EP3048203B1 - System for coupling a bucket to a construction machine and construction machine and bucket comprising this type of system - Google Patents

System for coupling a bucket to a construction machine and construction machine and bucket comprising this type of system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3048203B1
EP3048203B1 EP16150337.0A EP16150337A EP3048203B1 EP 3048203 B1 EP3048203 B1 EP 3048203B1 EP 16150337 A EP16150337 A EP 16150337A EP 3048203 B1 EP3048203 B1 EP 3048203B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection device
quick
bucket
cam
release fastener
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16150337.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3048203A1 (en
Inventor
Roger BLANCHARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KLAC Industrie SAS
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KLAC Industrie SAS
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Publication of EP3048203A1 publication Critical patent/EP3048203A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/365—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with redundant latching means, e.g. for safety purposes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3645—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with auto-engagement means for automatic snap-on of the tool coupler part
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3672—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat where disengagement is effected by a mechanical lever or handle
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3686—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like using adapters, i.e. additional element to mount between the coupler and the tool

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a construction or public works machine, for example an excavator, to which is removably attached a tool, for example a bucket, by means of a coupling system comprising a coupler, also called quick coupler, arranged on the public works machine, and a connection device integral with the tool, for example the bucket.
  • a coupling system comprising a coupler, also called quick coupler, arranged on the public works machine, and a connection device integral with the tool, for example the bucket.
  • the present invention also relates to a system for coupling a tool to a machine, comprising a connection device intended to be secured to a tool, for example a bucket, and a coupler intended to be secured to a public works machine. , in particular an arm of a public works machine, the connection device and the coupler cooperating to ensure the attachment of the tool, for example the bucket, to the public works machine.
  • connection device comprises an axis around which is hooked at least one hook of the quick coupler, or coupler.
  • the arrangement is such that the coupler, once the hook is engaged with the axle, can pivot relative to the latter to lock remotely from the axle with the connection device via the intermediary of the axle.
  • a lock consisting of a cam which abuts against the surface of a shoe from the connection device.
  • the weight and inertia of the bucket are used during a pre-lifting using the hook and tilting of the coupler, for example under the action of a jack pushing one end away from the hook of the coupler in the locked position with the connection device attached to the bucket. Once in the locked state, the connection device and the coupler are mutually locked.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a coupling system with coupler and associated connection device for making the connection between a public works machine, construction site or the like, for example a lifting arm.
  • a public works machine and a tool, in particular a bucket which is safer to use while remaining simple in structure.
  • the lock is not reinforced to keep it locked at all costs, but on the contrary we accept that it unlocks, but we do so. so that this unlocking does not result in the two elements being unhooked from one another.
  • anti-stall means can be formed by modifying only the quick coupler.
  • the device forming a lock consists of a cam coming from one of the connection device and the quick coupler and from a counter surface coming from the other of the connection device and the quick coupler, the cam, in the locked position, being in contact with the counter surface.
  • the cam is mounted to pivot relative to that of the connection device and of the quick coupler from which it originates.
  • the anti-release means consist of an auxiliary cam mounted to pivot with respect to one of the connection device and of the quick coupler.
  • At least one spring in particular a torsion spring, is mounted so as to oppose the rotation of the main cam in the unlocking direction.
  • At least one spring in particular for compression or traction, is mounted between the main cam and the auxiliary cam, the spring being arranged so as to urge the auxiliary cam to keep it away from the main cam.
  • the anti-release means comprise a chain fixed to two elements of the coupling system and the arrangement being such that the chain, in the elongated state, prevents both. elements to pivot relative to each other in the direction of greater mutual spacing.
  • the present invention also relates to a public works machine, site or the like comprising a lifting arm, a tool and a coupling system according to the invention, as well as a tool, in particular a bucket, comprising one of the two elements of the coupling system according to the invention, in particular the connection device.
  • an assembly according to the invention which consists of a coupler 1 or quick coupler and a connection device 2 mounted on a bucket.
