EP3031996A1 - Device for covering a roof or siding and method for implementing said device - Google Patents

Device for covering a roof or siding and method for implementing said device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3031996A1
EP3031996A1 EP15199234.4A EP15199234A EP3031996A1 EP 3031996 A1 EP3031996 A1 EP 3031996A1 EP 15199234 A EP15199234 A EP 15199234A EP 3031996 A1 EP3031996 A1 EP 3031996A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
roof
wedge
covering
rail
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15199234.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3031996B1 (en
Inventor
Alain ARESSY
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Cover Innov
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Cover Innov
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3031996A1 publication Critical patent/EP3031996A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3031996B1 publication Critical patent/EP3031996B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D3/00—Roof covering by making use of flat or curved slabs or stiff sheets
    • E04D3/36—Connecting; Fastening
    • E04D3/3608—Connecting; Fastening for double roof covering or overroofing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
    • E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
    • E04D13/1681—Insulating of pre-existing roofs with or without ventilating arrangements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02—Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • E04G23/0281—Repairing or restoring roofing or roof covering
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/32—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings
    • E04G21/3204—Safety or protective measures for persons during the construction of buildings against falling down
    • E04G21/3214—Means for working on roofs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for covering a roof or a cladding and a method for implementing this device.
  • Such a device is intended to take place on an already existing roof covered with corrugated plates or corrugated fiber cement for example, sandwich panels or sheet metal.
  • Asbestos is a fibrous material that has been widely used in many areas and more particularly in the field of building for its qualities in terms of thermal insulation, phonic and especially fireproof. Thus, it is not uncommon to find asbestos fibers in fiber cement plates made before 1997.
  • Asbestos fiber is made of very fine and very volatile filaments that can be deposited in the lungs and cause sometimes very serious diseases. It is for these reasons that the legislation concerning the modification or / and destruction of roofs with plates of this type is very restrictive.
  • WO 01/02665 A1 proposes a device for attaching and attaching an insulation and / or protection cover on the top of a roof constituted by the juxtaposition of corrugated sheets, in particular made of fiber-cement or a similar material, without piercing these plates.
  • the proposed device consists of a plurality of support plates adapted to be arranged on the lateral side of at least one corrugated plate between at least two successive waves thereof, each support plate comprising at least two parallel slots interlocking in which is engaged the edge of the plate edge, connecting means being provided between the plate and the cover.
  • a reported metal frame is created on the corrugated plates which allows to improve the rigidity. With such a solution, it is necessary to move over the entire surface of the roof to cover in order to initially create the reported frame which generates a significant risk of falling workers.
  • the present invention therefore aims to provide a versatile device for covering a roof and securing for stakeholders on the cover and under the cover.
  • This device will preferably be economical, lightweight and easy to implement.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for covering a roof or a cladding whose installation is easy.
  • the proposed device will of course preferably comply with the standards in force.
  • this device is such that the sheet is positioned between shims and at least one rail, and that the rail is fixed on the shims through the sheet by fasteners.
  • the present invention provides in its constructive principle to reduce the lifting forces related to the wind (depression) directly to the existing fixings of the roof to renovate and resume the efforts of operating costs and snow-wind loads by the sheet metal on - Cover transmitted through the existing plate on the supporting structure.
  • each shim has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section. At least one of these wedges allows the expansion of the sheets that are available on the existing roof. Two types of wedges are thus provided: a first type of wedge to allow the expansion of the sheets and another type of wedge making it possible to create a fixed point for positioning the sheets and not having a "floating" cover.
  • this type of shim has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section; a face of this wedge has a longitudinal slot opening into a transverse edge, and that the opposite face of this wedge has an access port.
  • such a wedge allowing an expansion is such that the longitudinal slot is through, the edges of this slot are inclined towards the inside of the first wedge, and a plate provided with an oblong hole. opening into an edge of the wafer is disposed in abutment on the inclined edges inside the shim, the oblong hole being oriented transversely relative to the longitudinal slot.
  • a device for covering a roof or a cladding a shim to make a fixed point may have a tubular shaped profile of rectangular section; one side of this wedge may have an oblong hole opening into a longitudinal edge at a light made in a sidewall of the second wedge, and a light may be made in the face opposite to that receiving the oblong hole to allow access at this oblong hole.
  • said wedge comprises, on the one hand, a tubular section C and, on the other hand, a lock.
  • the tubular section C advantageously has a back, two side flanks extending from the back and each carrying a folded flange towards the opposite flange.
  • Each side flank may have a cut-out on the side of the corresponding rim, the two cutouts facing each other, the back may then have a light at the cutouts, and the latch is advantageously shaped to extend transversely through the cuts and presents a oblong hole arranged such that said oblong hole is disposed transversely in the tubular section C when the latch is disposed within the two cutouts.
  • the lock has at each of its ends protruding from the cuts a fold substantially at right angles.
  • the rail may have a so-called “omega” profile, which allows to resume wind-induced vacuum forces and thus ensure a perfect hold of the preformed plates on the roof.
  • the head of the so-called "omega" rail has a flat-shaped head, said head then being able to receive a life-line trolley serving to secure the workers during the installation.
  • a life-line trolley serving to secure the workers during the installation.
  • the preformed sheet is preferably of a shape adapted to rest on wave recesses of the corrugated plates, which makes it possible, thanks to a sufficient mechanical strength of said preformed sheet, to bear between failures of the supporting structure.
  • each shim is advantageously marked on the sheet.
  • a step for disposing an insulator between the corrugated plates and the sheets may be provided.
  • an insulator between the corrugated plates and the sheets.
  • it can be for example pre-glued under the sheet.
  • the roof 4 of the building has a supporting structure composed of purlins 9 supported by a frame 10.
  • the corrugated plates 8 are fixed to the support structure by means of screws (not visible in the drawing) which are for example self-tapping screws or lag screws. They allow thanks to a suitable shape and using a sealing washer positioned under the head of the screw to maintain the corrugated plate 8 on the supporting structure while ensuring its tightness.
  • repair device 6 can adapt to any type of corrugated plate fastening 8 on an existing structure.
  • corrugated sheets 8 in fiber-cement subjected to bad weather causes an increase in the porosity of the material and cracks, which sometimes causes the appearance of water leaks requiring intervention.
  • the corrugated plates 8 are composed of fiber cement Asbestos-based then the dismantling of such a roof 4 generates significant costs because of binding standards and often requires a temporary stop farms to avoid subjecting people to potential risks.
  • FIG. figure 1 In order to carry out the repair of this type of roof 4 without having to remove the corrugated plates 8, it is proposed to use the roofing device 6 illustrated on FIG. figure 1 .
  • This device comprises at least one preformed plate 12, at least one first shim 14, at least one rail 16 and fastening devices 18.
  • figure 1 presents an exploded view of these various elements to be placed on the roof already existing.
  • first shims 14 and second shims 34 are used to reduce wind-related lifting forces (depression) directly to the existing fastenings of the roof 4 to renovate.
  • Each first shim 14 has a shape adapted to allow the passage of a screw for fixing the corrugated plate 8 existing on the supporting structure.
  • Two embodiments for a first shim 14 are proposed here, as shown in FIG. figure 2 and on Figures 4a to 4c .
  • the first shim 14 is made from a profiled tubular piece of rectangular section, preferably galvanized steel, for example with a metal thickness of about 1.5 mm. She presents ( figure 2 ) a lower face 20, a right lateral face 22, an upper face 24 and a left lateral face 26.
  • the lower face 20 has a longitudinal slot-shaped lumen 28 opening at one end 30 of the lower face 20 of the first wedge 14 and extending over more than half the length of the first wedge 14 without however leading to the end opposite end 30.
  • This slot 28 is in the middle position on this lower face 20.
  • the slot 28 has a width sufficient to allow the passage of a screw body of a fixing screw of a corrugated plate to allow a positioning of the first shim 14 on a corrugated plate 8 but this width is smaller than the diameter of the head of this screw.
  • the upper face 24 of the first shim 14 presents a circular light 32 placed in the center of the upper face 24.
  • the diameter of the light 32 has a diameter sufficient to allow the passage of a tip of a clamping tool to access the screw head introduced into the slot 28.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c show another embodiment to achieve a first wedge 14.
  • this first wedge consists of a section 14a and a wafer 14b.
  • the profile 14a is a C-profile.
  • the back of this section corresponds here to the upper face 24 and has like this a light 32 at its center.
  • a slot 28a extends over the entire length of the profile 14a, from one end to the other of this profile, and forms a light intended here also to receive a body of a screw
  • the width of the slot 28a may be greater than the diameter of the screw heads for fixing the corrugated plates.
  • a flange 20a On each side of this slot 28a. The latter is not parallel to the back of the section 14a (which is substantially flat) but slightly inclined towards the inside of the profile 14a.
  • the figure 4b which is a cross-sectional view of the section 14a illustrates this slight inward fold of the flanges 20a.
  • the length of the profile 14a, as well as the first shim 14, may be between 100 and 150 mm, for a width of between 20 and 40 mm and a height between 10 and 25 mm.
  • the wafer 14b is in the form of a rectangular wedge with an oblong hole 14c starting from the center of the wafer 14b and opening into an edge (long edge) thereof.
  • the width of this oblong hole 14c allows the passage of a screw body for fixing a corrugated plate 8 but remains smaller than the diameter of a head of such a screw.
  • the dimensions of the wafer 14b are such that it can be introduced into the profile 14a only so that the oblong hole 14c extends transversely relative to said profile.
  • the length L corresponding to a long edge of the wafer 14b will be greater than the inner width of the profile 14a while the width l corresponding to a short edge of the wafer 14b will be less (or at most equal) to the inner width of the profile 14a.
  • the wafer 14b takes place in the section 14a.
  • the wafer 14b is slid on the body of a fixing screw of a corrugated plate and the wafer 14b slides in the profile 14a, on the flanges 20a until the screw is facing the light 32.
  • a second shim 34 is then used in particular near a ridge of the roof 4.
  • the figures 3 and 5 present two possible embodiments of this second shim 34.
  • the second shim 34 has a shape generally similar to the first shim 14 and is also preferably made of galvanized steel. To avoid drilling the corrugated plates 8, the second shim 34 is shaped to allow the passage of a screw for holding the corrugated plate 8 on its support structure.
  • the second shim 34 has an upper face 36, a right lateral face 38, a lower face 40 and a left lateral face 42.
  • the right side face 38 of the second shim 34 has a light 46 preferably of rectangular shape and positioned at its center.
  • the light 46 has dimensions adapted to allow the passage of a screw head used for fixing the corrugated plates 8.
  • the lower face 40 has an oblong hole-shaped lumen 48 arranged transversely in the median position in the lower face 40. This oblong hole extends substantially from the center of the lower face 40 and comes out into the lumen 46.
  • the oblong hole 48 has a greater than the width of the body of a screw used for a corrugated plate fastening 8 and less than the width of the head of such a screw, thus making it possible to hold the second wedge 34 on the corrugated plate 8 when the screw is screwed again .
  • the upper face 36 of the second wedge 34 has a circular shape 44 placed in the center of the upper face 36.
  • the diameter of the light 44 is sufficient to allow the passage of a clamping tip (not shown in the figures) and thus access a screw positioned in the oblong hole 48, substantially at the end of this oblong hole 48, that is to say substantially in the center of the second hold 34.
  • the second shim is also made in two pieces, a section 34a and a latch 34b.
  • the profile 34a is also here a C-profile.
  • the back of this profile corresponds here to the upper face 36 and has like this a light 44 at its center.
  • a slot 28a extends over the entire length of the profile 34a, from one end to the other of this profile, and forms a light intended here also to receive a body of a screw for fixing a corrugated plate 8.
  • a flange 40a On each side of this slot 28a is a flange 40a. The latter is not parallel to the back of the section 34a (which is substantially flat) but slightly inclined towards the inside of the profile 34a.
  • the figure 4b which is a cross-sectional view of the profile 14a also corresponds to the section 34a and illustrates this slight inward fold of the flanges 40a.
  • the profile 34a is preferably identical to the profile 14a with the only difference being the presence of two cutouts 52 at the center of the side edges of the C-profile, just above the flanges 40a. These cutouts 52 in the form of an elongated slot are thus at the level of the light 44.
  • the latch 34b is in the form of a rectangular wafer with two opposite edges having a 90 ° fold, the two folds being oriented on the same side of the wafer.
  • the latch 34b thus has the shape of a small bridge which is intended to straddle the two flanges 40a and the slot 28a of the section 34a passing through the cutouts 52.
  • the latch 34b further has an oblong hole 48b.
  • plates 12 having a metal thickness of the order of 1 mm for example.
  • They are for example steel, aluminum, or in another type of metal. This is for example sheet known as the "steel tray”.
  • the roof 4 to be rehabilitated is a so-called roof "hot roof”.
  • Thermal insulation 50 ( figure 1 ) is interposed between the corrugated plate 8 and the preformed plate 12.
  • the thermal insulation 50 may be for example of polystyrene material, rock wool, glass wool or other insulator.
  • the insulation 50 may also be of compressed materials.
  • the thermal insulation 50 used has for example a thickness of about 3 to 10 cm.
  • the thermal insulation 50 is preformed in order to best fit the shape of the corrugated plates 8 on one side and the shape of the preformed plates 12 on the other side.
  • Each rail 16 is a profile having for example a shape called "omega”.
  • the figure 6 shows a partial enlarged view of said rail 16 disposed on a preformed plate 12 in a first embodiment.
  • the rail 16 has a first side and a second side allowing the use of fasteners 18 to fix and hold the rail 16 on the roof 4.
  • the various steps to install and fix the rail 16 on the preformed plates 12 will be presented later in the description.
  • the height of the rail 16 may for example be between 20 and 40 mm.
  • the rail 16 is light alloy, for example an aluminum-based alloy (but it could also be galvanized steel as shims) and has a length of 3 to 6 m.
  • the type of material used and the profile of the rail 16 are given by way of non-limiting example.
  • the rail 16 has two shoulders 17 at the head adapted to receive a carriage 19 of lifeline.
  • the two shoulders 17 are housed in the carriage 19 so that it can slide on the rail 16.
  • the carriage 19 has for example two rollers arranged at the front and rear. rear of the carriage 19 as illustrated on the figure 7 .
  • the carriage 19 has a half-ring adapted to receive a fastener such as a carabiner so that the speakers are connected to the carriage 19 using for example a rope.
  • the rail 16 then forms a lifeline.
  • Such rails can also be used to receive a self-supporting railing (not shown). When two parallel rails are mounted, such railing can hang on both rails. It thus provides protection for the persons carrying out the covering of the roof and who walk on the preformed plates 12 (or sheets) already laid.
  • the fasteners 18 are adapted to fix the rails 16 on the first wedges 14 and the second wedges 34 by passing through the preformed plates 12.
  • the fixing devices 18 are self-tapping screws. .
  • the screws are loose enough but not completely so they can enter the first holds 14 ( figure 2 or figure 4 or other embodiment) and second shims 34 ( figure 3 or figure 5 or other embodiment).
  • the corrugated plates 8 are always maintained even during the laying of the holds, which improves the safety of the site.
  • the first shim 14 is positioned so that its underside 20 (or flanges 20a) is facing the corrugated plate 8 and the screw head is facing the light 32.
  • the first shim 14 is positioned so that the slot 28 or 28a is parallel to a wave of the corrugated plate 8.
  • the first shim 14 is substantially free with respect to the body of the screw which allows the first shim 14 to perform a slight translational movement. This advantageous form thus allows the preformed plates 12 to expand during significant variations in temperatures.
  • each first shim 14 is used as many first shims 14 as unscrewed screws corresponding to the surface of the preformed plate 12 to be installed.
  • the method of positioning each first shim 14 is identical to that presented in the previous step.
  • This second shim 34 does not allow longitudinal translation movements of the preformed plates 12, they are used for screws positioned near the roofing of the roof 4 , to create a fixed point on the preformed plate 12.
  • the second wedges 34 are positioned on the screws near the factoring of the roof 4 so that their oblong holes 48, 48b face the corrugated plates 8 and is positioned perpendicularly to the waves of the corrugated plates 8.
  • the use of these seconds shims 34 near the scaffolding allows to create fixed points and to avoid the risk of shearing of fixings of the factoring during a variation of temperature.
  • the lumen 44 is positioned so that the head of the screw is positioned in the center of the lumen 44. This step will be repeated as many times as necessary to fix the second wedges 34 at the level of the factoring.
  • an insulation 50 is placed (hot roof).
  • the insulation 50 may be placed on the corrugated plates 8 without any gluing device or it may comprise a gluing device such as a synthetic polymer glue for temporarily securing the preformed plates 12.
  • the glue for the insulation has a temporary role because once in place the insulation 50 is blocked between the existing roof 4 and the preformed plates 12.
  • the preformed plate 12 is then placed on the insulator 50 and rests on the first shims 14.
  • the standards as regards the laying of the preformed plates 12, that is to say the overlap distance between two preformed plates 12, known of the man of the art, will of course be respected.
  • a first rail 16 is then placed on the preformed plate 12 at the right of the first shims 14 perpendicularly to the waves of the corrugated plates 8.
  • a marking of the positioning of the first shims 14 can be realized. on the preformed plate 12 using for example a wire to trace before the positioning of the rail 16 on the preformed plate 12.
  • the number of rails 16 to be positioned on the preformed plate 12 is adapted as a function of the area of the and efforts estimated due to the wind.
  • the fasteners 18 are used.
  • Preferably two fastening devices 18 are used at each first shim 14.
  • the fastening devices 18 are positioned at the level of the first shim 14 on a flat portion of the rail 16 which is in contact with an upper portion of the preformed plate 12.
  • the fastening devices 18 are screwed so that the rail 16 is in contact with the preformed plate 12 and firmly fixed to the carrier structure via the first shims 14 and / or the second shims 34.
  • the preformed plates 12 are arranged starting from the gutter towards the screed.
  • An attached framework is created by the rails which allows on the one hand to increase the rigidity of the roof and on the other hand to have lines of life during and after the work, for the workers, securing even more the building site and accessibility for future maintenance.
  • the repair device described above can be used on roofs based on corrugated sheets but also on roofs based on preformed sheets. This repair device can, in particular, be used in roofing and cladding on any type of building.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage comportant au moins une tôle (12) destinée à être posée sur la toiture (4) déjà existante, au moins un rail (16), la tôle (12) étant positionnée entre des cales (14) ou (34) et au moins un rail (16), et le rail (16) étant fixé sur les cales (14) ou (34) à travers la tôle (12) par des dispositifs de fixation (18).Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding comprising at least one sheet (12) intended to be placed on the roof (4) already existing, at least one rail (16), the sheet metal (12) being positioned between shims (14) or (34) and at least one rail (16), and the rail (16) being fixed on the shims (14) or (34) through the sheet (12) by fasteners (18).

