EP3033513A1 - Procédé permettant le diagnostic pour chaque injecteur d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne pourvu d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant - Google Patents

Procédé permettant le diagnostic pour chaque injecteur d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne pourvu d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant

Info

Publication number
EP3033513A1
EP3033513A1 EP14746960.5A EP14746960A EP3033513A1 EP 3033513 A1 EP3033513 A1 EP 3033513A1 EP 14746960 A EP14746960 A EP 14746960A EP 3033513 A1 EP3033513 A1 EP 3033513A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
detected
pressure
injection
error
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14746960.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Walder
Andreas Mehr
Frank Schwanz
Alexander Bernhard
Christian Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH filed Critical MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH
Publication of EP3033513A1 publication Critical patent/EP3033513A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/001—Measuring fuel delivery of a fuel injector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D41/221—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions relating to the failure of actuators or electrically driven elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M65/00—Testing fuel-injection apparatus, e.g. testing injection timing ; Cleaning of fuel-injection apparatus
    • F02M65/003—Measuring variation of fuel pressure in high pressure line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/224—Diagnosis of the fuel system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0618—Actual fuel injection timing or delay, e.g. determined from fuel pressure drop

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for injector-specific diagnosis of a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 and an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • Pre-injection and / or post-injection can be controlled and / or regulated accordingly.
  • so far no possibility is known to implement in a simple and reliable way an injector-individual diagnosis in the sense of a so-called on-board diagnosis for the individual injectors of an internal combustion engine.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method which a
  • the object is achieved by providing a method with the steps of claim 1.
  • a pressure profile in a single memory of an injector is detected time-resolved.
  • the recorded pressure profile is evaluated.
  • Based on the detected and evaluated pressure curve is determined whether an error condition of the injector is present in the region of the injector.
  • the error condition is identified on the basis of the recorded and evaluated pressure curve.
  • Pressure curve in the individual memory is preferably by a in the range of
  • Single memory arranged pressure sensor in particular by means of a strain sensor, measured time-resolved.
  • the pressure signal measured directly at the respective injector can be unambiguously assigned to the injector, in particular since no interference frequencies of other injectors or other cylinders of the individual memory are present on the pressure signal of the individual memory
  • Injektor intimidation of the signal superfluous. However, it is possible to perform such filtering and / or calibration.
  • Filtering is performed to work with a smoothed signal. This facilitates, in particular, the determination of injection times from the pressure signal which will be explained below.
  • a method is preferred which is characterized in that the pressure profile in the individual memory is recorded in a time-resolved manner synchronized with an energization of the injector.
  • the pressure profile is preferably detected simultaneously or overlapping with the energization of the injector.
  • the synchronization of the pressure detection with the Injektorbestromung provides certain that the detected pressure profile can be clearly assigned to an injection event, for example a pre-injection, a main injection or a post-injection.
  • the synchronization ensures that the pressure profile is detected when an injection event is actually to take place, so that in particular it is not necessary to detect the pressure profile permanently. As a result, the amount of data to be detected can be reduced and the process can be simplified.
  • the detected pressure profile is assigned to an injection event, for example a pre-injection, a main injection or a post-injection.
  • an injection event for example a pre-injection, a main injection or a post-injection.
  • Control unit which both the energization of the injectors and the detection of
  • Controlling pressure curves generates a time signal, wherein both the detected pressure curves and the injection events time values are assigned by the control unit. On the basis of these time values, it is then readily possible to record individual pressure profiles
  • An injection end determined from the pressure curve must lie temporally after the end of the current supply by the control unit.
  • Start of injection and a stored in the control unit Sollspritzbeginn may not be greater than a predeterminable, thus parametrierbares maximum.
  • it may be added that the time interval between the injection end detected from the pressure curve and a desired injection end deposited in the control unit may not be greater than a predeterminable maximum.
  • a method is also preferred which is distinguished by the fact that it is checked whether the injector is energized.
  • the control unit causes energization of the injector, but no voltage or no current arrives at this. For example, you can Cable may be damaged or loosened.
  • the control unit itself has a defect, as a result of which it does not actuate the injector correctly, and thus does not correctly cause the current supply to the injector.
