EP3023210A2 - Device and method for the treatment of distributable goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of scatterable good (21, 22) by means of pressure and heat with a) at least one bunker for storing the spreadable product (21, 22), b) a spreading device for the metered dispensing of spreadable goods (21, 22) from the bunker, c) a conveyor on which the spreadable material (21, 22) is streubar and d) a device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction (19) supplied spreadable Guts (21, 22) with pressure and heat, characterized in that the bunker (12) transversely to the conveying direction a plurality of chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3) which can be filled with scatterable material (21, 22) which differs in its physical or chemical properties. In order to be able to provide the grit mat in the transverse profile in a simple manner different physical and / or chemical properties, it is proposed that the bunker (12) transversely to the conveying direction a plurality of chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3), which in with its physical or chemical properties different scatterable good (21, 22) are filled.

Description

1. a) wenigstens einem Bunker zur Speicherung des streufähigen Guts,
2. b) einer Streueinrichtung zur dosierten Abgabe streufähigen Guts aus dem Bunker,
3. c) einem Förderband, auf das das streufähige Gut streubar ist und
4. d) einer Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung des über das Förderband in einer Förderrichtung zugeführten streufähigen Guts mit Druck und Wärme.

The invention relates to a device for the treatment of scatterable good by means of pressure and heat

1. a) at least one bunker for storing the spreadable good,
2. b) a spreading device for the metered dispensing of spreadable material from the bunker,
3. c) a conveyor to which the spreadable good is streubar and
4. d) a device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied Streussable Guts with pressure and heat.

The invention further relates to a method for the treatment of scatterable good with said device.

The scatterable good scattered on the conveyor belt will be referred to below as a grit mat. These grit mats can have thicknesses of a few millimeters up to one meter. In the invention, the means for applying the supplied via the conveyor belt in a conveying direction spreadable Guts (ie the spreading material mat) with pressure and heat usually realized by a double belt press. Such devices are often used for two purposes. Once they are created by products from pressed streuförmigem Good. The invention focuses on the production of particleboard or fiberboard, as for example from the EP 1 236 552 B1 is known.

Alternatively, such devices are used for drainage of scatterable good. The invention relates here by way of example to the dewatering of coal, as they are known from DE 100 16 944 A1 is known.

About the pressure of the grit mat is thus compressed and pressed and the heat supply binders are liquefied or moisture evaporated.

In both applications, it is sometimes desirable to be able to make variations across the width across the direction of conveyance. So far, in particular an adjustability of the material density came to the train. By way of example, it may be desirable in the manufacture of particle boards to provide areas of furniture particle board with higher density and thus strength, where hinges are later to be attached, while the remainder of the boards should be as light as possible.

Such cross profile settings have been made in a complex manner on the dosing of the scatterers. Valves or spreader rollers of a so-called spreader head were controlled in their opening size or speed to distribute the usually lignocellulosic material evenly or deliberately unevenly across the width. These methods have not been particularly satisfactory because they are highly dependent on the consistency of the spreadable material in terms of particle size, density, moisture, u.v.m. depend.

The object of the invention is therefore to be able to give the spreading material mat in the transverse profile in a simple manner different physical and / or chemical properties.

With regard to the device, the object is achieved in that the bunker transversely to the conveying direction has a plurality of chambers which are filled with different in its physical or chemical properties streufähigem good.

This gives the possibility to sprinkle "different" scatterable good on the conveyor belt transversely to the conveying direction. In this case, "different" means that the same material exists in all chambers, but in a different physical form, that is, for example, unequal in particle size. Or "different" means that actually in the chambers chemically different streuförmiges Good is present or in one of the chambers at least one additive is attached. After sprinkling onto the conveyor belt, there are spreading material mats which have different physical properties, for example in terms of density or degree of drying, transverse to the conveying direction, or grit mats in which different chemical properties occur over the width. The decisive factor here is that the material of the scattered material changes from chamber to chamber. Thus, the physical and / or chemical properties of the spreading material mat also change across the width and, accordingly, the resulting end product is also influenced.

For both exemplified in the input description applications, there are significant benefits. In the production of panels, for example, the strength properties, the specific weight or the thickness can be influenced much more easily across the width than was previously possible.

In the drainage of scatterable good, here for example coal, in a limited way but also in the production of chipboard, in which the trapped moisture to evaporate by heat, can be prevented by an admixture of stabilizing additives that the grit mat during the pressing process on Edge crumbles, so can escape the pressing pressure and thus is not or hardly drained on the edge.