  • the coupler 1 is attached to a construction machine and in particular to the end of an arm of a lifting machine, while the connection device 2 is connected or secured, in particular in one piece, with the tool or equipment that the lifting device or construction machine must carry.
  • the connection device 2 can be welded to a bucket.
  • the connection device 2 comprises an axis 3 which is located at the level of the upper edge of one of the lateral faces of the bucket and the quick coupler 1 comprises an end part 5 in the form of a hook which is hooked to the axis 3 integral with the connection device to allow lifting of the bucket.
  • the coupler 1 can have more than one hook, in particular two hooks.
  • connection device 2 which is fixed to the bucket comprises means which make it possible to ensure the locking of the bucket to the lifting arm, after the or the hook (s) 5 have been hooked to 1 'or to the axis (s) 3.
  • the hook 5 in particular under the effect of an electric or hydraulic cylinder which extends along the lifting arm of the machine connected to the coupler 1, lifts the pin 3, which has the effect of raising the bucket and thus tilting the face of this bucket which includes the connection device 2 in the direction of part of the coupler, away from the hook so that the lock, which comprises components both on the quick coupler 1 and on the connection device 2, locks the coupler 1 and the connection device 2 and thus the bucket to the machine.
  • the lock consists on the one hand of a shoe 6 coming from the connection device 2, and therefore of the bucket, and on the other hand of an eccentric cam 7 pivotally mounted relative to a circular cylindrical axis 8 integral with the coupler 1.
  • Springs for example torsion springs, are mounted on the cylindrical axis 8 so as to oppose the rotation of the cam 7 relative to the axis 8, in one direction tending to move the cam away from the shoe.
  • An auxiliary cam 17 is also rotatably mounted relative to the axis 8.
  • This rotary cam 17 comprises on the one hand a stop 27 and on the other hand an eyelet 28.
  • the cam 17 is also mounted under the stress of springs, for example in compression or in traction, which oppose its rotation in the same direction as the cam 7, namely in the direction of clockwise to figure 1 .
  • springs for example in compression or in traction, which oppose its rotation in the same direction as the cam 7, namely in the direction of clockwise to figure 1 .
  • connection device 2 and the coupler 1 are not completely blocked with respect to each other.
  • connection device 2 and the coupler 1 are not completely blocked with respect to each other.
  • it is to an insufficient extent to allow the hook 5 to be released from the axis 3 which is therefore kept hooked despite the unlocking. .
  • a key 50 is used as shown in figures 2 and 5 .
  • This key 50 comprises a substantially longitudinal handle 49 terminated by a head portion comprising a stop surface 51 and a lug 52 intended to penetrate into the eyelet 28.
  • the stop surface is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handle and of complementary shape of the outer surface of the body of the cam so as to be able to abut against the body of the cam. We are then in the position before unlocking the figure 5 .
  • auxiliary stop 27 instead of the auxiliary stop 27, one could use as anti-rotation or anti-release means a chain, one of the ends of which is fixed to the coupler 1 while that the other end is fixed to the connection device 2 and the length of the chain is such that when the two elements 1 and 2 start to rotate with respect to each other, this rotation is stopped after a a certain angle such that unhooking at the axis of the hook is not possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un engin de chantier ou de travaux publics, par exemple une pelleteuse, auquel est fixé de manière amovible un outil, par exemple un godet, par l'intermédiaire d'un système de couplage comportant un coupleur, également appelé attache rapide, disposé sur l'engin de travaux publics, et un dispositif de connexion solidaire à l'outil, par exemple le godet.The present invention relates to a construction or public works machine, for example an excavator, to which is removably attached a tool, for example a bucket, by means of a coupling system comprising a coupler, also called quick coupler, arranged on the public works machine, and a connection device integral with the tool, for example the bucket.

La présente invention se rapporte également à un système de couplage d'un outil à un engin, comportant un dispositif de connexion destiné à être solidarisé à un outil, par exemple un godet, et un coupleur destiné à être solidarisé à un engin de travaux publics, notamment un bras d'engin de travaux publics, le dispositif de connexion et le coupleur coopérant pour assurer la fixation de l'outil, par exemple le godet, à l'engin de travaux publics.The present invention also relates to a system for coupling a tool to a machine, comprising a connection device intended to be secured to a tool, for example a bucket, and a coupler intended to be secured to a public works machine. , in particular an arm of a public works machine, the connection device and the coupler cooperating to ensure the attachment of the tool, for example the bucket, to the public works machine.

Dans la suite, on parlera d'un outil de manière générale. Ce terme en particulier doit être compris comme désignant tout accessoire, godet ou équipement destiné à être monté sur un engin de chantier, de travaux publics ou analogue par l'intermédiaire du système de couplage.In the following, we will talk about a tool in general. This term in particular should be understood as designating any accessory, bucket or equipment intended to be mounted on a construction machine, public works or the like via the coupling system.