  • at least one energization value of the energization of the injector is detected and used for determining an error state and / or for identifying the error state. For example, a voltage or a current can be detected as an energizing value, these values changing in a characteristic manner when the current of the injector is correctly energized, so that the injector current can be detected.
  • a correct energization of the injector is determined when the detected Bestromungswert exceeds or falls below a predetermined threshold. It depends on the exceeding or falling below the
  • predetermined threshold in particular, which sign of the
  • the magnitude of the current value can be compared with a threshold value at the time of the injector current, wherein a correct current is preferably determined when the magnitude of the current value exceeds a predetermined threshold value. In another embodiment of the method, it is also possible to check whether the detected
  • Bestromungswert lies in a predetermined interval. This is a correct
  • a method is also preferred, which is characterized in that a fault condition is detected and identified as a missing injection when the injector is energized, wherein no pressure drop is detected in the pressure curve.
  • the evaluation of the detected pressure curve includes in this case so that it is checked whether a pressure drop is detectable. Namely, if a correct injection occurs when the injector is energized, the pressure in the individual memory breaks during the injection. If the injector does not supply such a pressure drop correctly, it will be used as part of the
  • an error condition is identified as missing injection only if, in addition, an operating point-dependent predefined setpoint volume of fuel to be injected by the control unit is greater than a predetermined minimum value.
  • the approach is based on the idea that below a certain, to be injected nominal volume no reliable detection of the pressure drop by evaluating the
  • the predetermined minimum value can not be definitely determined whether the injection was actually omitted, or whether only the actually performed injection was not correctly detected. Therefore, in the context of the identification of the error state, it is preferably always checked whether the setpoint volume specified by the injection control unit exceeds the predetermined minimum value. If this is the case, and also no pressure drop is detected in the pressure curve, it can be safely assumed that there is an error condition that can be identified as missing injection.
  • an error condition is detected and identified as incorrect injection when the injector is not energized, wherein a pressure drop in the
  • a fault condition is detected and identified as Congressnbegrenzungsventil- error of the injector associated Mengenbegrenzungsventils when a characteristic overshoot is detected in the pressure curve.
  • Pressure course preferably also includes that the curve - preferably the filtered pressure curve - on characteristic features such as the characteristic elevation, which is also referred to as the opening wave is examined. If such an opening wave is detected, it is concluded in the context of the method that the
  • an error condition is detected and identified as a continuous injection when a permanent pressure drop is detected.
  • the pressure curve has an initially continuously decreasing and later constant low profile, because the injector is permanently open to the cylinder, so that no more high pressure can build up in the individual memory.
  • Such continuous injection indicates a twofold error, namely on the one hand a defective quantity limiting valve, which does not prevent a steady outflow of fuel from the individual memory, and on the other hand to a faulty injector, which is permanently arranged in an open state and no longer closes.
  • an error state is determined and identified as an invalid injection if an injection time determined from the detected pressure profile lies outside a predetermined validity range.
  • an injection start is determined as the injection time from the detected pressure curve during the evaluation.
  • At least one injection time characteristic map is preferably stored for at least one desired injection time, in which values for the desired injection time are stored, depending on a rail pressure of the injection system detected by means of a rail pressure sensor.
  • Validity maps are now preferably used in the context of the method, in which - preferably depending on the railtik -, so depending on a pressure in a
  • a first validity map is preferably a comparatively wider
  • Scope of validity deposited This is also referred to as an unskilled range of validity and finds particular application when a new injector is used in the internal combustion engine.
  • a method for the correction of the start of injection is implemented, which enters correction values for a start of energization of the injector in a learning map.
  • the control unit detects characteristic
  • a learning progress is preferably detected, and a currently valid validity range for the start of injection is defined more closely around the desired injection start with increasing learning progress.
  • An error state is always detected when the injection start determined from the detected pressure curve is outside the currently applicable validity range.
  • Range of validity can in turn be increased if a short-term drift of the injector occurs.
  • the currently valid validity range is preferably dependent on the learning progress between the stored in the first validity map, unskilled scope and a stored in a second validity map, narrower, learned
  • Scope varies.
