EP3031097B1 - Dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception de signaux radiofréquences - Google Patents

Dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception de signaux radiofréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3031097B1
EP3031097B1 EP14747620.4A EP14747620A EP3031097B1 EP 3031097 B1 EP3031097 B1 EP 3031097B1 EP 14747620 A EP14747620 A EP 14747620A EP 3031097 B1 EP3031097 B1 EP 3031097B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiating surface
antenna
substrate
ground plane
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14747620.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3031097A1 (fr
Inventor
Chakib El Hassani
Christopher Barratt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Insight Sip
Original Assignee
Insight Sip
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Application filed by Insight Sip filed Critical Insight Sip
Publication of EP3031097A1 publication Critical patent/EP3031097A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3031097B1 publication Critical patent/EP3031097B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0421—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with a shorting wall or a shorting pin at one end of the element

Definitions

  • GHz gigahertz
  • wireless communicating systems which are increasingly used daily, and often almost permanently, by an ever-increasing user population, all have antennas for receiving and, more often than not, to transmit signals in the frequency band defined by the technical standard that governs them. It is mainly mobile phones, especially those obeying the so-called GSM standard, acronym for "global” system for mobile communications "which defines a communication standard whose geographical coverage is global.
  • GPS Global positioning system
  • the wireless network can instead be designed to cover only a small geographical area, or very limited, such as the so-called “Bluetooth” standard that allows communication up to ten meters of terminals between them.
  • Bluetooth a wireless local area network
  • WiFi wireless local area network
  • the antennas of the above devices must nevertheless be able to maintain optimum efficiency in the entire band of frequencies where they must operate. This efficiency depends on losses which are intrinsic to the antenna and which are measured most commonly using the so-called "S" parameters, of the English “scattering parameters” which make it possible to qualify the behavior of the antenna between the propagation medium on the one hand and the electronic control circuit on the other hand.
  • S parameters have been designed and are used to measure and qualify the behavior of passive or active linear circuits operating in the frequency range referred to above often referred to as microwave or radio frequency (RF) in the technical literature. on these topics.
  • the adaptation of the antenna is defined in particular by the parameter S11 which represents the losses by reflection of the antenna. He speaks in decibels (dB). The lower the value of S11, the better the adaptation and therefore the better the overall efficiency of the antenna.
  • the parameter S11 which is frequency dependent, makes it possible to define the bandwidth of the antenna, that is to say the frequency band in which S11 remains below a given threshold which is typically defined at a level of - 6dB. Under these conditions, a quarter of the power delivered by the electronic control circuit is lost by reflection and three quarters are therefore usefully radiated by the antenna.
  • the bandwidth of an antenna can be more or less wide. It is often expressed as a percentage of its center frequency. An antenna whose bandwidth is a few percent is considered to have a narrow band of operation. This type of antenna is well suited for certain applications. For example, for a GPS receiver, an antenna whose bandwidth is of the order of 2% is sufficient.
  • An antenna with a bandwidth equal to or greater than 15% is considered to have a wide bandwidth. Those whose bandwidth is greater than or equal to 20% benefit from a very wide bandwidth. Note that to qualify this type of antennas the acronym "UWB”, the English “ultra wide band”, is also often used.
  • a very broadband antenna potentially offers many advantages.
  • a single broadband antenna can then simultaneously cover several radio frequency standards. This makes it possible to reduce the number of antennas that must be able to be implemented in multiservice wireless devices such as smart phones, which not only gives a certain cost advantage but also makes it possible to overcome technical problems that are difficult to overcome. otherwise solve the parasitic couplings that can occur between the different antennas of the same smart phone.
  • the invention relates to a device for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency signals. according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a device for transmitting and / or receiving radio frequency signals according to claim 11.
  • the antenna according to the invention is designed to operate above a ground plane in order to allow a great freedom of placement on the application card that uses it and thus avoid any additional constraint to the designer of the application. this.
