EP3023570B1 - Non-combustible material door - Google Patents

Non-combustible material door Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3023570B1
EP3023570B1 EP15188485.5A EP15188485A EP3023570B1 EP 3023570 B1 EP3023570 B1 EP 3023570B1 EP 15188485 A EP15188485 A EP 15188485A EP 3023570 B1 EP3023570 B1 EP 3023570B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
door according
layer
door
construction material
paper
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EP15188485.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3023570A1 (en
Inventor
Claus Schmid
Andreas Schembecker
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Holzbau Schmid GmbH and Co KG
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Holzbau Schmid GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL15188485T priority Critical patent/PL3023570T3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/16—Fireproof doors or similar closures; Adaptations of fixed constructions therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a door having a door leaf in the form of a composite construction provided with a core and a cover layer.
  • Doors with such door leaves usually have a core of chipboard or other wood materials, which may optionally include additional honeycomb inserts to reduce weight.
  • This core is often provided with a circumferential wooden profile, which consists mostly of solid wood.
  • the composite construction is usually covered on both flat sides with a high-density fiberboard (HDF wood board), which HDF board may be provided with a surface finish, such as plywood, laminate or with a paint job.
  • HDF wood board high-density fiberboard
  • a disadvantage of such a door construction that building supervisory requirements are not met with respect to the non-combustibility of the building materials and thus the applications are limited for such doors.
  • Another disadvantage is that the peripheral edges formed of solid wood are susceptible to the ingress of moisture. The moisture ultimately damages both the core of the composite structure and the cover layer, so that both the stability and the visual appearance of the door is permanently impaired.
  • the CN 201802266 U relates to a refractory and burglar-proof door according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein on both sides a plywood plate, a wavy paper and another plate are applied to a perlitenite plate.
  • the publication EP 0 628 670 A1 discloses a building fire protection panel comprising two thermosetting and non-combustible outer mineral resin layers, and high thermal and mechanical strength reinforcing fibers and a lower density non-combustible central core, the core consisting of a mineral charge and a binder compatible with the resin which allows adhesion of the core directly to the layers. It is between the mineral resin layers further provided a plate of a material of the same nature as that of the central core.
  • the invention is in view of this prior art, the object to provide a door under avoidance of said disadvantages, which is both non-combustible, so meets the requirements of building material class A1, as well as in great variability can be equipped with a decorative cover layer.
  • the invention provides a door with a non-flammable door leaf in the form of a composite construction whose core consists of non-combustible mineral silicate material provided with a non-flammable decorative layer which is variably provided according to the desired aesthetic requirements is, wherein the existing problems with such products in terms of edge stability, the risk of cracking and breakage during transport and attachment by the intended circumferential support frame made of metal profiles are avoided. For these reasons, experts have hitherto considered silicate structural panels not suitable for use as non-combustible door panels.
  • the present invention is based on the finding that, in contrast to the laminates typically used for building material panels, the non-combustible decorative layer consists of at least two paper layers and a reinforcing layer, such as a glass fiber fleece, resulting in significantly improved performance due to the resulting lower paper content in case of fire leads.
  • a reinforcing layer such as a glass fiber fleece
  • the reinforcing layer of the decorative layer can also have a positive effect on the stability of the entire building material panel.
  • the length and width of such a door can be dimensioned more freely, namely larger, since the risks of sagging and damage caused thereby are avoided by the combination according to the invention of such a building material panel with a closed support frame.
  • a core From silicate material is a comparatively low density of only 800 kg / m 3 or less, in particular 700 kg / m 3 or less and thus achieved a low weight.
  • the silicate material of the building material panel can also be combined with gypsum or other inorganic fillers and / or fiber materials.
  • inorganic fibers made of glass, carbon or aluminum oxide organic fibers such as cellulose fibers or aramid fibers are also suitable as fiber materials.
  • gypsum by the addition of gypsum to the building board the fire protection properties of the door panel made therefrom are improved in case of fire in that the water of crystallization bound in gypsum evaporates in case of fire and thereby the fire opposite side of the door leaf is cooled.
  • the gypsum supplement increases the specific gravity of the plate, reducing its moisture tolerance and stability. Accordingly, the gypsum content can be adapted to the desired fire protection properties.
  • the silicate material contains or consists of perlite. This is advantageous because perlite on the one hand have a very low specific weight and at the same time have good thermal insulation properties and good fire behavior.
  • the building material panel forming the core of the door leaf of the door according to the invention has a density of 800 kg / m 3 or less, in particular 700 kg / m 3 or less, preferably 650 kg / m 3 or less, particularly preferably 450 kg / m 3 or less.
  • This door leaves can be produced whose specific weight corresponds approximately to that of such door leaves, which have a press chip, that is about 400 to 900 kg / m 3 .
  • the door leaves are distinguished from door leaves with press chips by their non-combustibility. In addition, in case of fire through the mineral core neither smoke nor harmful vapors.
  • the door leaf core is not only improved in terms of its fire protection properties, but also kept the specific gravity low.
  • the decorative layer is glued to the building material plate with a water glass adhesive. It is particularly advantageous to perform the bonding at slightly elevated temperature, for example in the range of 30 to 70 ° C, in particular at 30 to 60 ° C.