  • the learning progress is measured by means of a learning progress counter, which is incremented when the start of injection within the learned
  • Scope is. A maximum for the learning progress counter is preferred provided, upon reaching this is not further incremented, wherein the currently valid scope coincides with the learned validity range when the Lemfortuzes counter has its maximum value. In contrast, the current valid scope coincides with the unskilled scope when the
  • Lemfort intimids counter has the value zero. Between these limits, the valid range of validity currently "breathes" depending on the current value of the progress timer counter
  • the timer progress counter is preferably decremented by a predeterminable, thus parameterizable value after a predetermined time, for example one hour of operation Lem progress counter in one
  • the start of injection is within the unskilled validity range, but outside the learned validity range.
  • the first validity counter is incremented.
  • the start of injection is also within the learned range, the first validity counter is decremented again.
  • a predeterminable maximum is provided wherein the progress counter is decremented so that the current valid scope is increased if that maximum is increased by the first
  • Each injector is therefore assigned its own validity ranges and its own validity counters as well as progress counters
  • Validity ranges for the injection times are set as dependent on the rail pressure, whereby they are defined in
  • an error state is detected and identified as a level error if the detected pressure curve undershoots or exceeds predetermined level limits.
  • the pressure profile is filtered before it is checked in the evaluation, whether predetermined level limits are exceeded or exceeded by the then filtered pressure curve.
  • the filtering serves to smooth the pressure curve and to avoid distortion of the error detection by possible outliers in the pressure curve.
  • the comparison of the pressure curve with the predetermined level limits in the context of the evaluation serves to ensure that a maximum, predetermined pressure and a minimum predetermined pressure are not undershot or exceeded, or at least not permanently exceeded or exceeded.
  • an error condition is detected and identified as a noise error when noise of the detected pressure profile exceeds a predetermined threshold.
  • a noise band analysis of the detected pressure signal is preferably carried out in the context of the evaluation in order to detect quantitatively the noise superimposed on the signal.
  • An error condition is detected when the noise becomes too large in the sense that it exceeds the predetermined threshold.
  • the noise band analysis is based on the unfiltered pressure curve.
  • a defect of the injector is identified when one of the previously mentioned error conditions is detected once.
  • first the various error conditions are merely registered, whereby only a defect is detected when they occur more frequently. It is very possible that such a
  • Error condition equal to a measure is taken, which is suitable for the correction of a defect.
  • a method is preferable which is characterized in that a failure of the fuel injector is identified when an error state counter exceeds a predetermined maximum value, and the error state counter is incremented when an error condition is detected.
  • each error state is preferably assigned a separate error state counter. wherein each error state counter is in turn assigned a separate, predetermined maximum value. For example, a missing injection counter is incremented when a missing injection is identified as an error condition. The same applies accordingly to the other error conditions.
  • a counter is preferably assigned to each injector for each error state, wherein the maximum values predetermined for the individual error states are preferably the same for all injectors.
  • the predetermined maximum values are preferably chosen such that a defect of the fuel injection device, in particular a defect of the injector or a component associated therewith, for example that assigned to the injector
  • Exceeds maximum value for example, a probability can be defined with which a corresponding accumulation is no longer random.
  • a second validity counter is provided, which is incremented when the determined one
  • Injection time is outside the current valid range.
  • the counter is preferably decremented if the determined injection time lies within this validity range.
  • the currently valid scope of validity itself is within the framework of the method between the learned and the unskilled
  • Scope varies depending on the learning progress of the control of the injector.
  • the error status counter assigned to the individual error states is preferably incremented when an error condition is detected and identified.
  • the individual error state counters are decremented if, during an injection event, no corresponding error state is detected and identified. This allows the counters to be reset if no error condition occurs over an extended period of time. In this case, the probability is high that the one-time or at least rarely occurring error state is a random fluctuation. When decrementing, however, negative values are preferably avoided. An error state counter having the value zero is thus preferably not further decremented if no error state associated with the counter occurs.
  • a defect is therefore preferably identified only if a corresponding
  • a method is preferred in which a defect of the fuel injection device, in this case specifically of the injector, is identified when a correction value determined for the activation of the injector exceeds a predetermined learning limit.