  • the major difficulty that is the proximity of a ground plane likely to make the antenna resonant and inefficient is overcome by the described structure.
  • the implementation cost of the antenna that includes the materials used, its manufacture and assembly remains low compared to the overall cost of the radio frequency module that uses it.
  • the antenna according to the present invention allows operation of the broadband antenna made possible by the coupling of several resonances.
  • box antenna or AIP the acronym for the "antenna in package” covers all the solutions that make it possible to implement in one and the same component: the radiofrequency chip for transmitting and receiving radiofrequency signals; the antenna and its adaptation network as well as other radio frequency components.
  • Conventional examples of integrating an antenna into the same electronic module are represented in the Figures 1a, 1b and 1c .
  • AIP solutions in addition to a significant surface gain compared to an external antenna, relate to the fact that the adaptation between the radiofrequency chip and its antenna is then carried out once and for all, during the very design of the module. , by a highly qualified specialized staff.
  • the antenna 111 is made on a printed circuit board 110 or PCB, that is to say "printed circuit board” supporting the radio frequency chip 115, the performances are then directly dependent on the characteristics of the PCB. application which involves the intervention of qualified personnel in radio frequencies during the integration phase.
  • the figure 1b illustrates the case where the antenna itself is placed on a separate component 121 to facilitate the integration of the radiofrequency solution. It is then typically a ceramic module which is itself soldered to the PCB. The realization of the adaptation 113 between the antenna 121 and the radiofrequency chip 115 still requires the intervention of specialized personnel.
  • the figure 1c illustrates the fact that most commonly in conventional solutions, radiofrequency chip and antenna occupy separate surfaces, 131 and 133, which do not overlap. This is done by extension of the substrate 134 constituting the PCB.
  • the good radiation of the antenna 111 imposes in fact most often the total absence of any metal surface facing which could screen. This is particularly the case of the ground plane that is still present in the region 131 of the PCB hosting the electronic components and in particular the radiofrequency chip 115.
  • the total area of the module 110 is then necessarily increased by the area occupied by the latter.
  • the advantage is that the thickness 135 of the module, after coating in a so-called overmolding layer 132, can then remain more easily compatible with the thickness constraints imposed by the manufacturers of communicating devices whose offer puts the focus on tablet-type products that must be extremely thin to be commercially competitive.
  • a communicating module according to the invention 210 is advantageously of the order of a millimeter and should not exceed two millimeters.
  • the antenna described in the following figures meets the objectives of the invention and is therefore capable of transmitting and receiving signals throughout the frequency range of the UWB standard while maintaining reduced dimensions, especially in terms of thickness.
  • the antenna 310 is intended to rest on a multilayer substrate 410 with which it will interact.
  • FIG. 4 An example of such a substrate 410 is shown on the figure 4 which typically supports at least one radiofrequency chip 412 from which the signals to be transmitted are generated to be radiated via the antenna 310. This obviously also has the function of collecting the signals transmitted by other antennas which are amplified by the radio frequency chip 412 to be operated by a receiving system. Note that generally the substrate 410 supports more than one component. In addition to the radiofrequency chip 412, it is common for the substrate 410 to also include adaptive radio frequency components such as those mentioned in FIGS. Figures 1a to 1c (not shown in the figure 4 ).
  • the interconnections 413 between the radiofrequency chip 412 and the substrate 410 are made using a technique very commonly used in microelectronics and termed the English term of "wire bonding" based on the use of gold son.
  • the radiofrequency chip 412 is generally fixed on the substrate 410 by gluing or brazing.
  • Other interconnection and assembly techniques well known to those skilled in the art can be used without inconvenience for the implementation of the invention.