Therefore, it is advantageous if the bunker has at least two marginal chambers and at least one middle chamber transversely to the conveying direction of the conveyor belt. The marginal chambers would be filled in the drainage case of coal, just like the middle chambers with coal, but they would, for example, additionally added wood chips. These prevent the crumbling of the coal in the double belt press at the edges. They have no negative influence on the resulting from the coal later combustion product.

Preferably, the chambers on scatterable good with average different particle sizes. Particles in this context are to be understood as meaning all particles, grains, pieces and the like of the scattered good. In the production of chipboard, the chambers could advantageously have different chip sizes. In addition, the chambers can contain chips with various concentrations of binders to produce specific areas of different strengths. In this way can be saved considerably in terms of material and expensive binders.

It is advantageous if several bunkers are arranged with several chambers in the conveying direction one behind the other. This results in even more variations in terms of a different property structure of the grit mat. It is particularly preferred that the individual chambers are not aligned from bunker to bunker but offset from one another. As a result, the grit material mat to be compacted, regardless of whether it is intended for plate production or drainage, can be specifically provided with different physical or chemical properties not only across the width but also across the thickness.

Preferably, when connecting several bunkers in series, a plurality of scattering devices and conveyor belts assigned to the bunkers are also provided. In this way, the individual layers of the resulting spreading material mat can be selectively brought together with pressure and heat only before the inlet into the device for acting on the spreadable material supplied via the conveyor belts.

Advantageously, the device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat to a continuous press for pressing the grit mats to a final product. These presses are tried and used in a known manner. The achievable pressures for dewatering coal should be up to 6 MPa.

Preferably, the press comprises a lower heated press plate or hot plate, an upper heated press plate or hot plate and each endlessly circulating steel belts. This material ensures a long service life of the press with high heatability up to 240 ° C.

Preferably, an exhaust system is installed laterally of the grit mat for the resulting steam within the press. This allows the spreading material mat to be dewatered even more effectively.

Advantageously, it is ensured that the conveyor belts and / or steel belts are permeable to water. The drainage of the grit mat to form a plate or just to dehydration is then given over the entire working width.

Preferably, a pre-treatment station is provided in front of the device for acting on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat. In an advantageous development, the invention thus proposes that a spreading material mat and / or a further spreading material mat be pretreated in this pretreatment device before the merging. This may be a pretreatment device for smoothing, trimming, steaming, preheating, pre-compacting and / or leveling. As a result, slight unevenness in the scattering can be compensated with physically or chemically different scattered particles.

• vor der Behandlung wenigstens zwei Kammern mit in ihren physikalischen oder chemischen Eigenschaften unterschiedlichen streufähigen Gütern zumindest teilweise befüllt werden,
• anschließend die streufähigen Güter über wenigstens eine Streueinrichtung zu wenigstens einer Streugutmatte auf wenigstens ein Förderband gestreut werden,
• und schließlich die Streugutmatte in einer Einrichtung zur Beaufschlagung des zugeführten streufähigen Guts mit Druck und Wärme zu einem Endprodukt entwässert und geformt wird.

In terms of method, the object is achieved with the device described above in that

• before the treatment at least two chambers are at least partially filled with diffused goods in their physical or chemical properties,
• then the scatterable goods are scattered over at least one spreading device to at least one spreading material mat on at least one conveyor belt,
• and finally, the spreading material mat is dewatered and molded in a means for pressurizing and feeding the supplied spreadable product to a final product.

It is advantageous according to the invention, if the at least one scattering device scatters different spreadable goods in the conveying direction of the conveyor belt side by side to a spreading material mat. In this way, a grit mat is produced which has desired different chemical or physical properties in width.

Preferably, the grit mat is first passed through a pretreatment station to aid the treatment process. Here, leveling of the spreading material mat can take place. For example, the edge can be additionally compressed.

Figur 1

eine schematische, teilweise geschnittene Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Figur 2

eine detailliertere Darstellung der Streueinrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und

Figur 3

eine schematische Erläuterung der Ausgestaltung des Bunkers der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments with reference to the drawing (s). In this shows

FIG. 1

a schematic, partially sectioned view of a device according to the invention,

FIG. 2

a more detailed representation of the scattering device of the device according to the invention and

FIG. 3

a schematic explanation of the embodiment of the bunker of the device according to the invention.