  • a glass-water adhesive By using a glass-water adhesive, it is possible to stick the decorative layer directly on the building material, so that the use of intermediate metal layers, as are known in the prior art, is not required.
  • a primer or an adhesion promoter is used.
  • the water glass adhesive used has the further advantage, in comparison to the known from the prior art epoxy or polyurethane adhesives, non-flammable and to develop in case of fire, no smoke or toxic gases.
  • the preferably used adhesive based on water glass in case of fire, cooling properties by elimination of water, whereby the fire protection properties of the building material panel are further improved.
  • a suitable water-glass adhesive is commercially available, for example, from the company Woellner under the name COLLOSIL®.
  • the cover layer comprises or consists of a melamine resin.
  • melamine resin shows a more favorable fire behavior compared to the phenol-formaldehyde resins commonly used for building material panels.
  • the topcoat can also contain a flame retardant and / or be equipped with it.
  • a flame retardant suitable for this purpose can be integrated into the material of the cover layer and / or the cover layer can be equipped therewith.
  • suitable Flame retardants are, for example, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pentaBDE, octaBDE, decaBDE), TBBPA and HBCD, melamine, urea, APP (ammonium polyphosphate), TCEP (tris (chloroethyl) phosphate), TCPP (tris (chloropropyl) phosphate), TDCPP (tris (dichloroisopropyl) phosphate), TPP (triphenyl phosphate), TEHP (tris- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate), TKP (tricresyl phosphate), ITP (“isopropylated triphenyl phosphate"), mono-, bis- and tris (isopropylphenyl) phosphates of varying degrees of isopropylation, RDP (resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate)), BDP (bisphenol A bis (diphenyl phosphat
  • the reinforcing layer may comprise or consist of a flat fiber structure.
  • fibers known to those skilled in the art for reinforcing decorative layers can be used for this purpose. These are, for example, fibers of quartz, glass, carbon, aramid or other flame-retardant plastics, fibers of alumina or other inorganic materials or mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber structures may be woven or unwoven and used, for example, as a nonwoven, woven fabric and / or scrim.
  • the reinforcing layer comprises a Glasermaschinevlies, tissue and / or scrim or consists of the aforementioned fiber structures, preferably in the form of a flame-retardant, equipped with flame-retardant fillers and impregnated with melamine resin fiberglass mat.
  • Two, three or more reinforcing layers can also be used.
  • the reinforcing layer is arranged between two paper layers, wherein a paper layer is preferably a cellulose paper impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin.
  • a paper layer is preferably a cellulose paper impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin.
  • at least the paper layer provided with the cover layer is printed, dyed and / or structured. In this way, the door leaf can be given almost any possible optical design.
  • the printing can be done for example via a screen printing process. to Generation of a surface structuring can be used by a person skilled in the art for embossing techniques known per se.
  • the reinforcing layer and the paper layers are glued to a melamine resin.
  • fillers may be added to the melamine resin, in particular inorganic fillers such as gypsum, chalk or the like, as well as mixtures of these.
  • the attachment of the support frame on the door leaf is preferably done by gluing. Furthermore, for aesthetic reasons, the support frame may be provided on its outer surfaces with a non-combustible decorative material.
  • the illustrated non-combustible building material door T is pivotally inserted in a door frame 1 by means of hinges 2 in a known manner and can be locked by means of a locking device 3.
  • the door T has a door leaf 4 which is surrounded on all sides by a support frame R made of metal profiles 5.
  • the support frame R covers the upper and lower horizontal edges and edges as well as the lateral vertical edges and edges of the door leaf 4 and is firmly connected to these by a silicone bond 6.
  • Each individual, the supporting frame R forming metal profile 5 is U-shaped in cross-section and has free, parallel to the main surfaces of the door leaf 4 extending legs, between which a web 7 extends, covering the side surfaces of the door panel 4.
  • the metal profiles 5 are produced by multiple deformation of a single elongated metal strip on which both the two free legs and the web 7 are formed by suitable folding.
  • the web 7 has a recess directed away from the door leaf, which serves to receive a strip 8 made of a non-combustible material.
  • the strip 8 can also be designed with a decorative edge cover.
  • the described metal profiles 5 are welded together to produce the support frame R.
  • the door leaf 4 itself has a core of a building material 9, which consists of a pressed silicate material using lime, vermiculite, sand, mica, water and aggregates on which by means of a solvent-free inorganic adhesive 10, a decorative layer 11 is adhered.
  • the decorative layer 11 consists of a reinforcing layer 12 in the form of a glass fiber fabric and a printed paper layer 13, which are laminated to one another by means of a melamine resin. Finally, the paper layer 13 is covered with a cover layer 14 of melamine resin. In the manner described, both main surfaces of the door leaf 4 are provided with a decorative layer 11.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Tür mit einem Türblatt in Form einer mit einem Kern und einer Deckschicht versehenen Verbundkonstruktion. Türen mit derartigen Türblättern besitzen im Regelfall einen Kern aus Spanplatten oder anderen Holzwerkstoffen, welche gegebenenfalls zusätzliche Wabeneinlagen zur Gewichtsreduzierung umfassen können. Dieser Kern wird häufig mit einem umlaufenden Holzprofil versehen, welches zumeist aus Massivholz besteht. Die Verbundkonstruktion wird üblicherweise auf beiden Flachseiten mit einer hochdichten Faserplatte (HDF-Holzwerkstoffplatte) abgedeckt, wobei diese HDF-Platte mit einem Oberflächen-Finish versehen sein kann, wie beispielsweise Furnierholz, Schichtstoff oder mit einer Lackierung.The invention relates to a door having a door leaf in the form of a composite construction provided with a core and a cover layer. Doors with such door leaves usually have a core of chipboard or other wood materials, which may optionally include additional honeycomb inserts to reduce weight. This core is often provided with a circumferential wooden profile, which consists mostly of solid wood. The composite construction is usually covered on both flat sides with a high-density fiberboard (HDF wood board), which HDF board may be provided with a surface finish, such as plywood, laminate or with a paint job.