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage et un procédé pour la mise en oeuvre de ce dispositif.The present invention relates to a device for covering a roof or a cladding and a method for implementing this device.

Un tel dispositif est destiné à venir prendre place sur une toiture déjà existante recouverte de plaques nervurées ou ondulées par exemple en fibres-ciment, panneaux sandwich ou encore en tôles métalliques.Such a device is intended to take place on an already existing roof covered with corrugated plates or corrugated fiber cement for example, sandwich panels or sheet metal.

L'amiante est un matériau fibreux qui a été très utilisé dans de nombreux domaines et plus particulièrement dans le domaine du bâtiment pour ses qualités en matière d'isolation thermique, phonique et surtout ignifuge. Ainsi, il n'est pas rare de trouver des fibres d'amiante dans les plaques en fibres-ciment fabriquées avant 1997.Asbestos is a fibrous material that has been widely used in many areas and more particularly in the field of building for its qualities in terms of thermal insulation, phonic and especially fireproof. Thus, it is not uncommon to find asbestos fibers in fiber cement plates made before 1997.

La fibre d'amiante est constituée de filaments très fins et très volatiles qui peuvent se déposer dans les poumons et provoquer des maladies parfois très graves. C'est pour ces raisons que la législation concernant la modification ou/et la destruction de toitures comportant des plaques de ce type est très contraignante.Asbestos fiber is made of very fine and very volatile filaments that can be deposited in the lungs and cause sometimes very serious diseases. It is for these reasons that the legislation concerning the modification or / and destruction of roofs with plates of this type is very restrictive.

Il existe sur le marché trois grandes familles de procédés :

  • Famille 1 : concerne la pose d'une ossature et d'une surtoiture sur des plaques de fibrociment avec percement de l'amiante ciment pour des fixations ou sans percement,
  • Famille 2 : concerne la pose d'isolant préformé à une onde de la couverture avec soit percement de l'amiante ciment pour des fixations soit par collage,
  • Famille 3 : concerne la pose d'une étanchéité bitumineuse ou PVC sur l'ossature posée sur le fibrociment.
There are three main families of processes on the market:
  • Family 1: relates to the installation of a framework and an overlay on plates of fiber cement with piercing of asbestos cement for fastenings or without piercing,
  • Family 2: relates to the installation of preformed insulation to a wave of the cover with either drilling cement asbestos for fastenings or by gluing,
  • Family 3: relates to the installation of a bituminous waterproofing or PVC on the framework posed on the fiber cement.