FIG. 1 shows a simplified representation of an apparatus for the production of fiberboard, z. B. MDF plates, with a first spreader 2a for generating a first gritting mat 3a on a first conveyor belt 4a and a second spreader 2b for generating a second grit mat 3b on a second conveyor belt 4b and with a continuous press 5 for common pressing of the grit mats 3a, 3b to a final product 1, in this example a wood-based panel. The fact that the spreading material mats 3a, 3b are produced on the first conveyor belt 4a and on the second conveyor belt 4b first of all includes the possibility that the mats 3a, 3b are sprinkled directly onto these conveyor belts. On the conveyor belts 4a, 4b produce or apply to the conveyor belts 4a, 4b but also includes the possibility that the mats 3a, 3b first be sprinkled on separate, upstream conveyor and then passed to the first and second conveyor belt 4a, 4b. In the apparatus 1 for the treatment of scatterable Good 21, 22 by means of pressure and heat, it is a continuous press 5, which in its basic structure of a lower heated press plate or hot plate 6, an upper heated press plate or hot plate. 7 and each endlessly circulating steel strips 8, which are supported with the interposition of rolling rods 9 against the press plates 6, 7 and form a press nip 10 and an inlet mouth 11. The steel bands 8 are often porous and permeable to water.

The two conveyors 4a, 4b associated spreaders 2a, 2b have gem. FIG. 2 in each case a merely indicated bunker 12 with a scattering device 13. The bunkers will be in conjunction with the description of FIG. 3 shown in more detail. The scattering device 13 consists essentially of a metering belt 14 and a plurality of metering and / or opening rollers 15. In this case, the spreading material is fed via a bunker belt or distributor belt 12a to the metering and / or opening rollers 15, which essentially dissolve spreading material compacts. Within the scattering device 13, the spreadable material 21, 22 is sprinkled on a end adjacent and above the respective conveyor belt 4a or 4b arranged scattering head 16. The scattering head is designed as Siebstreukopf 16 with a sieve bottom surface 17 and a plurality of the predetermined distance above the sieve bottom surface 17 arranged stirring elements 18 with a predetermined stirring width. For further details of Siebstreukopfes 16 is on the WO 03/053642 A1 directed.

With the help of the two spreading machines 2 a, 2 b shown, a spreading material mat 3 a, 3 b is respectively produced on the associated conveyor belts 4 a, 4 b. In the illustration, the two spreading machines 2 a, 2 b each scatter directly onto the conveyor belt 4 a, 4 b projecting into the inlet opening 11. However, it is also possible for the spreading machines 2a, 2b to sprinkle onto a conveyor belt (not shown) arranged upstream of the conveyor belts 4a, 4b, of which the spreading material mats are then also applied or transferred to the conveyor belt 4a, 4b projecting into the inlet jaw.

With the same FIG. 1 but can also be a device for the treatment of scatterable Good 21, 22 are represented by means of pressure and heat in the form of a dewatering device. The design is almost identical. Only the spreader 13 does not have to be formed as complex as for the production of a fiberboard. In such a device, for example, coal is scattered on one or more conveyor belts 4a, 4b and then compacted in the press 5 and dried. It should be noted that in contrast to the production of chipboard for pressing coal pressures up to 6 MPa must be used. The end product 1 in this case is a pressed fuel.

In the FIGS. 1 and 2 In addition, it is indicated that a pretreatment station 27, 28 is arranged downstream of the two spreading machines 2a, 2b. These can each z. B. a Skalpiereinheit 29 and a pre-compression unit, for. B. a pre-press 30, have. In many cases, it also makes sense to support the dewatering process by a steam extraction device.

FIG. 3 now increasingly explains the actual invention. She shows that in the FIGS. 1 and 2 only partially indicated bunker 12 in cross section to the conveying direction 19. The bunker 12 extends substantially over the entire width of the grit material to be formed 3. He is in this Embodiment divided into 3 chambers 20.1, 20.2, 20.3. This number is not binding for the invention. It may well be provided more chambers. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3 There are two marginal chambers 20.1 and 20.3, which contain a first scatterable good 21. The middle chamber is filled with a second spreadable Good 22. In this case, the scatterable good 21 and the scatterable good 22 may well be formed at least partially of the same material. However, the first distributable good 21 and the second distributable good 22 differ in their physical or chemical properties.

For example, the chambers 20.1 and 20.3 in the production of chipboard wood shavings smaller size than chamber 20.2. This increases the spreading density at the edge. In another example of dewatering lignite, all of the chambers 20.1, 20.2, 20.3 may be filled with coal. In addition, the marginal chambers 20.1 and 20.3 still contain wood chips in order to solidify the scattered mat during the passage through the press and to prevent it from crumbling laterally.

