EP3034980B1 - Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3034980B1
EP3034980B1 EP14198449.2A EP14198449A EP3034980B1 EP 3034980 B1 EP3034980 B1 EP 3034980B1 EP 14198449 A EP14198449 A EP 14198449A EP 3034980 B1 EP3034980 B1 EP 3034980B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid
exchange
exchange element
reservoir
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14198449.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3034980A1 (de
Inventor
Martin Buchholz
Reiner Buchholz
Mathieu Provost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Technische Universitaet Berlin
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Publication date
Application filed by Technische Universitaet Berlin filed Critical Technische Universitaet Berlin
Priority to EP14198449.2A priority Critical patent/EP3034980B1/de
Priority to US15/536,990 priority patent/US20180003442A1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/080202 priority patent/WO2016097132A1/en
Publication of EP3034980A1 publication Critical patent/EP3034980A1/de
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Publication of EP3034980B1 publication Critical patent/EP3034980B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and a method for operating the device.
  • Document EP 1 459 793 A1 discloses a liquid distributor comprising a primary channel and a secondary channel connected by a guide section.
  • a primary distribution stage has numerous outlet openings for a fluid.
  • a secondary distribution stage is arranged below the primary distribution stage and has distribution channels.
  • Flat guides lead from the first to the second stage. Each guide extends through an distribution channel forming a drip edge for the fluid below the distribution channel.
  • Document FR 2 691 372 A1 discloses a device and a method for treating a liquid discharge.
  • a hot liquid waste is circulated along an evaporation surface of a porous structure. Particles are removed from the liquid by the porous structure.
  • a device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas according to claim 1 is provided.
  • a method for operating the device according to claim 14 is provided. Further embodiments are subject matter of dependent claims.
  • the amount of liquid flowing down the exchange element can be controlled by the size of the upper part of the exchange which is disposed inside the reservoir and by the amount of liquid being in the reservoir (the fill level of the reservoir).
  • the liquid can be brought in contact with the exchange element by disposing a larger part of the exchange element inside the reservoir such that the exchange element is arranged deeper in the reservoir.
  • the fill level of the reservoir with the liquid can be increased.
  • the strength of the capillary force can be controlled by the size of the exchange element being submerged in the liquid.
  • increasing the fill level of the reservoir (between the level of first contact and the opening of the reservoir) leads to an increase of the capillary force.
  • a higher level of liquid means a shorter distance against gravity, resulting in a higher liquid volume flow.
  • the flow of the liquid along the exchange element can be controlled by the fill level of the reservoir. If the fill level reaches the opening of the reservoir, the liquid overflows the reservoir and is pulled by gravitation down the exchange element such that maximum volume flow is reached.
  • the exchange element may be at least partially arranged below the reservoir.
  • the reservoir can also be called a liquid distribution element.
  • the opening can be formed in an upper half of the reservoir. In one embodiment, the opening may be formed at the top of the reservoir.
  • Heat is exchanged between the liquid in the exchange element and the gas flowing along the soaked exchange element, wherein the gas is in direct contact with the liquid.
  • mass can be exchanged between the liquid and the gas.
  • the liquid can be water, a salt solution or an ionic liquid.
  • the gas can be air, natural gas, or ammonia.
  • moisture is transferred from the gas to the liquid.
  • the liquid is heated and the moisture content of the gas is reduced.
  • the heated liquid can be collected for further use.
  • the device can be used for drying natural gas.
  • the liquid By controlling the fill level in the reservoir, the liquid can be evenly distributed along the exchange element, in vertical and / or horizontal direction.
  • the liquid is distributed in horizontal direction of the exchange element by suction of the material of the exchange element.
  • the device may comprise a duct which can surround the exchange region, the reservoir and / or the impounding basin.
  • the gas inlet can be arranged in a lower portion of the device.
  • the gas outlet can be arranged in an upper portion of the device.
  • a lower part of the exchange element is arranged at least partially inside the impounding basin.
  • the liquid flows along the exchange element until it reaches the impounding basin. Formation of droplets is avoided.
  • the lower part of the exchange element is at least partially submerged in the liquid collected in the impounding basin.
  • the exchange element may be tubular.