Tous ces systèmes présentent une réponse imparfaite ou incomplète et économiquement onéreuse sur les points suivants :

  • percer dans de l'amiante ciment est soumis à une réglementation très contraignante et complexe demandant une mise en oeuvre lourde,
  • la circulation sur les couvertures en amiante ciment durant les procédés de réfection demande une mise en sécurité des intervenants sur la toiture et une protection sous ladite toiture,
  • pour les systèmes de collage, la préparation du support fibrociment nécessite un nettoyage à l'aide d'un jet haute-pression, ce qui disperse la fibre amiante dans l'air et dans l'eau. Ce type de nettoyage est incompatible avec la réglementation actuelle. De plus, le collage de l'isolant est soumis aux aléas climatiques et à la tenue physique de la plaque, qui risque de casser avec le poids des intervenants.
All of these systems have an imperfect or incomplete and economically expensive response to the following:
  • piercing in asbestos cement is subject to a very restrictive and complex regulation requiring a heavy implementation,
  • traffic on asbestos cement roofing during the renovation process requires safety of the workers on the roof and protection under said roof,
  • for bonding systems, the preparation of the fiber cement substrate requires cleaning with a high-pressure jet, which disperses the asbestos fiber in the air and in the water. This type of cleaning is incompatible with current regulations. In addition, the bonding of the insulation is subject to weather and the physical strength of the plate, which may break with the weight of the speakers.

Ainsi, la plupart des systèmes ont au moins un inconvénient majeur, le poids et/ou la tenue au feu et/ou une mauvaise tenue dans le temps.Thus, most systems have at least one major disadvantage, weight and / or fire resistance and / or poor durability.

La demande internationale WO 01/02665 A1 propose un dispositif pour la fixation et l'accrochage d'une couverture d'isolation et/ou de protection sur le dessus d'une toiture, constituée par la juxtaposition de plaques ondulées, notamment en fibres-ciment ou en un matériau similaire, sans perçage de ces plaques. Le dispositif proposé est constitué d'une pluralité de platines de support, propres à être disposées sur la rive latérale d'au moins une plaque ondulée entre au moins deux ondes successives de celle-ci, chaque platine de support comportant au moins deux fentes parallèles d'emboîtement dans lesquelles est engagée la tranche de la rive de la plaque, des moyens de liaison étant prévus entre la platine et la couverture. Ainsi, une ossature métallique rapportée est créée sur les plaques ondulées ce qui permet d'en améliorer la rigidité. Avec une telle solution, il est nécessaire de se déplacer sur toute la surface de la toiture à couvrir afin de créer dans un premier temps l'ossature rapportée ce qui engendre un risque non négligeable de chutes des ouvriers.International demand WO 01/02665 A1 proposes a device for attaching and attaching an insulation and / or protection cover on the top of a roof constituted by the juxtaposition of corrugated sheets, in particular made of fiber-cement or a similar material, without piercing these plates. The proposed device consists of a plurality of support plates adapted to be arranged on the lateral side of at least one corrugated plate between at least two successive waves thereof, each support plate comprising at least two parallel slots interlocking in which is engaged the edge of the plate edge, connecting means being provided between the plate and the cover. Thus, a reported metal frame is created on the corrugated plates which allows to improve the rigidity. With such a solution, it is necessary to move over the entire surface of the roof to cover in order to initially create the reported frame which generates a significant risk of falling workers.

La présente invention a alors pour but de fournir un dispositif polyvalent pour le recouvrement d'une toiture et sécurisant pour les intervenants sur la couverture et sous la couverture. Ce dispositif sera de préférence économique, léger et facile à mettre en oeuvre.The present invention therefore aims to provide a versatile device for covering a roof and securing for stakeholders on the cover and under the cover. This device will preferably be economical, lightweight and easy to implement.

La présente invention a pour autre but de fournir un dispositif pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage dont la pose est aisée.Another object of the present invention is to provide a device for covering a roof or a cladding whose installation is easy.

Le dispositif proposé sera bien entendu de préférence conforme aux normes en vigueur.The proposed device will of course preferably comply with the standards in force.

À cet effet, la présente invention propose un dispositif pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage comportant :

  • au moins une tôle destinée à être posée sur la toiture déjà existante,
  • au moins un rail, et
  • au moins deux cales.
To this end, the present invention provides a device for covering a roof or cladding comprising:
  • at least one sheet to be placed on the already existing roof,
  • at least one rail, and
  • at least two shims.

Selon la présente invention, ce dispositif est tel que la tôle est positionnée entre des cales et au moins un rail, et que le rail est fixé sur les cales à travers la tôlee par des dispositifs de fixation.According to the present invention, this device is such that the sheet is positioned between shims and at least one rail, and that the rail is fixed on the shims through the sheet by fasteners.

Avec un tel dispositif, des tôles sont posées quasi directement sur la toiture existante, juste avec interposition de cales, et elles sont maintenues par des rails venant par-dessus les tôles. Les tôles doivent donc être posées quasiment en premier, permettant de sécuriser la toiture existante. Les déplacements des ouvriers sur la toiture lors de sa pose se font sur les tôles en sécurité.With such a device, plates are placed almost directly on the existing roof, just with the interposition of wedges, and they are held by rails coming over the sheets. The sheets must therefore be laid almost on the first floor, making it possible to secure the existing roof. The workers' movements on the roof during its installation are done on the sheets in safety.

La présente invention prévoit dans son principe constructif de ramener les efforts de soulèvement liés au vent (dépression) directement aux fixations existantes de la toiture à rénover et de reprendre les efforts de charges d'exploitation et de charges neige-vent par la tôle de sur-couverture transmis à travers la plaque existante sur la structure porteuse.The present invention provides in its constructive principle to reduce the lifting forces related to the wind (depression) directly to the existing fixings of the roof to renovate and resume the efforts of operating costs and snow-wind loads by the sheet metal on - Cover transmitted through the existing plate on the supporting structure.

Dans un exemple de réalisation, chaque cale présente une forme tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire. Au moins l'une de ces cales permet la dilatation des tôles que l'on vient disposer sur la toiture existante. On prévoit ainsi deux types de cales : un premier type de cales pour autoriser la dilatation des tôles et un autre type de cale permettant de créer un point fixe pour positionner les tôles et ne pas avoir une couverture "flottante".In an exemplary embodiment, each shim has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section. At least one of these wedges allows the expansion of the sheets that are available on the existing roof. Two types of wedges are thus provided: a first type of wedge to allow the expansion of the sheets and another type of wedge making it possible to create a fixed point for positioning the sheets and not having a "floating" cover.

Pour les cales permettant la dilatation des tôles, on peut prévoir que ce type de cale présente une forme tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire ; qu'une face de cette cale présente une fente longitudinale débouchant dans un bord transversal, et que la face opposée de cette cale présente une lumière d'accès. Dans une autre forme de réalisation, une telle cale autorisant une dilation est telle que la fente longitudinale est traversante, que les bords de cette fente sont inclinés vers l'intérieur de la première cale, et qu'une plaquette munie d'un trou oblong débouchant dans un bord de la plaquette est disposée en appui sur les bords inclinés à l'intérieur de la cale, le trou oblong étant orienté transversalement par rapport à la fente longitudinale.For shims allowing the expansion of the sheets, it can be provided that this type of shim has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section; a face of this wedge has a longitudinal slot opening into a transverse edge, and that the opposite face of this wedge has an access port. In another embodiment, such a wedge allowing an expansion is such that the longitudinal slot is through, the edges of this slot are inclined towards the inside of the first wedge, and a plate provided with an oblong hole. opening into an edge of the wafer is disposed in abutment on the inclined edges inside the shim, the oblong hole being oriented transversely relative to the longitudinal slot.

Dans un tel dispositif pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage une cale pour réaliser un point fixe peut présenter une forme tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire ; une face de cette cale peut présenter un trou oblong débouchant dans un bord longitudinal au niveau d'une lumière réalisée dans un flanc de la seconde cale, et une lumière peut être réalisée dans la face opposée à celle recevant le trou oblong pour permettre un accès à ce trou oblong. Dans une autre forme de réalisation pour cette cale, ladite cale comporte, d'une part, un profilé tubulaire en C et, d'autre part, un verrou. Le profilé tubulaire en C présente avantageusement un dos, deux flancs latéraux s'étendant à partir du dos et portant chacun un rebord replié en direction du rebord opposé. Chaque flanc latéral peut présenter une découpe du côté du rebord correspondant, les deux découpes se faisant face, le dos peut alors présenter une lumière au niveau des découpes, et le verrou est avantageusement conformé pour s'étendre transversalement à travers les découpes et présente un trou oblong disposé de telle sorte que ledit trou oblong soit disposé transversalement dans le profilé tubulaire en C lorsque le verrou est disposé à l'intérieur des deux découpes. De préférence, le verrou présente à chacune de ses extrémités dépassant des découpes un repli sensiblement à angle droit.In such a device for covering a roof or a cladding a shim to make a fixed point may have a tubular shaped profile of rectangular section; one side of this wedge may have an oblong hole opening into a longitudinal edge at a light made in a sidewall of the second wedge, and a light may be made in the face opposite to that receiving the oblong hole to allow access at this oblong hole. In another embodiment for this wedge, said wedge comprises, on the one hand, a tubular section C and, on the other hand, a lock. The tubular section C advantageously has a back, two side flanks extending from the back and each carrying a folded flange towards the opposite flange. Each side flank may have a cut-out on the side of the corresponding rim, the two cutouts facing each other, the back may then have a light at the cutouts, and the latch is advantageously shaped to extend transversely through the cuts and presents a oblong hole arranged such that said oblong hole is disposed transversely in the tubular section C when the latch is disposed within the two cutouts. Preferably, the lock has at each of its ends protruding from the cuts a fold substantially at right angles.

Pour maintenir la plaque préformée de manière fiable et solide, le rail peut présenter un profil dit en « oméga », ce qui permet de reprendre des efforts de dépression liés au vent et assurer ainsi une parfaite tenue des plaques préformées sur la toiture.To maintain the preformed plate reliably and solidly, the rail may have a so-called "omega" profile, which allows to resume wind-induced vacuum forces and thus ensure a perfect hold of the preformed plates on the roof.

