EP3019393B1 - Power supply unit, power supply assembly, and water vehicle having a power supply unit or having a power supply assembly - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a portable, compact power supply unit, a power supply arrangement and a watercraft with a power supply unit and / or with a power supply arrangement.

State of the art

From the publication DE 10 2008 031 698 A1 is a buoyant harbor power supply - a so-called "power barge" - known. According to the local disclosure, components of a power supply or of other supply or disposal devices can be combined in a modular manner in a combined manner on a barge or a lighter, so that the barges can be configured according to the desired application. The components or modules are preferably designed as transport containers. The task is to prevent the formation of soot and carbon dioxide by ships in the harbor, in particular seagoing vessels, by supplying them, instead of producing their own energy, with the marine machinery from the "power barge" in an environmentally friendly manner, which is used as fuel by the latter LNG. The individual components of the port power supply described are combined in any variation on the lighter combined. Such a equipped lighter can be used for different supply and / or disposal tasks. A disadvantage of such "power barges" is the need to provide a separate berth for the lighter and a line connection between the lighter and the ship to be supplied.

In the publication DE 103 36 792 A1 an energy generating device is shown, in which a generator including driving gas turbine is housed in a standard container. Other standard containers include supply and exhaust air devices, cooling devices, electrical power and control devices, a fuel assembly and a fuel tank. The containers are separately portable and join together to operate the power plant. For the drive the gas turbine is preferably provided light fuel oil. This energy generating device is used for energy supply on offshore platforms and ships, in particular on refrigerated container ships. A particularly low-emission operation is not mentioned or provided in the presentation of this document. It also turns out that the construction and dismantling of the power generation device described are too costly for a frequent transfer from one location to another, and the ready-to-use energy generating device has an unfavorable, bulky shape which makes its use more difficult and inflexible.

The publication US 7 122 913 B2 describes a modular power supply whose components are housed in a standard container transportable. The container contains a fuel-powered engine, a generator, an electrical control and a cable drum. The fuel tank is set up separately. The power supply is designed to provide power to the port or docked ships to reduce air pollution. This is a list of power supply on land, z. As in the dock or quay, described, and the power supply with the help of a crane, a forklift truck or a truck can be implemented and transported. This results in the need to provide a separate location for the power supply on the one hand and the fuel tank on the other hand and a line connection between the power supply and the ship to be supplied.

In the publication US 3,602,730 a portable power supply installed in a freight container is provided for providing electrical energy to a plurality of further freight containers, e.g. B. refrigerated container, described on board a container ship. In this way, the power supply for a voyage can be stowed together with the freight containers to be supplied on or below deck. The power supply contains in each container summarized at least one diesel engine, at least one generator coupled thereto and at least one permanently installed fuel tank and is provided for supplying energy to the freight container during a voyage, but not for connection to an electrical system of the container ship. This is to obtain a more effective power supply of the freight container, as it is possible by connecting these freight containers to the electrical system of the container ship. The built-in Fuel tanks are sized so that the fuel supply is sufficient for the voyage. In the described power supply refueling for operation as a harbor power supply is too cumbersome. Also, the diesel fuel no longer meets the stricter environmental regulations for operation in the port.

The publication WO 2010 019 158 A1 shows a housed in an ISO container and mounted on a railway car chassis power generation module, the engine, generator, fuel tank and power supply includes. The Verlastung on railway cars is preferred here because of the heavy weight of the power generation module. The fuel supply can be done via an externally connected tank car.

In the publication US 2012/102929 A1 a modular power generation system will be described wherein all of its components, such as energy generation, conversion and storage devices, and an integrated exhaust gas treatment facility are housed in an ISO shipping container.

From the publication EP 1 426 307 A1 is a modular power supply system known which a drive or. Power module (power generating device) and an external process module (heat recovery elements, cooling elements, turbocharger elements, air intake elements, exhaust system elements, fuel storage elements or aftertreatment elements), wherein the drive or. Power module in an ISO container and the external process module are housed in a frame. The two modules can be connected to each other.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION: Problem, Solution, Advantages

The invention has the object to provide a power supply unit that is easier, faster and more flexible to handle and thus offers greater ease of use, especially when used on ships, preferably container ships.

• wenigstens eine mit Gas, insbesondere Erdgas, betreibbare Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103),
• wenigstens einen von der wenigstens einen Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) antreibbaren Generator (103) zur Stromerzeugung,
• wenigstens eine Steuerungseinrichtung für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) und/oder wenigstens eine Steuerungseinrichtung für den wenigstens einen Generator (103),
• wenigstens eine Brennstoffaufbereitungseinrichtung für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) und/oder wenigstens eine Abgasreinigungseinrichtung (109; 209) für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103), und
• wenigstens eine Brennstoffspeichereinrichtung (112), wobei der Brennstoff der Brennstoffspeichereinrichtung (112) Gas, insbesondere Erdgas, ist, welches bevorzugt als Flüssiggas, besonders bevorzugt als LNG, vorliegt.

This object is achieved by a transportable and compact power supply unit for supplying a watercraft, in particular a vehicle electrical system of the watercraft, with electrical energy and in particular for placement on the watercraft, containing in a transport container or a plurality of interconnected transport containers, wherein the transport container or the plurality of transport containers are transportable as a single, contiguous unit:

• at least one internal combustion engine (103) operable with gas, in particular natural gas,
• at least one of the at least one internal combustion engine (103) drivable generator (103) for generating electricity,
• at least one control device for the at least one internal combustion engine (103) and / or at least one control device for the at least one generator (103),
• at least one fuel processing device for the at least one internal combustion engine (103) and / or at least one exhaust gas purification device (109; 209) for the at least one internal combustion engine (103), and
• at least one fuel storage device (112), wherein the fuel of the fuel storage device (112) is gas, in particular natural gas, which is preferably present as a liquid gas, particularly preferably as LNG.