  • the antenna 310 can be made from a metal plate (for example, a copper metal strip) in which cuts are made to obtain the appropriate shape 510 illustrated by the figure 5 . Then, using a folding tooling, the desired three-dimensional structure is produced as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the techniques of cutting and folding thin metal parts are widely used by the electronics industry, for example for the manufacture of integrated circuit supports or for the production of shielding housings. These techniques are inexpensive and compatible with mass production. It will be noted here that for reasons of mechanical stability during assembly, additional tabs (not shown) can be made during cutting. These tabs, which are neither connected nor coupled to any metal layer of the substrate 410, do not disturb the operation of the antenna 310. role is limited only to ensure a mechanical maintenance of the latter during assembly.
  • the figure 6 illustrates an implementation option in which is performed after the establishment of the antenna 310 to an overmoulding 610 components and connection means present on the substrate 510 to protect them.
  • the coating or overmoulding of the components (and in particular of at least the antenna 310 and at least one radiofrequency chip 412) present on the second face of the substrate 410 is a commonly performed operation for which coating products are used. which offer all the guarantees of safety and stability over time vis-à-vis the components they coat.
  • the figure 7 illustrates the establishment of the antenna 310 which performs its antenna role possibly after embedding. Overmoulding of components is an optional but nevertheless useful operation that has no impact on the electrical performance of the system.
  • the antenna 310 may optionally play only the protection role of the components mounted on the substrate 410 and interconnections 413.
  • overmolding provides mechanical rigidity and tight protection vis-à-vis small particles.
  • the antenna 310 is positioned above the ground plane.
  • the antenna 310 preferably forms a cavity for housing at least one chip 412 between at least the first radiating surface 318 and said ground plane. The step of placing the antenna 310 is carried out so that the side wall 316 is connected to the coupling trace 416.
  • overmoulding 610 is necessarily present. After formation, it is covered with a metal layer that is etched, for example chemically (deposit, spraying), to create the different elements of the antenna 310 obtained, for example, from a metal strip.
  • the figure 8 and the following illustrate the operation of the antenna 310.
  • the principle of an antenna according to the invention advantageously consists in generating several resonances by making them sufficiently coupled so that their proximity can be exploited in order to obtain a broadband antenna 310.
  • the antenna design steps are described below.
  • first radiating surface 318 for example of rectangular shape, which will constitute the main radiating element of the antenna 310.
  • the first radiating surface 318 is excited, as already seen, via the feed side tab 314 located on one side thereof. Moreover, as has also been seen, this first radiating surface 318 is mechanically supported by the L-shaped side wall 316.
  • the first radiating surface 318 is connected via the side wall 316. to the ground plane of the substrate 410, said ground plane being located on a first face of the substrate 410, opposite to the second face of the substrate 410.
  • the ground plane is a lower layer in the case where the substrate 410 is multilayer.
  • This structure is a type of antenna widely used said PIFA, acronym for the English “planar inverted F antenna”, that is to say “plane antenna inverted F”.
  • PIFA acronym for the English “planar inverted F antenna”
  • This structure makes it possible to generate a double resonance illustrated on the figure 9a .
  • the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of the antenna being conventionally called ⁇
  • the lowest frequency resonance 910 is in a resonance mode corresponding to a quarter of the wavelength, or ⁇ / 4, according to the largest dimension of the first radiating surface 318, i.e., its length 820. That of higher frequency 920 corresponds in a manner similar to the width 810 of antenna 310.
  • FIGS. Figures 9a and 9b the two modes are not correctly coupled.
  • the antenna 310 is optimized to operate in the 7-9 GHz band, which corresponds to group 6 of the UWB standard.
  • the Figures 10, 11a and 11b illustrate a second step of the invention which consists in improving the matching and bringing the two resonances closer to the first radiating surface 318 in order to obtain a better coupling between the two modes of resonance.
  • the invention applies here a new approach that consists of replacing the electrical connection between the lateral wall 316 of the antenna 310 and the ground plane of the substrate 410 by a capacitive coupling 1010 with the latter.
  • the side wall 316 is connected in this case, as already shown on the figure 4 a coupling trace 416 metal located on the second face of the substrate 410 but disconnected from the ground plane; said ground plane being located on the first face of the substrate 410.
  • This coupling trace 416 forms a coupling capacitance whose value is ⁇ S / e where ⁇ is the dielectric constant of the dielectric material constituting the substrate 410, S is the surface of the coupling trace 416 and e is the thickness between the coupling trace 416 located on the second face of the substrate 410 and the ground plane located on the first face of the substrate 410. As shown by FIGS. Figures 11a and 11b the two resonances, 1110 and 1120, are then closer and there is a better impedance matching.