Avantageusement, il peut être mis en oeuvre sur le rail un garde-corps en périphérie de la toiture.Advantageously, it can be implemented on the rail a railing on the periphery of the roof.

Avantageusement, la tête du rail dit en « oméga » présente une tête de forme aplatie, ladite tête pouvant alors recevoir un chariot de ligne de vie servant pour la mise en sécurité des intervenants durant la pose. Ainsi, les ouvriers peuvent accrocher un harnais de sécurité à ce chariot de ligne de vie.Advantageously, the head of the so-called "omega" rail has a flat-shaped head, said head then being able to receive a life-line trolley serving to secure the workers during the installation. Thus, workers can hook a safety harness to this lifeline cart.

La tôle préformée est de préférence de forme adaptée pour s'appuyer sur des creux d'ondes des plaques ondulées ce qui permet, grâce à une résistance mécanique suffisante de ladite tôle préformée, de porter entre des pannes de la structure porteuse.The preformed sheet is preferably of a shape adapted to rest on wave recesses of the corrugated plates, which makes it possible, thanks to a sufficient mechanical strength of said preformed sheet, to bear between failures of the supporting structure.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage présentant des plaques ondulées fixées sur une structure porteuse à l'aide de vis comportant chacune un corps et une tête, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :

  • desserrer partiellement les vis fixant les plaques ondulées de la toiture sur la structure porteuse,
  • placer au niveau de chaque vis desserrée une cale tubulaire de sorte que la tête de la vis soit positionnée à l'intérieur de la cale et accessible par une lumière de chaque cale,
  • serrer chaque vis,
  • placer la tôle sur les cales de sorte à couvrir la plaque ondulée,
  • positionner au moins un rail sur la tôle de sorte qu'il soit au droit des cales,
  • fixer le rail sur les cales à l'aide de dispositifs de fixation, et
  • renouveler les étapes du procédé afin de recouvrir la totalité de la toiture.
The present invention also relates to a method for covering a roof or cladding having corrugated plates fixed to a supporting structure by means of screws each comprising a body and a head, said method comprising the following steps:
  • partially loosen the screws fixing the corrugated sheets of the roof on the supporting structure,
  • place at each loosened screw a tubular shim so that the head of the screw is positioned inside the hold and accessible by a light of each shim,
  • tighten each screw,
  • place the sheet on the wedges so as to cover the corrugated plate,
  • position at least one rail on the sheet so that it is at the right of the holds,
  • fasten the rail to the holds with fasteners, and
  • repeat the process steps to cover the entire roof.

Ainsi, les ouvriers peuvent se déplacer sur les tôles en cours de pose en toute sécurité.Thus, the workers can move on the sheets being laid safely.

Dans un souci d'optimisation du rendement de pose du dispositif, le positionnement de chaque cale est avantageusement repéré sur la tôle.In order to optimize the laying performance of the device, the positioning of each shim is advantageously marked on the sheet.

Avantageusement, il peut être prévu une étape pour disposer un isolant entre les plaques ondulées et les tôles. Pour améliorer la pose de l'isolant, celui-ci peut être par exemple pré-collé sous la tôle.Advantageously, it may be provided a step for disposing an insulator between the corrugated plates and the sheets. To improve the installation of the insulation, it can be for example pre-glued under the sheet.

Enfin, la présence d'au moins deux rails disposés parallèlement l'un à côté de l'autre peut être mise à profit pour réaliser une étape de montage d'un garde-corps autoportant.Finally, the presence of at least two rails arranged parallel to one another can be used to achieve a step of mounting a self-supporting railing.

Des détails et avantages de la présente invention apparaitront mieux de la description qui suit, faite en référence au dessin schématique annexé sur lequel :

  • La figure 1 est une vue éclatée d'un dispositif de recouvrement selon l'invention,
  • La figure 2 est une vue isométrique d'une première cale du dispositif de la figure 1,
  • La figure 3 est une vue isométrique d'une autre cale utilisée pour le recouvrement d'une toiture ou d'un bardage,
  • Les figures 4a à 4c illustrent un système équivalent à la première cale de la figure 2,
  • Les figures 5a à 5c illustrent un système équivalent à l'autre cale de la figure 3,
  • La figure 6 est une vue de détail à échelle agrandie montrant partiellement un rail illustré sur la figure 1, et
  • La figure 7 est une vue de détail à échelle agrandie montrant partiellement un autre exemple de réalisation d'un rail.
  • La figure 1 illustre schématiquement un bâtiment 2 présentant une toiture 4 ainsi qu'un dispositif de réfection 6. La toiture 4 est recouverte de plaques ondulées 8 par exemple en fibres-ciment.
Details and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the description which follows, given with reference to the appended schematic drawing in which:
  • The figure 1 is an exploded view of a covering device according to the invention,
  • The figure 2 is an isometric view of a first wedge of the device of the figure 1 ,
  • The figure 3 is an isometric view of another wedge used for the covering a roof or cladding,
  • The Figures 4a to 4c illustrate a system equivalent to the first hold of the figure 2 ,
  • The Figures 5a to 5c illustrate a system equivalent to the other hold of the figure 3 ,
  • The figure 6 is an enlarged detail view partially showing a rail shown on the figure 1 , and
  • The figure 7 is an enlarged detail view showing partially another embodiment of a rail.
  • The figure 1 schematically illustrates a building 2 having a roof 4 and a repair device 6. The roof 4 is covered with corrugated plates 8 for example fiber cement.

La structure d'une toiture 4 étant bien connue de l'homme de l'art, elle ne sera présentée que succinctement dans la description. De manière générale, comme représenté sur la figure 1, la toiture 4 du bâtiment présente une structure porteuse composée de pannes 9 supportées par une charpente 10.The structure of a roof 4 being well known to those skilled in the art, it will be presented only briefly in the description. Generally, as represented on the figure 1 , the roof 4 of the building has a supporting structure composed of purlins 9 supported by a frame 10.

Les plaques ondulées 8 sont fixées à la structure porteuse à l'aide de vis (non visibles sur le dessin) qui sont par exemple des vis auto-taraudeuses ou des tirefonds. Elles permettent grâce à une forme adaptée et à l'aide d'une rondelle d'étanchéité positionnée sous la tête de la vis de maintenir la plaque ondulée 8 sur la structure porteuse tout en assurant son étanchéité.The corrugated plates 8 are fixed to the support structure by means of screws (not visible in the drawing) which are for example self-tapping screws or lag screws. They allow thanks to a suitable shape and using a sealing washer positioned under the head of the screw to maintain the corrugated plate 8 on the supporting structure while ensuring its tightness.

Bien entendu, le dispositif de réfection 6 peut s'adapter à tout type de fixation de plaques ondulées 8 sur une structure existante.Of course, the repair device 6 can adapt to any type of corrugated plate fastening 8 on an existing structure.

Dans l'exemple représenté à la figure 1, les plaques ondulées 8 comprennent cinq ondes et demie et présentent une largeur totale de l'ordre de 885 mm (1 mm = 0,001 m). Ces caractéristiques sont données à titre d'exemple et ne sont nullement restrictives concernant d'autres exemples d'applications de l'invention.In the example shown in figure 1 the corrugated plates 8 comprise five and a half waves and have a total width of the order of 885 mm (1 mm = 0.001 m). These characteristics are given by way of example and are in no way restrictive concerning other examples of applications of the invention.

Le vieillissement des plaques ondulées 8 en fibres-ciment soumises aux intempéries provoque une augmentation de la porosité du matériau et des fissurations, ce qui engendre parfois l'apparition de fuites d'eau nécessitant une intervention. De plus, si les plaques ondulées 8 sont composées de fibres-ciment à base d'amiante alors le démantèlement d'une telle toiture 4 engendre des coûts importants du fait de normes contraignantes et nécessite souvent un arrêt provisoire des exploitations pour ne pas soumettre les personnes à de potentiels risques.The aging of corrugated sheets 8 in fiber-cement subjected to bad weather causes an increase in the porosity of the material and cracks, which sometimes causes the appearance of water leaks requiring intervention. In addition, if the corrugated plates 8 are composed of fiber cement Asbestos-based then the dismantling of such a roof 4 generates significant costs because of binding standards and often requires a temporary stop farms to avoid subjecting people to potential risks.

Afin de réaliser la réfection de ce type de toiture 4 sans avoir à ôter les plaques ondulées 8, il est proposé d'utiliser le dispositif de réfection 6 de toiture illustré sur la figure 1. Ce dispositif comprend au moins une plaque préformée 12, au moins une première cale 14, au moins un rail 16 et des dispositifs de fixation 18. La figure 1 présente une vue éclatée de ces différents éléments à disposer sur la toiture 4 déjà existante.In order to carry out the repair of this type of roof 4 without having to remove the corrugated plates 8, it is proposed to use the roofing device 6 illustrated on FIG. figure 1 . This device comprises at least one preformed plate 12, at least one first shim 14, at least one rail 16 and fastening devices 18. figure 1 presents an exploded view of these various elements to be placed on the roof already existing.

Pour éviter de percer les plaques ondulées 8 lors de l'installation du dispositif de réfection 6, on utilise des premières cales 14 et des secondes cales 34 pour ramener des efforts de soulèvement liés au vent (dépression) directement aux fixations existantes de la toiture 4 à rénover.To avoid drilling the corrugated plates 8 during the installation of the repair device 6, first shims 14 and second shims 34 are used to reduce wind-related lifting forces (depression) directly to the existing fastenings of the roof 4 to renovate.

Chaque première cale 14 présente une forme adaptée pour permettre le passage d'une vis servant à fixer la plaque ondulée 8 existante sur la structure porteuse. Deux formes de réalisation pour une première cale 14 sont proposées ici, comme représenté sur la figure 2 et sur les figures 4a à 4c.Each first shim 14 has a shape adapted to allow the passage of a screw for fixing the corrugated plate 8 existing on the supporting structure. Two embodiments for a first shim 14 are proposed here, as shown in FIG. figure 2 and on Figures 4a to 4c .

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 2, la première cale 14 est réalisée à partir d'une pièce tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire, préférentiellement en acier galvanisé, par exemple d'une épaisseur de métal de l'ordre de 1,5 mm. Elle présente (figure 2) une face inférieure 20, une face latérale droite 22, une face supérieure 24 et une face latérale gauche 26.In the embodiment of the figure 2 , the first shim 14 is made from a profiled tubular piece of rectangular section, preferably galvanized steel, for example with a metal thickness of about 1.5 mm. She presents ( figure 2 ) a lower face 20, a right lateral face 22, an upper face 24 and a left lateral face 26.