Classiquement, le dispositif de connexion comporte un axe autour duquel vient s'accrocher au moins un crochet de l'attache rapide, ou coupleur. En outre, l'agencement est tel que le coupleur, une fois le crochet en prise avec l'axe, peut pivoter par rapport à ce dernier pour se verrouiller à distance de l'axe avec le dispositif de connexion par l'intermédiaire d'un verrou constitué d'une came qui vient buter contre la surface d'un sabot issu du dispositif de connexion. Classiquement, pour la mise en œuvre de ce verrouillage, le poids et l'inertie du godet sont utilisés lors d'un pré soulèvement à l'aide du crochet et du basculement du coupleur, par exemple sous l'action d'un vérin poussant une extrémité à distance du crochet du coupleur en position verrouillée avec le dispositif de connexion fixé sur le godet. Une fois à l'état verrouillé, le dispositif de connexion et le coupleur sont mutuellement bloqués.Conventionally, the connection device comprises an axis around which is hooked at least one hook of the quick coupler, or coupler. In addition, the arrangement is such that the coupler, once the hook is engaged with the axle, can pivot relative to the latter to lock remotely from the axle with the connection device via the intermediary of the axle. a lock consisting of a cam which abuts against the surface of a shoe from the connection device. Conventionally, for the implementation operation of this locking, the weight and inertia of the bucket are used during a pre-lifting using the hook and tilting of the coupler, for example under the action of a jack pushing one end away from the hook of the coupler in the locked position with the connection device attached to the bucket. Once in the locked state, the connection device and the coupler are mutually locked.

Ces dispositifs de l'art antérieur sont dangereux d'utilisation, ayant notamment tendance à se déverrouiller de manière intempestive. Des tentatives ont déjà existé dans l'art antérieur, par exemple comme décrit dans FR 2994576 , pour résoudre ce problème. Cependant, les solutions qui ont été apportées sont très compliquées à réaliser et notamment nécessitent une modification à la fois du coupleur et du dispositif de connexion.These devices of the prior art are dangerous to use, in particular having a tendency to unlock inadvertently. Attempts have already existed in the prior art, for example as described in FR 2994576 , to resolve this problem. However, the solutions that have been provided are very complicated to achieve and in particular require modification of both the coupler and the connection device.

La présente invention vise à surmonter les inconvénients de l'art antérieur en mettant à disposition un système de couplage à coupleur et dispositif de connexion associés pour réaliser la connexion entre un engin de travaux publics, de chantier ou analogue, par exemple un bras de levage d'un engin de travaux publics et un outil, notamment un godet, qui soit plus sûr d'utilisation tout en restant de structure simple.The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a coupling system with coupler and associated connection device for making the connection between a public works machine, construction site or the like, for example a lifting arm. a public works machine and a tool, in particular a bucket, which is safer to use while remaining simple in structure.