  • the control unit determines injector-individual correction values for triggering the injectors in order to keep the actual values realized by the injectors, in particular the start of injection, the duration of injection and / or the end of injection, as close as possible to the injectors
  • correction values are stored in correction maps, in particular for a start of energization and a lighting period, operating point-dependent and injector-individual correction values which are used for triggering. If an injector wears out, this can lead to an ever greater correction in the control, so that the corresponding correction values in the maps associated with the injector grow. Accordingly, for the correction values preferably defines learning limits, beyond which wear and / or defect of the injector is present.
  • two learning limits are preferably specified for each correction value, namely a first, hard learning limit and a second, soft learning limit.
  • a warning is preferably output, which should in particular indicate to an operator of the internal combustion engine that wear or failure of an injector is taking place. If the first, hard learning limit is exceeded, the operation of the internal combustion engine is preferably stopped because its safe and / or damage-free operation is no longer guaranteed.
  • the first learning limit is preferably as a map as a function of a desired fuel quantity to be injected, in particular a desired volume to be injected, and a
  • the second learning limit is preferably stored as a percentage of the value stored for the first learning limit.
  • the first learning limit in a three-dimensional map depending on the target amount and the injection start pressure, in particular the rail pressure, deposited, wherein the second learning limit is stored as a one-dimensional value, namely as a percentage.
  • Correction values of the energization duration of the injectors are stored. If one of these correction values exceeds the predetermined learning limits, a defect or wear of the affected injector can be assumed.
  • a method is also preferred, which is characterized in that a pressure sensor is used for detecting the pressure profile, of which at least one operating value is detected. This may be, for example, a sensor current or a sensor voltage.
  • An error in the pressure sensor is preferably identified when the at least one operating value exceeds or falls below a predetermined threshold. Alternatively or additionally, an error in the pressure sensor is identified when the at least one operating value is outside a predetermined validity interval. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to identify an error in the pressure sensor, if
  • predetermined level limits are exceeded or fallen below by the sensor signal.
  • Threshold exceeds.
  • a strain gauge or a strain sensor is preferably used, which is arranged on the individual memory or the injector such that it can detect the pressure in the individual memory. By detecting the at least one operating value of the pressure sensor, it is also possible in particular to determine whether there is a broken cable, a defective sensor cable or a detached sensor cable.
  • the affected injector If a fault of the pressure sensor is detected, it is no longer possible to control the affected injector on the basis of the individually determined measured values. It is therefore in this case in the context of the method preferably the affected injector with the average value of all other functioning injectors driven and / or corrected. Preferably, a predetermined maximum value is specified, which indicates how many pressure sensors the
  • Internal combustion engine may be defective before such an average correction is no longer possible. If the number of pressure sensors detected as defective exceeds this limit
  • the control based on the individual storage pressure profile for all injectors is shut down and switched to a control based on generalized assumptions about the injector aging. Such measures are known to those skilled in the art, so that will not be discussed in detail.
  • a method is also preferred which is characterized in that it is applied to all injectors of the internal combustion engine. It is therefore preferred not only individual injectors of the internal combustion engine monitored by the method on fault conditions and / or defects, but all the injectors, which has the internal combustion engine or the fuel injection device of the internal combustion engine. In the event of an error condition, the faulty injector is preferably identified, which is readily possible via the allocation of the pressure profile, by means of which the fault condition has been determined, to the affected injector.
  • a method is also preferred which is characterized in that it is carried out permanently during the operation of the internal combustion engine. In this case, all injectors of the internal combustion engine are particularly preferably continuously on during operation
  • the method is carried out at predetermined time intervals.
  • the injectors of the internal combustion engine are not permanently and continuously monitored, but it is checked only at certain times or at predetermined intervals, if there are fault conditions and / or defects in the area of the fuel injection device. If appropriate, this can be sufficient for a safe and damage-free operation of the internal combustion engine, whereby computing time and computing power can be saved if the method is not performed permanently.
  • the object is also solved by an internal combustion engine with the characteristics of
  • the internal combustion engine has a fuel injection device, which comprises at least one injector.