La face inférieure 20 présente une lumière en forme de fente 28 longitudinale débouchant à une extrémité 30 de la face inférieure 20 de la première cale 14 et s'étendant sur plus de la moitié de la longueur de la première cale 14 sans cependant déboucher à l'extrémité opposée à l'extrémité 30. Cette fente 28 est en position médiane sur cette face inférieure 20. La fente 28 présente une largeur suffisante pour permettre le passage d'un corps de vis d'une vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée pour permettre un positionnement de la première cale 14 sur une plaque ondulée 8 mais cette largeur est inférieure au diamètre de la tête de cette vis.The lower face 20 has a longitudinal slot-shaped lumen 28 opening at one end 30 of the lower face 20 of the first wedge 14 and extending over more than half the length of the first wedge 14 without however leading to the end opposite end 30. This slot 28 is in the middle position on this lower face 20. The slot 28 has a width sufficient to allow the passage of a screw body of a fixing screw of a corrugated plate to allow a positioning of the first shim 14 on a corrugated plate 8 but this width is smaller than the diameter of the head of this screw.

La face supérieure 24 de la première cale 14 (figure 2) présente une lumière 32 de forme circulaire placée au centre de la face supérieure 24. Le diamètre de la lumière 32 présente un diamètre suffisant pour permettre le passage d'un embout d'un outil de serrage pour accéder à la tête de vis introduite dans la fente 28. Le procédé d'installation de la première cale 14 sera présenté ultérieurement dans la description.The upper face 24 of the first shim 14 ( figure 2 ) presents a circular light 32 placed in the center of the upper face 24. The diameter of the light 32 has a diameter sufficient to allow the passage of a tip of a clamping tool to access the screw head introduced into the slot 28 The method of installing the first shim 14 will be presented later in the description.

Les figures 4a à 4c montrent une autre forme de réalisation pour réaliser une première cale 14. Ici, cette première cale est constituée d'un profilé 14a et d'une plaquette 14b.The Figures 4a to 4c show another embodiment to achieve a first wedge 14. Here, this first wedge consists of a section 14a and a wafer 14b.

Le profilé 14a est un profilé en C. Le dos de ce profilé correspond ici à la face supérieure 24 et comporte comme celle-ci une lumière 32 en son centre. Du côté opposé au dos du profilé 14a, une fente 28a s'étend sur toute la longueur du profilé 14a, d'une extrémité à l'autre de ce profilé, et forme une lumière destinée ici aussi à recevoir un corps d'une vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée 8. Toutefois ici, par rapport à la fente 28 de la première cale 14, la largeur de la fente 28a peut être supérieure au diamètre des têtes de vis de fixation des plaques ondulées. De chaque côté de cette fente 28a, se trouve un rebord 20a. Ce dernier est non pas parallèle au dos du profilé 14a (qui est sensiblement plan) mais légèrement incliné vers l'intérieur du profilé 14a. La figure 4b qui est une vue en section transversale du profilé 14a illustre ce léger repli vers l'intérieur des rebords 20a. À titre purement illustratif et non limitatif, la longueur du profilé 14a, de même que de la première cale 14, peut être comprise entre 100 et 150 mm, pour une largeur comprise entre 20 et 40 mm et une hauteur entre 10 et 25 mm.The profile 14a is a C-profile. The back of this section corresponds here to the upper face 24 and has like this a light 32 at its center. On the opposite side to the back of the profile 14a, a slot 28a extends over the entire length of the profile 14a, from one end to the other of this profile, and forms a light intended here also to receive a body of a screw However, here, with respect to the slot 28 of the first shim 14, the width of the slot 28a may be greater than the diameter of the screw heads for fixing the corrugated plates. On each side of this slot 28a is a flange 20a. The latter is not parallel to the back of the section 14a (which is substantially flat) but slightly inclined towards the inside of the profile 14a. The figure 4b which is a cross-sectional view of the section 14a illustrates this slight inward fold of the flanges 20a. As a purely illustrative and non-limiting example, the length of the profile 14a, as well as the first shim 14, may be between 100 and 150 mm, for a width of between 20 and 40 mm and a height between 10 and 25 mm.

La plaquette 14b se présente sous la forme d'une cale rectangulaire avec un trou oblong 14c partant du centre de la plaquette 14b et débouchant dans un bord (long bord) de celle-ci. La largeur de ce trou oblong 14c permet le passage d'un corps de vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée 8 mais reste inférieure au diamètre d'une tête d'une telle vis. Les dimensions de la plaquette 14b sont telles qu'elle ne puisse être introduite dans le profilé 14a que de telle sorte que le trou oblong 14c s'étende transversalement par rapport audit profilé. Ainsi, la longueur L correspondant à un bord long de la plaquette 14b sera supérieure à la largeur intérieure du profilé 14a tandis que la largeur l correspondant à un bord court de la plaquette 14b sera inférieure (ou au plus égale) à la largeur intérieure du profilé 14a.The wafer 14b is in the form of a rectangular wedge with an oblong hole 14c starting from the center of the wafer 14b and opening into an edge (long edge) thereof. The width of this oblong hole 14c allows the passage of a screw body for fixing a corrugated plate 8 but remains smaller than the diameter of a head of such a screw. The dimensions of the wafer 14b are such that it can be introduced into the profile 14a only so that the oblong hole 14c extends transversely relative to said profile. Thus, the length L corresponding to a long edge of the wafer 14b will be greater than the inner width of the profile 14a while the width l corresponding to a short edge of the wafer 14b will be less (or at most equal) to the inner width of the profile 14a.

Ainsi, la plaquette 14b vient prendre place dans le profilé 14a. Pour la mise en place de la première cale 14 (figure 4), la plaquette 14b vient se glisser sur le corps d'une vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée et la plaquette 14b vient coulisser dans le profilé 14a, sur les rebords 20a jusqu'à ce que la vis se trouve face à la lumière 32.Thus, the wafer 14b takes place in the section 14a. For setting up the first hold 14 ( figure 4 ), the wafer 14b is slid on the body of a fixing screw of a corrugated plate and the wafer 14b slides in the profile 14a, on the flanges 20a until the screw is facing the light 32.

Comme mentionné plus haut, un autre type de cale est de préférence utilisé dans un dispositif de réfection tel que décrit ici. Une seconde cale 34 est alors notamment utilisée à proximité d'un faitage de la toiture 4. Les figures 3 et 5 présentent deux formes de réalisation possible de cette seconde cale 34.As mentioned above, another type of shim is preferably used in a repair device as described herein. A second shim 34 is then used in particular near a ridge of the roof 4. The figures 3 and 5 present two possible embodiments of this second shim 34.

Sur la figure 3, la seconde cale 34 présente une forme globalement similaire à la première cale 14 et est elle aussi préférentiellement en acier galvanisé. Pour éviter le perçage des plaques ondulées 8, la seconde cale 34 est de forme adaptée pour permettre le passage d'une vis servant à maintenir la plaque ondulée 8 sur sa structure support.On the figure 3 , the second shim 34 has a shape generally similar to the first shim 14 and is also preferably made of galvanized steel. To avoid drilling the corrugated plates 8, the second shim 34 is shaped to allow the passage of a screw for holding the corrugated plate 8 on its support structure.

La seconde cale 34 présente une face supérieure 36, une face latérale droite 38, une face inférieure 40 et une face latérale gauche 42.The second shim 34 has an upper face 36, a right lateral face 38, a lower face 40 and a left lateral face 42.

La face latérale droite 38 de la seconde cale 34 présente une lumière 46 préférentiellement de forme rectangulaire et positionnée en son centre. La lumière 46 présente des dimensions adaptées pour permettre le passage d'une tête de vis utilisée pour la fixation des plaques ondulées 8.The right side face 38 of the second shim 34 has a light 46 preferably of rectangular shape and positioned at its center. The light 46 has dimensions adapted to allow the passage of a screw head used for fixing the corrugated plates 8.

La face inférieure 40 présente une lumière en forme de trou oblong 48 disposée transversalement en position médiane dans la face inférieure 40. Ce trou oblong part sensiblement du centre de la face inférieure 40 et vient déboucher dans la lumière 46. Le trou oblong 48 présente une largeur supérieure à la largeur du corps d'une vis utilisée pour une fixation de plaque ondulée 8 et inférieure à la largeur de la tête d'une telle vis permettant ainsi de tenir la seconde cale 34 sur la plaque ondulée 8 lorsque la vis est revissée.The lower face 40 has an oblong hole-shaped lumen 48 arranged transversely in the median position in the lower face 40. This oblong hole extends substantially from the center of the lower face 40 and comes out into the lumen 46. The oblong hole 48 has a greater than the width of the body of a screw used for a corrugated plate fastening 8 and less than the width of the head of such a screw, thus making it possible to hold the second wedge 34 on the corrugated plate 8 when the screw is screwed again .

La face supérieure 36 de la seconde cale 34 présente une lumière 44 de forme circulaire placée au centre de la face supérieure 36. Le diamètre de la lumière 44 est suffisant pour permettre le passage d'un embout de serrage (non représenté sur les figures) et accéder ainsi à une vis positionnée dans le trou oblong 48, sensiblement en bout de ce trou oblong 48, c'est-à-dire sensiblement au centre de la seconde cale 34.The upper face 36 of the second wedge 34 has a circular shape 44 placed in the center of the upper face 36. The diameter of the light 44 is sufficient to allow the passage of a clamping tip (not shown in the figures) and thus access a screw positioned in the oblong hole 48, substantially at the end of this oblong hole 48, that is to say substantially in the center of the second hold 34.

Dans la forme de réalisation illustrée sur la figure 5 (figures 5a à 5c), la seconde cale est également réalisée en deux pièces, un profilé 34a et un verrou 34b.In the embodiment illustrated on the FIG. 5 (FIGS. 5a to 5c ), the second shim is also made in two pieces, a section 34a and a latch 34b.