Suivant l'invention, un système de couplage d'un outil, notamment d'un godet, à un engin de chantier, de travaux publics ou analogues, notamment à un bras de levage d'un engin de chantier, notamment une pelleteuse, constitué d'une part d'un dispositif de connexion destiné à être solidarisé au godet et d'autre part d'un coupleur, ou attache rapide, destiné à être solidarisé à l'engin de chantier, le couplage s'effectuant d'une part par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un crochet issu de l'un du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide et s'accrochant à un axe correspondant de l'autre du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide et d'autre part par un dispositif formant verrou à distance de l'axe qui, dans la position verrouillée, bloque l'un par rapport à l'autre le dispositif de connexion et le coupleur, notamment le dispositif formant verrou étant constitué d'une came issue de l'un du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide et d'une contre surface issue de l'autre du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide, la came, dans la position verrouillée, étant en contact avec la contre surface, caractérisé par des moyens d'anti-décrochage destinés, alors que le dispositif formant verrou a été déverrouillé, à maintenir l'accrochage du crochet audit un axe, c'est-à-dire empêchant tout décrochage du crochet dudit un axe, notamment les moyens anti-décrochage empêchent un pivotement relatif par rapport audit un axe des deux éléments, le dispositif de couplage et l'attache rapide, au delà d'un angle limite au-delà duquel les deux éléments se décrochent l'un de l'autre, par exemple d'un angle de quelques degrés à une dizaine de degrés.According to the invention, a system for coupling a tool, in particular a bucket, to a construction machine, public works or the like, in particular to a lifting arm of a construction machine, in particular an excavator, consisting of on the one hand a connection device intended to be secured to the bucket and on the other hand a coupler, or quick coupler, intended to be secured to the construction machine, the coupling taking place on the one hand through by means of at least one hook coming from one of the connection device and the quick coupler and hooking onto a corresponding axis of the other of the connection device and the quick coupler and the other part by a device forming a lock at a distance from the axis which, in the locked position, blocks the connection device and the coupler relative to each other, in particular the device forming a lock consisting of a cam from one of the connection device and of the quick coupler and of a counter surface emerging from the other of the connection device and of the quick coupler, the cam, in the locked position, being in contact with the counter surface , characterized by anti-release means intended, while the device forming a lock has been unlocked, to maintain the attachment of the hook to said one pin, that is to say preventing any unhooking of the hook from said one pin, in particular the anti-stall means prevent relative pivoting with respect to said u n axis of the two elements, the coupling device and the quick coupler, beyond a limit angle beyond which the two elements unhook from each other, for example at an angle of a few degrees to ten degrees.

Ainsi, pour améliorer la sécurité de l'ensemble, et contrairement aux systèmes de l'art antérieur, on ne renforce pas le verrou pour le maintenir verrouillé à tout prix, mais au contraire on accepte qu'il se déverrouille, mais on fait en sorte que ce déverrouillage n'ait pas pour conséquence le décrochage des deux éléments l'un de l'autre. On obtient ainsi un système présentant une grande sécurité et ce avec une structure très simple. En particulier, les moyens anti-décrochage peuvent être formés par modification uniquement de l'attache rapide.Thus, to improve the safety of the assembly, and unlike the systems of the prior art, the lock is not reinforced to keep it locked at all costs, but on the contrary we accept that it unlocks, but we do so. so that this unlocking does not result in the two elements being unhooked from one another. There is thus obtained a system having great security and this with a very simple structure. In particular, anti-stall means can be formed by modifying only the quick coupler.

De préférence, le dispositif formant verrou est constitué d'une came issue de l'un du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide et d'une contre surface issue de l'autre du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide, la came, dans la position verrouillée, étant en contact avec la contre surface.Preferably, the device forming a lock consists of a cam coming from one of the connection device and the quick coupler and from a counter surface coming from the other of the connection device and the quick coupler, the cam, in the locked position, being in contact with the counter surface.

En particulier, la came est montée pivotante par rapport à celui du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide dont elle est issue.In particular, the cam is mounted to pivot relative to that of the connection device and of the quick coupler from which it originates.

Notamment, les moyens anti-décrochement sont constitués d'une came auxiliaire montée pivotante par rapport à l'un du dispositif de connexion et de l'attache rapide.In particular, the anti-release means consist of an auxiliary cam mounted to pivot with respect to one of the connection device and of the quick coupler.

Suivant un mode de réalisation avantageux, au moins un ressort, notamment de torsion, est monté de manière à s'opposer à la rotation de la came principale dans le sens du déverrouillage.According to an advantageous embodiment, at least one spring, in particular a torsion spring, is mounted so as to oppose the rotation of the main cam in the unlocking direction.

Avantageusement, au moins un ressort, notamment de compression ou de traction, est monté entre la came principale et la came auxiliaire, le ressort étant agencé de manière à solliciter la came auxiliaire pour la maintenir éloignée de la came principale.Advantageously, at least one spring, in particular for compression or traction, is mounted between the main cam and the auxiliary cam, the spring being arranged so as to urge the auxiliary cam to keep it away from the main cam.

Suivant un exemple de réalisation autre, les moyens d'anti-décrochage comportent une chaîne fixée sur deux éléments du système de couplage et l'agencement étant tel que la chaîne, à l'état allongé, empêche les deux éléments de pivoter l'un par rapport à l'autre dans le sens d'un plus grand écartement mutuel.According to another exemplary embodiment, the anti-release means comprise a chain fixed to two elements of the coupling system and the arrangement being such that the chain, in the elongated state, prevents both. elements to pivot relative to each other in the direction of greater mutual spacing.