  • the at least one injector has one
  • the internal combustion engine is characterized by a pressure sensor, which is designed and arranged such that the pressure in the individual memory can be detected by means of the pressure sensor.
  • a control device is provided, which is set up to carry out a method according to one of the previously described embodiments. In doing so, the advantages that have already been explained in connection with the method are realized.
  • the fuel injection device preferably has a common high-pressure accumulator for all injectors, namely a so-called common rail.
  • the fuel injection device is preferably designed as a common rail injection device.
  • the individual memories additionally assigned to the injectors effect a decoupling of the individual accumulator pressure from the rail pressure, so that error states associated with the injectors can be more reliably detected via the detection of the individual accumulator pressure profile because the pressure profile in a single individual accumulator is influenced at most to a slight extent by pressure gradients in other individual accumulators , Furthermore, pressure fluctuations in the individual memories continue only to a small extent in the common high-pressure accumulator, so that the latter essentially has a constant high pressure over time, namely the rail pressure.
  • the control unit is preferably designed as an engine control unit for the internal combustion engine.
  • the internal combustion engine on the one hand can have an engine control unit for controlling and, on the other hand, a separate control device for carrying out the method.
  • the control unit and the engine control unit are preferably connected to one another via at least one interface so that they can exchange data.
  • the pressure sensor is preferably designed as a strain sensor or as a strain gauge and particularly preferably arranged directly in the region of the single memory.
  • control unit is operatively connected to the pressure sensor to record the pressure data detected by this and / or to be able to control the pressure sensor. It is possible that an operative connection via at least one cable and / or a wireless operative connection is provided.
  • the control device preferably has a detection means for the time-resolved detection of a pressure profile measured with the aid of the pressure sensor. Furthermore, the control unit comprises an evaluation means for evaluating the detected pressure profile.
  • the evaluation means preferably comprises in particular means for determining at least one injection time, in particular a start of injection and an injection end, wherein the means are preferably designed for carrying out a method for determining a
  • the evaluation means preferably comprises means for detecting a pressure drop in the pressure curve, means for detecting a characteristic elevation in the pressure profile, means for detecting a permanent pressure drop, filter means for filtering the detected pressure profile, means for determining whether the detected pressure profile predetermines Level limits below or exceeds, and / or means to perform a noise band analysis of the detected pressure profile.
  • control device has a locking means, which is designed to determine on the basis of the detected and evaluated pressure curve, whether a fault condition of the injector is present in the region of the injector.
  • control unit includes the control unit an identification means with which the error state can be identified on the basis of the detected and evaluated pressure profile.
  • the locking means and the identifying means comprise means for locking a
  • Identify injection detect a fault condition and identify as a level error, and / or determine an error condition and as a noise error
  • the controller further preferably includes injector identification means for individually associating a detected and identified error condition with an injector.
  • control unit preferably comprises means for identifying a defect of the fuel injection device when an error state counter exceeds a predetermined maximum value, or if a value determined for the activation of the injector
  • Correction value exceeds a predetermined learning limit.
  • the method is stored in the control unit in a hardware-based manner.
  • a computeogram product to be loaded into the controller, which includes instructions for performing a method according to any of the above-described embodiments when the computational product is stored on the computer
  • Control unit is running.
  • a data carrier is preferred on which such
  • Data carrier is a control device in which deposits a corresponding computer program product, or in which a corresponding Compute ⁇ rogrammeck.
  • an internal combustion engine is preferred, which is characterized in that the fuel injection device comprises a plurality of injectors and a common
  • High-pressure accumulator for supplying the plurality of injectors with fuel.
  • a fuel injection is designed as a common rail injection device.
  • the method is particularly advantageous to a
  • Internal combustion engine with a plurality of injectors applicable because fault conditions and / or defects can be determined injector-individual and assigned to the faulty injector.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably designed as a reciprocating engine.
  • the internal combustion engine is used to drive in particular heavy land or water vehicles, such as mining vehicles, trains, the internal combustion engine is used in a locomotive or a railcar, or ships. It is also possible to use the internal combustion engine to drive a defense vehicle, for example a tank.