Le profilé 34a est lui aussi ici un profilé en C. Le dos de ce profilé correspond ici à la face supérieure 36 et comporte comme celle-ci une lumière 44 en son centre. Du côté opposé au dos du profilé 34a, une fente 28a s'étend sur toute la longueur du profilé 34a, d'une extrémité à l'autre de ce profilé, et forme une lumière destinée ici aussi à recevoir un corps d'une vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée 8. De chaque côté de cette fente 28a, se trouve un rebord 40a. Ce dernier est non pas parallèle au dos du profilé 34a (qui est sensiblement plan) mais légèrement incliné vers l'intérieur du profilé 34a. La figure 4b qui est une vue en section transversale du profilé 14a correspond aussi au profilé 34a et illustre ce léger repli vers l'intérieur des rebords 40a.The profile 34a is also here a C-profile. The back of this profile corresponds here to the upper face 36 and has like this a light 44 at its center. On the opposite side to the back of the profile 34a, a slot 28a extends over the entire length of the profile 34a, from one end to the other of this profile, and forms a light intended here also to receive a body of a screw for fixing a corrugated plate 8. On each side of this slot 28a is a flange 40a. The latter is not parallel to the back of the section 34a (which is substantially flat) but slightly inclined towards the inside of the profile 34a. The figure 4b which is a cross-sectional view of the profile 14a also corresponds to the section 34a and illustrates this slight inward fold of the flanges 40a.

Le profilé 34a est de préférence identique au profilé 14a avec pour seule différence la présence de deux découpes 52 au centre des bords latéraux du profilé en C, juste au-dessus des rebords 40a. Ces découpes 52 en forme de fente allongée se trouvent ainsi au niveau de la lumière 44.The profile 34a is preferably identical to the profile 14a with the only difference being the presence of two cutouts 52 at the center of the side edges of the C-profile, just above the flanges 40a. These cutouts 52 in the form of an elongated slot are thus at the level of the light 44.

Le verrou 34b se présente sous la forme d'une plaquette rectangulaire avec deux bords opposés présentant un pli à 90°, les deux plis étant orientés du même côté de la plaquette. Le verrou 34b présente ainsi la forme d'un petit pont qui est destiné à enjamber les deux rebords 40a et la fente 28a du profilé 34a en passant à travers les découpes 52. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5, le verrou 34b présente en outre un trou oblong 48b.The latch 34b is in the form of a rectangular wafer with two opposite edges having a 90 ° fold, the two folds being oriented on the same side of the wafer. The latch 34b thus has the shape of a small bridge which is intended to straddle the two flanges 40a and the slot 28a of the section 34a passing through the cutouts 52. As can be seen from FIG. figure 5 , the latch 34b further has an oblong hole 48b.

Pour mettre la seconde cale de la figure 5 en position sur une vis de fixation d'une plaque ondulée 8, cette vis étant desserrée, la tête de vis est positionnée sous la lumière 44 et le verrou 34b est mis en place à travers les découpes 52, le corps de la vis venant prendre place dans le trou oblong 48b.To put the second hold of the figure 5 in position on a screw for fixing a corrugated plate 8, this screw being loosened, the screw head is positioned under the light 44 and the latch 34b is put in place through the cutouts 52, the body of the screw coming to place in the oblong hole 48b.

Afin de recouvrir les plaques ondulées 8 de la toiture 4 à l'aide du dispositif de réfection 6, il est utilisé (figure 1) des plaques préformées 12 présentant une épaisseur de métal de l'ordre de 1 mm par exemple. Elles sont par exemple en acier, en aluminium, ou dans un autre type de métal. Il s'agit par exemple de tôles connues sous le nom "bac acier". L'homme de l'art connaissant bien les différents modèles de plaques (ou tôles) préformées, ils ne seront pas présentés dans la description.In order to cover the corrugated plates 8 of the roof 4 with the aid of the refurbishing device 6, it is used ( figure 1 ) preformed plates 12 having a metal thickness of the order of 1 mm for example. They are for example steel, aluminum, or in another type of metal. This is for example sheet known as the "steel tray". The man of art Knowing the different models of plates (or sheets) preformed, they will not be presented in the description.

La toiture 4 à réhabiliter est une toiture dite « toiture chaude ». Un isolant thermique 50 (figure 1) est intercalé entre la plaque ondulée 8 et la plaque préformée 12. L'isolant thermique 50 peut être par exemple en matériau de type polystyrène, en laine de roche, en laine de verre ou tout autre isolant. L'isolant 50 peut être également en matériaux compressés. En fonction des contraintes thermiques du bâtiment à réhabiliter l'isolant thermique 50 utilisé présente par exemple une épaisseur de l'ordre de 3 à 10 cm. Avantageusement, l'isolant thermique 50 est préformé afin d'épouser au mieux la forme des plaques ondulées 8 d'un côté ainsi que la forme des plaques préformées 12 d'un autre côté.The roof 4 to be rehabilitated is a so-called roof "hot roof". Thermal insulation 50 ( figure 1 ) is interposed between the corrugated plate 8 and the preformed plate 12. The thermal insulation 50 may be for example of polystyrene material, rock wool, glass wool or other insulator. The insulation 50 may also be of compressed materials. Depending on the thermal constraints of the building to rehabilitate the thermal insulation 50 used has for example a thickness of about 3 to 10 cm. Advantageously, the thermal insulation 50 is preformed in order to best fit the shape of the corrugated plates 8 on one side and the shape of the preformed plates 12 on the other side.

Pour maintenir les plaques préformées 12 et ramener les efforts de soulèvement liés au vent (dépression) vers les premières cales 14 et les secondes cales 34, des rails 16 sont utilisés. Chaque rail 16 est un profilé ayant par exemple une forme dite en « oméga ». La figure 6 présente une vue agrandie partielle dudit rail 16 disposé sur une plaque préformée 12 dans une première forme de réalisation.To maintain the preformed plates 12 and reduce the lifting forces related to the wind (depression) to the first wedges 14 and the second wedges 34, rails 16 are used. Each rail 16 is a profile having for example a shape called "omega". The figure 6 shows a partial enlarged view of said rail 16 disposed on a preformed plate 12 in a first embodiment.

Le rail 16 présente un premier côté et un second côté permettant à l'aide de dispositifs de fixation 18 de fixer et maintenir le rail 16 sur la toiture 4. Les différentes étapes pour installer et fixer le rail 16 sur les plaques préformées 12 seront présentées plus tard dans la description. La hauteur du rail 16 peut être par exemple comprise entre 20 et 40 mm.The rail 16 has a first side and a second side allowing the use of fasteners 18 to fix and hold the rail 16 on the roof 4. The various steps to install and fix the rail 16 on the preformed plates 12 will be presented later in the description. The height of the rail 16 may for example be between 20 and 40 mm.

Préférentiellement, le rail 16 est en alliage léger, par exemple en un alliage à base d'aluminium (mais il pourrait aussi être en acier galvanisé comme les cales) et présente une longueur de 3 à 6 m. Le type de matériau utilisé ainsi que le profil du rail 16 sont donnés à titre d'exemple non limitatif.Preferably, the rail 16 is light alloy, for example an aluminum-based alloy (but it could also be galvanized steel as shims) and has a length of 3 to 6 m. The type of material used and the profile of the rail 16 are given by way of non-limiting example.

Dans un autre exemple de réalisation, comme présenté sur la figure 7, le rail 16 présente deux épaulements 17 en tête adaptés pour recevoir un chariot 19 de ligne de vie. Les deux épaulements 17 viennent se loger dans le chariot 19 afin que celui-ci puisse coulisser sur le rail 16. Pour faciliter le déplacement du chariot 19 sur le rail 16 celui-ci présente par exemple deux rouleaux disposés à l'avant et à l'arrière du chariot 19 comme illustré sur la figure 7. Avantageusement, le chariot 19 présente un demi-anneau adapté pour recevoir une attache comme par exemple un mousqueton afin que les intervenants soient reliés au chariot 19 à l'aide par exemple d'une corde. Le rail 16 forme alors une ligne de vie. Ainsi, les déplacements des intervenants lors de la pose du dispositif 2 sont sécurisés. De tels rails peuvent également être utilisés pour recevoir un garde-corps autoportant (non illustré). Lorsque deux rails parallèles sont montés, un tel garde-corps peut venir s'accrocher sur les deux rails. Il fournit ainsi une protection pour les personnes réalisant la couverture de la toiture et qui marchent sur les plaques préformées 12 (ou tôles) déjà posées.In another embodiment, as presented on the figure 7 , the rail 16 has two shoulders 17 at the head adapted to receive a carriage 19 of lifeline. The two shoulders 17 are housed in the carriage 19 so that it can slide on the rail 16. To facilitate the movement of the carriage 19 on the rail 16 it has for example two rollers arranged at the front and rear. rear of the carriage 19 as illustrated on the figure 7 . Advantageously, the carriage 19 has a half-ring adapted to receive a fastener such as a carabiner so that the speakers are connected to the carriage 19 using for example a rope. The rail 16 then forms a lifeline. Thus, the movements of the speakers during the installation of the device 2 are secured. Such rails can also be used to receive a self-supporting railing (not shown). When two parallel rails are mounted, such railing can hang on both rails. It thus provides protection for the persons carrying out the covering of the roof and who walk on the preformed plates 12 (or sheets) already laid.

Les dispositifs de fixation 18 sont adaptés pour fixer les rails 16 sur les premières cales 14 et les secondes cales 34 en traversant les plaques préformées 12. Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré au dossier, les dispositifs de fixation 18 sont des vis auto-taraudeuses.The fasteners 18 are adapted to fix the rails 16 on the first wedges 14 and the second wedges 34 by passing through the preformed plates 12. In the embodiment illustrated in the backrest, the fixing devices 18 are self-tapping screws. .

Dans la suite de la description, va être présenté un procédé de pose du dispositif de réfection 6 pour recouvrir une toiture 4 déjà existante dite « toiture chaude ».In the following description, will be presented a method of installing the repair device 6 to cover an existing roof 4 already known as "hot roof".

Il est entendu que les étapes d'installation d'échafaudages ou d'autres dispositifs adaptés pour transporter les différentes éléments nécessaires à la réfection de la toiture 4 tels que par exemple les plaques préformées 12, les rails 16, ne seront pas présentées en détail ici.It is understood that the steps of installation of scaffolding or other devices adapted to transport the various elements necessary for the repair of the roof 4 such as for example the preformed plates 12, the rails 16, will not be presented in detail right here.

Afin de réhabiliter la toiture 4, tout d'abord les vis servant à maintenir les plaques ondulées 8 sur la structure porteuse sont desserrées à l'aide d'un outil adapté comme par exemple un visseuse/dévisseuse présentant un embout adapté. Cette opération est d'abord réalisée pour des vis accessibles depuis le bord de la toiture 4, sans avoir à marcher sur celle-ci, à partir d'une nacelle ou d'un échafaudage. Ainsi, il est possible d'éviter les déplacements des ouvriers sur les plaques ondulées 8 lors de l'installation du dispositif.In order to rehabilitate the roof 4, first of all the screws serving to hold the corrugated plates 8 on the supporting structure are loosened using a suitable tool such as for example a screwdriver / screwdriver having a suitable endpiece. This operation is first performed for screws accessible from the edge of the roof 4, without having to walk on it, from a nacelle or scaffolding. Thus, it is possible to avoid the movement of workers on the corrugated plates 8 during the installation of the device.