  • a supporting element may be arranged inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the supporting element may be a tube, a spiral or a packing material.
  • the supporting element may be formed with a perforated surface.
  • the exchange element can be formed as a permeable duct.
  • a heat exchanger element may be arranged inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger element can transport a heat transfer fluid, wherein the temperature of the heat transfer fluid is different from the temperature of the liquid.
  • the heat exchanger element can be connected to a heating or cooling cycle, forming a heat exchanger unit. Walls of the heat exchanger element can be in direct contact with the liquid flowing along the exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger element can be formed as a tube or a spiral.
  • the heat exchanger element may be made from a plastic material.
  • the heat exchanger element can also provide support to the exchange element. In this case, the heat exchanger element and the supporting element are formed by a single component.
  • a lower end of the tubular exchange element may be connected to a perforated plate, and the gas inlet may be configured to provide a flow of gas through the perforated plate inside the tubular exchange element.
  • the perforated plate can be arranged above the gas inlet.
  • the gas can flow through openings in the perforated plate inside the tubular exchange element and / or inside the supporting element. After passing through the exchange element, the gas can be removed from the device by the gas outlet.
  • the exchange element may be flat.
  • the exchange element may be formed with two or more layers.
  • a separation element may be arranged in the exchange region, wherein the layers of the exchange element are separated in the exchange region by the separation element.
  • the two layers of the exchange element may be arranged parallel to each other in the exchange region by the separation element.
  • the two layers of the exchange element may be in direct contact with each other within the reservoir.
  • the supporting element may be formed by stabs or tensed ropes.
  • the heat exchanger element can be exposed to the flat exchange element.
  • the heat exchanger tube may be disposed between two layers of the exchange material or within the layers of the exchange element (if the exchange element comprises three or more layers).
  • the exchange element may be made of an absorbent material, for example a textile, e.g. cotton fabric.
  • each exchange element can be arranged in the exchange region, wherein an upper part of each exchange element is disposed at least partly in the reservoir.
  • the liquid can be moved to the liquid inlet by at least one of the following methods.
  • a liquid pump can be connected to the liquid inlet.
  • the flow of the liquid can be controlled by controlling the operational speed of the liquid pump.
  • a liquid source can be arranged above the liquid inlet and the pressure of liquid at the liquid inlet and the related mass flow of the liquid are at least partially controlled by controlling the opening level of the liquid inlet, e.g. using a throttle valve.
  • the gas can be moved through from the gas inlet through the exchange region to the gas outlet using a ventilator and / or using natural convection, e.g. due to differences of gas density between in- and outgoing gas caused by heat transfer between liquid and gas within the exchange region.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a heat (and mass) transfer device.
  • the device comprises a duct 3.
  • the reservoir 7, the exchange element 11 and the impounding basin 9 are arranged within the duct 3.
  • a gas inlet 4 is formed in a lower region of the duct 3.
  • a gas outlet 5 is formed at an upper region of the duct 3.
  • a gas stream flows from the gas inlet 4 to the gas outlet 5.
  • a reservoir 7 is arranged which is in connection to a liquid inlet 6.
  • a liquid impounding basin 9 is arranged below the reservoir 7.
  • An exchange element 11 (also called wet pad) is arranged between the reservoir 7 and the impounding basin 9.
  • An upper part 11a of the exchange element is disposed through an opening 20 of the reservoir 7 such that the upper part 11a is arranged inside the reservoir 7.
  • the upper part 11a may touch a bottom of the reservoir.
  • Liquid 2 is filled in the reservoir via the liquid inlet 6. When the liquid 2 contacts the upper part 11a of the exchange element 11, capillary forces draw the liquid along the exchange element (against the force of gravity). By controlling the fill level of the reservoir, the strength of the capillary forces is determined.
  • a stream of gas is provided by a gas inlet 4.
  • the gas streams along the exchange elements where it is in direct contact with the liquid. Heat (and mass) can be exchanged between the gas and the liquid.
  • the gas is retrieved from the device by a gas outlet 5.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the device is shown in Fig. 2 .
  • Several exchange elements are arranged in the exchange region. Further, a separation element 16 is provided.
