EP3033161A1 - Filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes et bougie filtrante pourvue d'un corps interne - Google Patents

Filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes et bougie filtrante pourvue d'un corps interne

Info

Publication number
EP3033161A1
EP3033161A1 EP14752819.4A EP14752819A EP3033161A1 EP 3033161 A1 EP3033161 A1 EP 3033161A1 EP 14752819 A EP14752819 A EP 14752819A EP 3033161 A1 EP3033161 A1 EP 3033161A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
candle
inner body
filtrate
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14752819.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Knut STELLE
Tobias Thiel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Krones AG
Original Assignee
Krones AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones AG filed Critical Krones AG
Publication of EP3033161A1 publication Critical patent/EP3033161A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/44—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
    • B01D29/48—Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces of spirally or helically wound bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/88—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D29/92—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
    • B01D29/925—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor having feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate containing liquid displacement elements or cores
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/31—Other construction details
    • B01D2201/316—Standpipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a filter candle for a precoat candle filter for filtration and / or stabilization of fluids, in particular of beer, and in particular a filter cartridge with inner body. Furthermore, the invention relates to a precoat candle filter with such a filter candle.
  • beer has a multiplicity of yeast and turbidity particles which are to be removed, in particular for the purposes of consumer expectations (eg gloss fineness) and preservation by filtration.
  • the cloudy beer i. the unfiltered, by means of a filter device into a bright filtrate and a remaining filter residue (filter cake) separated.
  • precoat candle filters for the filtration or stabilization of beer.
  • the filter cartridges In the filter vessel of the precoat filter are filter cartridges that are attached, for example, hanging on a top plate or on a register.
  • the filter cartridges generally have a filter body having, for example, a meandering wire, with gaps between the wire turns serving as passages for the medium to be filtered.
  • filter aids such as diatomaceous earth, cellulose, perlite, activated carbon, plastic fibers, glass fibers, cellulose fiber are added to the beer to be filtered.
  • stabilizing agents such as PVPP or Crosspure are added to the beer to be stabilized.
  • the filter aids are washed ashore at the beginning of the filtering process on the outer surface of the filter body, so that a filter layer is formed, this is referred to as the so-called Grundanschwemmung.
  • filter aid is regularly added to the beer to be filtered, this is referred to as a running dosage. Similar to the filter aids, this may also apply to the use of stabilizers.
  • the candle filter is generally ejected with degassed water from the non-filtrate side to the filtrate side. There is a risk that is entered by not completely degassed water undesirably oxygen in the filtrate.
  • Blanking conventional filter cartridges with a gas may fail because the flow conditions through the filter layer and within the filter cartridge are disturbed by diffusion of the gas through the filter layer into the filtrate as soon as the gas-liquid boundary reaches the upper edge of the filtering surface of the filter cartridge.
  • end of a filtration and / or stabilization process may also include a grade change (eg, first light beer and then dark beer is filtered and / or stabilized), but a grade change does not necessarily result in a slurry discharge and cleaning operation instead of.
  • a grade change eg, first light beer and then dark beer is filtered and / or stabilized
  • an object of the present invention to provide a filter candle for a precoat candle filter which allows effective discharge of a residual volume of a beer (for example a cloudy beer or generally a non-filtrate) by means of a gas at the end of a filtration and / or stabilization process
  • an object of the invention is to provide a precoat candle filter which allows effective discharge of a residual volume of a beer (for example a cloudy beer or generally a non-filtrate) by means of a gas at the end of a filtration and or stabilization process.
  • a filter candle for a precoat candle filter according to claim 1.
  • the filter candle is used for filtration and / or stabilization of fluids, especially beer.
  • This filter candle has a End piece and a head piece with a Filtratauslass, wherein the end piece and the head piece close the filter cartridge bottom or top.
  • the terms "bottom” and "top” are used here in the conventional sense, according to which a lower region has a smaller distance to the center of gravity of an external gravitational field than an upper region.
  • the filter cartridge further comprises a filter body and an inner body in the interior of the filter body, wherein the end piece closes a lower portion of the inner body or is connected to a lower end of the inner body, and the head piece terminates an upper portion of the inner body or with an upper end the inner body is connected.
  • the inner body has only in the lower region one or more recesses in an otherwise closed outer shell, through which the filtrate (in the filtration process means so that the filtered beer, the stabilization process is the stabilized beer) can reach the interior of the inner body so that it can rise inside the inner body up to the Filtratauslass.
  • the one or more recesses may be provided in the lower quarter, in particular in the lower fifth or lower sixth of the inner body.