Nachteilig ist bei einer solchen Türkonstruktion, dass bauaufsichtliche Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Nichtbrennbarkeit der Baustoffe nicht erfüllt werden und somit die Einsatzmöglichkeiten für solche Türen beschränkt sind. Nachteilig ist ferner, dass die aus Massivholz ausgebildeten umlaufenden Kanten anfällig gegen das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit sind. Die Feuchtigkeit beschädigt letztlich sowohl den Kern der Verbundkonstruktion als auch die Deckschicht, so dass sowohl die Stabilität als auch das optische Erscheinungsbild der Tür nachhaltig beeinträchtigt wird.A disadvantage of such a door construction that building supervisory requirements are not met with respect to the non-combustibility of the building materials and thus the applications are limited for such doors. Another disadvantage is that the peripheral edges formed of solid wood are susceptible to the ingress of moisture. The moisture ultimately damages both the core of the composite structure and the cover layer, so that both the stability and the visual appearance of the door is permanently impaired.

Die CN 201802266 U betrifft eine feuerfeste und einbruchssichere Tür gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, bei welcher auf einer aus Perliten bestehenden Platte beidseitig eine Sperrholzplatte, ein welliges Papier sowie eine weitere Platte zum Abschluss aufgebracht sind.The CN 201802266 U relates to a refractory and burglar-proof door according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein on both sides a plywood plate, a wavy paper and another plate are applied to a perlitenite plate.

Die Druckschrift EP 0 628 670 A1 offenbart eine Brandschutzplatte für Gebäude, mit zwei wärmeaushärtbaren und nichtbrennbaren äußeren Mineralharz-Schichten sowie mit Verstärkungsfasern hoher thermischer und mechanischer Widerstandskraft und einem nichtbrennbaren mittigen Kern geringerer Dichte, wobei der Kern aus einer Mineral-Ladung und aus einem mit dem Harz kompatiblen Bindemittel besteht, durch welches eines Haftung des Kerns unmittelbar an den Schichten ermöglicht wird. Dabei ist zwischen
den Mineralharz-Schichten ferner eine Platte aus einem Material gleicher Beschaffenheit wie das des mittigen Kerns vorgesehen.The publication EP 0 628 670 A1 discloses a building fire protection panel comprising two thermosetting and non-combustible outer mineral resin layers, and high thermal and mechanical strength reinforcing fibers and a lower density non-combustible central core, the core consisting of a mineral charge and a binder compatible with the resin which allows adhesion of the core directly to the layers. It is between
the mineral resin layers further provided a plate of a material of the same nature as that of the central core.

Der Erfindung liegt in Anbetracht dieses Standes der Technik die Aufgabe zugrunde, unter Meidung genannter Nachteile eine Tür bereitzustellen, die sowohl nicht brennbar ist, also die Anforderungen der Baustoffklasse A1 erfüllt, als auch in großer Variabilität mit einer dekorativen Deckschicht ausgestattet sein kann.The invention is in view of this prior art, the object to provide a door under avoidance of said disadvantages, which is both non-combustible, so meets the requirements of building material class A1, as well as in great variability can be equipped with a decorative cover layer.

Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch eine nicht brennbare Baustofftür gelöst, wobei,

  • der Kern aus einer Baustoffplatte aus einem mineralischen silikatischen Material besteht, welche zwei einander gegenüberliegende Hauptflächen aufweist, wobei wenigstens eine der Hauptflächen mit einer aufgeklebten nicht brennbaren Dekorschicht versehen ist,
  • die Dekorschicht wenigstens eine Verstärkungsschicht, die zwischen zwei Papierlagen angeordnet ist, wobei jede Papierlage vorzugsweise ein mit einem wässrigen Melaminharz imprägniertes Zellulosepapier ist, und eine auf einer der Papierlagen aufgebrachte Deckschicht umfasst und mit ihrer der Deckschicht abgewandten Fläche auf die Baustoffplatte aufgeklebt ist, und
  • die Baustoffplatte mit ihrer Dekorschicht an den umlaufenden Kanten mit einem einen geschlossenen Tragrahmen bildenden Metallprofil versehen ist.
The object is achieved by a non-combustible building material door, wherein
  • the core consists of a building material panel made of a mineral silicate material, which has two main surfaces lying opposite one another, wherein at least one of the main surfaces is provided with a glued non-combustible decorative layer,
  • the decorative layer at least one reinforcing layer which is arranged between two paper layers, wherein each paper layer is preferably a cellulose paper impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin and comprises a cover layer applied to one of the paper layers and glued to the building material plate with its surface facing away from the cover layer, and
  • the building material plate is provided with its decorative layer on the peripheral edges with a metal frame forming a closed support frame.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine Tür mit einem insgesamt in der Kombination ihrer Merkmale nicht brennbaren Türblatt in Form einer Verbundkonstruktion bereitgestellt, dessen Kern aus nicht brennbarem mineralischen silikatischen Material besteht, das mit einer nicht brennbaren Dekorschicht versehen ist, welche variabel entsprechend den gewünschten ästhetischen Anforderungen versehen ist, wobei die bei derartigen Produkten bestehenden Probleme hinsichtlich der Kantenstabilität, der Riss- und Bruchgefahr bei Transport und Anbringung durch den vorgesehenen umlaufenden Tragrahmen aus Metallprofilen vermieden werden. Aus diese Gründen hielt die Fachwelt bisher silikatische Bauplatten für nicht geeignet zur Verwendung als nicht brennbares Türblatt.The invention provides a door with a non-flammable door leaf in the form of a composite construction whose core consists of non-combustible mineral silicate material provided with a non-flammable decorative layer which is variably provided according to the desired aesthetic requirements is, wherein the existing problems with such products in terms of edge stability, the risk of cracking and breakage during transport and attachment by the intended circumferential support frame made of metal profiles are avoided. For these reasons, experts have hitherto considered silicate structural panels not suitable for use as non-combustible door panels.