The invention thus provides a power supply unit which is designed to supply a watercraft, in particular an electrical system of the watercraft, with electrical energy. Furthermore, the power supply unit can preferably be arranged directly on board the watercraft to be supplied with electrical energy, ie placed. If the power supply unit is also intended to supply other consumers located outside the vessel with electrical energy, it is advantageous for the power unit to be installed on that vessel which is mainly, ie at least supplied with the majority, of the energy supplied by the power unit. In this way, complex connections are avoided outboard this vessel. Preference is given to an exclusive supply of power to a single vessel, as will be described below. In principle, it would also be possible for the power supply unit is designed in addition to supplying consumers outside of watercraft.

In the context of the present invention is generally understood by a watercraft located on the water or intended to stay on or in the water or trained, preferably buoyant, but also fixed unit or plant that is z. B. a ship, but also an offshore platform u. al .; In particular, a seagoing vessel, particularly preferably a container seagoing vessel or container ship, is hereby designated, whereby this exemplary entry is by no means to be understood as conclusive.

In the present context, the term transport container generally includes any support structure suitable for carrying the components of the power supply unit. These may preferably be containers or freight containers or container-like or freight container-like carrier structures, which are used in particular in container shipping. The transport containers may be closed containers or other containers. The term transport container also includes open or partially open support structures, such as support frames that are not or only partially covered. Also, in the case of multiple transport containers different or identically designed transport containers can be combined. Transport containers are particularly advantageous in the present context, such containers that are commonly used for the transport of goods on container ships, or at least the dimensions or at least some of the dimensions of the usually used on container ships, especially standardized containers, such as ISO containers have. The term standardized transport container in the present context is to be understood as a carrier structure which has the dimensions of standardized containers, in particular for container shipping. The dimensions may be the same in terms of footprint, height or a combination of both with the standardized containers.

Furthermore, the individual, aforementioned components of the power supply unit are arranged within a transport container or within a plurality of interconnected transport containers. The one transport container or the several, To each other, in particular fixed, connected transport container are designed such that they can be transported as a single, contiguous unit. The plurality of transport containers are interconnected, at least during transport, such that they are transportable as a single unit as a whole. Preferably, the plurality of transport containers are also connected during operation, particularly preferably permanently. Preferably, the transport container and / or the plurality of transport containers are designed such that they can be transported with standardized lifting equipment, in particular standardized lifting device for container ports, such as gantry cranes and / or van carriers.

In particular, the one transport container or the plurality of interconnected transport container form a single unit that transported as a whole to the watercraft, or to other destination location, deposited there and operated and taken out of service as a whole from the watercraft again and z. B. on a quay quay, can be parked until the next use or will. Characterized in that the components are arranged within a transport container or within a plurality of interconnected transport container, the power supply unit is compact. Preferably, the entire power supply unit is arranged exclusively within the transport container or within the plurality of interconnected transport containers.

As an internal combustion engine, any type of gas-operated engine, for example a gas turbine or the like, can be used in the power supply unit. Preferably, the internal combustion engine can be operated exclusively with gas. However, embodiments are also possible in principle in which the internal combustion engine is set up for a dual operation in which the internal combustion engine can be operated with gas and additionally with another fuel, in particular diesel. In particular, the internal combustion engine is operable with natural gas. The internal combustion engine is preferably also with liquid gas, particularly preferably with LNG (so-called "liquid natural gas"), operable. Accordingly, preferably low-emission fuels are used.

Preferably, the power supply unit is designed as a gas-operated cogeneration plant (abbreviated: CHP), whereby a very economical fuel consumption and high overall efficiency of the power supply unit can be achieved because in addition to the generated electrical energy in addition, the waste heat of the internal combustion engine as heat energy to the consumer generated electrical energy or to another consumer.

The invention thus enables a simple and inexpensive operation as well as a simplification, acceleration and flexibilization of handling and transport of the power supply unit and thus offers a greater ease of use, especially when used on watercraft, preferably on ships, particularly preferably on container ships.

Further possible components of the power supply unit are for example a cooling device, in particular for generating a cooling circuit for the internal combustion engine, advantageously comprising a fan, a control cabinet, in which in particular the control device of the internal combustion engine and / or the control device of the generator are arranged, means for adjusting the frequency, the current intensity and / or the voltage, a supply air system for supplying combustion air to the internal combustion engine, fire extinguishing agents, batteries, in particular for intermediate storage of the generated electricity, an exhaust system, and / or Vorhaltungemittel for electrical conductors, in particular a cable drum. The exhaust gas purification device may advantageously comprise a silencer. The cable drum may comprise several, in particular two, cables.

• die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103),
• den wenigstens einen von der wenigstens einen Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) antreibbaren Generator (103) zur Stromerzeugung,
• die wenigstens eine Steuerungseinrichtung für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) und/oder die wenigstens eine Steuerungseinrichtung für den wenigstens einen Generator (103), und
• die wenigstens eine Brennstoffaufbereitungseinrichtung für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103) und/oder die wenigstens eine Abgasreinigungseinrichtung (109; 209) für die wenigstens eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (103),

insbesondere zusammenfassend, enthält,
und wobei die zweite Baueinheit (111)

• die wenigstens eine Brennstoffspeichereinrichtung (112),

enthält.According to the invention, the power supply unit comprises a first unit (101, 201) forming a fixed unit and at least one second unit (111) forming a further fixed unit, wherein the first unit (100, 201)

• the at least one internal combustion engine (103),
• the at least one generator (103) which can be driven by the at least one internal combustion engine (103) for producing electricity,
• the at least one control device for the at least one internal combustion engine (103) and / or the at least one control device for the at least one generator (103), and
• the at least one fuel processing device for the at least one internal combustion engine (103) and / or the at least one exhaust gas purification device (109; 209) for the at least one internal combustion engine (103),

in particular, contains,
and wherein the second structural unit (111)

• the at least one fuel storage device (112),

contains.

As used herein, a unit constituting a fixed unit (in service, as well as for transport and handling) constitutes a fixed unit which, as a whole, is transported, stored and operated there, and in general taken out of service after being taken out of service Watercraft removed again and z. B. is parked on a quay quay until the next use. Such a unit may also, for. For example, to obtain a simplified construction and a reduced, standardized structure, consist of a permanently connected group of containers, in particular transport containers, the term permanently meaning here that this group of containers for operation, transport and handling always remains connected. Thus, building units in the word used here for operation, transport and handling are not modular further decomposable structures, as will be described in more detail below, but always form a single fixed, unmodified unit for operation, transport and handling. However, this does not exclude that connections of the containers in the group of containers mentioned can be basically detachable. So can two or more of the containers to form the said group welded together, but z. B. also be screwed, but a loosening of such fittings in normal operation and transportation or the intended handling of the power supply unit is not provided, but would be displayed at most for maintenance and repair purposes.