  • the recesses may be provided with bevelled upwards (the longitudinal axis of the recesses thus be inclined upwards from the inside to the outside of the wall of the inner body at an angle to the vertical on the wall), so that the cleaning liquid is directed upwards in a backwashing process.
  • the inner body may be substantially hohizylinderformig and extend along the longitudinal axis of the filter body.
  • substantially hohizylinderformig polygonal geometries are included, which have an axis symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis of the inner body.Also, the inner body can serve as a support body for the filter body.
  • the volume of the inner body can be between 10% and 90%, in particular between 30% and 70
  • the filter body may be formed as a coiled wire around longitudinal struts or spacer elements attached to the inner body.
  • the filter body may be formed in a development substantially hollow cylindrical from a spirally wound wire, wherein the gaps between the wire windings serve as passages for a medium to be filtered (unfiltered). In the "substantially hollow cylindrical" polygonal geometries are included which have an axis symmetry with respect to the longitudinal axis of the filter body.
  • the end piece has a wall which partially covers the filter body, that is to say it has been pulled upwards, whereby a return agent is conducted upwards during a backwashing process and thus the backwashing process is improved.
  • the wall of the tail may project outwardly a predetermined width beyond the filter body so that it can support a precoat filter layer.
  • the filter candle according to one of the examples described above can be used for filtering and / or stabilizing fluids, in particular for filtering and / or stabilizing beer.
  • a particular feature of the filter cartridge is that it has an inside hollow body through which a filtrate can rise upwards in the direction of a Filtratauslasses.
  • the inner body in the lower area (and only there) on one or more recesses.
  • a conventional precoat candle filter can be easily retrofitted by a filter cartridge according to the examples described above.
  • the retrofit may include mounting a gas supply line to the filter vessel of the precoat candle filter for introducing gas into the filter vessel.
  • a precoat candle filter which comprises a filter vessel having a non-filtrate space, wherein a plurality of filter cartridges according to one of the examples of a filter candle described above are arranged in the non-filtrate space.
  • the non-filtrate is filled with unfiltered, in a stabilizing process this example is filled with unstabilized beer.
  • the precoat candle filter may comprise a filtrate compartment separated from the nonfiltrate compartment by a top plate in which the filter cartridges open.
  • the precoat candle filter may include a register drain.
  • the precoat candle filter may comprise a plurality of conduits and an additional piping system, each of the filter cartridges being connected at its header to the plurality of conduits such that filtrate from the filter cartridge passes through a filtrate outlet in the header into its associated conduit can be delivered.
  • the pipelines are connected to the additional piping system so that they are grouped together in one or more groups (register manifolds) so that a filtrate from each group of pipelines can be delivered to a filtrate outlet associated with only that group. The filtrate of a group of pipelines is thus combined and provided via a filtrate.
  • the precoat candle filter of the above examples may comprise a bypass line for discharging a non-filtrate from the non-filtrate space (the filtration process is unfiltered, in the stabilization process non-stabilized beer).
  • This bypass line may be connected to a gas supply, so that at the end of a filtration and / or stabilization process gas via the bypass line in the filter vessel of the precoat filter for expelling a residual volume of a non-filtrate, such as cloudy beer (or in the stabilization order non-stabilized beer) can be supplied.
  • Gas for example CO 2
  • Both the bypass line and the alternative additional gas line may be connected in the upper region of the filter vessel, in particular above a filtrate outlet or said piping for conveying the filtrate out of the filter vessel.
  • a conventional precoat candle filter can be easily retrofitted with one of the above-described examples of a filter cartridge according to the invention.
  • a known filter cartridge for example, from a register sequence to remove and to assemble a filter cartridge according to the invention in their place. After mounting a gas inlet opening into the filter vessel or into an existing bypass line, a residual volume of a non-filtrate can be pushed out via the filter cartridges with the aid of a gas introduced into the filter vessel via the gas supply line.
  • a method for pushing out a non-filtrate (this term here also includes an unstabilized beer) with a residual volume at the end of a filtration and / or stabilization process using a precoat candle filter according to the above examples, the method comprising the steps:
  • a method of cleaning a precoat candle filter particularly with register drain or head plate according to one of the above examples with the above steps of the method for discharging a non-filtrate and the subsequent step of introducing a detergent into the filter cartridges via the piping and piping is provided.
  • the supply of the cleaning agent may be effected in registers, i. for each of the above-mentioned groups of pipelines separately controlled, whereby efficient cleaning can be enabled.
  • FIG. 1a shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a filter cartridge according to the invention
  • Figure 1 b shows a section along the line A-A of Figure 1a
  • Figures 2a to 2d illustrate embodiments of a precoat candle filter according to the invention in various stages of operation
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a filter cartridge according to the invention which is modified in comparison to FIG. 1a.