Ferner liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass im Unterschied zu den typischerweise für Baustoffplatten eingesetzten Schichtstoffen die nicht brennbare Dekorschicht aus zumindest zwei Papierlagen und einer Verstärkungsschicht, wie beispielsweise einem Glasfaservlies, besteht, was aufgrund des sich daraus ergebenden niedrigeren Papiergehaltes zu deutlich verbessertem Verhalten im Brandfall führt. In Kombination mit dem silikatischen Material wird nicht nur eine Baustoffplatte mit einem guten Brandverhalten zur Verfügung gestellt, sondern zusätzlich auch eine vergleichsweise leicht, was Vorteile im Hinblick auf den Transport und die Montage mit sich bringt. Zudem kann sich die Verstärkungsschicht der Dekorschicht auch positiv auf die Stabilität der gesamten Baustoffplatte auswirken. Schließlich können Länge und Breite einer derartigen Tür freier, nämlich größer, dimensioniert werden, da durch die erfindungsgemäße Kombination einer solchen Baustoffplatte mit einem geschlossenen Tragrahmen die Gefahren eines Durchhängens und dadurch verursachte Beschädigungen vermieden werden. Durch den Einsatz eines Kerns aus silikatischem Material wird eine vergleichsweise geringe Dichte von lediglich 800 kg/m3 oder weniger, insbesondere 700 kg/m3 oder weniger und damit ein geringes Eigengewicht erreicht.Furthermore, the present invention is based on the finding that, in contrast to the laminates typically used for building material panels, the non-combustible decorative layer consists of at least two paper layers and a reinforcing layer, such as a glass fiber fleece, resulting in significantly improved performance due to the resulting lower paper content in case of fire leads. In combination with the silicate material, not only is a building material panel with good fire performance provided, but in addition also a comparatively light, which brings advantages in terms of transport and assembly with it. In addition, the reinforcing layer of the decorative layer can also have a positive effect on the stability of the entire building material panel. Finally, the length and width of such a door can be dimensioned more freely, namely larger, since the risks of sagging and damage caused thereby are avoided by the combination according to the invention of such a building material panel with a closed support frame. By using a core From silicate material is a comparatively low density of only 800 kg / m 3 or less, in particular 700 kg / m 3 or less and thus achieved a low weight.

Das silikatische Material der Baustoffplatte kann auch mit Gips oder anderen anorganischen Füllstoffen und/oder Fasermaterialen kombiniert werden. Als Fasermaterialen kommen neben anorganischen Fasern aus Glas, Kohlenstoff oder Aluminiumoxid auch organische wie Zellulosefasern oder Aramidfasern in Betracht. Insbesondere durch den Zusatz von Gips zur Baustoffplatte werden die Brandschutzeigenschaften des daraus hergestellten Türblatts im Brandfall insofern verbessert, dass das in Gips gebundene Kristallwasser im Brandfall verdampft und hierdurch die Brandgegenseite des Türblattes gekühlt wird. Andererseits erhöht der Gipszuschlag das spezifische Gewicht der Platte, reduziert ihre Feuchtigkeitstoleranz und die Stabilität. Demnach kann der Gipsanteil den gewünschten Brandschutzeigenschaften angepasst werden.The silicate material of the building material panel can also be combined with gypsum or other inorganic fillers and / or fiber materials. In addition to inorganic fibers made of glass, carbon or aluminum oxide, organic fibers such as cellulose fibers or aramid fibers are also suitable as fiber materials. In particular, by the addition of gypsum to the building board the fire protection properties of the door panel made therefrom are improved in case of fire in that the water of crystallization bound in gypsum evaporates in case of fire and thereby the fire opposite side of the door leaf is cooled. On the other hand, the gypsum supplement increases the specific gravity of the plate, reducing its moisture tolerance and stability. Accordingly, the gypsum content can be adapted to the desired fire protection properties.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Baustoffplatte enthält das silikatische Material Perlite oder besteht hieraus. Dies ist von Vorteil, weil Perlite einerseits ein sehr geringes spezifisches Gewicht besitzen und gleichzeitig gute Wärmedämmeigenschaften sowie ein gutes Brandverhalten aufweisen.According to a preferred embodiment of the building material panel, the silicate material contains or consists of perlite. This is advantageous because perlite on the one hand have a very low specific weight and at the same time have good thermal insulation properties and good fire behavior.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die den Kern des Türblattes der erfindungsgemäßen Tür bildende Baustoffplatte eine Dichte von 800 kg/m3 oder weniger auf, insbesondere 700 kg/m3 oder weniger, bevorzugt 650 kg/m3 oder weniger, besonders bevorzugt 450 kg/m3 oder weniger. Damit lassen sich Türblätter herstellen, deren spezifisches Gewicht in etwa demjenigen solcher Türblätter entspricht, die einen Pressspankern besitzen, also etwa zwischen 400 und 900 kg/m3. Die Türblätter zeichnen sich doch gegenüber Türblättern mit Pressspankern durch ihre Nichtbrennbarkeit aus. Außerdem entstehen im Brandfall durch den mineralischen Kern weder Rauch noch gesundheitsschädliche Dämpfe.According to a preferred embodiment, the building material panel forming the core of the door leaf of the door according to the invention has a density of 800 kg / m 3 or less, in particular 700 kg / m 3 or less, preferably 650 kg / m 3 or less, particularly preferably 450 kg / m 3 or less. This door leaves can be produced whose specific weight corresponds approximately to that of such door leaves, which have a press chip, that is about 400 to 900 kg / m 3 . The door leaves are distinguished from door leaves with press chips by their non-combustibility. In addition, in case of fire through the mineral core neither smoke nor harmful vapors.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Türblatts ist dessen Kern durch Verpressen des silikatischen Materials hergestellt.According to a further preferred embodiment of the door leaf whose core is produced by pressing the silicate material.