The chambers each have a separate chamber supply 23.1, 23.2, 23.3 with scatterable Good 21, 22, the in FIG. 3 only symbolically indicated. Similarly, the scattering device 13, with the description to FIG. 1 and 2 has already been shown in more detail, indicated that the ajar to the number of chambers can also be divided into several separate scattering devices 13.1, 13.2, 13.3.

The spreadable material 21, 22 is scattered over the scattering devices 13.1, 13.2, 13.3 on the conveyor belt 4 and forms a spreading material 3 from the chemically or physically different scatterable goods 21, 22. These goods are in the conveying direction 19 of the conveyor belt 4, if necessary slightly overlapping next to each other and yet only produce a grit mat 3.

From the illustrated embodiments may be departed from in many ways, without departing from the spirit of the invention. In particular, devices for the treatment of other plate-shaped Endprodukte1 as wood fiber or carbon plates are conceivable, which are pressed and produced from scatterable Good 21, 22.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

end product

2, 2a, 2b

spreader

3, 3a, 3b

grit mat

4, 4a, 4b

conveyor belt

5

Device for applying the supplied spreadable product with pressure and heat, press

6

heating plate

7

heating plate

8th

steel strip

9

roll bar

10

press nip

11

inlet opening

12

bunker

13

scattering device

13.1, 13.2, 13.3

14

dosing

15

Dosing and / or opening roller

16

Siebstreukopf

17

sieve bottom

18

stirrer

19

Conveying direction (arrow)

20.1, 20.2, 20.3

chamber

21

Scatterable good 1

22

Scatterable good 2

23.1, 23.2, 23.3

chamber supply

26

suction

27

pretreatment station

28

pretreatment station

29

Skalpiereinheit

30

Vorverdichtungseinheit

Claims (15)

Device for the treatment of scatterable Good (21, 22) by means of pressure and heat with a) at least one bunker for storing the spreadable product (21, 22), b) a spreading device for the metered dispensing of spreadable goods (21, 22) from the bunker, c) a conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) to which the spreadable material (21, 22) is streubar and d) a device (5) for acting on the conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) in a conveying direction (19) supplied spreadable Guts (21, 22) with pressure and heat, characterized in that the bunker (12) transversely to Conveying a plurality of chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3) which are filled with different in its physical or chemical properties streufähigem Good (21, 22). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the bunker transversely to the conveying direction (19) of the conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) at least two edge chambers (20.1, 20.3) and at least one middle chamber (20.2). Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the chambers have spreadable Good (21, 22) with average different particle sizes. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the chambers have spreadable Good (21, 22) with at least partially different chemical particles. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plurality of bunkers with a plurality of chambers in the conveying direction (19) are arranged one behind the other. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of bunkers associated with spreaders and conveyor belts (4, 4a, 4b) are provided. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is in the means for applying the on the conveyor belt in a conveying direction (19) supplied spreadable Guts (21, 22) with pressure and heat to a continuous press (5) for Pressing the spreading material mats (3, 3a, 3b) to a final product (1) is. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the press (5) comprises a lower heated press plate or heating plate (6), an upper heated press plate or heating plate (7) and each endlessly circulating steel bands (8). Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that within the press (5) side of a grit mat (3, 3a, 3b), a suction device (26) is installed Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the conveyor belts (4, 4a, 4b) and / or steel belts (8) are permeable to water. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that prior to the device for acting on the conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) in a conveying direction (19) supplied spreadable Guts (21, 22) with pressure and heat, a pretreatment station ( 27, 28) is provided. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the pre-treatment station (27, 28) serves for smoothing, trimming, steaming, preheating, pre-compacting and / or leveling. A method for the treatment of scatterable good with a device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that - before the treatment, at least two chambers (20.1, 20.2, 20.3) are at least partially filled with scatterable goods (21, 22) which differ in their physical or chemical properties, - Then the spreadable goods (21, 22) via at least one scattering device (13, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3) to at least one spreading material mat (3, 3a, 3b) on at least one conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) are scattered - And finally the litter mat (3, 3a, 3b) in a means for applying the supplied spreadable Guts with pressure and heat (5) to a final product (1) is dewatered and shaped. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least one spreading device (13, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3) different spreadable goods (21, 22) in the conveying direction (19) of the conveyor belt (4, 4a, 4b) side by side to a spreading material mat (3 , 3a, 3b) scatters. A method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the spreading material mat (3, 3a, 3b) to assist the treatment process initially by a pre-treatment station (27, 28) is guided.

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