La présente invention se rapporte aussi à un engin de travaux public, de chantier ou analogue comportant un bras de levage, un outil et un système de couplage suivant l'invention, ainsi qu'à un outil, notamment godet, comportant l'un des deux éléments du système de couplage suivant l'invention, en particulier le dispositif de connexion.The present invention also relates to a public works machine, site or the like comprising a lifting arm, a tool and a coupling system according to the invention, as well as a tool, in particular a bucket, comprising one of the two elements of the coupling system according to the invention, in particular the connection device.

A titre d'exemple, on décrit maintenant un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention en se reportant aux dessins dans lesquels :

la figure 1
est une vue de côté d'un système de couplage suivant l'invention comportant d'une part un dispositif de connexion et d'autre part un coupleur ou attache rapide dans une position dans laquelle le verrou est déverrouillé, mais l'accrochage du crochet à l'axe est maintenu ;
la figure 2
est une vue éclatée de la figure 1 associée à une clé permettant le décrochage des deux éléments ;
la figure 3
est une vue sensiblement identique à celle de la figure 1 dans une position verrouillée du système de couplage ;
la figure 4
est une vue en perspective du système de la figure 3 ;
la figure 5
est une vue de côté du système des figures précédentes dans une position verrouillée ;
la figure 6
est une vue identique à celle de la figure 5 dans la position déverrouillée (les deux éléments ayant pivoté l'un par rapport à l'autre de quelques degrés) et juste après la désactivation des moyens anti-décrochage ; et
la figure 7
est une vue de côté de l'ensemble identique aux vues des figures 5 et 6, dans lesquelles les deux éléments ont tourné l'un par rapport à l'autre dans une mesure telle qu'ils peuvent être décrochés l'un de l'autre.
By way of example, a preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the drawings in which:
figure 1
is a side view of a coupling system according to the invention comprising on the one hand a connection device and on the other hand a coupler or quick coupler in a position in which the lock is unlocked, but the hook is hooked to the axis is maintained;
figure 2
is an exploded view of the figure 1 associated with a key allowing the release of the two elements;
figure 3
is a view substantially identical to that of the figure 1 in a locked position of the coupling system;
figure 4
is a perspective view of the system of the figure 3 ;
figure 5
is a side view of the system of the previous figures in a locked position;
figure 6
is a view identical to that of the figure 5 in the unlocked position (the two elements having pivoted relative to each other by a few degrees) and just after the deactivation of the anti-release means; and
figure 7
is a side view of the assembly identical to the views of figures 5 and 6 , in which the two elements have rotated relative to each other to such an extent that they can be detached from each other.

Aux figures, il est représenté un ensemble suivant l'invention qui est constitué d'un coupleur 1 ou attache rapide et d'un dispositif 2 de connexion monté sur un godet. Le coupleur 1 est fixé à un engin de chantier et notamment à l'extrémité d'un bras d'un engin de levage, tandis que le dispositif 2 de connexion est relié ou solidarisé, notamment d'une pièce, avec l'outil ou équipement que l'engin de levage ou l'engin de chantier doit porter. Par exemple, le dispositif 2 de connexion peut être soudé à un godet. Le dispositif 2 de connexion comporte un axe 3 qui se trouve au niveau du bord supérieur d'une des faces latérales du godet et le coupleur 1 rapide comporte une partie 5 d'extrémité en forme de crochet qui vient s'accrocher à l'axe 3 solidaire du dispositif de connexion pour permettre le soulèvement du godet. Bien évidemment, le coupleur 1 peut comporter plus d'un crochet, notamment deux crochets.In the figures, there is shown an assembly according to the invention which consists of a coupler 1 or quick coupler and a connection device 2 mounted on a bucket. The coupler 1 is attached to a construction machine and in particular to the end of an arm of a lifting machine, while the connection device 2 is connected or secured, in particular in one piece, with the tool or equipment that the lifting device or construction machine must carry. For example, the connection device 2 can be welded to a bucket. The connection device 2 comprises an axis 3 which is located at the level of the upper edge of one of the lateral faces of the bucket and the quick coupler 1 comprises an end part 5 in the form of a hook which is hooked to the axis 3 integral with the connection device to allow lifting of the bucket. Obviously, the coupler 1 can have more than one hook, in particular two hooks.