Das bedeutet, dass abgesehen von dem silikatischen Material sowie optional weiteren anorganischen Füllstoffen und/oder Fasermaterialien kein zusätzliches Bindemittel eingesetzt werden muss, sondern dass die Platte durch Verpressen der trockenen Einsatzstoffe erzeugt wird. Ein anschließendes Sintern ist ebenfalls nicht erforderlich. Durch den Verzicht auf Bindemittel, insbesondere organische Bindemittel wie Harze oder Klebstoffe, wird der Türblattkern nicht nur hinsichtlich seiner Brandschutzeigenschaften verbessert, sondern auch das spezifische Gewicht niedrig gehalten.This means that, apart from the siliceous material and optionally further inorganic fillers and / or fiber materials, no additional binder has to be used, but rather that the plate is produced by pressing the dry starting materials. Subsequent sintering is also not required. By dispensing with binders, in particular organic binders such as resins or adhesives, the door leaf core is not only improved in terms of its fire protection properties, but also kept the specific gravity low.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Türblatts ist die Dekorschicht mit einem Wasserglaskleber auf die Baustoffplatte aufgeklebt. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, die Verklebung bei leicht erhöhter Temperatur, beispielsweise im Bereich von 30 bis 70 °C, insbesondere bei 30 bis 60 °C, durchzuführen. Durch die Verwendung eines Wasserglasklebers ist es möglich, die Dekorschicht unmittelbar auf die Baustoffplatte aufzukleben, so dass die Verwendung von metallischen Zwischenschichten, wie sie zum Teil aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt sind, nicht erforderlich ist. Ebenso wenig erforderlich ist die Verwendung eines Primers beziehungsweise eines Haftvermittlers. Der eingesetzte Wasserglaskleber hat darüber hinaus im Vergleich zu den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Epoxid- oder Polyurethan-Klebstoffen den weiteren Vorteil, nicht brennbar zu sein und im Brandfall auch keinen Rauch oder giftige Gase zu entwickeln. Darüber hinaus weist der bevorzugt eingesetzte Klebstoff auf Wasserglasbasis im Brandfall kühlende Eigenschaften durch Abspaltung von Wasser auf, wodurch die Brandschutzeigenschaften der Baustoffplatte weiter verbessert werden. Ein geeigneter Wasserglaskleber ist beispielsweise im Handel unter der Bezeichnung COLLOSIL® von der Firma Woellner erhältlich.According to a preferred embodiment of the door leaf, the decorative layer is glued to the building material plate with a water glass adhesive. It is particularly advantageous to perform the bonding at slightly elevated temperature, for example in the range of 30 to 70 ° C, in particular at 30 to 60 ° C. By using a glass-water adhesive, it is possible to stick the decorative layer directly on the building material, so that the use of intermediate metal layers, as are known in the prior art, is not required. Nor is it necessary to use a primer or an adhesion promoter. In addition, the water glass adhesive used has the further advantage, in comparison to the known from the prior art epoxy or polyurethane adhesives, non-flammable and to develop in case of fire, no smoke or toxic gases. In addition, the preferably used adhesive based on water glass in case of fire, cooling properties by elimination of water, whereby the fire protection properties of the building material panel are further improved. A suitable water-glass adhesive is commercially available, for example, from the company Woellner under the name COLLOSIL®.