According to a preferred embodiment, two units are provided for the formation of the power supply unit, and it will not be required more than these two units. Operation, transport and handling of the power supply unit are thereby significantly simplified. In a preferred variant, the first and the second structural units are detachable from one another during operation and / or for transport and handling and can be docked to one another.

In a variation, in addition to the first unit also z. B. two or more second units may be provided, each having a fuel storage device. In this variation, it is z. B. simply possible to replace one of the second units during operation of the power supply unit, z. B. to exchange an empty fuel storage device by a freshly filled fuel storage device, while the power supply unit from the fuel storage device in the other second unit continues to operate. However, it can be advantageously provided only exactly a first assembly and a second unit, d. H. beyond that, no further building units.

The first and the at least one second structural unit according to the invention are arranged together in a transport container or in a plurality of interconnected transport containers.

In the context of the present invention, the term docking refers to the production of a mechanical and functional connection between two structural units. The units that dock together in this sense, are mechanically stable for a foreseeable period, especially for a period in which an operation of the power supply unit to be made, coupled together or connected. In addition, can be advantageously prepared by docking active compounds, such as in particular electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic or other connections, transitions for persons and the like. In particular The docking preferably also comprises establishing a connection between the at least one internal combustion engine in the first structural unit and the at least one fuel storage device in the second structural unit for feeding the at least one internal combustion engine with fuel from the at least one fuel storage device.

It is particularly advantageous here that the second structural unit comprising the fuel storage device can be easily detached from the first structural unit when the fuel storage device is empty. Likewise, a further second structural unit with a full fuel storage device can be docked to the first structural unit in a simple manner. In this respect, the fuel supply in the power supply, in particular exclusively, by replacing the second units with the fuel storage devices done. Alternatively, however, the fuel storage devices may also be provided by external tanks, e.g. on trucks, to be refilled. This is particularly suitable for versions in which the first and the second structural unit are firmly and non-detachably connected to each other.

Some or all of the possible further components of the power supply unit, in particular the cooling device, the control cabinet, the means for adjusting the frequency, the current and / or voltage, the air supply system, the fire extinguishing agent, the batteries, the exhaust system, and / or the Vorhaltungemittel for electrical conductors are advantageously arranged in the first unit. The second structural unit preferably comprises exclusively the at least one fuel storage device and, moreover, no further components of the power supply unit.

According to the invention, the building units are designed both individually and optionally both docked to each other in predetermined raster storage dimensions standardized transport container.

The term grid-Staumaß while a uniform pitch is referred to, are stowed in the standardized transport container on a means of transport, here a watercraft, especially ship, and fitting to the therefore on this transport certain, standardized recording devices such. As brackets, shafts, pedestals, for the stowage of transport containers only certain Dimensions (for example, a certain base area, or a certain height, possibly in combination with a certain base area) are provided. If necessary, such a raster jam measure represents a limited selection from a number of raster dimensions in which the said standardized transport containers can basically be available.

The units of the power supply unit can then be stowed together with other Transportcontainern same pitch together or at least on such a fit, fit into the standardized recording devices such. As brackets, shafts, pedestals, for the stowage of transport containers, d. H. in container mounts on the means of transport, here the watercraft, especially on the ship, and can there as needed at any point easily, quickly and safely off or implement as it is for the power supply of the vessel or the means of transport or for a drawer - and / or extinguishing work is favorable or necessary.

According to a further embodiment of the power supply unit, those of ISO transport containers are particularly preferably selected as predetermined grid storage dimensions.

According to the invention, therefore, the first and the second structural unit both individually and optionally both are docked to one another in predefined grid storage dimensions of ISO transport containers. Due to the large, worldwide distribution of such transport containers and adapted means of transport or means of handling such a designed power supply unit is flexible and universally applicable.

Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

In a preferred embodiment of the power supply unit, the first unit comprises a first space area, which has the shape of a, in particular standardized, transport container with a length dimension corresponding to a first grid-Staumaß, and in which at least the at least one internal combustion engine and at least one of the at least one internal combustion engine drivable generator for generating electricity are arranged. This first space area is preferably formed directly by such a standardized transport container, particularly preferably an ISO transport container, resulting in a simple, fast, proven and cost-effective production. In addition, this ensures good dust retention and flexible handling during transport and operation.

According to a preferred development of the power supply unit, the second structural unit, in which the at least one fuel storage device is arranged, has the form of a standardized transport container with a length dimension which corresponds to a second screened foam dimension. This ensures that even the second unit taken separately, so separated from the first unit, simple, fast, flexible and safe to handle, transportable and stowable; Also, the production of the second unit is easily, quickly and inexpensively possible by applied for the standardized transport container, proven manufacturing processes, especially the fact that particularly advantageous the second unit is formed directly by such a standardized transport container, particularly preferably by an ISO transport container.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the power supply unit, the first unit comprises a second space area, which has the shape of a standardized transport container with a length dimension corresponding to a third grid, and in which at least the at least one fuel processing device and / or the at least one exhaust gas purification device for at least an internal combustion engine and / or a cooling device for cooling the internal combustion engine and / or a Vorhaltungemittel for electrical conductors, in particular a cable drum, is arranged.

The first and the second space region of the first assembly are preferably in the manner described above permanently, ie forming a fixed unit connected to each other, so for transport, handling and operation not further modularly separable, and are thus always transported together, handled and operated. The third pitch may or may not have a third screen jam in the top given definition, according to which standardized transport containers are manufactured and approved in a number of grid dimensions, of the totality of these grid dimensions, however, only a limited selection as raster storage dimensions, in which transport containers are jammed on the means of transport, is used. This secures the mentioned advantages in the production also for the second space area of the first unit; the second room area can be z. B. initially manufactured separately as a standardized shipping container and anschießend for the production of the first unit with the first space area permanently connected. In addition, as part of the production of the second space preferably preferred its equipment with the at least one fuel processing device and / or the at least one exhaust gas purification device for at least one internal combustion engine made and joined together at least largely pre-assembled space areas, resulting in a further facilitation of manufacturing.