Le dispositif 2 de connexion qui est fixé au godet comporte des moyens qui permettent d'assurer le verrouillage du godet au bras de levage, après que le ou les crochet (s) 5 aient été accrochés à 1' ou aux axe(s) 3. Pour ce faire, le crochet 5, sous l'effet notamment d'un vérin électrique ou hydraulique qui s'étend le long du bras de levage de l'engin relié au coupleur 1, soulève l'axe 3, ce qui a pour effet de soulever le godet et de faire ainsi basculer la face de ce godet qui comporte le dispositif 2 de connexion en direction d'une partie du coupleur, à distance du crochet afin que le verrou, qui comporte des composants à la fois sur le coupleur 1 rapide et sur le dispositif 2 de connexion, verrouille le coupleur 1 et le dispositif 2 de connexion et ainsi le godet à l'engin.The connection device 2 which is fixed to the bucket comprises means which make it possible to ensure the locking of the bucket to the lifting arm, after the or the hook (s) 5 have been hooked to 1 'or to the axis (s) 3. To do this, the hook 5, in particular under the effect of an electric or hydraulic cylinder which extends along the lifting arm of the machine connected to the coupler 1, lifts the pin 3, which has the effect of raising the bucket and thus tilting the face of this bucket which includes the connection device 2 in the direction of part of the coupler, away from the hook so that the lock, which comprises components both on the quick coupler 1 and on the connection device 2, locks the coupler 1 and the connection device 2 and thus the bucket to the machine.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté aux figures, le verrou est constitué d'une part d'un sabot 6 issu du dispositif 2 de connexion, et donc du godet, et d'autre part d'une came 7 excentrée montée pivotante par rapport à un axe 8 cylindrique circulaire solidaire du coupleur 1. Des ressorts, par exemple de torsion, sont montés sur l'axe 8 cylindrique de manière à s'opposer à la rotation de la came 7 par rapport à l'axe 8, dans un sens tendant à éloigner la came du sabot.In the embodiment shown in the figures, the lock consists on the one hand of a shoe 6 coming from the connection device 2, and therefore of the bucket, and on the other hand of an eccentric cam 7 pivotally mounted relative to a circular cylindrical axis 8 integral with the coupler 1. Springs, for example torsion springs, are mounted on the cylindrical axis 8 so as to oppose the rotation of the cam 7 relative to the axis 8, in one direction tending to move the cam away from the shoe.

Dans la position représentée aux figures 3 et 5, le verrou est activé et une surface 15 extérieure supérieure de la came 7 bute contre une face avant 10 du sabot, empêchant ainsi toute rotation de la came par rapport au godet et donc une solidarisation notamment en rotation du godet au coupleur. Dans cette position verrouillée, le coupleur 1 et le dispositif 2 de connexion sont mutuellement bloqués.In the position shown in figures 3 and 5 , the lock is activated and an upper outer surface 15 of the cam 7 abuts against a front face 10 of the shoe, thus preventing any rotation of the cam relative to the bucket and therefore an attachment, in particular in rotation, of the bucket to the coupler. In this locked position, the coupler 1 and the connection device 2 are mutually locked.