Lorsque la surface de la plaque ondulée 8 est inférieure à la surface de la plaque préformée 12, les vis d'une (ou de) plaque(s) ondulée(s) 8 voisine(s) sont desserrées afin d'obtenir une surface équivalente à la surface de la plaque préformée 12 à poser.When the surface of the corrugated plate 8 is smaller than the surface of the preformed plate 12, the screws of one (or) corrugated plate (s) 8 neighbor (s) are loosened to obtain an equivalent area on the surface of the preformed plate 12 to be laid.

Les vis sont suffisamment desserrées mais pas totalement de sorte qu'elles puissent pénétrer dans les premières cales 14 (figure 2 ou figure 4, voire autre forme de réalisation) et secondes cales 34 (figure 3 ou figure 5, voire autre forme de réalisation). Ainsi, les plaques ondulées 8 sont toujours maintenues même durant la pose des cales, ce qui améliore la sécurité du chantier.The screws are loose enough but not completely so they can enter the first holds 14 ( figure 2 or figure 4 or other embodiment) and second shims 34 ( figure 3 or figure 5 or other embodiment). Thus, the corrugated plates 8 are always maintained even during the laying of the holds, which improves the safety of the site.

Avantageusement, la première cale 14 est positionnée de sorte que sa face inférieure 20 (ou rebords 20a) soit face à la plaque ondulée 8 et que la tête de vis se trouve face à la lumière 32. La première cale 14 est positionnée de sorte que la fente 28 ou 28a soit parallèle à une onde de la plaque ondulée 8. Ainsi, la première cale 14 est sensiblement libre par rapport au corps de la vis ce qui permet à la première cale 14 de pouvoir effectuer un léger mouvement de translation. Cette forme avantageuse permet ainsi aux plaques préformées 12 de se dilater lors de variations importantes des températures. Dans le cas de figure d'une première cale selon la figure 2, lors d'une dilatation, la tête de vis vient glisser dans la fente 28 et dans le cas de figure d'une première cale selon la figure 4, la plaquette 14b vient se déplacer dans le profilé 14a en s'appuyant sur les rebords 20a.Advantageously, the first shim 14 is positioned so that its underside 20 (or flanges 20a) is facing the corrugated plate 8 and the screw head is facing the light 32. The first shim 14 is positioned so that the slot 28 or 28a is parallel to a wave of the corrugated plate 8. Thus, the first shim 14 is substantially free with respect to the body of the screw which allows the first shim 14 to perform a slight translational movement. This advantageous form thus allows the preformed plates 12 to expand during significant variations in temperatures. In the case of a first hold according to the figure 2 during an expansion, the screw head slides into the slot 28 and in the case of a first wedge according to the figure 4 , the wafer 14b moves in the profile 14a by relying on the flanges 20a.

Une fois la première cale 14 positionnée, la vis correspondante est resserrée.Once the first shim 14 is positioned, the corresponding screw is tightened.

Afin de garder une distance déterminée entre la plaque ondulée 8 et la plaque préformée 12, il est utilisé autant de premières cales 14 que de vis dévissées correspondant à la surface de la plaque préformée 12 à installer. Le procédé de positionnement de chaque première cale 14 est identique à celui présenté à l'étape précédente.In order to keep a determined distance between the corrugated plate 8 and the preformed plate 12, it is used as many first shims 14 as unscrewed screws corresponding to the surface of the preformed plate 12 to be installed. The method of positioning each first shim 14 is identical to that presented in the previous step.

Comme discuté précédemment dans la description, il est utilisé également un autre type de seconde cale 34. Cette seconde cale 34 ne permettant pas des mouvements longitudinaux de translation des plaques préformées 12, elles sont utilisées pour des vis positionnées près du faitage de la toiture 4, afin de créer un point fixe à la plaque préformée 12.As discussed previously in the description, it is also used another type of second shim 34. This second shim 34 does not allow longitudinal translation movements of the preformed plates 12, they are used for screws positioned near the roofing of the roof 4 , to create a fixed point on the preformed plate 12.

Ainsi, les secondes cales 34 sont positionnées sur les vis près du faitage de la toiture 4 de sorte que leurs trous oblongs 48, 48b soient face aux plaques ondulées 8 et soit positionnée perpendiculairement aux ondes des plaques ondulées 8. L'utilisation de ces secondes cales 34 à proximité du faitage permet de créer des points fixes et d'éviter le risque de cisaillement des fixations du faitage lors d'une variation de température.Thus, the second wedges 34 are positioned on the screws near the factoring of the roof 4 so that their oblong holes 48, 48b face the corrugated plates 8 and is positioned perpendicularly to the waves of the corrugated plates 8. The use of these seconds shims 34 near the scaffolding allows to create fixed points and to avoid the risk of shearing of fixings of the factoring during a variation of temperature.

Afin de faciliter le serrage de la vis pour maintenir la seconde cale 34 sur la plaque ondulée 8, la lumière 44 est positionnée de sorte que la tête de la vis soit positionnée au centre de la lumière 44. Cette étape sera renouvelée autant de fois que nécessaire afin de fixer les secondes cales 34 au niveau du faitage.In order to facilitate the tightening of the screw to hold the second shim 34 on the corrugated plate 8, the lumen 44 is positioned so that the head of the screw is positioned in the center of the lumen 44. This step will be repeated as many times as necessary to fix the second wedges 34 at the level of the factoring.

Une fois les premières cales 14 fixées à l'aide des vis tel que présenté précédemment, un isolant 50 est placé (toiture chaude). L'isolant 50 peut être posé sur les plaques ondulées 8 sans aucun dispositif de collage ou bien, il peut comprendre un dispositif de collage tel qu'une colle polymère synthétique permettant de le rendre solidaire provisoirement des plaques préformées 12. La colle pour l'isolant n'a qu'un rôle provisoire car une fois en place l'isolant 50 est bloqué entre la toiture existante 4 et les plaques préformées 12.Once the first shims 14 fixed with the screws as presented above, an insulation 50 is placed (hot roof). The insulation 50 may be placed on the corrugated plates 8 without any gluing device or it may comprise a gluing device such as a synthetic polymer glue for temporarily securing the preformed plates 12. The glue for the insulation has a temporary role because once in place the insulation 50 is blocked between the existing roof 4 and the preformed plates 12.

La plaque préformée 12 est ensuite disposée sur l'isolant 50 et repose sur les premières cales 14. Les normes en ce qui concerne la pose des plaques préformées 12 c'est-à-dire la distance de recouvrement entre deux plaques préformées 12, connues de l'homme de l'art, seront bien entendu respectées.The preformed plate 12 is then placed on the insulator 50 and rests on the first shims 14. The standards as regards the laying of the preformed plates 12, that is to say the overlap distance between two preformed plates 12, known of the man of the art, will of course be respected.

Un premier rail 16 est alors disposé sur la plaque préformée 12 au droit des premières cales 14 perpendiculairement aux ondes des plaques ondulées 8. Pour faciliter le positionnement du rail 16 sur les premières cales 14, un repérage du positionnement des premières cales 14 peut être réalisé sur la plaque préformée 12 à l'aide par exemple d'un fil à tracer avant le positionnement du rail 16 sur la plaque préformée 12.A first rail 16 is then placed on the preformed plate 12 at the right of the first shims 14 perpendicularly to the waves of the corrugated plates 8. In order to facilitate the positioning of the rail 16 on the first shims 14, a marking of the positioning of the first shims 14 can be realized. on the preformed plate 12 using for example a wire to trace before the positioning of the rail 16 on the preformed plate 12.

Afin de maintenir solidement la plaque préformée 12 sur la toiture 4, on utilisera autant de rails 16 que de lignes de premières cales 14. Également, le nombre de rails 16 à positionner sur la plaque préformée 12 est adapté en fonction de la superficie de celle-ci et des efforts estimés dus au vent.In order to securely hold the preformed plate 12 on the roof 4, use will be made of as many rails 16 as rows of first wedges 14. Also, the number of rails 16 to be positioned on the preformed plate 12 is adapted as a function of the area of the and efforts estimated due to the wind.

Pour maintenir les rails 16 sur les premières cales 14 à travers les plaques préformées 12, les dispositifs de fixation 18 sont utilisés. De préférence deux dispositifs de fixation 18 sont utilisés au niveau de chaque première cale 14. Les dispositifs de fixation 18 sont positionnés au niveau de la première cale 14 sur une partie plane du rail 16 qui est en contact avec une partie supérieure de la plaque préformée 12. Les dispositifs de fixation 18 sont vissés de sorte que le rail 16 soit en contact avec la plaque préformée 12 et la fixe solidement à la structure porteuse via les premières cales 14 et/ou les secondes cales 34.To hold the rails 16 on the first shims 14 through the preformed plates 12, the fasteners 18 are used. Preferably two fastening devices 18 are used at each first shim 14. The fastening devices 18 are positioned at the level of the first shim 14 on a flat portion of the rail 16 which is in contact with an upper portion of the preformed plate 12. The fastening devices 18 are screwed so that the rail 16 is in contact with the preformed plate 12 and firmly fixed to the carrier structure via the first shims 14 and / or the second shims 34.

Une fois la première plaque préformée 12 posée et fixée sur la toiture 4 une autre plaque préformée 12 voisine peut être posée selon le même procédé jusqu'à ce que la toiture 4 soit totalement recouverte par les plaques préformées 12. Avantageusement, grâce au dispositif de réfection 6 et à son procédé de pose, les ouvriers peuvent, une fois la première plaque préformée 12 posée et fixée, travailler dans de meilleures conditions de sécurité. En effet, les déplacements seront réalisés uniquement sur les plaques préformées déjà posées.Once the first preformed plate 12 placed and fixed on the roof 4 another preformed plate 12 next can be laid by the same method until the roof 4 is completely covered by the preformed plates 12. Advantageously, thanks to the device of refection 6 and its laying process, the workers can, once the first preformed plate 12 laid and fixed, work in better conditions of safety. Indeed, the movements will be made only on preformed plates already laid.

Préférentiellement, les plaques préformées 12 sont disposées en partant de la gouttière en allant vers le faitage.Preferably, the preformed plates 12 are arranged starting from the gutter towards the screed.