  • the exchange elements 11 are each formed by two layers of a material (e.g. a textile). The two layers are put together in the upper part of the exchange elements. Inside the exchange region, the two layers are separated by the separation element 16 such that the two layers of each exchange element 11ba, 11bb hang parallel to each other.
  • a material e.g. a textile
  • Fig. 3 shows another embodiment.
  • the exchange element 11 is tubular at least in the exchange region below the reservoir 7.
  • a supporting element 14 is arranged inside the tubular exchange element 11 in order to support the separation of the walls of the exchange element.
  • the supporting element 14 can be a perforated tube.
  • a perforated plate 15 is arranged at a lower end of the duct 3.
  • the exchange element 11 is positioned such that the lower end of the exchange element fits through an opening of the perforated plate 15.
  • Gas 1 provided by the gas inlet 4 flows through the lower part of the exchange element 11 and then further inside the supporting element 14 along the exchange region, being in direct contact with the liquid here.
  • the gas may leave the tubular exchange element 11 through openings in the supporting element 14 and through the permeable structure of the exchange element 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen einer Flüssigkeit und einem Gas, aufweisend:
    - einen Flüssigkeitseinlass (6), der mit einem Behälter (7) zum Aufbewahren der Flüssigkeit (2) verbunden ist, wobei der Behälter (7) mit einer Öffnung in einem oberen Bereich des Behälters (7) gebildet ist und wobei der Behälter (7) an einem oberen Ende eines Austauschbereichs angeordnet ist, und
    - ein Austauschelement (11), das im Austauschbereich angeordnet ist,
    wobei ein oberer Teil des Austauschelements (11) durch die Öffnung des Behälters (7) angeordnet ist, sodass der obere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise innerhalb des Behälters (7) angeordnet ist und sodass der obere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise in die Flüssigkeit (2) eingetaucht ist,
    gekennzeichnet durch
    - einen Gaseinlass (4) zum Bereitstellen des Gases in den Austauschbereich,
    - einen Gasauslass (5) zum Zurückholen des Gases aus dem Austauschbereich, und
    - ein Auffangbecken (9), wobei das Auffangbecken (9) unterhalb des Behälters (7) angeordnet ist und wobei das Auffangbecken (9) mit einem Flüssigkeitsauslass (10) gebildet ist,
    wobei ein unterer Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise innerhalb des Auffangbeckens (9) angeordnet ist, sodass der untere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise in die Flüssigkeit (2) eingetaucht ist, die im Auffangbeckens (9) gesammelt ist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Austauschelement (11) röhrenförmig ist.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, wobei ein Stützelement (14) innerhalb des röhrenförmigen Austauschelements (11) angeordnet ist.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Stützelement (14) eine Röhre ist.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei das Stützelement (14) mit einer perforierten Oberfläche gebildet ist.
  6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, wobei das Stützelement (14) eine Spirale ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 6, wobei ein Wärmeaustauschelement innerhalb des röhrenförmigen Austauschelements (11) angeordnet ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, wobei ein unteres Ende des röhrenförmigen Austauschelements (11) mit einer perforierten Platte verbunden ist und wobei der Gaseinlass (4) ausgebildet ist, einen Gasstrom durch die perforierte Platte innerhalb des röhrenförmigen Austauschelements (11) bereitzustellen.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Austauschelement (11) flach ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 9, wobei das Austauschelement (11) mit zwei Schichten gebildet ist, wobei ein Trennelement (16) im Austauschbereich angeordnet ist und wobei die zwei Schichten des Austauschelements (11) im Austauschbereich durch das Trennelement (16) getrennt sind.
  11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, wobei die zwei Schichten des Austauschelements (11) durch das Trennelement (16) parallel zueinander im Austauschbereich angeordnet sind.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, wobei ein Wärmeaustauschelement zum flachen Austauschelement (11) exponiert ist.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Austauschelement (11) aus einem absorbierenden Material besteht.