  • An embodiment of the internal combustion engine is preferably also stationary, for example, for stationary
  • the internal combustion engine in this case preferably drives a generator.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably designed as a diesel engine, as a gasoline engine, as a gas engine for operation with natural gas, biogas, special gas or another suitable gas.
  • the internal combustion engine is designed as a gas engine, it is suitable for use in a cogeneration plant for stationary power generation.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of a
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a first error condition
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a second error condition
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a third error condition
  • Figure 5 is a schematic representation of a definition of certain scope for
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation of the definition of predetermined level limits in
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of an internal combustion engine 1.
  • This has a fuel injection device 3 which comprises a plurality of injectors, of which only one injector 5 is shown here for the sake of simplified illustration.
  • the injector 5 has an individual memory 7.
  • a quantity limiting valve not shown here, which is provided downstream of the individual accumulator 7, is preferably also integrated into the injector 5, which prevents the metering of an excessively high quantity of inflowing material into a cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1 assigned to the injector 5.
  • a pressure sensor 9 is provided, which is arranged here on the injector 5 such that the pressure in the individual memory 7 can be detected by means of the pressure sensor 9.
  • control unit 11 is provided, which is operatively connected to the pressure sensor 9 for detecting the pressure in the individual memory 7.
  • the control unit 11 has a detection means 13 for the time-resolved detection of a pressure profile, which is measured by means of the pressure sensor 9.
  • control unit 11 has an evaluation means 15 for evaluating the detected pressure profile, wherein it also has a locking means 17, which is designed for
  • the control device 11 Determining based on the detected and evaluated pressure curve, whether an error condition of the injector 3 in the region of the injector 5 is present.
  • the control device 11 also includes an identification means 19 with which the error state can be identified on the basis of the detected and evaluated pressure profile.
  • the fuel injection device 3 comprises in the illustrated embodiment, a common high-pressure accumulator 21, which also serves as a common bar or common rail is referred to, and which is in fluid communication with the injectors 5, so that they are supplied from the high-pressure accumulator 21 with fuel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a first error state which can be detected and identified within the scope of the method.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram in which a pressure curve D detected for an individual memory of an injector is plotted as a solid curve against a time axis labeled t. It can be on the time axis, a real time in physical time units or quasi an intrinsic time of
  • Brerinkxaftmaschine be removed in units of an instantaneous angle of the crankshaft (° CA). Shown is an injection event, in which the pressure curve in the individual memory shows a pressure drop due to an injection. Also shown in FIG. 2 is the dot-dash line of the course of a current value B, which may be a current or a voltage that is detected for the injector. The fault state shown in FIG. 2 corresponds to an incorrect injection in which the injector is not energized, which is indicated by the constant course of the energization value B. Nevertheless, a pressure drop takes place in the individual memory, which can be read on the pressure curve D. Such incorrect injection can occur, for example, due to a defective pilot valve or by a short circuit to ground.
  • FIG. 3 shows an analogous schematic representation of a second fault condition which is identified as a missing injection. This shows that the pressure curve D shows no pressure drop, although the course of the current value B indicates that the injector was energized. Accordingly, there is an error in which the injector does not open despite correct activation.
  • FIG. 4 shows a pressure curve D plotted against a time axis labeled with t for an error state which is identified as a continuous injection.
  • a permanent pressure drop occurs in the individual memory, because permanently a fluid connection between the individual memory and a cylinder assigned to the injector
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of the determination of an invalid injection.
  • the pressure curve D is plotted against the time axis denoted by t.
  • target injection timing namely a desired injection start SB and a desired injection end SE.
  • Corresponding values are preferably stored in maps, particularly preferably depending at least on the rail pressure, particularly preferably on the rail pressure and a desired fuel quantity to be injected.
  • predetermined validity ranges are preferably stored, which are particularly preferably likewise stored as characteristic maps, in particular as a function of the rail pressure. This is explained below for the sake of simpler illustration only for the desired injection start SB. However, the same explanations also apply to the desired injection end SE as well.
  • Scope namely, a first, unskilled range A u , which is drawn here between two dash-dotted vertical lines, and a second, learned
  • Scope A g which is smaller than the unskilled scope A u , with its limits within the limits of the unskilled scope A u .