In Weiterbildung des Türblatts umfasst die Deckschicht ein Melaminharz oder besteht hieraus. Dies ist von Vorteil, da Melaminharz im Vergleich zu den für Baustoffplatten häufig eingesetzten Phenol-Formaldehydharzen ein günstigeres Brandverhalten zeigt. Zur weiteren Verbesserung der Brandschutzeigenschaften kann die Deckschicht darüber hinaus noch ein Flammschutzmittel enthalten und / oder hiermit ausgerüstet sein. Dazu kann ein hierfür geeignetes Flammschutzmittel in das Material der Deckschicht integriert und/oder die Deckschicht hiermit ausgerüstet sein. Geeignete Flammschutzmittel sind beispielsweise polybromierte Diphenylether (PentaBDE, OctaBDE, DecaBDE), TBBPA und HBCD, Melamin, Harnstoff, APP (Ammoniumpolyphosphat), TCEP (Tris(chlorethyl)phosphat), TCPP (Tris(chlorpropyl)phosphat), TDCPP (Tris(dichlorisopropyl)phosphat), TPP (Triphenylphosphat), TEHP (Tris-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphat), TKP (Trikresylphosphat), ITP ("Isopropyliertes Triphenylphosphat"), Mono-, Bis- und Tris(isopropylphenyl)phosphate unterschiedlichen Isopropylierungsgrades, RDP (Resorcinol-bis(diphenylphosphat)), BDP (Bisphenol-A-bis(diphenylphosphat)), ATH (Aluminiumhydroxid), MDH (Magnesiumhydroxid), Ammoniumsulfat ((NH4)2SO4) und -phosphat ((NH4)2PO4).In a further development of the door leaf, the cover layer comprises or consists of a melamine resin. This is advantageous because melamine resin shows a more favorable fire behavior compared to the phenol-formaldehyde resins commonly used for building material panels. To further improve the fire protection properties, the topcoat can also contain a flame retardant and / or be equipped with it. For this purpose, a flame retardant suitable for this purpose can be integrated into the material of the cover layer and / or the cover layer can be equipped therewith. suitable Flame retardants are, for example, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pentaBDE, octaBDE, decaBDE), TBBPA and HBCD, melamine, urea, APP (ammonium polyphosphate), TCEP (tris (chloroethyl) phosphate), TCPP (tris (chloropropyl) phosphate), TDCPP (tris (dichloroisopropyl) phosphate), TPP (triphenyl phosphate), TEHP (tris- (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate), TKP (tricresyl phosphate), ITP ("isopropylated triphenyl phosphate"), mono-, bis- and tris (isopropylphenyl) phosphates of varying degrees of isopropylation, RDP (resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate)), BDP (bisphenol A bis (diphenyl phosphate)), ATH (aluminum hydroxide), MDH (magnesium hydroxide), ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) and phosphate ((NH 4 ) 2 PO 4 ).

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung kann die Verstärkungsschicht ein flächiges Fasergebilde umfassen oder daraus bestehen. Prinzipiell können hierfür sämtliche Arten von Fasern verwendet werden, die dem Fachmann zur Verstärkung von Dekorschichten bekannt sind. Dies sind beispielsweise Fasern aus Quarz, Glas, Kohlenstoff, Aramid oder anderen schwerbrennbaren Kunststoffen, Fasern aus Aluminiumoxid oder anderen anorganischen Materialien oder Mischungen hiervon. Die Fasergebilde können gewebt oder ungewebt sein und beispielsweise als Vlies, Gewebe und / oder Gelege zum Einsatz kommen. Besonders bevorzugt umfasst die Verstärkungsschicht ein Glaserfaservlies, Gewebe und / oder Gelege oder besteht aus den vorgenannten Fasergebilden, vorzugsweise in Form eines schwerentflammbaren, mit schwerentflammbaren Füllstoffen ausgerüsteten und mit Melaminharz imprägnierten Glasfaservlieses. Es können auch zwei, drei oder mehr Verstärkungsschichten verwendet werden.In the context of the present invention, the reinforcing layer may comprise or consist of a flat fiber structure. In principle, all types of fibers known to those skilled in the art for reinforcing decorative layers can be used for this purpose. These are, for example, fibers of quartz, glass, carbon, aramid or other flame-retardant plastics, fibers of alumina or other inorganic materials or mixtures thereof. The fiber structures may be woven or unwoven and used, for example, as a nonwoven, woven fabric and / or scrim. Particularly preferably, the reinforcing layer comprises a Glaserfaservlies, tissue and / or scrim or consists of the aforementioned fiber structures, preferably in the form of a flame-retardant, equipped with flame-retardant fillers and impregnated with melamine resin fiberglass mat. Two, three or more reinforcing layers can also be used.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Tür ist die Verstärkungsschicht zwischen zwei Papierlagen angeordnet, wobei eine Papierlage vorzugsweise ein mit einem wässrigen Melaminharz imprägniertes Zellulosepapier ist. Hierdurch kann beispielsweise ein Ausfransen an der Verstärkungsschicht verhindert werden. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Baustoffplatte ist zumindest die mit der Deckschicht versehene Papierlage bedruckt, eingefärbt und/oder strukturiert. Auf diese Weise kann dem Türblatt nahezu jede mögliche optische Gestaltung verliehen werden. Das Bedrucken kann beispielsweise über ein Siebdruckverfahren erfolgen. Zur Erzeugung einer Oberflächenstrukturierung können dem Fachmann hierfür an sich bekannte Prägetechniken zum Einsatz kommen.In the door according to the invention, the reinforcing layer is arranged between two paper layers, wherein a paper layer is preferably a cellulose paper impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin. As a result, for example, fraying on the reinforcing layer can be prevented. In a further embodiment of the building material panel according to the invention, at least the paper layer provided with the cover layer is printed, dyed and / or structured. In this way, the door leaf can be given almost any possible optical design. The printing can be done for example via a screen printing process. to Generation of a surface structuring can be used by a person skilled in the art for embossing techniques known per se.

Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Türblatts sind die Verstärkungsschicht und die Papierlagen mit einem Melaminharz verklebt. Dem Melaminharz können zusätzlich Füllstoffe zugesetzt sein, insbesondere anorganische Füllstoffe wie Gips, Kreide oder dergleichen sowie Mischungen von diesen.According to another preferred embodiment of the door leaf, the reinforcing layer and the paper layers are glued to a melamine resin. In addition, fillers may be added to the melamine resin, in particular inorganic fillers such as gypsum, chalk or the like, as well as mixtures of these.