In a further preferred embodiment of the power supply unit, the second spatial region is arranged above the first spatial region. In particular, the second room area is mounted on the first room area. With conventional dimensions and weights of the arranged in the individual areas of space components of the power supply unit a favorable center of gravity and a mechanically stable and stable execution of the first unit are obtained.

According to a preferred development of the power supply unit, the second structural unit can be arranged adjacent to the second spatial area of the first structural unit and the sum of the second grid dam and the third grid size is less than or equal to the first grid dam. Thus, a total length of the second structural unit and the second spatial region of the first structural unit after docking of the second structural unit to the first structural unit measures at most, preferably as much as the length of the first spatial region of the first structural unit. When docking is thus obtained a closed, compact overall size, which ensure easy and flexible handling of the power supply unit. The same advantage arises when the second unit is not detachable and dockable, but is firmly connected to the first unit.

According to the above embodiment, a closed power supply unit advantageously results in an arrangement of standardized transport containers in which, in a preferred first container, which forms the first spatial region of the first structural unit and in a preferred example a 40-foot container according to ISO Norm is that at least one internal combustion engine, preferably a motor, and the at least one generator for power generation are housed. In a second container arranged thereon, preferably a 20-foot container according to the ISO standard, which is fixedly connected to the first container and forms the second spatial region of the first structural unit, is as a preferred example as the at least one fuel processing device and / or at least an exhaust gas purification device for the at least one internal combustion engine installed a so-called "gas processing unit" (GPU). The then free on the first container space is provided for a third container, which can be arranged interchangeable there, forms the second unit and contains a tank for fuel. In this embodiment, the second unit is arranged with the tank for the fuel asymmetrically on the first unit. The GPU preferably includes an evaporator device.

This design makes it particularly well, the entire power supply unit or even the individual units with standardized device such. As a container bridge, a van carrier or the like, crane and movable to make and operate on the vessel, z. As a ship, preferably a container ship to put in a existing there container holder.

According to another embodiment of the power supply unit, the first unit comprises a second, subdivided into two or more subspace areas space area, each of the subspace areas per se preferably has the shape of a standardized transport container with a length dimension corresponding to a fourth, fifth, etc. pitch, and wherein preferably at least one of the at least one fuel processing device and / or the at least one exhaust gas purification device for the at least one internal combustion engine and / or a cooling device for cooling in at least one of the subspace regions the internal combustion engine and / or a Vorhaltungemittel for electrical conductors, in particular a cable drum, is arranged.

In the case of this division of the second spatial region, the statements concerning the one-part second spatial region apply to the properties and advantages of each of the partial spatial regions. In this case, the fourth and / or the fifth, or possibly further grid dimension grid raster dimensions, d. H. a fourth or fifth Raster-Staumaß, be; however, this is not mandatory.

According to a preferred development of the power supply unit, the first space area and the partial space areas of the second space area of the first building unit are connected to one another in a fixed unit, as is also the case for the one-piece second space area. Furthermore, the subspace regions of the second spatial region are advantageously arranged above the first spatial region, so that here too high mechanical strength and a favorable center of gravity result. Particularly preferably, the second structural unit can be arranged between the partial space regions of the second spatial region of the first structural unit and the sum of the second, fourth and fifth grid dam dimensions smaller than or equal to the first grid dam mass.

In this embodiment, the second structural unit with the at least one fuel storage device, ie the tank for the fuel, is arranged substantially or at least almost centrally or symmetrically on the first spatial area of the first structural unit and thus the entire power supply unit, flanked on both sides by at least one of the subspace regions of the second spatial region of the first structural unit. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the second structural unit is arranged eccentrically on the first spatial region of the first structural unit, whereby the subspace region (s) to one side of the second structural unit is narrower than the subspace region (s) to the other side of the second structural unit. In this way, the individual components of the power supply unit can for example be arranged to each other such that the components interconnecting lines can be as short as possible, so that the space required for this is minimized. In this context, it is particularly advantageous, a connection device for the fuel storage device next to or above or below a fuel processor.

Furthermore, in both alternative embodiments, the first structural unit alone, without the second structural unit being docked, can be stacked particularly simply, universally and safely with other standardized transport containers, in particular those with matching grid congestion. For example, the two subspace regions of the second spatial region of the first structural unit are each designed to be smaller than 20-foot containers, in particular as an approximately 10-foot container, ie. H. the fourth and fifth pitches are each less than 20 feet, more preferably 10 feet each), and the first space portion of the first unit is again formed as a 40 foot ISO standard container. The two smaller (especially 10 foot) containers are placed flush with each of the ends on the 40 foot container, leaving a space for a second assembly in the form of a 20ft container between them. Regardless of the presence of such a second unit in the form of the 20-foot container can be placed on the first unit arbitrarily within the limits of the load conditionally permissible stack height more 40-foot containers, even the placement z. B. another 40-foot container and then z. B. two 20-foot containers or other combinations are possible. The aforementioned containers are transport containers in the sense of the present invention, i. Carrier structures having the said dimensions. This also applies to the below-mentioned containers with dimensional designation.

According to another embodiment of the power supply unit is a, in particular pluggable and / or designed in the manner of a coupling, connection device for passing fuel from the at least one fuel storage device of the second unit to the first unit, wherein the pluggable connection device is designed for at least partially automatic production a connection for the passage of fuel, in particular when docking the second unit to the first unit. The compound in question is preferably formed in a kind of flexible hose coupling. Such a connection can be formed completely automatically during docking, but also under (partial) manual operation by an operator. Alternatively or additionally, for producing the docking between first and second Building unit, the power supply unit comprises a coupling device, in particular dry clutch. The coupling device may also include valves.

