustors are connected by the reactor tubes that run between the units.
  • the furnace is designed such that the first temperature which can be generated in the first combustion chamber is higher than the second temperature which can be generated in the at least one second combustion chamber.
  • the furnace is further designed so that in the at least one second combustion chamber, a homogeneous second temperature is adjustable. This is special then the case when the at least one second combustion chamber is heated by the FLX method described above.
  • second burners in the form of FLX burners are suitable for forming a spatially homogeneous temperature profile, which does not have to be the case with a burner operated in flame mode.
  • the stated object is achieved by a method for tempering a stream flowing in at least one reactor tube of a furnace in a flow direction, in particular using a furnace according to the invention, wherein the flowing in the at least one reactor tube stream exposed in a first combustion chamber of a separately adjustable first temperature is, and then exposed in at least a second combustion chamber to protect the at least one reactor tube from overheating a separately adjustable second temperature.
  • a homogeneous second temperature is set in the at least one second combustion chamber.
  • the flow of material flowing in the at least one reactor tube is exposed to a first temperature decreasing in the direction of flow, the maximum of the first temperature being in particular markedly higher (several 100K) than the second temperature.
  • the method according to the invention can be applied to various processes in ovens.
  • the substance stream hydrocarbon compounds and water vapor be converted into hydrogen and carbon oxides in the furnace using suitable catalysts.
  • this chemical reaction is termed
  • the catalysts used are preferably nickel- or noble metal-based catalyst materials.
  • Hydrocarbon compounds are reacted with the water in the furnace to produce olefins such as ethene and propene.
  • olefins such as ethene and propene.
  • this chemical reaction is subsumed under the term steam cracking or steam cracking.
  • the stream contains propane and in particular water vapor, the propane optionally with
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a furnace according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows another embodiment of a furnace according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a furnace according to the invention 1.
  • a stream M is in at least one reactor tube 2 or a
  • Reactor tube bundle 2 is introduced through the ceiling 10a of a first combustion chamber 10 in the first combustion chamber 10.
  • a first burner 11 is provided on the ceiling 10a of the first combustion chamber 10, which in this example oxidizes a fuel to form a flame.
  • the material flow M heats up.
  • the at least one reactor tube 2 leaves the first combustion chamber 10 through the bottom 10b of the first combustion chamber 10 which is opposite the ceiling 10a along the vertical and enters the second combustion chamber 20 through the bottom 20b of a second combustion chamber 20.
  • two, in particular diagonally opposite, second burners in the form of FLX burners 21 are arranged, which are preferably designed to be
  • the stream M which may consist partly of educt and product in this section (see also the above-described applications of the method), exits through the cover 20b of the second combustion chamber 20 from the furnace 1 and is forwarded from there to possibly. to be further processed. It's closed Note that in this example, the first and the second combustion chamber 10, 20 are formed by a combustion chamber 3, which is divided by a central, vertically extending wall 4 of the combustion chamber 3 in the two combustion chambers 10, 20, so that the two combustion chambers 10th , 20 are laterally adjacent to each other. There may be provided further combustion chambers in the form of the second combustion chamber 20, which may laterally connect to a second combustion chamber 20, for example.
  • the material stream M is initially separated by a first
  • Combustion chamber 10 according to the type of Figure 1, which is also heated in Flammenoxidations horr, led before the stream M enters a second combustion chamber 20, which is heated in the FLX process.
  • the stream M (and the at least one reactor tube 2) enters the second combustion chamber 20 through the cover 20a of the second separate combustion chamber 20 and exits at the bottom 20b.
  • the dotted representation of the at least one reactor tube 2 marks a region or a module 100 of the furnace 1, which can be connected in series as often as desired at this point.
  • This module 100 has a portion of the at least one reactor tube 2 (shown dotted) and the second combustion chamber 20. In each additional module, the temperature can be controlled separately.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
EP14795781.5A 2013-11-15 2014-11-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dampfreformierung sowie zur dampfspaltung von kohlenwasserstoffen Withdrawn EP3068529A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013019148 2013-11-15
DE102014007470.6A DE102014007470A1 (de) 2013-11-15 2014-05-20 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dampfreformierung sowie zur Dampfspaltung von Kohlenwasserstoffen
PCT/EP2014/002986 WO2015070963A1 (de) 2013-11-15 2014-11-07 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur dampfreformierung sowie zur dampfspaltung von kohlenwasserstoffen

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EP3650753B1 (de) * 2018-11-12 2022-11-09 WS Wärmeprozesstechnik GmbH Verfahren und vorrichtung zur flammenlosen stufenverbrennung
US20230008708A1 (en) * 2021-07-08 2023-01-12 U.S. Army DEVCOM, Army Research Laboratory Highly heat recirculating multiplexed reactors
KR102619135B1 (ko) * 2022-12-29 2024-01-02 (주)바이오프랜즈 버너 일체형 탄화수소 개질기 및 이를 이용한 탄화수소 개질 시스템

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AU2014350603A1 (en) 2016-06-09
JP2017503739A (ja) 2017-02-02
EA201690986A1 (ru) 2016-09-30
CN105980040A (zh) 2016-09-28
KR20160087835A (ko) 2016-07-22
US10207235B2 (en) 2019-02-19
WO2015070963A1 (de) 2015-05-21
DE102014007470A1 (de) 2015-05-21
ZA201603034B (en) 2017-07-26
BR112016010722A2 (pt) 2018-03-27
CA2929752A1 (en) 2015-05-21
EA029756B1 (ru) 2018-05-31
PH12016500893A1 (en) 2016-06-20
AU2014350603B2 (en) 2017-11-09
US20160354746A1 (en) 2016-12-08

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