Die Befestigung des Tragrahmens am Türblatt erfolgt vorzugsweise durch Verkleben. Ferner kann aus optischen Gründen der Tragrahmen an seinen Außenflächen mit einem nicht brennbaren Dekormaterial versehen sein.The attachment of the support frame on the door leaf is preferably done by gluing. Furthermore, for aesthetic reasons, the support frame may be provided on its outer surfaces with a non-combustible decorative material.

Weitere Einzelheiten, Merkmale und Vorteile des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnung, deren einzige Figur einen Querschnitt durch eine Anschlagtür zeigt, die nicht einen Teil der Erfindung, sondern einen Stand der Technik darstellt, der das Verständnis der Erfindung erleichtert.Further details, features and advantages of the subject invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, the single figure shows a cross section through a stopper door, which is not part of the invention, but a prior art, which facilitates the understanding of the invention ,

Die dargestellte nicht brennbare Baustofftür T ist in bekannter Weise in eine Türzarge 1 mittels Scharnieren 2 schwenkbar eingesetzt und mittels einer Schließeinrichtung 3 verriegelbar. Die Tür T weist ein Türblatt 4 auf, das von einem Tragrahmen R aus Metallprofilen 5 allseitig umgeben ist. Der Tragrahmen R deckt die oberen und unteren horizontalen Kanten und Ränder sowie die seitlichen vertikalen Kanten und Ränder des Türblatts 4 ab und ist mit diesen über eine Silikonverklebung 6 fest verbunden.The illustrated non-combustible building material door T is pivotally inserted in a door frame 1 by means of hinges 2 in a known manner and can be locked by means of a locking device 3. The door T has a door leaf 4 which is surrounded on all sides by a support frame R made of metal profiles 5. The support frame R covers the upper and lower horizontal edges and edges as well as the lateral vertical edges and edges of the door leaf 4 and is firmly connected to these by a silicone bond 6.

Jedes einzelne, den Tragrahmen R bildende Metallprofil 5 ist im Querschnitt U-förmig gestaltet und weist freie, parallel zu den Hauptflächen des Türblatts 4 sich erstreckende Schenkel auf, zwischen denen sich ein Steg 7 erstreckt, der die Seitenflächen des Türblatts 4 abdeckt. Die Metallprofile 5 werden durch mehrfaches Verformen eines einzelnen langgestreckten Metallstreifens hergestellt, an dem durch geeignetes Abkanten sowohl die beiden freien Schenkel als auch der Steg 7 ausgebildet sind. Zudem sind die Enden der freien Schenkel mit einer 180° Falzung, die zeichnerisch dargestellt ist, versehen, wobei die Richtung der Falzung derart ist, dass die umgefalzten Flächen unter Zwischenlage der Silikonverklebung 6 an den Randflächen des Türblattes 4 flächig anliegen und dort verklebt sind.Each individual, the supporting frame R forming metal profile 5 is U-shaped in cross-section and has free, parallel to the main surfaces of the door leaf 4 extending legs, between which a web 7 extends, covering the side surfaces of the door panel 4. The metal profiles 5 are produced by multiple deformation of a single elongated metal strip on which both the two free legs and the web 7 are formed by suitable folding. In addition, the ends of the free legs with a 180 ° fold, which is shown in the drawing, provided, wherein the direction of the fold is such that the folded surfaces with the interposition of the Silikonverklebung 6 lie flat against the edge surfaces of the door panel 4 and are glued there.

Der Steg 7 weist eine vom Türblatt weggerichtete Einbuchtung auf, die der Aufnahme eines Streifens 8 aus einem nicht brennbaren Material dient. Der Streifen 8 kann außerdem mit einer dekorativen Kantenabdeckung ausgestaltet sein. Die beschriebenen Metallprofile 5 werden zur Herstellung des Tragrahmens R miteinander verschweißt.The web 7 has a recess directed away from the door leaf, which serves to receive a strip 8 made of a non-combustible material. The strip 8 can also be designed with a decorative edge cover. The described metal profiles 5 are welded together to produce the support frame R.

Das Türblatt 4 selbst besitzt einen Kern aus einer Baustoffplatte 9, die aus einem gepressten silikatischen Material unter Verwendung von Kalk, Vermiculite, Sand, Glimmer, Wasser und Zuschlagstoffen besteht, auf denen mittels eines lösungsmittelfreien anorganischen Klebers 10 eine Dekorschicht 11 aufgeklebt ist. Die Dekorschicht 11 besteht aus einer Verstärkungsschicht 12 in Form eines Glasfasergewebes und einer bedruckten Papierlage 13, die mittels eines Melaminharzes aufeinander laminiert sind. Schließlich ist die Papierlage 13 mit einer Deckschicht 14 aus Melaminharz abgedeckt. In der beschriebenen Weise sind beide Hauptflächen des Türblattes 4 mit einer Dekorschicht 11 versehen.The door leaf 4 itself has a core of a building material 9, which consists of a pressed silicate material using lime, vermiculite, sand, mica, water and aggregates on which by means of a solvent-free inorganic adhesive 10, a decorative layer 11 is adhered. The decorative layer 11 consists of a reinforcing layer 12 in the form of a glass fiber fabric and a printed paper layer 13, which are laminated to one another by means of a melamine resin. Finally, the paper layer 13 is covered with a cover layer 14 of melamine resin. In the manner described, both main surfaces of the door leaf 4 are provided with a decorative layer 11.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