According to yet another embodiment of the power supply unit of the at least one internal combustion engine fuel can be fed exclusively from the fuel storage device. The fuel source used here preferably exclusively the second unit; Further fuel sources are not required in the operation of the power supply unit in this embodiment and deliberately not used. Thus, in the thus executed island operation of the power supply unit no further line connections for transporting the fuel to the power supply unit are required, neither aboard the vessel nor outboard. This also simplifies the operation of the power supply unit.

Advantageously, a further embodiment of the power supply unit is characterized by, in particular in the first unit arranged, electrical connection means for connecting the power supply unit with at least one consumer of electrical energy generated in the power supply unit electrical system of the vessel to be supplied. These electrical connection means are preferably formed with a cable drum arranged in the first spatial region of the first structural unit with a connection cable. In particular, the cable drum is arranged to achieve the shortest possible power lines in the vicinity of the at least one generator for generating electricity. The entrainment of these connection means in the power supply unit increases their operational readiness substantially, since not separately appropriate cables must be held and provided on the watercraft to be supplied.

The consumer is advantageous in the first place, preferably exclusively, the on-board network of the vessel to be supplied, thereby making it possible to decouple its energy from onboard power generation facilities, such as marine-powered generators, so that the machinery of the vessel can be completely disabled. Other consumers, eg. B. in a cargo of the vessel such. B. refrigerated containers, can optionally be additionally connected to the power supply unit become. These additional consumers are preferably arranged on board the same watercraft, on which the power supply unit is arranged. Therefore, the power supply unit is particularly preferably designed for feeding at least one electrical system of a ship during a harbor lay time. Due to the fact that the power supply unit preferably completely takes over the supply of the vehicle's electrical system, in particular in the harbor, the power supply can be very simple, regardless of the individual circumstances of the machinery on the vessel during the docking time, only by the power supply unit environmental standard, in particular exhaust gases be respected. Therefore, the power supply unit is preferably used as a harbor power supply for ships, preferably seagoing vessels, particularly preferably for container ships, this power supply unit preferably only the electrical system of the (container) ship during the berth in the port fed and only in the second place, a supply of other, additional Consumer is provided during this time. In principle, however, it is also possible for the power supply unit to be carried on board the watercraft during the (sea) journey of a watercraft and to supply the electrical system and / or other consumers on board the watercraft with electricity.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the power supply unit, a 40-foot container is provided as the basis in which the generator or generators, the motor or motors and preferably also the necessary connections are provided. Also, a drum is preferably housed here with a connection cable to a vehicle electrical system of a (container) ship. On the 40-foot container, two 20-foot containers are provided side by side, with the fuel tank, preferably a gas tank for "LNG", in one interchangeably arranged 20-foot container, fixed to the 40-foot Container, the so-called "gas processing unit" are provided. In a modification, two smaller standard containers with the so-called "gas processing unit" are provided on both sides in addition to the 20-foot container containing the fuel tank so that the 20-foot container with the fuel tank is arranged centrally between the smaller standard containers.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment of the power supply unit is provided as a base container, in particular a 40-foot container, in which the generator or generators, the internal combustion engine, i. the motor or motors, and preferably also necessary connections are provided. Also, a control device for controlling the generator and / or the internal combustion engine and / or a fuel processing device is preferably accommodated here. On the base forming (40 foot) container, another container, in particular a 20-foot container is provided, in which the fuel storage device is provided. In addition to the container with the fuel storage device, two further containers, in particular 9-foot containers, are preferably arranged. In particular, both further containers are arranged on the same side of the container with the fuel storage device. In one of these two further containers, a cooling device is preferably arranged and in the other of the two other containers are preferably Vorhaltemittel for electrical conductors, in particular a cable drum arranged. To the other side of the container with the fuel storage device, a further, in particular relatively narrow trained container is preferably arranged, in which advantageously a connection device for passing fuel from the at least one fuel storage device to the internal combustion engine is arranged. The dimensions of the side-by-side (40-foot) containers forming the base are such that, taken together, they are preferably 40 feet.

The containers with the individual modules are put together to form a unit to be handled together. In particular, they shall be dropped off as a common unit on the ship to be supplied and resumed from there and put ashore or on a means of transport. The entire power supply unit can be moved and moved with a standardized device (container bridge and / or van carrier) and is set for operation on the (container) ship in one of the existing container mounts. Preferably, this power supply unit feeds only the electrical system of the (container) ship while lying in the harbor.

Preferably, the power supply unit is designed such that it can generate at least 0.5 MW, preferably at least 0.8 MW, more preferably at least 1.0 MW, most preferably at least 1.5 MW of electricity.

Preferably, the power supply unit is designed such that it has power at a voltage of 100 V to 10 kV, in particular from 300 V to 7.5 kV, particularly preferably from 200 V to 600 V or from 5.5 kV to 7.5 kV, most preferably 440 V or 6.6 kV generated. In particular, the generator of the power supply unit may preferably be designed in such a way that the generator generates a voltage of the aforementioned height, without additional transformers being necessary. The current is preferably generated at a frequency of 50 Hz to 60 Hz, in particular 50 Hz or 60 Hz. In particularly preferred examples, the generated current has the following performance data: 6.6 kV at 60 Hz and 440 V at 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

The individual preferred embodiments described above can be combined with one another unless otherwise stated.

The above object is further advantageously achieved by a power supply arrangement comprising a plurality of power supply units according to one of the above-described embodiments or a combination of these embodiments, wherein the power supply arrangement comprises connection means for electrically connecting the plurality of power supply units to one another. The connection means are designed such that the power generated by the plurality of power supply units (100, 200) can be supplied in common to a load, in particular the electrical system of a watercraft. The connection means may, for example, connection cables for establishing an electrical connection between the power supply units, electrical switching means, means for adjusting the frequency, current and / or voltage of the power generated, or central feed means for centrally injecting the entirety of the electricity generated by the power supply units into the load, in particular a vehicle electrical system. The power supply arrangement comprises at least two power supply units. Preferably, the power supply arrangement comprises 2 to 10, more preferably 3 to 8, most preferably 3 to 5 power supply units. The power supply arrangement can therefore generate correspondingly more power than a single power supply unit, the cumulative power being dependent on the number of power supply units and the power of the individual power supply units. Preferably, the plurality of power supply units the power supply arrangement or at least some of them next to each other, in particular directly adjacent to each other, in particular on board a watercraft, arranged. Advantageously, a power supply arrangement comprising exactly two power supply units can generate at least 1.0 MW, preferably at least 1.5 MW, particularly preferably at least 2.2 MW, very particularly preferably at least 2.8 MW of power.