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b illustrate a filter cartridge 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a helically wound wire serves as a filter body 2.
  • the wire 2 may e.g. be formed in cross section substantially triangular, wherein the base line of the triangle is located on the outside of the candle filter wall and extends in the direction of the candle, so that between each two adjacent turns of the wire extending to the candle interior gap with a gap width of for example 30 - 100th Micrometer forms on the outside of the candle filter wall.
  • the gap between the wire turns serves as a fluid passage (unfiltrate passage) for the unfiltrate.
  • the term unfiltered material here comprises both turbid beer to be filtered, which is present for example after a fermentation process in a fermentation cellar or after a maturation and / or storage process in a storage cellar, as well as beer to be stabilized.
  • the wire 2 is wound around a hollow cylindrical inner body 3 via spacers 4, wherein the inner body 3 and the wire 2 are connected to one another via the spacers 4, for example, welded together at several points.
  • the inner body 3 thus serves as a support body for the filter body 2 which is present in the form of the coiled wire 2.
  • the inner body 3 at the same time serves as a support for the wound wire 2 and thus gives it a high stability.
  • the wire may be wound around longitudinal struts which are not in contact with the inner body 3. It is understood that the Nen redesign 3 not hollow cylindrical must be formed, but any hollow body, for example, with a star-shaped cross-section, can represent.
  • the spacers 4 are formed in this embodiment as rods which extend along the longitudinal axis of the filter cartridge 1. Both the spacers 4 and the inner body 3 extend over the entire length along the longitudinal axis of the filter body 2, d. H. Here, the wound wire 2. Through the inner body 3 and the spacers 4 results in the filter body a plurality of filtrate channels 5. In this embodiment, six spacers 4 were used, so that a total of six Filtratkanäle 5 result. If the wire is wound around longitudinal struts which are not in contact with the inner body 3, an annular channel is formed accordingly. Through the inner body 3, the inner volume in the filter body 2 can be significantly reduced.
  • the inner body 3 can occupy between 10 and 90%, in particular between 30 and 70%, of the inner volume in the filter body 2.
  • the end piece 6 and the head piece 7 are connected to ends of the inner body 3 in connection. By the end piece 6 and the head piece 7, the filtrate channels 5 are still closed at the bottom or top.
  • an inner body in a filter candle is already known from EP 1 243 303 B1.
  • the inner body according to the teaching of EP 1 243 303 B1 has a closed outer jacket, so that no filtrate can penetrate into the interior of the inner body.
  • the inner body has recesses (bores) 9 in the lower region, and only there.
  • the filtrate channels 5 are closed at the top in the head piece 7.
  • unfiltrate (cloudy beer) or stabilized beer can pass through the gaps between the wire windings 2 of the filter body 2 into the filtrate channels 5 of the filter candle 1, are guided downwards, since the filtrate channels 5 are yes are closed at the top, and pass through recesses 9, which are formed in the lower region of the inner body 3, into the interior of the hollow inner body 3.
  • the filtrate rises, as indicated by an arrow, and finally leaves the filter cartridge 1 through the Filtratauslass 8, which is provided in the head piece 7.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2 d show an embodiment of a precoat candle filter 100 according to the invention, which has an unfiltrate space 110 formed by a filter vessel.
  • a non-filtrate eg cloudy beer
  • the Unfiltrateinlass 120 is located at the bottom of the bottom of the unfiltrate 11 forming the filter vessel.
  • the unfiltrate inlet 120 may alternatively take place in the lower region of the unfiltrate space 110.
  • the inlet of the non-filtrate can be regulated, for example, via a control valve and / or a pump.
  • Filter aids and / or stabilizers such as diatomaceous earth, cellulose, perlite, PVPP, cross-pore, activated carbon, plastic fibers, glass fibers, cellulose fibers are added to the unfiltered material for impregnation on the filter cartridges 130.
  • Unfiltrate which is not filtered by the filter cartridge 130, but merely flows past the filter cartridges, leaves the unfiltrate space 1 10 via the outlet 140 and can be fed back to the unfiltrate inlet 120 via a bypass line 150. Due to the unfiltered effluent via the bypass line, an overflow of the entire candle surface can be ensured and thus an optimal precoat layer can be produced so that the precoat layer is formed homogeneously from bottom to top on the candle. Thus, with minimal filter aid use, filtrate of the same quality can be produced over the entire filter surface.
  • the arrows illustrate the flow profile of the unfiltrate in the unfiltrate space 110.
  • At least some of the filter cartridges 130 may be formed like the filter cartridge 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1a and 1b.
  • the filtrate recovered by the filter cartridges 130 rises in the respective inner bodies of the filter cartridges 130.
  • the precoat candle filter 100 has a register piping 160, as is known in principle from EP 1 243 300 B1 and EP 1 427 504 B1.
  • the filter cartridges 130 open with their headers in pipes from which they are carried.
  • the filtrate succeeded through the Filtratauslässe the filter cartridges 130 in the pipes, which are attached via supports to the filter vessel of the precoat filter 100.
  • a number of pipelines is summarized by another pipe system (in Registersammeirohre).
  • the unfiltrate inlet 120 is closed and there remains a residual volume of the unfiltrate, which is to be pushed out, in the unfiltrate space 110 (FIG. 2b).
  • a gas for example CO 2