TT
Türdoor
RR
Tragrahmensupporting frame
11
Türzargedoor frame
22
Scharnierehinges
33
Schließeinrichtungclosing device
44
Türblattdoor leaf
55
Metallprofilemetal profiles
66
Silikonverklebungsilicone adhesive
77
Stegweb
88th
Streifenstrip
99
Baustoffplatte/KernBuilding materials plate / core
1010
KleberGlue
1111
Dekorschichtdecorative layer
1212
Verstärkungsschichtreinforcing layer
1313
Papierlagepaper layer
1414
Deckschichttopcoat

Claims (14)

  1. A door (T) comprising a door leaf (4) in form of a composite structure provided with a core and a cover layer, wherein
    - the core consists of a construction material plate (9) made of a mineral, siliceous material, which plate comprises two main surfaces arranged opposite each other, wherein at least one of the main surfaces is provided with a pasted, non-flammable decorative layer (11),
    characterized in
    - that the decorative layer (11) comprises at least one reinforcement layer (12) which is arranged between two layers of paper (13), wherein each layer of paper (13) is preferably a cellulose paper impregnated with an aqueous melamine resin, and a cover layer (14) applied on one of the layers of paper (13), the decorative layer (11) being glued on the construction material plate (9) with the surface that is facing away from the cover layer (14), and
    - that the construction material plate (9) with the decorative layer (11) thereof is provided with metal profiles (5) forming a closed support frame (R) at the circumferential edges and borders.
  2. A door according to claim 1, characterized in that the construction material plate (9) is made of a siliceous material, preferably in combination with gypsum and/or a fibre material, for example cellulose fibres.
  3. A door according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the siliceous material contains perlites or is made of these ones.
  4. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction material plate (9) comprises a density of 800 kg/m3 or less, in particular 700 kg/m3 or less.
  5. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction material plate (9) is manufactured by pressing the siliceous material.
  6. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decorative layer (11) is glued on the construction material plate (9) by means of a solvent-free, inorganic adhesive (10).
  7. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decorative layer (11) is directly glued on the construction material plate (9).
  8. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cover layer (14) comprises a melamine resin or is made of this one, wherein the cover layer (14) preferably contains a flame retardant and/or is equipped with this one.
  9. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (12) comprises a flat fibre structure or is made of this one, in particular a fleece, a woven fabric and/or a mat of glass fibres, preferably in form of a hardly inflammable glass fibre fleece provided with hardly combustible filling materials and impregnated with melamine resin.
  10. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the layer of paper (13) provided with the cover layer (14) is printed, coloured and/or structured.
  11. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcement layer (12) and the layers of paper (13) are glued with a melamine resin, wherein the melamine resin preferably contains filling materials, in particular inorganic filling materials such as gypsum, chalk or mixtures of these ones.
  12. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction material plate meets the requirements of the construction material class A1 or A2 according to DIN 4102-1 (May 1998) paragraph 5.
  13. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support frame (R) is formed by metal profiles (5) which are connected to each other and the section of which is essentially U-shaped, the free legs of which encompass the edges of the door leaf (4) and are glued with these ones.
  14. A door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support frame (R) is provided with an incombustible decorative material (8).
EP15188485.5A 2014-11-20 2015-10-06 Non-combustible material door Active EP3023570B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15188485T PL3023570T3 (en) 2014-11-20 2015-10-06 Non-combustible material door

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202014105591.6U DE202014105591U1 (en) 2014-11-20 2014-11-20 Non-combustible building material door

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3023570A1 EP3023570A1 (en) 2016-05-25
EP3023570B1 true EP3023570B1 (en) 2018-09-26

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Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP3023570B1 (en)
DE (1) DE202014105591U1 (en)
PL (1) PL3023570T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016101223U1 (en) * 2016-03-07 2017-06-08 Holzbau Schmid Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for closing an opening for fire protection purposes

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7032003U (en) * 1970-08-27 1970-12-17 Novopan Gmbh NON-COMBUSTIBLE STRUCTURE, IN PARTICULAR PANEL.
US4126725A (en) * 1975-10-31 1978-11-21 Hopeman Brothers, Inc. High pressure laminates
FR2706521B1 (en) * 1993-06-14 1995-07-21 Parelec Fireproof panel.
JPH07293127A (en) * 1994-04-20 1995-11-07 Tateshina Seisakusho:Kk Wooden fire door
DE29615201U1 (en) * 1996-08-31 1996-12-12 Fachverband Glasdach Und Metal Double-leaf glass door with central stop for fire protection purposes
AT406286B (en) * 1998-06-02 2000-03-27 Degelsegger Walter Ing FIRE PROTECTION DOOR WITH A GLAZED DOOR LEAF
US20030033786A1 (en) * 2001-08-17 2003-02-20 Leon Yulkowski Fire door assembly
DE102004049632B4 (en) * 2004-10-11 2008-07-31 Basf Se Composite layer panel for fire doors
CN201802266U (en) * 2009-12-28 2011-04-20 施永耿 Novel fire-proof and burglar-proof door structure
DE202011002155U1 (en) * 2011-01-31 2011-04-07 Holzbau Schmid Gmbh & Co. Kg Coated building material plate
DE202012104480U1 (en) * 2012-11-20 2014-02-25 Holzbau Schmid Gmbh & Co. Kg Wood veneer and veneered building board

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DE202014105591U1 (en) 2016-02-23
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