Grâce au dispositif de réfection de toiture proposé ici ainsi qu'à son procédé de pose, les déplacements des ouvriers sur les plaques ondulées fibrociment sont supprimés. En effet, une fois la première plaque préformée posée et fixée sur les plaques ondulées, les déplacements des ouvriers sont uniquement effectués sur les plaques préformées diminuant ainsi le risque de chutes.Thanks to the roof repair device proposed here and to its laying process, workers' movements on corrugated fiber cement sheets are eliminated. Indeed, once the first preformed plate placed and fixed on the corrugated plates, the movements of the workers are only performed on the preformed plates thus reducing the risk of falls.

Une ossature rapportée est créée par les rails ce qui permet d'une part d'augmenter la rigidité de la toiture et d'autre part d'avoir des lignes de vie pendant et après les travaux, pour les ouvriers, sécurisant encore plus le chantier et l'accessibilité pour une future maintenance.An attached framework is created by the rails which allows on the one hand to increase the rigidity of the roof and on the other hand to have lines of life during and after the work, for the workers, securing even more the building site and accessibility for future maintenance.

Le dispositif de réfection décrit ci-dessus peut être utilisé sur des toitures à base de plaques ondulées mais également sur des toitures à base de tôles préformées. Ce dispositif de réfection peut, en particulier, être utilisé en couverture comme en bardage sur tout type de bâtiment.The repair device described above can be used on roofs based on corrugated sheets but also on roofs based on preformed sheets. This repair device can, in particular, be used in roofing and cladding on any type of building.

Bien entendu, la présente invention ne se limite pas à la forme de réalisation préférée et aux variantes de réalisation présentées ci-dessus. Elle concerne également les variantes de réalisation à la portée de l'homme du métier dans le cadre des revendications ci-après.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiment and the embodiments shown above. It also relates to the variants within the scope of those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims below.

Claims (14)

Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage comportant : - au moins une tôle (12) destinée à être posée sur la toiture (4) déjà existante, - au moins un rail (16), - au moins deux cales (14, 34), caractérisé en ce que : - la tôle (12) est positionnée entre les cales (14, 34) et au moins un rail (16), et en ce que - le rail (16) est fixé sur les cales (14, 34) à travers la tôle (12) par des dispositifs de fixation (18). Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding comprising: - at least one sheet (12) intended to be placed on the already existing roof (4), at least one rail (16), at least two shims (14, 34), characterized in that the sheet metal (12) is positioned between the shims (14, 34) and at least one rail (16), and in that - The rail (16) is fixed on the shims (14, 34) through the plate (12) by fasteners (18). Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une des cales (14, 34) permet la dilation de la tôle (12).Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the wedges (14, 34) allows the expansion of the sheet (12). Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une première cale (14) présente une forme tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire, en ce qu'une face de cette cale présente une fente (28) longitudinale débouchant dans un bord transversal, et en ce que la face opposée de cette cale présente une lumière (32) d'accès.Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a first wedge (14) has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section, in that a face of the wedge has a slot (28) longitudinal opening into a transverse edge, and in that the opposite face of the wedge has a slot (32) access. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la fente longitudinale est traversante, en ce que les bords de cette fente sont inclinés vers l'intérieur de la première cale, et en ce qu'une plaquette munie d'un trou oblong débouchant dans un bord de la plaquette est disposée en appui sur les bords inclinés à l'intérieur de la cale, le trou oblong étant orienté transversalement par rapport à la fente longitudinale.Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or cladding according to Claim 3, characterized in that the longitudinal slot is through, in that the edges of this slot are inclined towards the inside of the roof. first shim, and in that a wafer provided with an oblong hole opening into an edge of the wafer is disposed in abutment on the inclined edges inside the shim, the oblong hole being oriented transversely with respect to the slot longitudinal. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une seconde cale (34) présente une forme tubulaire profilée de section rectangulaire, en ce qu'une face de cette cale présente un trou oblong débouchant dans un bord longitudinal au niveau d'une lumière réalisée dans un flanc de la seconde cale, et en ce qu'une lumière est réalisée dans la face opposée à celle recevant le trou oblong pour permettre un accès à ce trou oblong.Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a second wedge (34) has a profiled tubular shape of rectangular section, in that one face of this wedge has an oblong hole opening into a longitudinal edge at a light made in a sidewall of the second wedge, and in that a light is made in the face opposite to that receiving the oblong hole to allow access to this oblong hole. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'une seconde cale comporte, d'une part, un profilé tubulaire en C et, d'autre part, un verrou, en ce que le profilé tubulaire en C présente un dos, deux flancs latéraux s'étendant à partir du dos et portant chacun un rebord replié en direction du rebord opposé, en ce que chaque flanc latéral présente une découpe du côté du rebord correspondant, les deux découpes se faisant face, en ce que le dos présente une lumière au niveau des découpes, et en ce que le verrou est conformé pour s'étendre transversalement à travers les découpes et présente un trou oblong disposé de telle sorte que ledit trou oblong soit disposé transversalement dans le profilé tubulaire en C lorsque le verrou est disposé à l'intérieur des deux découpes.Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or cladding according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a second wedge comprises, on the one hand, a tubular section C and on the other hand, a latch, in that the C-shaped tubular section has a back, two lateral flanks extending from the back and each carrying a folded flange towards the opposite flange, in that each lateral flank has a cut-out on the side of the corresponding rim, the two cut-outs facing each other, in that the back has a light at the cutouts, and in that the lock is shaped to extend transversely through the cuts and has an oblong hole disposed such that said oblong hole is disposed transversely in the tubular section C when the latch is disposed within the two cutouts. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le verrou présente à chacune de ses extrémités dépassant des découpes un repli sensiblement à angle droit.Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or cladding according to claim 6, characterized in that the lock has at each of its ends protruding from the recesses a fold substantially at right angles. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le rail (16) présente un profil dit en « oméga ».Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the rail (16) has a so-called "omega" profile. Dispositif (6) pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la tôle (12) est de forme adaptée pour s'appuyer sur des creux d'ondes des plaques ondulées (8).Device (6) for covering a roof (4) or a cladding according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the sheet (12) is of a shape adapted to rest on recesses of waves corrugated plates (8). Procédé pour le recouvrement d'une toiture (4) ou d'un bardage présentant des plaques ondulées (8) fixées sur une structure porteuse à l'aide de vis comportant chacune un corps et une tête, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes : - desserrer partiellement les vis fixant des plaques ondulées (8) de la toiture (4) sur la structure porteuse, - placer au niveau de chaque vis desserrée une cale (14, 34) tubulaire de sorte que la tête de la vis soit positionnée à l'intérieur de la cale et accessible par une lumière (32, 44) de chaque cale (14, 34), - serrer chaque vis, - placer la tôle (12) sur les cales (14, 34) de sorte à couvrir la plaque ondulée (8), - positionner au moins un rail (16) sur la tôle (12) de sorte qu'il soit au droit des cales (14, 34), - fixer le rail (16) sur les cales (14, 34) à l'aide de dispositifs de fixation (18), et - renouveler les étapes du procédé afin de recouvrir la totalité de la toiture (4). Method for covering a roof (4) or a cladding having corrugated plates (8) fixed to a supporting structure with screws each comprising a body and a head, characterized in that it comprises the following steps : - partially loosen the screws fixing corrugated plates (8) of the roof (4) on the supporting structure, placing at each loosened screw a tubular wedge (14, 34) so that the head of the screw is positioned inside the wedge and accessible by a lumen (32, 44) of each wedge (14, 34). ) - tighten each screw, - place the sheet (12) on the wedges (14, 34) so as to cover the corrugated plate (8), - Position at least one rail (16) on the sheet (12) so that it is at the right of the shims (14, 34), - fastening the rail (16) to the shims (14, 34) with fixing devices (18), and - repeat the process steps to cover the entire roof (4). Procédé pour la réfection d'une toiture (4) selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le positionnement de chaque cale (14, 34) est repéré sur la tôle (12).Method for the repair of a roof (4) according to claim 10, characterized in that the positioning of each shim (14, 34) is marked on the sheet (12). Procédé pour la réfection d'une toiture (4) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce qu'un isolant est disposé entre les plaques ondulées (8) et les tôles (12).Method for the repair of a roof (4) according to any one of claims 10 or 11, characterized in that an insulator is disposed between the corrugated plates (8) and the plates (12). Procédé pour la réfection d'une toiture (4) selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'isolant (50) est pré-collé sous la tôle (12).Method for the repair of a roof (4) according to claim 12, characterized in that the insulator (50) is pre-glued under the sheet (12). Procédé pour la réfection d'une toiture (4) selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'un garde-corps autoportant est monté sur au moins deux rails (16).Method for the repair of a roof (4) according to one of Claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a self-supporting railing is mounted on at least two rails (16).
EP15199234.4A 2014-12-10 2015-12-10 Device for covering a roof or siding and method for implementing said device Active EP3031996B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1462201A FR3029953B1 (en) 2014-12-10 2014-12-10 DEVICE FOR COVERING A ROOF OR A CLADDING AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID DEVICE

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EP3031996A1 true EP3031996A1 (en) 2016-06-15
EP3031996B1 EP3031996B1 (en) 2018-02-14

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FR (1) FR3029953B1 (en)

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FR1251122A (en) * 1960-03-14 1961-01-13 Atlas Stone Company Ltd Insulating roof in corrugated materials for buildings
CH416048A (en) * 1963-05-15 1966-06-30 Furrer Josef Roof or wall covering, as well as a method for its production and a device for carrying out the method
FR2341720A1 (en) * 1976-02-18 1977-09-16 Limonier Marcel Safety barrier for roofs under construction - has three horizontal metal tubes forming L-shape, with uprights and intermediate crosspieces
US5287670A (en) * 1990-10-18 1994-02-22 Gantan Beauty Industry, Co., Ltd. Double roofing roof structure
FR2782334A1 (en) * 1998-08-11 2000-02-18 Rlb Fixing for roofing on corrugated cement fibre tiles
WO2001002665A1 (en) 1999-07-06 2001-01-11 Siplast S.A. Device for fixing an insulating covering to a roof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3109953A1 (en) * 2020-05-06 2021-11-12 françois curial PROCESS FOR THE REALIZATION OF A ROOF BUILT WITH DIFFERENT COVERING MATERIALS, SOLAR ENERGY PANELS AND ROOF OBTAINED

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Publication number Publication date
EP3031996B1 (en) 2018-02-14
FR3029953A1 (en) 2016-06-17
FR3029953B1 (en) 2019-05-31

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