  • the gas introduced presses on the remaining unfiltrate and pushes it through the filter layers of the filter cartridges 130 formed.
  • the gas-liquid interface gas-unfiltered interface
  • the predetermined distance may be zero or finite.
  • the still remaining residual volume of the unfiltered material and the gas can be discharged, for example, via a further provided outlet line or outlet lines (not shown) before a drain discharge and cleaning process // backwashing process can be carried out.
  • a drain discharge and cleaning process // backwashing process can be carried out.
  • the filter candle according to the invention With the aid of the filter candle according to the invention, it is thus possible to use a precoat candle filter for the filtration and / or stabilization of beer at the end of the beer Filtration and / or stabilization process using a gas expel without the gas would undesirably get into the filtrate and without a precoat filter with register flow, as it is known for example from EP 1 427 504 B1, would have to be changed significantly constructive.
  • the use of the filter cartridges according to the invention requires, in particular, no structural changes to known precoat candle filters (on the filter vessel or the register outlet), which would lead to a deterioration of the precoat behavior or the cleaning / backwashing. A targeted backwashing of separate groups of filter cartridges is possible through the register flow.
  • the stabilizing agent may analogously be meant.
  • filter candle Even if the term filter candle is always used, it also includes, of course, that a fluid, such as beer, can be stabilized with this filter candle.
  • the filtration and stabilization processes can be carried out successively, that is, in two separate devices (for example, using kieselguhr as filter aid and regenerable PVPP as stabilizer).
  • two precoat candle filter can be used, which are identical.
  • the processes of filtration and stabilization can, however, also take place in one process step, that is to say in one device, for Example with simultaneous addition of kieselguhr as filter aid and non-regenerable PVPP as stabilizer.
  • products such as Crosspure can be added, which have the task of the filter aid and stabilizer in one.
  • Stabilization is the absorption of certain molecular fractions (for example certain proteins and tannins / polyphenols) on so-called stabilizing agents.
  • certain molecular fractions for example certain proteins and tannins / polyphenols
  • stabilizing agents for example certain proteins and tannins / polyphenols
  • CO 2 as gas
  • other gases such as nitrogen can be used.
  • any gas can be used which does not adversely affect the quality of the product obtained, for example the beer quality.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a filter cartridge 1 according to the present invention which is similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1a.
  • the recess below the head piece 7 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1a is in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 in part occupied by a further element 11, for example by a ring.
  • a further element 11 for example by a ring.
  • gas trapped in the inflowing unfiltered material at the end of the filtrate channels 5 may possibly be minimized.
  • vent holes may be provided in the respective headers 7, through which trapped gas may exit at the end of the filtrate channels 5.
  • the vent holes may have diameters greater than 60 to 1500, especially 150 to 500, microns. Damage to the filter layer can thus be substantially avoided.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 shows two further changes.
  • the end piece 6 has a higher wall 12 in relation to the example shown in FIG. 1 a in order to provide backwashing operation. To redirect rinse water and thus easier to obtain a flow of Ruthêtwassers up in the filtrate channels, creating a better cleaning effect is generated.
  • the wall 12 is thicker, approximately in accordance with the thickness of the precoat layer, formed, so that it can also serve to support the stranded filter layer.
  • the support of the end piece 6 for the filter body 2 in the embodiment shown in Figure 1a can be made wider.
  • the recesses 9 of the inner body 3 can be bevelled outwardly upwards (the longitudinal axis of the recesses 9 is thus from the inside to the outside of the wall of the inner body 3 at an angle to the vertical on the wall inclined upward) in order to achieve a better cleaning effect in the backflushing operation in that the cleaning liquid is directed in the filtrate channels 5 upwards.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une bougie filtrante pour un filtre à couche à bougies filtrantes, pourvue d'une partie terminale et d'une partie tête qui ferment la bougie filtrante, la partie tête comportant un orifice de sortie de filtrat ; un corps de filtre ; et un corps interne situé à l'intérieur du corps de filtre, la partie terminale fermant une zone inférieure du corps interne et la partie tête fermant une partie supérieure du corps interne. Selon l'invention, le corps interne comporte uniquement dans la zone inférieure un ou plusieurs évidements ménagés dans une enveloppe externe par ailleurs fermée, à travers lesquels le filtrat peut parvenir dans l'intérieur du corps interne. La présente invention concerne en outre un filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes pourvue d'une telle bougie filtrante.
EP14752819.4A 2013-08-14 2014-08-13 Filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes et bougie filtrante pourvue d'un corps interne Withdrawn EP3033161A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013216134.4A DE102013216134A1 (de) 2013-08-14 2013-08-14 Anschwemmkerzenfilter und Filterkerze mit Innenkörper
PCT/EP2014/067289 WO2015022346A1 (fr) 2013-08-14 2014-08-13 Filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes et bougie filtrante pourvue d'un corps interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3033161A1 true EP3033161A1 (fr) 2016-06-22