Une came 17 auxiliaire est également montée rotative par rapport à l'axe 8. Cette came 17 rotative comporte d'une part une butée 27 et d'autre part un œillet 28. La came 17 est également montée sous la contrainte de ressorts, par exemple en compression ou en traction, qui s'opposent à sa rotation dans le même sens que la came 7, à savoir dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre à la figure 1. A la place des ressorts ou en plus, on pourrait prévoir un plot en matière élastomère disposé entre la came principale et la came auxiliaire repoussant l'ergot 27 vers la gauche aux figures, pour ainsi la maintenir à distance de la came 7. L'agencement des deux cames 7 et 17, respectivement principale et auxiliaire, est réalisé de sorte que lorsque la surface 15 quitte son contact avec le sabot 6, notamment avec la surface 10 avant du sabot 6, les deux éléments 1 et 2 entament une légère rotation mutuelle l'un par rapport à l'autre en étant par conséquent déverrouillés. Cependant, cette rotation mutuelle des deux éléments 1 et 2 est arrêtée au bout d'une rotation d'un angle de quelques degrés, lorsque la butée 27 vient buter contre le sabot 6, notamment contre la surface 10 du sabot 6. La rotation mutuelle des deux éléments 1 et 2, qui ont été mutuellement déverrouillés, est alors arrêtée. On se trouve alors dans la position représentée à la figure 1. C'est la position dans laquelle on se trouve lorsque par exemple un déverrouillage intempestif du verrou a eu lieu. Dans cette position, le verrou n'est plus activé et le dispositif 2 de connexion et le coupleur 1 ne sont pas totalement bloqués l'un par rapport à l'autre. Cependant, même s'ils peuvent être déplacés, notamment en rotation l'un par rapport à l'autre, c'est dans une mesure insuffisante pour permettre un décrochage du crochet 5 de l'axe 3 qui est donc maintenu accroché malgré le déverrouillage.An auxiliary cam 17 is also rotatably mounted relative to the axis 8. This rotary cam 17 comprises on the one hand a stop 27 and on the other hand an eyelet 28. The cam 17 is also mounted under the stress of springs, for example in compression or in traction, which oppose its rotation in the same direction as the cam 7, namely in the direction of clockwise to figure 1 . In place of the springs or in addition, one could provide an elastomeric material stud arranged between the main cam and the auxiliary cam pushing the lug 27 to the left in the figures, thus to keep it at a distance from the cam 7. L ' arrangement of the two cams 7 and 17, respectively main and auxiliary, is made so that when the surface 15 leaves its contact with the shoe 6, in particular with the front surface of the shoe 6, the two elements 1 and 2 begin a slight rotation mutual with respect to each other and consequently being unlocked. However, this mutual rotation of the two elements 1 and 2 is stopped at the end of a rotation of an angle of a few degrees, when the stop 27 abuts against the shoe 6, in particular against the surface 10 of the shoe 6. The mutual rotation of the two elements 1 and 2, which have been mutually unlocked, is then stopped. We are then in the position shown in figure 1 . This is the position in which we find ourselves when, for example, an untimely unlocking of the lock has taken place. In this position, the lock is no longer activated and the connection device 2 and the coupler 1 are not completely blocked with respect to each other. However, even if they can be moved, in particular in rotation with respect to one another, it is to an insufficient extent to allow the hook 5 to be released from the axis 3 which is therefore kept hooked despite the unlocking. .

Lorsque aucun déverrouillage intempestif n'a eu lieu et qu'on souhaite séparer les deux éléments 1 et 2 l'un de l'autre, on utilise une clé 50 comme représenté aux figures 2 et 5. Cette clé 50 comporte un manche sensiblement longitudinal 49 terminé par une partie de tête comportant une surface de butée 51 et un ergot 52 destiné à pénétrer dans l'œillet 28. La surface de butée est sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal du manche et de forme complémentaire de la surface extérieure du corps de la came de manière à pouvoir venir buter contre le corps de la came. On se trouve alors dans la position avant déverrouillage de la figure 5. Ensuite, à l'aide de la clé 50, on fait pivoter les deux cames 7 et 17 ensemble (le déplacement de la came 17 entraînant celui de la came 7) pour se retrouver dans la position de la figure 6, à partir de laquelle la rotation mutuelle complète des deux éléments 1 et 2 est rendue possible pour obtenir le décrochage et donc détachement. Lorsqu'un déverrouillage intempestif a eu lieu, par exemple comme représenté à la figure 1, le même processus est réalisé avec la clé pour séparer les deux éléments.When no untimely unlocking has taken place and it is desired to separate the two elements 1 and 2 from one another, a key 50 is used as shown in figures 2 and 5 . This key 50 comprises a substantially longitudinal handle 49 terminated by a head portion comprising a stop surface 51 and a lug 52 intended to penetrate into the eyelet 28. The stop surface is substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the handle and of complementary shape of the outer surface of the body of the cam so as to be able to abut against the body of the cam. We are then in the position before unlocking the figure 5 . Then, using the key 50, the two cams 7 and 17 are pivoted together (the movement of the cam 17 causing that of the cam 7) to find themselves in the position of the figure 6 , from which the complete mutual rotation of the two elements 1 and 2 is made possible to obtain the release and therefore detachment. When an untimely unlocking has taken place, for example as shown in figure 1 , the same process is carried out with the key to separate the two elements.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation non représenté aux figures, à la place de la butée 27 auxiliaire, on pourrait utiliser comme moyen d'anti-rotation ou d'anti-décrochage une chaînette dont l'une des extrémités est fixée au coupleur 1 tandis que l'autre extrémité est fixée au dispositif 2 de connexion et la longueur de la chaînette est telle que lorsque les deux éléments 1 et 2 commencent à tourner l'un par rapport à l'autre, cette rotation est arrêtée au bout d'un certain angle tel que le décrochage au niveau de l'axe du crochet n'est pas possible.According to another embodiment not shown in the figures, instead of the auxiliary stop 27, one could use as anti-rotation or anti-release means a chain, one of the ends of which is fixed to the coupler 1 while that the other end is fixed to the connection device 2 and the length of the chain is such that when the two elements 1 and 2 start to rotate with respect to each other, this rotation is stopped after a a certain angle such that unhooking at the axis of the hook is not possible.