The above object is further achieved by a watercraft with an electrical system and a power supply unit and / or a power supply arrangement of the type described above, wherein the power supply unit and / or the power supply arrangement for feeding electrical energy are connected to the electrical system. In this case, the power supply unit and / or the power supply arrangement are arranged on board the watercraft.

The advantage lies in particular in the fact that, in particular for container ships, where no cables can be laid to a so-called "power barge" for space reasons, a self-contained, transportable container unit of standard containers is provided as a power supply unit on board a ship. This container unit is capable of producing electricity based preferably on natural gas or "LNG".

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Stromversorgungseinheit;

Fig. 2

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel für eine Stromversorgungseinheit;

Fig. 3

eine grob schematische Darstellung eines Einsatzes einer Stromversorgungseinheit gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 an Deck eines Containerschiffes;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels für eine Stromversorgungseinheit;

Fig. 5

eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 4;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf die Container des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 4; und

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels nach Fig. 4.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in more detail below, wherein matching elements in all figures are given the same reference numerals and a repeated description of these elements is omitted. Show it:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of a power supply unit;

Fig. 2

a second embodiment of a power supply unit;

Fig. 3

a rough schematic representation of an insert of a power supply unit according to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 on the deck of a container ship;

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a third embodiment of a power supply unit;

Fig. 5

a further perspective view of the embodiment according to Fig. 4 ;

Fig. 6

a plan view of the container of the embodiment according to Fig. 4 ; and

Fig. 7

a side view of the embodiment according to Fig. 4 ,

Preferred embodiment of the invention

In Fig. 1 is denoted by the reference numeral 100, a first embodiment of a power supply unit, which is constructed from transport containers, in particular from ISO standard containers. In this case, a 40-foot container, ie an ISO standard container with a length dimension corresponding to a first grid-Staumaß of 40 feet, a first space portion 102 of a first unit 101 of the power supply unit 100. In this first space area 102, an internal combustion engine and a generator for driving power drivable by the internal combustion engine, in Fig. 1 roughly indicated schematically as generator set and designated by the reference numeral 103. Furthermore, in the first room area 102 of the power supply unit 100, a cable drum 104 is arranged with a connection cable 106 which can be led out of the first room area 102 by a preferably closable cable opening 105, via which electric power can be delivered from the power supply unit 100 to a consumer.

Saddled on the first space portion 102 of the first unit 101 of the power supply unit 100 and firmly connected thereto, here z. B. by welded tabs or connecting plates 107, is a 20-foot container 108, which forms a second space portion of the first unit 101. Optionally, the 20ft container 108 may also be bolted, riveted, or otherwise connected to the 40ft container 102 by other similar fasteners, however, this connection will operate and be transported and handled by the power supply unit 100 not solved. In this second space area 108, a roughly schematically indicated so-called "gas processing unit" 109 is arranged.

Other components of the power supply unit 100, such. B. control devices may be provided in the first unit 101, but are not shown here for the sake of clarity. Also not shown active connections between the components of the power supply unit 100, which extend within the first unit 101, such. As electrical or fuel lines are preferably permanently installed and not separable in operation. By the reference numeral 110 is an example, roughly schematically illustrated exhaust system, which is preferably designed foldable or removable.

Also saddled on the first space portion 102 of the first unit 101 of the power supply unit 100 and not firmly connected to this, but releasably docked, is another 20-foot container, which forms a second unit 111. In this second assembly 111, a fuel tank, preferably a gas tank 112 for storing liquefied natural gas, the so-called LNG installed. When docking the second unit 111 to the first unit 101, a line connection for supplying the gas to the generator set 103 or the "gas processing unit" 109 is produced in addition to mechanical connections. The mechanical connections are preferably formed by standardized connecting elements of the containers, in particular by the standardized container corners 113 and latches customary in ISO containers, the latter preferably being arranged on the upper side of the first structural unit 101. Other detachable connections are possible. The design of the mechanical connections through the standardized fasteners not only allows easy docking and loosening, but also provides enough mechanical stability to z. B. the entire power supply unit 100 including the gas tank 112 by means of a container bridge or a van carrier easily implement in one piece.

Fig. 2 shows in a modification of Fig. 1 A second embodiment of a power supply unit, which is designated by the reference numeral 200. This has a first assembly 201 with a now compared to the first embodiment according to Fig. 1 from a first and a second partial space area 218 or 219 existing second space area 208, whereas the first space area 102 and the second building unit 111 with their components compared to the example Fig. 1 unchanged. The "gas processing unit", now designated by the reference numeral 209, is optionally located in the first subspace area 218 or in the second subspace area 219 or is distributed to the subspace areas 218, 219 installed. One or both subspace regions 218, 219 optionally also include in Fig. 2 Control devices, not shown, for the power supply unit 200.

In the embodiment of the power supply unit 200, the second unit 111 is saddled with the gas tank 112 in the gap between the subspace areas 218, 219 on the first space portion 102 of the first unit 201, ie there docked to the first space portion 102 of the first unit 201. Except for a spatially staggered arrangement required or intended components such as locks and fuel socket this is the example Fig. 1 identical. The advantage of the arrangement after Fig. 2 is that on the subspace areas 218, 219, if necessary, one or more freight containers can be placed, for. Example, a container with the same grid-Staumaß as that of the first space portion 102 of the first unit 201, ie with the first grid-Staumaß. In a preferred, but not exclusive, example, this first grid jam measure is 40 feet, the second grid jam of the second unit 211 is 20 feet, and the subspace areas 218, 219 have a fourth and a fifth pitch of 10 feet, respectively.