  14. Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmeübertragungsvorrichtung, wobei die Wärmeübertragungsvorrichtung umfasst:
    - einen Gaseinlass (4),
    - einen Gasauslass (5),
    - einen Flüssigkeitseinlass (6), der mit einem Behälter (7) zum Aufbewahren der Flüssigkeit (2) verbunden ist, wobei der Behälter (7) mit einer Öffnung in einem oberen Bereich des Behälters (7) gebildet ist und wobei der Behälter (7) an einem oberen Ende des Austauschbereichs angeordnet ist,
    - ein Auffangbecken (9), wobei das Auffangbecken (9) unterhalb des Behälters (7) angeordnet ist und wobei das Auffangbecken (9) mit einem Flüssigkeitsauslass (10) gebildet ist, und
    - ein Austauschelement (11), das im Austauschbereich angeordnet ist,
    und wobei das Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - Anbringen eines oberen Teils des Austauschelements (11) durch die Öffnung des Behälters (7), sodass der obere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise im Behälter (7) angeordnet ist,
    - Anordnen eines unteren Teils des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise innerhalb des Auffangbeckens (9), sodass der untere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise in die Flüssigkeit (2) eingetaucht ist, die im Auffangbecken (9) gesammelt ist,
    - Füllen des Behälters (7) zumindest abschnittsweise mit der Flüssigkeit (2), sodass der obere Teil des Austauschelements (11) zumindest abschnittsweise in die Flüssigkeit (2) eingetaucht ist und ein Fluss von Flüssigkeit (2) entlang des Austauschelements (11) entsteht,
    - Bereitstellen durch den Gaseinlass (4) des Gases in den Austauschbereich, sodass das Gas in direktem Kontakt mit der Flüssigkeit (2) im Austauschelement (11) ist, und
    - Zurückholen durch den Gasauslass (5) des Gases aus dem Austauschbereich.
EP14198449.2A 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung Active EP3034980B1 (de)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14198449.2A EP3034980B1 (de) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung
US15/536,990 US20180003442A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device
PCT/EP2015/080202 WO2016097132A1 (en) 2014-12-17 2015-12-17 Device for heat transfer between a liquid and a gas and method for operating the device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14198449.2A EP3034980B1 (de) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3034980A1 EP3034980A1 (de) 2016-06-22
EP3034980B1 true EP3034980B1 (de) 2017-07-12

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EP14198449.2A Active EP3034980B1 (de) 2014-12-17 2014-12-17 Vorrichtung zur wärmeübertragung zwischen einer flüssigkeit und einem gas und verfahren zum betrieb der vorrichtung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20180003442A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3034980B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016097132A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB498715A (en) * 1936-12-18 1939-01-12 Rene Velut Improvements in and relating to liquid cooling devices
US3284068A (en) * 1964-02-26 1966-11-08 Mc Graw Edison Co Flow adjustable water trough means for evaporative cooler pads
US3290025A (en) * 1965-11-19 1966-12-06 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Trough system for evaporative heat exchangers
FR2491773A1 (fr) * 1980-10-15 1982-04-16 Caso Pillet Sarl Procede et dispositif pour provoquer des echanges physiques et/ou chimiques entre un liquide et un gaz
CH671165A5 (de) * 1987-03-02 1989-08-15 Sulzer Ag
FR2691372B1 (fr) * 1992-05-22 1994-10-14 Aerospatiale Procédé et installation de traitement de rejets liquides par évaporation.
EP0704232B1 (de) * 1994-09-28 1998-01-14 Sulzer Chemtech AG Flüssigkeitsverteiler für Kolonnen
ATE286771T1 (de) * 1998-11-30 2005-01-15 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Gegenstromkolonne mit flüssigkeitsverteiler
EP1459793B1 (de) * 2003-03-17 2011-07-27 Sulzer Chemtech AG Feinverteiler für eine Flüssigkeit
EP1464370A1 (de) * 2003-03-17 2004-10-06 Sulzer Chemtech AG Feinverteiler für eine Flüssigkeit
DE102009000617A1 (de) 2009-02-04 2010-08-05 Universität Kassel Einrichtung zum Entfeuchten, Erwärmen und/oder Kühlen eines Fluids
EP2828597B8 (de) * 2012-03-19 2016-09-21 General Electric Technology GmbH Vorrichtung zum kondensieren von dampf

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180003442A1 (en) 2018-01-04
WO2016097132A1 (en) 2016-06-23
EP3034980A1 (de) 2016-06-22

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