Family

ID=51359371

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14752819.4A Withdrawn EP3033161A1 (fr) 2013-08-14 2014-08-13 Filtre à couches à bougies filtrantes et bougie filtrante pourvue d'un corps interne

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3033161A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105579109B (fr)
DE (1) DE102013216134A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015022346A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015112270A1 (de) * 2015-07-28 2017-02-02 Friedrich Banke Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Extraktion von Aromastoffen aus in einer Suspension enthaltenen pflanzlichen Aromaträgern in einem Festbett
CN108355387B (zh) * 2018-05-16 2024-01-30 中集安瑞醇科技股份有限公司 一种烛式过滤再生设备
US11679347B2 (en) 2018-09-17 2023-06-20 McFarlen Engineering Ltd. Filter support element and method of using same

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DE1067411B (de) * 1959-10-22 Berlin Rudolf Lannoch Anschwemmfilter aus schraubenförmig gewundenem Draht
DE543088C (de) * 1928-08-03 1932-02-01 Sauerbrey Maschinenfabrik Akt Filterkerze
US2057814A (en) * 1934-12-15 1936-10-20 Abner J Barrett Filter tube
US2347927A (en) * 1938-12-31 1944-05-02 Paterson William Filter
US2780363A (en) * 1952-12-22 1957-02-05 Infilco Inc Apparatus and process for washing diatomite type filters
IT1170053B (it) * 1983-12-23 1987-06-03 Oronzio De Nora Sa Anodo dispersore preimpaccato con backfill in struttura flessibile per protezione catodica con correnti impresse
EP0155336A1 (fr) * 1984-03-27 1985-09-25 Heinz Schumacher Filtre à bougie
DE3631399A1 (de) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-17 Boll & Kirch Filter Filter, insbesondere anschwemmfilter
DE19837569B4 (de) * 1998-08-19 2006-07-06 Khs Ag Verfahren zur Reinigung von Filterkerzen eines Kerzenfilters
DE50104201D1 (de) 2001-03-19 2004-11-25 Steinecker Maschf Anton Filterkerze
ATE268203T1 (de) 2001-03-21 2004-06-15 Steinecker Maschf Anton Kerzenfiltervorrichtung für die bierfiltration
DE20115324U1 (de) 2001-09-17 2003-02-20 Steinecker Maschf Anton Einlaufverteiler

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2015022346A1 (fr) 2015-02-19
CN105579109A (zh) 2016-05-11
CN105579109B (zh) 2018-03-30
DE102013216134A1 (de) 2015-02-19

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