  • the Figures 12, 13a and 13b illustrate a third step of the invention where it comes to set up a second resonator in the form of a second radiating surface 312. Installed next to the first radiating surface 318, the second radiating surface 312 is excited by capacitive coupling with the first radiating surface 318.
  • the first radiating surface 318 and the second radiating surface 312 are connected at the same side wall 316.
  • the first and second radiating surfaces 318, 312 are advantageously free of vibration from each other in the three directions of space.
  • the side wall 316 is connected to a coupling trace 416 located on a second face of the substrate 410, opposite to the first face of the substrate 410, and the side wall 316 and the coupling trace 416 are configured to act as a capacitive coupler. between at least the first radiating surface 318, the second radiating surface (312) and the ground plane.
  • the Figures 13a and 13b illustrate the frequency behavior of the antenna 310 comprising the first radiating surface 318 and the second radiating surface 312.
  • the third resonance corresponds to a mode in ⁇ / 4 along a dimension of length 1210 of the additional resonator, that is to say of the second radiating surface 312.
  • the first radiating surface 318 has a length dimension 820 greater than the length dimension 1210 of the second radiating surface 312.
  • the Figures 15a and 15b show the results obtained with a UWB antenna which has been developed according to the above principles to operate in the frequency band ranging from 7 to 9 GHz.
  • the antenna 310 in an AIP module with parameters such as the height 1430, the length 820 and the width 810 have each been fixed to a maximum dimension so that the external dimensions of the module remain compatible with the miniaturization objectives set. by the needs of the market and in particular, as we have seen, the thickness of it.
  • the dielectric materials used and that of the substrate 410 are also based on the use of standard materials in order to keep the manufacturing cost as low as possible.
  • an antenna 310 operating in the frequency band ranging from 7 to 9 GHz and integrated into an AIP module whose dimensions occupy in this example a parallelepiped whose base is a square of 7 mm side and a thickness of 1.5 mm.
  • this particular example of an antenna 310 according to the invention has dimensions of the order of ⁇ / 5 for the horizontal dimensions (side of the square) and ⁇ / 25 in height.
  • the Figures 15a and 15b highlight the good behavior of the antenna 310 where the multiple resonances correctly coupled to obtain a broadband antenna 310 of the order of 2 GHz to -6 dB, which represents 25% of the central frequency. This band covers all channels in group 6 of the UWB frequency range.
  • FIGs 16a and 16b illustrate the radiation performance of the antenna 310 which is expressed, respectively, in terms of gain and efficiency. These results show that the antenna 310 behaves well in the entire frequency band for which it has been designed, not only in terms of its impedance matching as seen in the previous figures, but also presents a good behavior in terms of radiated power expressed, on the one hand, by its gain in dB ( figure 16a ) and secondly by its efficiency as a percentage of the power injected ( figure 16b ).
  • the figure 18 illustrates that an antenna 310 according to the invention may be composed of both the first radiating surface 318 and the second radiating surface 312 which are not only of rectangular or polygonal shape. All kinds of forms other than those studied are likely to be suitable while maintaining the same operating principle and the associated benefits.
  • the figure 18 is an example of more complex forms which have been studied and which give results at least as good as those reported in the preceding figures relating exclusively to radiating surfaces 312, 318 of rectangular shape.
  • at least the first radiating surface (318) forms an L whose first side of the L extends along the length (820) of the first radiating surface (318) and a second side of the L extends following the width (810) of the first radiating surface (318).
  • the first side of the L and the second side of the L advantageously form an angle of 90 °.
  • a bend is formed at the intersection between the first side of the L and the second side of L.
  • the second radiating surface 312 is preferably a homothety of the first radiating surface 318 whose length and width dimensions are smaller.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP14747620.4A 2013-08-05 2014-07-31 Dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception de signaux radiofréquences Active EP3031097B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1357782A FR3009443B1 (fr) 2013-08-05 2013-08-05 Dispositif d'emission et/ou de reception de signaux radiofrequences
PCT/EP2014/066557 WO2015018745A1 (fr) 2013-08-05 2014-07-31 Dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception de signaux radiofréquences