Claims (10)

  1. System for coupling a tool, particularly a bucket, to a construction machine or civil engineering machinery or similar, particularly to a lifting arm of a construction machine, particularly a backhoe loader, consisting on the one hand of a connection device (2) designed to be fixed to the bucket and on the other hand a coupler (1), or quick-release fastener (2), designed to be fixed to the construction machine, coupling taking place by means of at least one hook (5) originating from either the connection device or the quick-release fastener and attaching to a corresponding pin (3) from the other connection device or quick-release fastener and on the other hand by a device forming a lock (6, 7, 8, 10, 15) some distance from the pin which, in the locked position, blocks the connection device (5) and the coupler (1) in position with respect to one another, characterised by anti-unhooking means which are designed to keep the hook attached to said pin when the device forming the lock has been unlocked.
  2. System according to claim 1, characterised in that the anti-unhooking means prevent pivoting in relation to a respective pin of the two components, the coupling device and the quick-release fastener, beyond a limit angle beyond which both components become unhooked from one another, for example an angle ranging from several degrees to ten or so degrees.
  3. System according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the device forming a lock consists of a cam originating from either the connection device or the quick-release fastener and an opposite surface originating from the other connection device or quick-release fastener, the cam, in the locked position, being in contact with the opposite surface.
  4. Coupling system according to claim 3, characterised in that the cam (7) is mounted such that it pivots in relation to either the connection device or quick-release fastener from which it originates.
  5. Coupling system according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the anti-unhooking means consist of an auxiliary cam (17) which is mounted such that it pivots in relation to either the connection device or the quick-release fastener.
  6. Coupling system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterised in that at least one spring, for example a torsion spring, is mounted such that it counteracts rotation of the main cam (7) in the unlocking direction.
  7. Coupling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the anti-unhooking means comprise a chain fixed to two components of the coupling system and the arrangement being such that the chain, in the extended state, prevents the two components from pivoting in relation to one another in the direction of a larger mutual spacing.
  8. Civil engineering machinery, construction machine or similar comprising a lifting arm, tool and coupling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  9. Tool, particularly a bucket, comprising the connection device for the coupling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  10. Tool, particularly a bucket, comprising the coupler or quick-release fastener for the coupling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
EP16150337.0A 2015-01-23 2016-01-06 System for coupling a bucket to a construction machine and construction machine and bucket comprising this type of system Active EP3048203B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1500138A FR3031993B1 (en) 2015-01-23 2015-01-23 SYSTEM FOR COUPLING A BUCKET TO A WORK-SITE ENGINE AND SITE AND BODY EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A SYSTEM OF THIS TYPE

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3048203A1 EP3048203A1 (en) 2016-07-27
EP3048203B1 true EP3048203B1 (en) 2021-10-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16150337.0A Active EP3048203B1 (en) 2015-01-23 2016-01-06 System for coupling a bucket to a construction machine and construction machine and bucket comprising this type of system

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3048203B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2900860T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3031993B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8662817B2 (en) * 2009-01-08 2014-03-04 Paladin Brands Group, Inc. Coupler with safety cam
FR2994576B1 (en) * 2012-08-14 2015-09-04 Marcel Morin ASSEMBLY FOR ATTACHING A TOOL, IN PARTICULAR A BUCKET, TO A CONSTRUCTION MACHINE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3031993A1 (en) 2016-07-29
FR3031993B1 (en) 2017-04-21
ES2900860T3 (en) 2022-03-18
EP3048203A1 (en) 2016-07-27

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