  • the boundaries of the second, learned validity range A g are here represented by dotted vertical lines.
  • Scope determines whose boundaries are between the limits of the unskilled
  • Scope is adapted to a learning progress of the considered injector.
  • Determining and identifying an invalid injection first the full, unskilled scope A u applied. It turns out that as the progress of the learning progresses, by adjusting the correction values in the corresponding correction maps of the controller to the new injector, the actual acquired measurement values for the start of injection come closer to the target injection start SB.
  • This learning progress is preferably detected by means of a learning progress counter, which is incremented when the determined start of injection is within the learned validity range A g . After a certain time, for example, an operating hour of the internal combustion engine, the Learning progress counter again reduced by a predetermined value, preferably both the time and the predetermined value can be parameterized.
  • the learning progress counter is inserted between the learned validity area A g and the
  • Unlearned scope A u interpolates, so that the currently valid scope always minimally has the limits of the learned scope A g and at most the limits of the unskilled range A u .
  • Invalid injection will always be detected if the established start of injection is outside the current valid range.
  • Scope can be extended if a momentary fluctuation of the
  • a first validity counter is preferably provided, which is incremented if the determined start of injection lies within the limits of the unskilled validity range A u and outside the limits of the learned validity range A g . If this first validity counter exceeds a predetermined maximum, the
  • the learning progress counter is preferably decremented, and the current one
  • the first validity counter is preferred
  • Scope A g is.
  • the first validity counter preferably assumes a minimum value of zero, so that no negative counter values are formed.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic and diagrammatic representation for determining
  • a first, predetermined upper level limit PI and a second, lower predetermined level limit P2 are set for the pressure curve, wherein the pressure curve D should run within the level limits PI, P2 at correctly operating injector.
  • a filtered and / or average ter pressure curve D of the consideration is used, which is indicated in Figure 6 by the solid, smooth curve. This curve lies completely within the level limits PI, P2, so that no level error is detected.
  • the consideration is based on the unfiltered pressure curve, which here in some areas at the beginning of
  • Curve D by a sectioned reproduced, unfiltered curve D u indicated is.
  • a tip of the unfiltered curve D u projects beyond the upper level limit PI, so that in this case an error condition is detected and identified as a level error.
  • the unfiltered signal of the pressure sensor is compared with its own filter result, ie the signal after filtering, with a
  • Deviation of the unfiltered signal from the filtered signal is determined to

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant le diagnostic pour chaque injecteur d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant (3) d'un moteur à combustion interne (1). Ce procédé comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à : détecter avec une résolution temporelle une variation de pression (D) dans un accumulateur individuel (7) d'un injecteur (5) ; évaluer la variation de pression (D) détectée ; déterminer si une anomalie du dispositif d'injection (3) dans la zone de l'injecteur (5) est présente sur la base de la variation de pression (D) détectée et évaluée, et identifier l'anomalie sur la base de la variation de pression (D) détectée et évaluée.
EP14746960.5A 2013-08-15 2014-08-01 Procédé permettant le diagnostic pour chaque injecteur d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne pourvu d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant Withdrawn EP3033513A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201310216255 DE102013216255B3 (de) 2013-08-15 2013-08-15 Verfahren zur injektorindividuellen Diagnose einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzeinrichtung und Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Kraftstoff-Einspritzeinrichtung
PCT/EP2014/002126 WO2015022058A1 (fr) 2013-08-15 2014-08-01 Procédé permettant le diagnostic pour chaque injecteur d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant et moteur à combustion interne pourvu d'un dispositif d'injection de carburant

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EP3033513A1 true EP3033513A1 (fr) 2016-06-22

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US (1) US9903331B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3033513A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2016532051A (fr)
CN (1) CN105705754A (fr)
DE (1) DE102013216255B3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1226117A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015022058A1 (fr)

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JP2016532051A (ja) 2016-10-13
HK1226117A1 (zh) 2017-09-22
CN105705754A (zh) 2016-06-22
US9903331B2 (en) 2018-02-27
US20160186709A1 (en) 2016-06-30
DE102013216255B3 (de) 2014-11-27
WO2015022058A1 (fr) 2015-02-19

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