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3031097A1 EP3031097A1 (fr) 2016-06-15
EP3031097B1 true EP3031097B1 (fr) 2018-06-13

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14747620.4A Active EP3031097B1 (fr) 2013-08-05 2014-07-31 Dispositif d'émission et/ou de réception de signaux radiofréquences

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US10483632B2 (ja)
EP (1) EP3031097B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP6527865B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2920445C (ja)
FR (1) FR3009443B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2015018745A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20170008617A (ko) * 2015-07-14 2017-01-24 삼성전기주식회사 무선 전력 수신 장치 및 그 제조방법
JP6973347B2 (ja) * 2018-10-10 2021-11-24 オムロン株式会社 アンテナ装置

Family Cites Families (16)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07249925A (ja) * 1994-03-10 1995-09-26 Murata Mfg Co Ltd アンテナ及びアンテナ装置
JP2885707B2 (ja) * 1996-07-26 1999-04-26 埼玉日本電気株式会社 板状アンテナ
JPH1093332A (ja) * 1996-09-13 1998-04-10 Nippon Antenna Co Ltd 複共振逆ｆ型アンテナ
US6218991B1 (en) * 1999-08-27 2001-04-17 Mohamed Sanad Compact planar inverted F antenna
JP2001156544A (ja) * 1999-12-01 2001-06-08 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd アンテナ装置
US6515627B2 (en) * 2001-02-14 2003-02-04 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Multiple band antenna having isolated feeds
US6822616B2 (en) 2002-12-03 2004-11-23 Harris Corporation Multi-layer capacitive coupling in phased array antennas
JP2005072902A (ja) * 2003-08-22 2005-03-17 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 逆ｆ型アンテナ、無線装置
EP1861897A4 (en) * 2005-03-15 2010-10-27 Galtronics Ltd ANTENNA WITH CAPACITIVE SUPPLY
FI119577B (fi) * 2005-11-24 2008-12-31 Pulse Finland Oy Monikaistainen antennikomponentti
US7789089B2 (en) * 2006-08-04 2010-09-07 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Filtered cigarette possessing tipping material
US7808434B2 (en) * 2006-08-09 2010-10-05 Avx Corporation Systems and methods for integrated antennae structures in multilayer organic-based printed circuit devices
JP4870509B2 (ja) * 2006-09-27 2012-02-08 新光電気工業株式会社 電子装置
US20080143608A1 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Antenna-integrated module
EP2267834A1 (en) 2009-06-19 2010-12-29 Insight sip sas Efficient integrated miniature antenna structure for multi-GHz wireless applications
US8514132B2 (en) * 2009-11-10 2013-08-20 Research In Motion Limited Compact multiple-band antenna for wireless devices

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3031097A1 (fr) 2016-06-15
JP6527865B2 (ja) 2019-06-05
WO2015018745A1 (fr) 2015-02-12
US10483632B2 (en) 2019-11-19
CA2920445A1 (fr) 2015-02-12
US20160172747A1 (en) 2016-06-16
JP2016529821A (ja) 2016-09-23
FR3009443B1 (fr) 2018-03-23
FR3009443A1 (fr) 2015-02-06
CA2920445C (fr) 2022-06-28

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