Fig. 3 shows a rough schematic representation of an insert of a power supply unit 100 according to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 on an aft deck of a container ship 114, the fuselage 115 and deckhouse 116 are indicated in outline. By reference numeral 117 is a water level, z. In a harbor basin, in which the container ship has moored for handling a loading operation, ie for loading and unloading freight containers 118, which in the usual way serve to transport cargo. On the aft deck of the container ship 114, the power supply unit 100 has been deposited as a closed unit on or adjacent to the existing from the freight containers 118 ship's charge and there electrically connected to an electrical system, not shown, of the container ship 114. Although the power supply unit 100 a Freight container parking space or possibly even under the deck of the container ship, it is not significantly hampered by the loading business. After completion of the charging business, the power supply unit 100 is picked up again by the container ship 114 and z. B. sold on the quay. There it can also, if desired, be stacked together with other standardized freight containers, also several power supply units 100 can be stored in readiness on the quay one above the other to save space.

In the Fig. 4 to 7 another embodiment of a power supply unit 300 is shown. The Fig. 4 and 5 show perspective views and Fig. 7 a side view. In the exemplary embodiment, two layers 3001, 3002 of transport containers are arranged one above the other, which together form the power supply unit 300. In Fig. 6 in each case a plan view of the upper container layer 3001 and the lower container layer 3002 is shown. Both container layers 3001, 3002 are flush with one another laterally, ie they have substantially the same overall length.

The power supply unit 300 is constructed from transport containers, in particular at least partially from ISO standard containers. In this case, a single container, which may be formed, for example, as a 40-foot container, ie as a standard ISO container with a length dimension corresponding to a first grid of 40 feet, forms a first space area 302 of a first unit 301 of the power supply unit 300 In this first space area 302, an internal combustion engine 1031 and a generator 1032 that can be driven by the internal combustion engine 1031 for power generation are arranged, which together form a generator set 103. Further, in the first room area 302 of the power supply unit 300, an operation unit 303 for operating the power supply unit by a user, air supply means 304 for supplying (fresh) air into the first room area 302, fire extinguishing means 305 in the form of CO ₂ bottles, cooling water connections 306, batteries 307 for temporarily storing power for the supply of a control device and / or the start of the power supply unit 300 and a fuel processing device 310 arranged. By means of a fuel processing device, the fuel for the feed can be processed in the internal combustion engine. In particular, so that liquid gas, in particular LNG, are converted to the gaseous state, before it is supplied to the internal combustion engine.

Furthermore, the first structural unit 301 has a second spatial area 308 consisting of a first, a second and a third subspace area 318, 319, 320. In the first subspace region 318, a connecting device 311, preferably designed in the manner of a coupling, for passing fuel from a fuel storage device to the first structural unit 301 is disposed. The first subspace region 318 is arranged above the fuel conditioning device 310 and the hoses comprised by the connecting device 311 run downwards into the first space area 302 to the fuel processing device 310 (see in particular Fig. 7 ). As a result, the necessary hose length is relatively short. The second subspace region 319 comprises a cooling device 312 for cooling the internal combustion engine 1031. The cooling device may comprise, for example, a condenser, a fan, and / or a coolant circuit. The third subspace region 320 comprises a provision means for electrical conductors. In the present example, the provisioning means comprises a cable drum 104 with two connection cables 106 arranged thereon, which can be led out of the first space region 302, via which electrical energy can be delivered from the power supply unit 100 to a consumer. At one end of the connecting cable 106 connecting pieces 1061 are provided, via which the connecting cable 106 can be connected to a consumer or other cables. In addition, power switches designed as disconnectors in the third subspace 320 are provided in a control cabinet 313. The three subspace areas 318, 319, 320 are each formed by individual transport containers, which are firmly connected to the container forming the first space area 302. Likewise, the two containers of the subspace areas 319 and 320 can be firmly connected to each other. Also, the two subspace areas 319, 320 could be provided within a transport container.

In the embodiment of the power supply unit 300, the second assembly 111 is saddled with the gas tank 112 in the gap between the subspace region 318 on one side and the two subspace regions 319 and 320 on the other side on the first space region 302 of the first assembly 301, the second Assembly 11 laterally to the first subspace area 318 and to the second subspace area 319 adjacent. In the present example, the second structural unit 111 is detachably connected to the first structural unit 301 via docking devices (not shown, in particular so-called "twist locks") and docked thereto. As a result, a second structural unit 111 with an empty gas tank 112 can be exchanged in a simple manner by a second structural unit (not shown here) with a full gas tank.

The containers of the second space area 308, taken together with the second building unit 111, have the same raster accumulation dimension as the container of the first space area 302. Furthermore, the two containers of the subspace areas 319 and 320 can each have the same raster accumulation dimension. In a preferred, but not exclusive, example, the first pitch of the first space 302 is 40 feet, the second pitch of the second assembly 211 is 20 feet, and the fourth and fifth pitches of the space areas 319 and 320 are 9 feet the sixth grid jam of subspace area 318 is 2 feet.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

Power supply unit, first example

101

First unit of 100

102

First room area of 101 or 201 respectively

103

Generator set (internal combustion engine and generator)

1031

Internal combustion engine

1032

generator

104

Cable drum in 102 and 302

105

Cable opening in 102

106

Connection cable in 102 and 302

1061

connector

107

Tab / connecting plate of 100, 200

108

Second room area of 101

109

"gas processing unit" in 108

110

Exhaust system at 102

111

Second unit of 100 or 200

112

Gas tank of 111

113

Container corner at 100, 200

114

Container Ship

115

Hull of 114

116

Deckhouse of 114

117

Water level in the harbor basin

118

cargo container

200

Power supply unit, second example

201

First unit of 200

208

Second room area of 201

209

"gas processing unit" in 208 and 218, 219, respectively

218

First subspace area of 208

219

Second subspace area of 208

300

Power unit, third example

3001

Upper container location

3002

Lower container location

301

First building of 300

302

First room area of 301

303

operating unit

304

air supply

305

Fire extinguishing agents

306

Cooling water connections

307

batteries

308

Second room area of 301

310

Fuel processing facility

311

connection device

312

cooling device

313

switch cabinet

318

First subspace area of 308

319

Second subspace area of 308

320

Third subspace area of 308

Claims (13)

1. Transportable, compact power supply unit (100; 200; 300) for supplying a watercraft (114), in particular an on-board supply system of the watercraft (114), with electrical energy, and in particular for arrangement on the watercraft (114), containing in a plurality of transport containers connectable with each other, wherein the plurality of transport containers are transportable as a single connected unit:

   - at least one internal combustion engine (1031) operable with gas, in particular natural gas,

   - at least one generator (1032) for power generation drivable by the at least one internal combustion engine (1031),

   - at least one control device for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and/or at least one control device for the at least one generator (1032),

   - at least one fuel processing device (310) for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and/or at least one exhaust gas purification device (109; 209) for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031), and

   - at least one fuel storage device (112), wherein the fuel of the fuel storage device (112) is gas, in particular natural gas, which is preferably present as liquid gas, particularly preferably as LNG,

   characterized in that
   the power supply unit (100; 200; 300) comprises a first structural unit (101; 201; 301) forming a fixed unit and at least a second structural unit (111) forming a further fixed unit, wherein the first structural unit (101; 201, 301) contains

   - the at least one internal combustion engine (1031),

   - the at least one generator (1032) for power generation drivable by the at least one internal combustion engine (1031),

   - the at least one control device for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and/or the at least one control device for the at least one generator (1032), and

   - the at least one fuel processing device (310) for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and/or the at least one exhaust gas purification device (109; 209) for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031),

   wherein the second structural unit (111) contains

   - the at least one fuel storage device (112),

   wherein
   the first structural unit (101; 201; 301) and the second structural unit (111) can be docked together and detached from one another, and/or
   in that the structural units (101; 201; 301; 111), both individually and docked to each other, are configured in predetermined grid storage dimensions of standardized transport containers (118), wherein in particular the grid storage dimensions of ISO transport containers (118) are selected as predetermined grid storage dimensions.
2. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first structural unit (101; 201; 301) comprises a first space portion (102; 302) having the shape of an, in particular standardized, transport container having a length dimension corresponding to a first grid storage dimension, and in which at least the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and the at least one generator (1032) for power generation drivable by the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) are arranged.
3. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the second structural unit (111) has the shape of an, in particular standardized, transport container having a length dimension corresponding to a second grid storage dimension.
4. Power supply unit (100; 300) according to claim 2 or 3,
   characterized in that
   the first structural unit (101; 301) comprises a second space portion (108; 308) having the shape of an, in particular standardized, transport container having a length dimension corresponding to a third grid dimension, and in which are preferably arranged at least the at least one fuel processing device (310) and/or the at least one exhaust gas purification device (109) for the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) and/or a cooling device (312) for cooling the internal combustion engine (1031) and/or a provision means for electric conductors, in particular a cable drum (104), wherein in particular the first and the second space portion (102; 108; ; 208; 302; 308) of the first structural unit (101; 201; 301) are connected forming a fixed unit, and/or wherein in particular the second space portion (108; 208; 308) is arranged above the first space portion (102; 302).
5. Power supply unit (100; 300) according to claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the second structural unit (111) can be arranged next to the second space portion (108; 308) of the first structural unit (101; 301) and preferably the sum of the second grid storage dimension and the third grid dimension is less than or equal to the first grid storage dimension.
6. Power supply unit (200; 300) according to claim 2 or 3,
   characterized in that
   the first structural unit (201; 301) comprises a second space portion (208; 308) subdivided into two or more subspace portions (218; 219; 318, 319, 320), wherein each of the subspace portions (218; 219; 318, 319, 320) on its own has the shape of an, in particular standardized, transport container having a length dimension corresponding to a fourth, fifth and/or sixth grid dimension, and wherein preferably in at least one of the subspace portions (218; 219, 318, 319, 320) is arranged at least the at least one fuel processing device (310) and/or the at least one exhaust gas purification device (209) for at least one internal combustion engine (1031), and/or a cooling device (312) for cooling the internal combustion engine (1031) and/or a provision means for electric conductors, in particular a cable drum (104), wherein in particular the first space portion (102; 302) and the subspace portions (218, 219; 318, 319, 320) of the second space portion (208; 308) of the first structural unit (201; 301) are connected forming a fixed unit, and/or
   wherein in particular the subspace portions (218, 219; 318, 319, 320) of the second space portion (208; 308) are arranged above the first space portion (102; 302).
7. Power supply unit (200; 300) according to claim 6,
   characterized in that
   the second structural unit (111) can be arranged between the subspace portions (218, 219; 318, 319, 320) of the second space portion (208; 308) of the first structural unit (201; 301) and preferably the sum of the second, fourth and fifth grid storage dimension is less than or equal to the first grid storage dimension.
8. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to one or several of claims 1 to 7, characterized by
   a connection device (311) for passing fuel from the at least one fuel storage device (112) of the second structural unit (111) to the first structural unit (101; 201; 301), which is in particular formed pluggable and/or in the manner of a coupling, wherein the pluggable connection device (311) is formed for at least partially automatically establishing a connection for the passage of fuel when docking the second structural unit (111) to the first structural unit (101; 201; 301).
9. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that
   fuel can be fed to the at least one internal combustion engine (1031) exclusively from the fuel storage device (112).
10. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized by
    electrical connection means for connecting the power supply unit (100; 200; 300) at least with an on-board supply system of the watercraft (114) to be supplied forming a consumer of electrical energy generated in the power supply unit (100; 200; 300), wherein the electrical connection means are particularly arranged in the first structural unit (101; 201; 301).
11. Power supply unit (100; 200; 300) according to one or several of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the power supply unit (100; 200; 300) is configured for supplying at least one electrical on-board supply system of a watercraft, in particular a ship (114), during a harbour lay time.
12. Power supply assembly, comprising a plurality of power supply units (100; 200; 300) according to one or several of the preceding claims, wherein the power supply assembly has connection means for electrically connecting the plurality of power supply units (100; 200; 300) with each other, in such a way that the power generated by the plurality of power supply units (100; 200; 300) can be jointly delivered to one consumer, in particular the on-board supply system of a watercraft.
13. Watercraft (114) with an electrical on-board supply system and a power supply unit (100; 200; 300) and or a power supply assembly according to one or several of the preceding claims, wherein the power supply unit (100; 200; 300) and/or the power supply assembly is connected to the electrical on-board supply system for supplying electrical energy.

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